US3894729A - Converter outlet lining - Google Patents

Converter outlet lining Download PDF

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Publication number
US3894729A
US3894729A US439862A US43986274A US3894729A US 3894729 A US3894729 A US 3894729A US 439862 A US439862 A US 439862A US 43986274 A US43986274 A US 43986274A US 3894729 A US3894729 A US 3894729A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
layer
outlet
lining
bricks
converter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US439862A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Muller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Didier Werke AG
Original Assignee
Didier Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Didier Werke AG filed Critical Didier Werke AG
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Publication of US3894729A publication Critical patent/US3894729A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4693—Skull removal; Cleaning of the converter mouth
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/44—Refractory linings

Definitions

  • a converter outlet lmmg includes a lower layer of u highly conductive material such as carbon bricks, the [30] Apphcatlo Pnomy Data outer edges of which are in contact with the jacket of Feb. 12, 1973 Germany 2306858 the converter.
  • An upper layer of wear resistant material includes a layer of magnesia bricks on top of the [52] US. Cl. 266/43 carbon bricks and spaced from the jacket, and a layer [51] Int. Cl. C21C 5/44 of compressed or compacted granular magnesite over [58] Field of Search 266/35, 43 the inner portion of the top of the magnesia bricks.
  • the present invention relates to an improved lining for the outlet area of converters or similar metallurgical vessels employing therein a highly heat conductive material, in particular carbon.
  • the outlet portion of the converter which contacts the slag during pouring has been formed of carbon bricks that are highly heat conductive and possess a relatively low wetting effect in relation to slag, thereby rendering difficult any reaction between the slag and the outlet lining.
  • a further cause for the premature wear of the converter outlet opening lining in relation to the remaining lining is that the gases formed during the operation of the converter possess a relatively high fraction of CO which after-burns in the outlet of the converter, thus bringing about an excessive thermal stressing of the lining in such area.
  • this proposal has not proven entirely satisfactory.
  • the useful life of the lining of converters may be increased by providing the parts of the lining in contact with the jacket of the converter of highly heat conductive refractory material, preferably carbon or silicon carbide, at least in the thickness of the customary permanent lining of the converter.
  • the lining in the outlet area of the converter consists exclusively of highly heat conductive carbon and/or silicon carbide.
  • such proposal does not meet the requirements of current converter operation, since carbon cannot be employed in an oxidizing atmosphere above 400C (Harders/Kienow, page 876), and silicon carbide is not stable with respect to basic oxides at higher temperatures. Even oxide-free metal-melts attack SiC at l000-1200C (Harders/Kienow, page 868).
  • the primary object of the present invention is to improve substantially and with simple means the useful life of converter linings in the outlet areas thereof, for the purpose of reducing extent of wear of the outlet lining to an amount equal to that of the remaining lining of the converter. This is achieved by employing refractory materials of high thermal conductivity, such as carbon, on the one hand, and materials having converter-operation-proven wear resistance, such as iron-poor sintered magnesia and sintered dolomite, on the other hand.
  • the invention consists basically in that the converter outlet lining includes an upper, lO0-60O mm thick outlet lining layer of wear-resistant material, and a lower, -400 mm thick layer of highly heat-conductive material, the outer peripheral surface of which contacts the metal jacket of the converter. Owing to such an arrangement of the converter outlet lining, a sufficient amount of heat is removed through the highly heat conductive layer, particularly from the wear resistant layer situated thereabove, that the slag flowing over the outlet lining during the tipping of the converter remains only loosely attached. There is formed a film-type slag coating, which can be readily removed from time to time without damaging the lining.
  • the layer of highly heat conductive material at the inner peripheral surface of the outlet is largely protected against the oxidizing atmosphere by the lining situated directly above and below, so that the wear of the highly heat conductive material, which occurs in such an atmosphere, is reduced to a negligible amount.
  • the wear-resistant arrangement or covering of the highly heat conductive layer results in a slag discharge which is free of problems while avoiding firm slag deposits which would lead to the destruction of the lining when removed, so that the desired adaptation of the wear of the outlet lining to that of the remainder of the lining is achieved.
  • the highly heat conductive layer consists advantageosly of carbon, and the covering layer arranged thcreabove consists advantageously of iron-poor sintered magnesia. This embodiment has proven to be particularly wear-resistant.
  • a layer of carbon bricks on top of which there is arranged a layer of sintered magnesia bricks having a length of one third to two thirds of the width of the lining.
  • the inner ends of the magnesia bricks are flush with the outlet opening.
  • a layer of compressed or compacted granular magnesite extending from the outlet opening to the outlet flange of the converter.
  • Peripherally outwardly of the magnesite material is a layer of compressed or compacted granular carbon material extending from the magnesite layer to the metal jacket of the converter.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through the wall of a converter in the area of the outlet thereof;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view taken along lines II-II in FIG. 1.
  • the jacket 1 of a converter has supported thereon a double flange 4, defining an outlet 2, by means of brackets 3.
  • the main converter lining 5 consists of a permanent lining 5', an intermediate layer 5" of compressed or compacted granular material and a wear lining 5" of magnesite and/or dolomite bricks.
  • the lining 5 has on top thereof an outlet lining including a lower layer of carbon bricks 6 of a thickness of for instance 200 mm.
  • the layer of bricks 6 is positioned 440 mm below the top of opening 2 and extends over the entire width of the lining, and the outer faces 7 of bricks 6 are in full and direct contact with jacket 1.
  • a layer of magnesite bricks 8 is placed flush with the inner face of the outlet lining on top of the layer of carbon bricks 6.
  • the magnesite bricks 8 are approximately half as long as carbon bricks 6.
  • the free space peripherally outwardly of the magnesite bricks and below the converter flange 4 is filled with a layer 9 of compressed or compacted granular carbon material in such a manner to enclose the outer ends of the magnesite bricks 8 facing jacket 1.
  • layer 10 of compressed or compacted granular magnesite material which defines the outlet of the converter with an inclined annular surface 11 extending upwardly and outwardly from the inner upper edge of magnesite bricks 8 to the inner upper edge of converter flange 4.
  • the heat removal can be set to the desired operational conditions of a specific converter, and the wear of the outlet lining can thus be adapted to be equal to the wear of the remainder of the converter lining.
  • a lower layer of highly heat conductive material the outer surface of which is in direct contact with said metal jacket of said converter, said lower layer comprising layer of carbon bricks on top of said main lining, the innermost ends of which form a portion of said outlet and the outermost ends of which are in contact with said jacket;
  • an upper layer of wear-resistant material said upper layer comprising a layer of sintered magnesia bricks on top of said layer of carbon bricks, the length of said magnesia bricks being from one-third to two-thirds the length of said carbon bricks, the innermost ends of said magnesia bricks forming a portion of said outlet, there being a space between the outermost ends of said magnesia bricks and said jacket, and a layer of compressed granular magnesite material positioned over a portion of the top of said magnesia bricks, the inner surface of said layer of magnesite material forming a portion of said outlet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
US439862A 1973-02-12 1974-02-06 Converter outlet lining Expired - Lifetime US3894729A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2306858 1973-02-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3894729A true US3894729A (en) 1975-07-15

Family

ID=5871665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US439862A Expired - Lifetime US3894729A (en) 1973-02-12 1974-02-06 Converter outlet lining

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US3894729A (fr)
JP (1) JPS568087B2 (fr)
AR (1) AR202118A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT342634B (fr)
BE (1) BE810356A (fr)
BR (1) BR7400997D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA1015159A (fr)
CS (1) CS190421B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE2306858C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES423098A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2217423B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1455373A (fr)
IT (1) IT1008153B (fr)
LU (1) LU69367A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL7401929A (fr)
RO (1) RO65031A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA74929B (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4886247A (en) * 1988-11-08 1989-12-12 National Steel Corporation Ceramic brick retainer band for steel ladle
US5118085A (en) * 1991-04-01 1992-06-02 Ajf, Inc. Steel ladle lip closure apparatus
US5499798A (en) * 1994-02-22 1996-03-19 Usx Corporation Refractory retaining apparatus
CN108823354A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-16 柳州市创科复合金属陶瓷制品有限公司 一种组合式转炉炉口
US11602787B2 (en) * 2020-02-21 2023-03-14 United States Steel Corporation Steel ladle taper plate assemblies
US11708617B2 (en) * 2017-12-06 2023-07-25 Krosakiharima Corporation Brick lining forming method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5562880A (en) * 1993-09-24 1996-10-08 Indresco Inc. Refractory brick design for open end of refractory lined vessel

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US117248A (en) * 1871-07-25 Improvement in bessemer converters for converting crude iron into steel
US663945A (en) * 1900-04-05 1900-12-18 John A Waldburger Ladle for molten metal.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US117248A (en) * 1871-07-25 Improvement in bessemer converters for converting crude iron into steel
US663945A (en) * 1900-04-05 1900-12-18 John A Waldburger Ladle for molten metal.

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4886247A (en) * 1988-11-08 1989-12-12 National Steel Corporation Ceramic brick retainer band for steel ladle
WO1990005198A1 (fr) * 1988-11-08 1990-05-17 National Steel Corporation Bande de retention en briques ceramiques pour poche a acier
US5118085A (en) * 1991-04-01 1992-06-02 Ajf, Inc. Steel ladle lip closure apparatus
US5499798A (en) * 1994-02-22 1996-03-19 Usx Corporation Refractory retaining apparatus
US11708617B2 (en) * 2017-12-06 2023-07-25 Krosakiharima Corporation Brick lining forming method
CN108823354A (zh) * 2018-07-19 2018-11-16 柳州市创科复合金属陶瓷制品有限公司 一种组合式转炉炉口
CN108823354B (zh) * 2018-07-19 2024-02-13 柳州市创科复合金属陶瓷制品有限公司 一种组合式转炉炉口
US11602787B2 (en) * 2020-02-21 2023-03-14 United States Steel Corporation Steel ladle taper plate assemblies

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA74929B (en) 1974-12-24
JPS568087B2 (fr) 1981-02-21
FR2217423B1 (fr) 1976-11-26
AT342634B (de) 1978-04-10
ES423098A1 (es) 1976-10-16
IT1008153B (it) 1976-11-10
GB1455373A (en) 1976-11-10
RO65031A (fr) 1979-05-15
JPS49112805A (fr) 1974-10-28
AR202118A1 (es) 1975-05-15
LU69367A1 (fr) 1974-05-29
ATA105174A (de) 1977-08-15
FR2217423A1 (fr) 1974-09-06
DE2306858B1 (de) 1973-09-20
NL7401929A (fr) 1974-08-14
CS190421B2 (en) 1979-05-31
BE810356A (fr) 1974-05-16
DE2306858C2 (de) 1974-05-16
CA1015159A (fr) 1977-08-09
BR7400997D0 (pt) 1974-11-19

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