US3901441A - Multipurpose electrically melting wire metalizing machine provided with a multiple injection port - Google Patents

Multipurpose electrically melting wire metalizing machine provided with a multiple injection port Download PDF

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Publication number
US3901441A
US3901441A US503571A US50357174A US3901441A US 3901441 A US3901441 A US 3901441A US 503571 A US503571 A US 503571A US 50357174 A US50357174 A US 50357174A US 3901441 A US3901441 A US 3901441A
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Prior art keywords
spraying
injection port
spraying cylinder
wall body
cylinder
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US503571A
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English (en)
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Ryoichi Kasagi
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/224—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/131—Wire arc spraying

Definitions

  • a multipurpose metalizing machine which is provided with a plurality of pressurized fluid injection ports.
  • the machine comprises a spraying cylinder replaceably inserted into a dished holding member and adapted to be operable according to various forms of use, using ac or dc power source. Pressurized fluid injected through the plurality of injection ports allows the spraying wires to be melted by a low voltage, low current electric arc and the melted metal sprayed onto a substrate by low pressure air at relatively low velocity.
  • This invention provides a metalizing machine in the nature in which conversely to the example as described above, spraying wires are melted by an electric are heat of low voltage and low current in the presence of an air current at low pressure and low speed under low vacuum or in the range of about atmospheric pressure in order to introduce protective gases, the coarse particles melted are then introduced into the high pressure and high speed air current at normal temperature, and are sprayed through two stage processes, one being the pulverization into the form of a dendritic structure representative of most favorable entangling combination, the other being the rapid cooling.
  • the melting heat efliciency is highest to thereby possess the characteristics capable of melting a number of spraying wires to the optimum temperature; reduction in quantity or change in quality caused by burning, oxidation, nitrization, and vaporization is not produced by the aid of the protective gases; and the spraying air current at normal temperature rapidly cools the dendritic particles with their surface area greatly enlarged satisfactorily prior to adhering to provide a better film at a low temperature, which avoid to produce disintegration accompanied by a fatal shrinkage.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section principally showing a spraying cylinder of a prior art electrically melting wire metalizing machine
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of a basic electrically melting wire metalizing machine principally showing a spraying cylinder constructed in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the metalizing machine shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B are views showing the air-current characteristics of back and forth portions of an electric arc
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section showing a transverse spraying cylinder and a frontwardly directed spraying cylinder in the state slid into the long succession cylinder according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a view of assistance in explaining the injection tube shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a view of assistance in explaining the construction of the third injection port.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B are views of assistance in explaining the principal part of the spraying according to a conventional electrically melting wire metalizing machine used prior to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section principally showing a spraying cylinder according to the prior art, spe-' cifically Japanese Patent No. 673,182.
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section principally showing a spraying cylinder of a metalizing machine according to the present invention.
  • a spraying cylinder 1 is detachably and rotatably secured to a dished holding member 10 secured to the front portion of a casing 27. Vent holes 6 are formed in the peripheral wall of said dished holding member 10.
  • Cylinder 1 has threads to engage a generally conical wall body 2 which is internally divided into a high pressure area 31 and a low pressure area 19. Cylinder 1 also has an annular injection port body 5 threaded therein, said wall body 2 and said injection port body 5 being adjusted in their position by screwing and unscrewing.
  • Within the casing 27 are mounted serrated wire feeding rolls l2, 12 adjacent to secured conduits 7, 7.
  • Conduits 7, 7 pass through conductive terminals 9,9 connected to power supply not shown, and are detachably disposed by means of bolts 11. 11.
  • the extreme ends of the conduits 7. 7 are bent toward each other in the center near the extreme end of the wall body 2.
  • Spraying wires 8, 8 are guided by the serrated rolls l2. l2 and the conduits 7.
  • the speed controlling injection port 40 is one of significant characteristics of the present invention, and is formed so as to communicate with the outer peripheral wall surface 2A of the wall body 2 and the inner peripheral wall surface 28 via a plurality of fine holes formed in the wall body 2.
  • the low pressure air current abnormally inflates so as to reduce, stop or reversely act on the air current speed at the rear of the arc portion, and, accordingly, a part of molten coarse particles does not reach a focus point of a blast of air frontwardly positioned.
  • the machine of the present invention provides the air current speed controlling injection port 40 communicating with a plurality of fine holes, of about 0.5 mm in diameter, formed through the wall of the wall body 2 obliquely formed frontwardly of the wall surface 2A, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the third injection port 40 being preferably made within the trumpet-like wall body 2 so as to align with one point of the axis to thereby emit a part of a blast of air from the high pressure air current area 31 into the third injection port 40 so that the amount and the speed of air directed into the wall body 2 and frontwardly of the low pressure air current area 19 may be increased.
  • one or more bends 40 may be provided as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the FIG. 7 arrangement may be simplified by the provision of the third injection port 40, both being the same in inventive conception.
  • the violent injection air current from the first injection port 18 gives a strong action of vacuum upon a conical space and a low pressure air current area 19 is formed internally thereof to absorb even injection air from the third injection port 40 and forms a vacuum of low level.
  • Atmospheric air to compensate for the vacuum is drawn in through vent holes 6 and gases from the second injection port 24 can also be drawn in.
  • the magnitude of the vacuum is inproportion to the degree of injection energy of a blast of air from the first injection port 18, which is produced at the sacrifice of the energy of a blast of air.
  • the degree of said sacrifice is also in proportion to the vent resistance from the vent holes 6 to the extreme end within the wall body 2 and the injection from the third injection port 40 results in a remarkable reduction in vent resistance.
  • the energy of injected air current from the first injection port 18 does not result in a loss due to the sacrifice but in effect to increase the air current speed within the low pressure air current sphere 19.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates diagramatically a speed variation within the low pressure air current area 19 in the mo]- ten state by an electric arc where an ac power source is employed.
  • FIG. 4A shows the state of variation in an (E) line-like ordinary state air current speed wherein injection is not effected from the third injection port 40, and in this case, when a normal arc formation is taken place, the forward portion A of an inflated gas 25 in the arc increases in speed while the rear portion B decreases in speed, and both the forward C portion and the rear D portion of an irregular gas 26 in the arc greatly vary in speed, the rear portion D sometimes producing an instantaneous backflow phenomenon.
  • E line-like ordinary state air current speed
  • FIG. 4B shows the state of variation in a (F) line-like ordinary state air current speed wherein injection of compressed air is effected from the third injection port 40, and in this case, the air current speed in the low pressure air current area 19 increases so that the backflow phenomenon can be completely eliminated even in the case of the irregular inflated gas 26 in the arc.
  • the use of spraying wires having a great diameter in the range of an unlimited extent becomes possible only by metering the air in a fine amount.
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section showing a transverse spraying cylinder and a frontwardly directed spraying cylinder placed into the long succession cylinder of the present invention.
  • the annular clearance in the first injection port 18 is made extremely narrow to remove the function of a blast of air while retaining the function of the low pressure air current area 19 thereby limiting the quantity of air to approximately one-tenth of that used in blasting, and in place thereof, the number of the third injection ports 40 is increased or the diameter of hole is made slightly greater so as to increase the amount of injection maintaining the vent speed as shown in the (F) line of FIG. 4B for the prosecution of spraying.
  • the injection energy at the first injection port 18 is weak, and the molten metal is concentrated 'at the focus point 20 through pulverization and cooling ability of the molten metal are extremely poor, and the molten metal is further accelerated to form into greater spherical particles and flying about in distance from 1 to 2 meters in the form of a line.
  • they impinge upon the frontward subject they are formed into a palm-like flat body, which is an accumulation easily separated from one another.
  • This machine as described can advantageously be used to build-up hard metal or lubricating metal or alloy on objects such as cylinders and bearings, or potlike objects, and interior surfaces of a deep hole of a large-sized object formed with a small-diameter mouth having a part in the condition similar to the former.
  • Such spraying is carried out by placing the succession cylinder 1 having the length according to the depth of object to be sprayed and the conduit 7 into mutually holding relationship with a permeable insulating support 41, adjusting the cylinder to be suited to the desired length.
  • the metalizing machine of the present invention naturally possesses the low contraction coefficient, the firm adhesive force, the powerful bonding force of particles from one another, and the extremely high stability.
  • forwardly directed large quantity spraying may be effected in the same operation as that of the above-described transversely directed spraying by pro viding the spraying cylinder 1 with a plurality of injection port tubes 61 and protective frames 62 for protecting thereof as indicated by the dotted lines in FIG. 5 in place of the fourth injection port tube 50 which is mounted in the outer periphery of the first injection port 18.
  • a fifth injection port 60 as shown in FIG. 5 is mounted to surround the forward axis of the first injection port 18 in the attempt of integration of the injection port tubes 61.
  • the metalizing machine described above is suited to spray on the bottom of cylinder and other deep end portions to which the metalizer is usually hard to access.
  • the present spraying cylinder which can suitable adjust the length and the spraying angle.
  • This construction of the lengthy spraying cylinder was realized by the use of large-diameter spraying wires, which increase the rigidity and have less flexibility and bending, thereby stabilizing the feed of wire between the delivery rolls l2 and the electric arc 23. It will be understood that such a construction as just mentioned may of course be applied to a generalpurpose metalizing machine, which is handy and directed at a large amount spray, in the form of the short (without using the succession cylinder 1) spraying cylinder l.
  • the present invention provides a multipurpose electrically melting wire metalizing machine provided with a multiple injection port having the extensive characteristics such as a noticeably wide application because of its capability of machining various materials or parts, which are hard to resist to heat and thermal shock.
  • the ac power source is economical because the voltage can be readily regulated according to the kind and diameter of various metal and alloys, whereas the disadvantages as described above tend to be involved due to non-continuous melting. It is obvious that since the better condition in ac source is continuous melting in dc power source, the melting ability becomes more effective by increasing it about 3 times.
  • the present invention has been realized as a result of study paying special attention to the ac power source, which has various disadvantages, in the attempt of thoroughly improving the function, and therefore provides a metalizing machine characterized in that the object may be accomplished using either ac or dc as a power source independently of place and time or kind of metals.
  • a spraying cylinder (1) removably affixed to the end of said casing such that said wires are brought into proximity along the approximate axis of said spraying cylinder, said spraying cylinder having a plurality of radial aperatures therethrough adjacent the end affixed to said casing,
  • a hollow, generally conical wall body (2) attached to the inner surface of said spraying cylinder (1) at one end thereof, said conical wall body (2) having a plurality of aperatures (40) therethrough, the axes of said aperatures forming an acute angle with the central axis of said conical wall body (2),
  • annular injection port body (5) attached to the interior of the distal end of said spraying cylinder l), the inner diameter of'said injection port body and the outer diameter of said conical wall body defining a first injection port (18) therebetween,
  • first injection means to inject a pressurized fluid through a wall of said spraying cylinder 1) into a high pressure chamber (31) defined by the inner surface of said spraying cylinder 1), said conical wall body and said annular injection port body, and
  • second injection means (24) to inject a pressurized fluid interiorly of said conical wall body.
  • the metal spraying apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
  • an injection port tube (51) extending through said annular injection port body (5) and communicating with the high pressure chamber (31), the distal end (50) of said port tube being curved so as to direct the flow of pressurized fluid from the pressurized chamber 31) at an approximate right angle to the central axis of said spraying cylinder (1).
  • the metal spraying apparatus of claim 1 further comprising:
  • each of said port tubes (61) being bent toward the central axis of said spraying cylinder (1), to direct pressurized fluid at an acute angle to said central axis.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
US503571A 1973-09-06 1974-09-06 Multipurpose electrically melting wire metalizing machine provided with a multiple injection port Expired - Lifetime US3901441A (en)

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JP10046373A JPS5610103B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-06 1973-09-06

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2391287A1 (fr) * 1977-05-20 1978-12-15 Kasagi Ryoichi Procede et appareil de pulverisation de metaux par fusion
FR2518430A1 (fr) * 1981-12-23 1983-06-24 Inst Mech Precyz Procede et tete pour projection de revetements metalliques, notamment sur des surfaces d'acces difficile
US4512513A (en) * 1982-10-18 1985-04-23 Rogers Frank S Arc metal spray apparatus and method
WO1987001737A3 (fr) * 1985-09-24 1987-04-23 Heinz Dieter Matthaeus Procede et buse de projection a arc electrique pour le revetement des surfaces des composants par la fusion de fils dans un arc electrique
EP0363655A1 (en) * 1988-10-14 1990-04-18 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Use of ac power in arc spray process
US5275336A (en) * 1991-12-04 1994-01-04 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Wire thermal spray gun and method
WO1997049497A1 (en) * 1996-06-24 1997-12-31 Tafa, Incorporated Apparatus for rotary spraying a metallic coating
US5964405A (en) * 1998-02-20 1999-10-12 Sulzer Metco (Us) Inc. Arc thermal spray gun and gas cap therefor
US6091042A (en) * 1998-03-11 2000-07-18 Sulzer Metco (Us) Inc. Arc thermal spray gun extension and gas jet member therefor
US6431464B2 (en) * 1996-06-28 2002-08-13 Metalspray U.S.A., Inc. Thermal spraying method and apparatus
WO2003090936A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-11-06 Ebara Corporation Arc spraying torch head
US6667460B2 (en) * 2001-03-10 2003-12-23 Daimlerchrysler Ag Inner torch
US20050186355A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-08-25 Noritaka Miyamoto Thermal spraying device and thermal spraying method
US20060180080A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2006-08-17 Sulzer Metco Ag Apparatus for thermal spraying
EP1714704A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Thermal spraying device and thermal spraying method
US20090246398A1 (en) * 2006-08-14 2009-10-01 Nakayama Steel Works ,Ltd. Method and apparatus for forming amorphous coating film
KR20150018416A (ko) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-23 후지 주코교 카부시키카이샤 블라스트 처리 장치 및 블라스트 처리 방법
US11059099B1 (en) 2014-03-11 2021-07-13 Tekna Plasma Systems Inc. Process and apparatus for producing powder particles by atomization of a feed material in the form of an elongated member

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6234603A (ja) * 1985-08-09 1987-02-14 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 圧延方法
JPH0529092Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1987-08-05 1993-07-26
JPH01104364A (ja) * 1987-10-14 1989-04-21 Takashi Sanada 溶射機
WO1990007384A1 (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-07-12 Mitsuyoshi Nakagawa Atomization method and atomizer

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1940814A (en) * 1929-08-01 1933-12-26 Jr Charles M Saeger Metal coating method
US2749176A (en) * 1952-09-18 1956-06-05 Arnold Otto Meyer Electro metal spraying pistol

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1940814A (en) * 1929-08-01 1933-12-26 Jr Charles M Saeger Metal coating method
US2749176A (en) * 1952-09-18 1956-06-05 Arnold Otto Meyer Electro metal spraying pistol

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2391287A1 (fr) * 1977-05-20 1978-12-15 Kasagi Ryoichi Procede et appareil de pulverisation de metaux par fusion
US4181256A (en) * 1977-05-20 1980-01-01 Ryoichi Kasagi Metal melt-spraying method and equipment
FR2518430A1 (fr) * 1981-12-23 1983-06-24 Inst Mech Precyz Procede et tete pour projection de revetements metalliques, notamment sur des surfaces d'acces difficile
US4512513A (en) * 1982-10-18 1985-04-23 Rogers Frank S Arc metal spray apparatus and method
WO1987001737A3 (fr) * 1985-09-24 1987-04-23 Heinz Dieter Matthaeus Procede et buse de projection a arc electrique pour le revetement des surfaces des composants par la fusion de fils dans un arc electrique
EP0363655A1 (en) * 1988-10-14 1990-04-18 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Use of ac power in arc spray process
US5275336A (en) * 1991-12-04 1994-01-04 The Perkin-Elmer Corporation Wire thermal spray gun and method
US5908670A (en) * 1996-06-24 1999-06-01 Tafa, Incorporated Apparatus for rotary spraying a metallic coating
WO1997049497A1 (en) * 1996-06-24 1997-12-31 Tafa, Incorporated Apparatus for rotary spraying a metallic coating
US6431464B2 (en) * 1996-06-28 2002-08-13 Metalspray U.S.A., Inc. Thermal spraying method and apparatus
US5964405A (en) * 1998-02-20 1999-10-12 Sulzer Metco (Us) Inc. Arc thermal spray gun and gas cap therefor
US6091042A (en) * 1998-03-11 2000-07-18 Sulzer Metco (Us) Inc. Arc thermal spray gun extension and gas jet member therefor
US6667460B2 (en) * 2001-03-10 2003-12-23 Daimlerchrysler Ag Inner torch
EP1238711A3 (de) * 2001-03-10 2006-02-01 DaimlerChrysler AG Innenbrenner
US7432469B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2008-10-07 Ebara Corportion Arc spraying torch head
WO2003090936A1 (en) * 2002-04-24 2003-11-06 Ebara Corporation Arc spraying torch head
EP1497035A4 (en) * 2002-04-24 2009-04-29 Ebara Corp SPRAY HEAD FOR METALLIZATION PISTOL
US20050186355A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-08-25 Noritaka Miyamoto Thermal spraying device and thermal spraying method
US7341763B2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2008-03-11 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Thermal spraying device and thermal spraying method
US20060180080A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2006-08-17 Sulzer Metco Ag Apparatus for thermal spraying
US7578451B2 (en) * 2005-02-11 2009-08-25 Sulzer Metco Ag Apparatus for thermal spraying
EP1714704A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Thermal spraying device and thermal spraying method
US20090246398A1 (en) * 2006-08-14 2009-10-01 Nakayama Steel Works ,Ltd. Method and apparatus for forming amorphous coating film
KR20150018416A (ko) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-23 후지 주코교 카부시키카이샤 블라스트 처리 장치 및 블라스트 처리 방법
US11059099B1 (en) 2014-03-11 2021-07-13 Tekna Plasma Systems Inc. Process and apparatus for producing powder particles by atomization of a feed material in the form of an elongated member
US11110515B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2021-09-07 Tekna Plasma Systems Inc. Process and apparatus for producing powder particles by atomization of a feed material in the form of an elongated member
US11565319B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2023-01-31 Tekna Plasma Systems Inc. Process and apparatus for producing powder particles by atomization of a feed material in the form of an elongated member
US11638958B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2023-05-02 Tekna Plasma Systems Inc. Process and apparatus for producing powder particles by atomization of a feed material in the form of an elongated member
US11951549B2 (en) 2014-03-11 2024-04-09 Tekna Plasma Systems Inc. Process and apparatus for producing powder particles by atomization of a feed material in the form of an elongated member

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5051038A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-05-07
JPS5610103B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-03-05

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