US3899320A - Process for making iron sponge pellets containing silicon carbide - Google Patents

Process for making iron sponge pellets containing silicon carbide Download PDF

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Publication number
US3899320A
US3899320A US445413A US44541374A US3899320A US 3899320 A US3899320 A US 3899320A US 445413 A US445413 A US 445413A US 44541374 A US44541374 A US 44541374A US 3899320 A US3899320 A US 3899320A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
iron
silicon carbide
percent
grain size
weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US445413A
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English (en)
Inventor
Theodor Benecke
Gunter Wiebke
Carl Pfannenschmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH
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Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH
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Filing date
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Priority claimed from DE19732308888 external-priority patent/DE2308888C3/de
Application filed by Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH filed Critical Elektroschmelzwerk Kempten GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3899320A publication Critical patent/US3899320A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/14Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
    • C22B1/24Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
    • C22B1/2406Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/008Use of special additives or fluxing agents
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for making iron sponge from iron ores containing 95 percent or more of iron oxide, for use in producing various types of steels.
  • Processes are known for melting cast iron with lame]- lar graphite, or with modular graphite, or malleable cast iron, in cupola furnaces, reverberatory furnaces or electric furnaces.
  • a mixture is added in the furnace of cast iron scrap, steel scrap, returns, and pig iron.
  • Armco iron Another known iron used for making high-quality steel is Armco iron, which has been in use for making such high-grade and other steels for a long time.
  • a material of superior purity is iron sponge. Its impurities are only small quantities of silica, alumina, and traces of calcium and magnesium oxides, which pass into the slag. With regard to the accompanying elements, such as carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulfur, only carbon is present. For trace elements, such as copper, titanium, chromium, aluminum, arsenic and lead, only minimal amounts are to be found, for example, less than 0.01 percent by weight in each case.
  • iron sponge can be made from iron ores containing 95 percent by weight or more of iron oxide
  • the melts may be used for making, for example, modular cast iron, black-malleable cast, over-eutectoid cast steel, the carbon content of which above 0.9 percent is separated in the raw castings as modular graphite; also other steel brands may be made, e.g. silicon construction steels.
  • iron oxides are ground to fine grain-size and mixed with equally fine ground silicon carbide, and then made into lumps or pellets in a known manner.
  • the iron ores used at least percent should be ground to a size less than 40 82
  • the silicon carbide is used in an amount of 0.1 10 percent by weight, preferably 0.5 6 percent by weight, calculated on the total amount, and having a grain size of 10 p. 2 mm, preferably 10 ,u, 400 t.
  • This silicon carbide is added in adequate grain size to the iron ore to be pelletized, which after pelletizing, may be roasted and reduced.
  • the extremely fine distribution of unmeltable silicon carbide in the iron sponge has the effect that, as the latter is melted and silicon carbide is dissolved therein, the distribution in the melt occurs very evenly and the iron oxide entrained in the iron sponge is more readily reduced.
  • a starting block of 900 kg modular iron was placed into the 3,5 to furnace and covered with reformed material. After melting down, a refill took place with the use of new, clean stacks of sheet until the furnace was filled. Then a substantial specimen of slag was taken off from the surface. After the specimen had cooled down, its weight was 800 g. After grinding, 300 g of mostly spherical metallic occlusions could be drawn out with a magnet. In the balance of 500 g, 16.34 percent Fe and 6.12 percent Mn were found.
  • example 1 The melting test of example 1 was repeated while using the same ratios of weight. But instead of the stacks of sheets, 500 kg iron sponge and 0.9 percent of metallurgical silicon carbide, calculated on the total filling of 3.5 to were separately and consecutively added to the melt. In this manner, about 28 kg silicon carbide with about 20 kg pure silicon were introduced, (about 0.55 percent Si). The amount of iron oxide introduced by the sponge iron, is 33 kg. Already to the naked eye the color of the slag showed to be lighter. After cooling, 315 g of slag were weighed, from which only 2 g metallic occlusions could be withdrawn by means of a magnet. The remaining 313 g stag contained 2.73 Fe and 4.54 percent Mn.
  • the analysis of the added sponge is: 92.2 percent by weight total iron, of which 86.6 percent metallic, 0.7% A1 2.5% SiO 1.0% CaO, 6.7% FeO, corresponding to 5.4% metallic iron, 0.85% C, 2% silicon carbide, (Metallurgical quality 90% SiC).
  • the 900 kg iron sponge introduced the following slag-forming compounds: 58 Kg FeO, 23 kg SiO 6.0 kg A1 0 kg CaO, 1.0 kgMgO and, additionally, from the metallurgical silicon carbide, 1 kg SiO
  • the silicon carbide addition is 17 kg with about 12 kg pure silicon.
  • these 99 kg slag forming compounds are composed of 58% FeO, 23% SiO 6% A1 0 10% CaO, 1% MgO. In reality, the following amounts were found in the slag: 6.0% Fe, corresponding to 8% FeO, 1% Mn, 68% SiO 17% CaO, 12% A1 0 and 1.2% MgO. Instead of the theoretically expected FeO content of 58 percent, the slag contained only 8%.
  • the SiO content derives from the reduction power of the 17 kg silicon carbide resulting in CaO and 25 kg SiO
  • the result is 48 kg SiO
  • the amount (by weight) of the slag decreases to 87 kg, due to the FeO removed by reduction. Therefore, the above 48 kg correspond to 55% SiO
  • Added SiO results from the worn furnace lining and adhering sand from the reformed material increase the difference to 68 percent.
  • a process for making iron sponge from iron ores containing at least 95% by weight of iron oxide comprising, pulverizing the iron ore to extremely fine grain size, mixing the pulverized iron ore with fine-grained silicon carbide, pelletizing the so obtained mixture, and subjecting the same to direct reduction.
  • silicon carbide is used in an amount of 0.1-10 percent by weight calculated on the total weight and in a grain size between 10 p. and 2mm.
  • silicon carbide is used in an amount of 0.5 6 percent by weight calculated on the total weight and in a grain size of 10 p. to 400 11..

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US445413A 1973-02-23 1974-02-25 Process for making iron sponge pellets containing silicon carbide Expired - Lifetime US3899320A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732308888 DE2308888C3 (de) 1973-02-23 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Eisenschwamm

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3899320A true US3899320A (en) 1975-08-12

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US445413A Expired - Lifetime US3899320A (en) 1973-02-23 1974-02-25 Process for making iron sponge pellets containing silicon carbide

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3899320A (de)
JP (1) JPS5342008B2 (de)
BE (1) BE811456A (de)
CA (1) CA1018360A (de)
DD (1) DD109663A5 (de)
FR (1) FR2219230B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1466475A (de)
IT (1) IT1004334B (de)
NL (1) NL7402391A (de)
SE (1) SE424091B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4533388A (en) * 1984-04-11 1985-08-06 Olin Corporation Technique for removing iron-rich components from a copper melt
US20100303663A1 (en) * 2007-11-30 2010-12-02 Se-Lin Lee Porous light weight iron and method for preparing the same
US8518146B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2013-08-27 Gb Group Holdings Limited Metal reduction processes, metallurgical processes and products and apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55122664U (de) * 1979-11-02 1980-09-01
JPS55122663U (de) * 1979-11-02 1980-09-01

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3728107A (en) * 1971-02-16 1973-04-17 Carborundum Co Additives for production of cast irons
US3765875A (en) * 1970-07-23 1973-10-16 L Septier Inoculating alloy for cast irons

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765875A (en) * 1970-07-23 1973-10-16 L Septier Inoculating alloy for cast irons
US3728107A (en) * 1971-02-16 1973-04-17 Carborundum Co Additives for production of cast irons

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4533388A (en) * 1984-04-11 1985-08-06 Olin Corporation Technique for removing iron-rich components from a copper melt
US20100303663A1 (en) * 2007-11-30 2010-12-02 Se-Lin Lee Porous light weight iron and method for preparing the same
US8414827B2 (en) * 2007-11-30 2013-04-09 Se-Lin Lee Porous light weight iron and method for preparing the same
US8518146B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2013-08-27 Gb Group Holdings Limited Metal reduction processes, metallurgical processes and products and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1466475A (en) 1977-03-09
FR2219230A1 (de) 1974-09-20
BE811456A (fr) 1974-08-22
AU6598174A (en) 1975-08-28
SE424091B (sv) 1982-06-28
IT1004334B (it) 1976-07-10
NL7402391A (de) 1974-08-27
JPS5024110A (de) 1975-03-15
FR2219230B1 (de) 1976-12-03
DD109663A5 (de) 1974-11-12
DE2308888B2 (de) 1975-09-11
JPS5342008B2 (de) 1978-11-08
DE2308888A1 (de) 1974-09-05
CA1018360A (en) 1977-10-04

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