US3893426A - Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds - Google Patents

Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds Download PDF

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Publication number
US3893426A
US3893426A US454045A US45404574A US3893426A US 3893426 A US3893426 A US 3893426A US 454045 A US454045 A US 454045A US 45404574 A US45404574 A US 45404574A US 3893426 A US3893426 A US 3893426A
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United States
Prior art keywords
bed
heat exchanger
heat exchange
chambers
beds
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Expired - Lifetime
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US454045A
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English (en)
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Richard W Bryers
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Foster Wheeler Inc
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Foster Wheeler Inc
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Application filed by Foster Wheeler Inc filed Critical Foster Wheeler Inc
Priority to US454045A priority Critical patent/US3893426A/en
Priority to CA221,509A priority patent/CA1002935A/en
Priority to ES435910A priority patent/ES435910A1/es
Priority to GB1217075A priority patent/GB1466813A/en
Priority to JP3523975A priority patent/JPS541263B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3893426A publication Critical patent/US3893426A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/003—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions
    • F22B31/0038—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions with tubes in the bed

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A heat exchanger in which a substantially vertical partition divides a housing into at least two adjoining chambers each of which support a bed of particulate 52 11.5. C1. 122/4 1); 110/8 F; 110/28 1 fuel material Air is Passed through the beds 10 P 51 1m. 01. F22B 1/02 mote the Combustion of the fuel material and to [58] Field f Search 122/4 1 10/28 1 3 F tain the chambers at predetermined temperatures.
  • the fuel material in one of the chambers is relatively 5 References Cited coarse while the fuel material in the other chamber is UNITED STATES PATENTS relatively fine with the chambers communicating to permit circulation of portions of the fuel between the 2,871,004 1/1959 Gorin 110/28 3 chambers 3,387,590 6/1968 Bishop 122/4 D 3,508,506 4/ I970 Bishop 122/4 D 15 Claims, 23 Drawing Figures F I t 1 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring specifically to the drawings, the reference This invention relates to a heat exchanger and, more numeral I0 refers in general to the heat exchanger of particularly, to a heat exchanger employing two or more adjoining fluidized beds.
  • Fluidized beds have often been utilized to produce heat used in heat transfer applications such as the generation of steam or the like.
  • air is normally passed upwardly through a mass of particulate material including a particulate fuel, causing the material to expand and take on a suspended or fluidized state.
  • Combustion of the fuel material produces heat which is transferred to a heat exchanger medium, such as water, passing through tubes, or the like, located proximate to the fluidized bed.
  • the size of the particle fuel used in the beds must be within a relatively narrow range to avoid blockage of tube surfaces and air distribution plates by oversized fuel particles.
  • the presence of a relatively large tube surface in, or adjacent to, the fluidized bed requires a relatively high amount of energy during the early stages of start-up and fluidization.
  • the heat exchanger of the present invention comprises a housing, at least one substantially vertical partition dividing said housing into at least two adjoining chambers, means for establishing a bed of relatively coarse particulate fuel material in one of said chambers, means for establishing a bed of relatively fine particulate fuel material in the other chamber, means to pass air through each of said beds to promote the combustion of said fuel material and maintain said chambers at predetermined temperatures, and means communicating said chambers to permit circulation of portions of said fuel between said chambers.
  • FIG. I is a vertical sectional, partial schematic, view of a heat exchanger employing features of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-section taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial, perspective view depicting a portion of the heat exchanger of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the present invention which includes an enclosure 12 of a refractory, or other type insulating material, having a closed bottom, or floor, portion and an open upper end portion which receives a funnel-shaped insert 13 having an outlet opening 130.
  • Each wall of the enclosure 12 is lined with a wall 14 formed by a plurality of tubes 16, each of which has two external elongated fins 18 extending from diametrically opposite sides thereof, with the adjacent fins being interconnected to form a contiguous wall-like structure. Both ends of the tubes 16 of each wall 14 are connected to horizontal headers 20 for distributing a heat exchanger fluid, such as water, from an external source (not shown) to the walls 14, and collecting the fluid from each wall 14 after it has passed through the wall before being discharged from the enclosure or rerouted to another header 20 for further circulation.
  • a heat exchanger fluid such as water
  • a divider wall, or partition, 22 is disposed parallel to the side walls of the enclosure 12 and is spaced intermediate the walls to define two adjoining chambers 24 and 26.
  • the wall 22 is also formed by a plurality of tubes 16 having interconnected fins 18, and a header 20 is connected to each end of the wall 22 so that water may be circulated through this wall in a manner similar to the circulation through the finned tube walls 14.
  • a pair of air distribution plates 28 and 30 are disposed in the chambers 24 and 26, respectively, and are adapted to receive air from an inlet 32 (FIG. 2) registering with the lower portion of the housing 12.
  • the flow of air to the plates 28 and 30 is regulated by a pair of damper assemblies 34 and 36, respectively, disposed immediately below the plates.
  • the air distribution plate 28 is adapted to support a bed 40 of particulate material in the lower portion of the chamber 24, consisting of inert material, a said fuel material, and a sorbent material for the sulfur formed during combustion of the fuel if said fuel contains relatively large amounts of sulfur. Additional fuel for the bed 40 is introduced through a feeder tube 42 extending through the front wall of the enclosure 12 and the corresponding finned tube wall 14, and located proximate to the plate 28.
  • the fuel in the bed 40 can be of a relatively small, or fine, size for reasons that will be explained later.
  • the plate 30 supports a bed 44 of a mixture of particulate material in the chamber 26, similar in makeup to that of the material of the bed 40.
  • An inlet tube 46 extends through a side wall of the enclosure 12 and its corresponding finned tube wall 14 at an elevated position relative to the plate 30 and is adapted to introduce additional particulate fuel material into the bed 44.
  • the fuel material forming the bed 44 is of the same type as that in the bed 40 but is of a relatively large size for reasons also to be described in detail later.
  • the particulate fuel material may be fed through the inlets 42 and 46 and to their respective beds 40 and 44 in any conventional manner, such as by pneumatic injection, gravity feed, or the like.
  • the beds 40 and 44 are fluidized, or maintained in a suspended state, by virtue of the air passing from the inlet 32 and through the distribution plates 28 and 30, with the air flow being regulated by the damper assemblies 34 and 36 so that it is high enough to fluidize the particulate fuel materail in each bed and obtain economical burning or heat release rates per unit area of the bed, while being low enough to avoid the loss of too many fine particles from the beds. and to allow sufficient residence time of gases to promote good sulfur removal by the abovementioned sorbent.
  • An overflow pipe 48 extends through a side wall of the enclosure 12 and its corresponding finned tube wall 14 and registers with the chamber 26 to maintain the bed 44 at a predetermined level which is lower than the level of the bed 40, for reasons that will be described later.
  • a tube bundle shown in general by the reference numeral 50, is immersed in the bed 40 and consists of a plurality of spaced parallel tubes extending in a serpentine relationship with the inlet and outlet ends of each tube extending externally of the housing 12 for connection to a source of water and another component of the system, respectively, in a conventional manner.
  • water passing through the tube bundle 50 will be heated by virtue of the heat generated in the bed 40.
  • the divider wall 22 has two openings 52 and 54 formed therein with the opening 52 extending from approximately the upper level of the bed 44 to the upper level of the bed 40 and the opening 54 extending from approximately the plane of the distribution plates 28 and 30 to a point below the level of the bed 44.
  • the openings 52 and 54 are provided in the wall 22 in a manner better shown in connection with H0. 3. in particular, two spaced portions of every other tube 16 forming the wall 22 is bent outwardly at an angle as shown by the reference numeral 16a, to provide a series of alternating solts 16b in that area vacated by the bent portions 16a. For the convenience of presentation, a portion of the bent portions 160 have been broken away in FIG. 3 to better show the slots 16b.
  • each opening 52 and 54 is formed by a plurality of the slots 16b, which enables the particulate material to be circulated between the beds 40 and 44 for reasons detailed in the following operational description of the heat exchanger 10.
  • the bed 44 is initially ignited in any conventional manner which raises the temperature in both chambers 24 and 26 to a predetermined value after which the bed 40 is ignited. Air is passed from the inlet 32 through the plates 28 and 30 and controlled by the damper assemblies 34 and 36 to fluidize the beds and promote the combustion of the fuel material in each bed. The air passing throough the beds 40 and 44 combines with the combustion gases in each chamber 24 and 26 and passes outwardly from the enclosure 12 through the outlet 13a.
  • Water from an external source is passed into one or more of the lower headers 20 and is passed upwardly through the finned tube walls 14 and 22 where it is heated by the heat generated by the beds 40 and 44 before being passed collected in the upper headers 20 for further treatment or use.
  • a booster fan or the like may be provided at the lower portion of one or more of the beds for promoting the circulation of particles in, and the passage of air through, the beds.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a housing, at least one substantially vertical partition dividing said housing into at least two adjoining chambers. means for establishing a bed of relatively coarse particulate fuel material in one of said chambers, means for establishing a bed of relatively fine particulate fuel material in the other chamber, and means to pass air through each of said beds to promote the combustion of said fuel material and maintain said chambers at predetermined temperatures.
  • said partition being formed by a plurality of finned tubes for circulating a heat exchange medium in a heat exchange relation to said beds, portions of said tubes being bent in a manner to form a plurality of slots in said partition to communicate said chambers and permit circulation of portions of said fuel between said chambers.
  • each of said bed establishing means comprises means to introduce said fuel material into its respective bed.
  • said air passing means comprises a perforated distribution plate supporting the bed of fuel material in each of said chambers, and means to pass air into said housing and upwardly through said plates.
  • each wall of said housing is formed by a plurality of finned tubes for circulating a heat exchange medium in a heat exchange relation to said beds.
  • the heat exchanger of claim I further comprising a bundle of heat exchange tubes disposed in one of said beds for circulating a heat exchange medium in a heat exchange relation to said bed.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a housing, at least one substantially vertical partition dividing said housing into at least two adjoining chambers.
  • each of said bed establishing means comprises means to introduce said fuel material into its respective bed.
  • said air passing means comprises a perforated distribution plate supporting the bed of fuel material in each of said chambers, and means to pass air into said housing and upwardly through said plates.
  • each wall of said housing is formed by a plurality of finned tubes for circulating a heat exchange medium in a heat exchange relation to said beds.
  • said partition is formed by a plurality of finned tubes for circulating a heat exchange medium in a heat exchange relation to said beds, portions of said tubes being bent in a manner to form a plurality of slots in said partition to define said openings.
  • the heat exchanger of claim 9 further comprising a bundle of heat exchange tubes disposed in one of said beds for circulating a heat exchange medium in a heat exchange relation to said bed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US454045A 1974-03-25 1974-03-25 Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds Expired - Lifetime US3893426A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US454045A US3893426A (en) 1974-03-25 1974-03-25 Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds
CA221,509A CA1002935A (en) 1974-03-25 1975-03-07 Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds
ES435910A ES435910A1 (es) 1974-03-25 1975-03-22 Cambiador de calor que utiliza lechos fluidificados adya- centes.
GB1217075A GB1466813A (en) 1974-03-25 1975-03-24 System for generating heat
JP3523975A JPS541263B2 (da) 1974-03-25 1975-03-24

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US454045A US3893426A (en) 1974-03-25 1974-03-25 Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds

Publications (1)

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US3893426A true US3893426A (en) 1975-07-08

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US454045A Expired - Lifetime US3893426A (en) 1974-03-25 1974-03-25 Heat exchanger utilizing adjoining fluidized beds

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US (1) US3893426A (da)
JP (1) JPS541263B2 (da)
CA (1) CA1002935A (da)
ES (1) ES435910A1 (da)
GB (1) GB1466813A (da)

Cited By (69)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4052140A (en) * 1975-05-28 1977-10-04 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Method of and apparatus for generating a hot gas
FR2373014A1 (fr) * 1976-12-01 1978-06-30 Ducon Co Procede et installation pour produire de la vapeur
DE2804073A1 (de) * 1977-01-31 1978-08-10 William Benedict Johnson Wirbelschicht-verbrennungs- und waermeuebertragungsvorrichtung sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer solchen vorrichtung
FR2389831A1 (da) * 1977-05-02 1978-12-01 Appa Thermal Exchanges Ltd
FR2406159A1 (fr) * 1977-08-19 1979-05-11 Flameless Furnaces Ltd Perfectionnements a l'alimentation de materiaux pour des equipements de combustion en lit fluidise
US4154197A (en) * 1977-09-19 1979-05-15 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Packaged fluidized bed steam generator
US4173950A (en) * 1978-07-03 1979-11-13 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Coal fired fluid bed module for a single elevation style fluid bed power plant
US4177765A (en) * 1978-08-14 1979-12-11 The Babcock & Wilcox Co. Output control for fluidized bed boilers
US4184438A (en) * 1978-01-05 1980-01-22 Foster Wheeler Development Corporation Fluidized bed start-up apparatus
US4210491A (en) * 1976-11-01 1980-07-01 Tosco Corporation Method and apparatus for retorting a substance containing organic matter
US4232633A (en) * 1977-05-09 1980-11-11 Chambert Lars A A Process and reactor for conducting exothermal reactions in a circulating fluidized bed
US4240377A (en) * 1978-01-19 1980-12-23 Johnson William B Fluidized-bed compact boiler and method of operation
US4249472A (en) * 1976-03-12 1981-02-10 Mitchell Douglas A Thermal reactors
US4253425A (en) * 1979-01-31 1981-03-03 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Internal dust recirculation system for a fluidized bed heat exchanger
US4270468A (en) * 1978-05-31 1981-06-02 Deborah Fluidised Combustion Limited Disposal of waste products by combustion
DE3004847A1 (de) * 1980-02-09 1981-08-20 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach Dampferzeuger mit einer wirbelschichtfeuerung
EP0045890A1 (de) * 1980-08-09 1982-02-17 Bergwerksverband GmbH Wirbelbett-Feuerung
US4338887A (en) * 1979-09-27 1982-07-13 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Low profile fluid bed heater or vaporizer
US4363292A (en) * 1980-10-27 1982-12-14 A. Ahlstrom Osakeyhtio Fluidized bed reactor
US4367598A (en) * 1979-06-25 1983-01-11 Waagner-Biro Aktiengesellschaft Thermal treatment apparatus for bulk material
US4419966A (en) * 1981-02-27 1983-12-13 Ems Thermplant Limited Fluidized bed combustion
DE3244709A1 (de) * 1982-12-03 1984-06-07 Buderus Ag, 6330 Wetzlar Wirbelschichtfeuerung
US4479458A (en) * 1983-10-03 1984-10-30 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Hexagonal pressurized fluidized bed reactor
US4480557A (en) * 1981-12-23 1984-11-06 Hochmuth Frank W Steam generator with integral down-draft dryer
US4492040A (en) * 1980-11-20 1985-01-08 A/S Niro Atomizer Method and apparatus for drying a pulverulent or particulate product
US4502397A (en) * 1983-08-15 1985-03-05 Hochmuth Frank W Pre-drying fuel in steam generator with integral down-draft dryer
US4538549A (en) * 1982-03-15 1985-09-03 Studsvik Energiteknik Ab Fast fluidized bed boiler and a method of controlling such a boiler
US4539939A (en) * 1981-12-15 1985-09-10 Johnson William B Fluidized bed combustion apparatus and method
US4542716A (en) * 1983-06-21 1985-09-24 Creusot-Loire Fluidized bed compact boiler
US4594967A (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-06-17 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Circulating solids fluidized bed reactor and method of operating same
US4617877A (en) * 1985-07-15 1986-10-21 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed steam generator and method of generating steam with flyash recycle
US4648353A (en) * 1985-05-31 1987-03-10 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Fluidized sand expansion joint
US4694758A (en) * 1986-12-16 1987-09-22 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Segmented fluidized bed combustion method
JPS63108109A (ja) * 1986-10-27 1988-05-13 Ebara Corp 熱回収装置の伝熱面
US4753180A (en) * 1986-01-21 1988-06-28 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Method of stable combustion for a fluidized bed incinerator
US4756360A (en) * 1987-03-25 1988-07-12 Riley Stoker Corporation Fluidized bed heat exchanger
US4823712A (en) * 1985-12-18 1989-04-25 Wormser Engineering, Inc. Multifuel bubbling bed fluidized bed combustor system
US4829912A (en) * 1988-07-14 1989-05-16 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Method for controlling the particulate size distributions of the solids inventory in a circulating fluidized bed reactor
US4860693A (en) * 1986-08-28 1989-08-29 Asea Stal Ab Method in fluidized bed combustion
US4896717A (en) * 1987-09-24 1990-01-30 Campbell Jr Walter R Fluidized bed reactor having an integrated recycle heat exchanger
US4915061A (en) * 1988-06-06 1990-04-10 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed reactor utilizing channel separators
US4955190A (en) * 1988-03-10 1990-09-11 Foster Wheeler Development Corporation Method for driving a gas turbine utilizing a hexagonal pressurized fluidized bed reactor
US4955323A (en) * 1987-07-10 1990-09-11 Foster Wheeler Usa Corporation Fired heater
US5040492A (en) * 1991-01-14 1991-08-20 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having a recycle heat exchanger with a non-mechanical solids control system
US5054436A (en) * 1990-06-12 1991-10-08 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and process for operating same
US5069171A (en) * 1990-06-12 1991-12-03 Foster Wheeler Agency Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having an integral recycle heat exchanger with a transverse outlet chamber
US5069170A (en) * 1990-03-01 1991-12-03 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having an integral recycle heat exchanger with inlet and outlet chambers
US5095854A (en) * 1991-03-14 1992-03-17 Foster Wheeler Development Corporation Fluidized bed reactor and method for operating same utilizing an improved particle removal system
US5133943A (en) * 1990-03-28 1992-07-28 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having a multicompartment external recycle heat exchanger
US5140950A (en) * 1991-05-15 1992-08-25 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having an integral recycle heat exchanger with recycle rate control and backflow sealing
US5141708A (en) * 1987-12-21 1992-08-25 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having an integrated recycle heat exchanger
US5181481A (en) * 1991-03-25 1993-01-26 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having multiple furnace sections
US5218931A (en) * 1991-11-15 1993-06-15 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed steam reactor including two horizontal cyclone separators and an integral recycle heat exchanger
US5239946A (en) * 1992-06-08 1993-08-31 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed reactor system and method having a heat exchanger
US5242662A (en) * 1989-05-18 1993-09-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Solids recycle seal system for a fluidized bed reactor
US5299532A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-04-05 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having multiple furnace and recycle sections
US5332553A (en) * 1993-04-05 1994-07-26 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Method for circulating solid material in a fluidized bed reactor
US5345896A (en) * 1993-04-05 1994-09-13 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Method and apparatus for circulating solid material in a fluidized bed reactor
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US5365889A (en) * 1992-11-13 1994-11-22 Fostyer Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed reactor and system and method utilizing same
US5463968A (en) * 1994-08-25 1995-11-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed combustion system and method having a multicompartment variable duty recycle heat exchanger
WO1996005469A1 (en) * 1994-08-17 1996-02-22 Foster Wheeler Energia Oy Fluidized bed reactor and method of operation thereof
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US20120103584A1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2012-05-03 Institute Of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences Water-cooling u-valve
EP2997307B1 (en) 2013-05-14 2017-07-05 Valmet Technologies Oy Arrangement and method in boiler using fluidized-bed technology
EP3306189A1 (en) * 2016-06-13 2018-04-11 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Circulating fluidized bed boiler with bottom-supported in-bed heat exchanger

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JPS54122432A (en) * 1978-02-06 1979-09-22 Babcock & Wilcox Ltd Fluid layer combustion apparatus
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JPS5987509U (ja) * 1982-11-30 1984-06-13 川崎重工業株式会社 流動床燃焼装置の風箱
US4619314A (en) * 1983-08-05 1986-10-28 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Device for preventing wear of heat transfer tubes in fluidized-bed boiler
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US3508506A (en) * 1968-06-13 1970-04-28 Us Interior Process and apparatus for reduction of unburned combustible in fly ash
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Cited By (88)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4052140A (en) * 1975-05-28 1977-10-04 Coal Industry (Patents) Limited Method of and apparatus for generating a hot gas
US4249472A (en) * 1976-03-12 1981-02-10 Mitchell Douglas A Thermal reactors
US4210491A (en) * 1976-11-01 1980-07-01 Tosco Corporation Method and apparatus for retorting a substance containing organic matter
FR2373014A1 (fr) * 1976-12-01 1978-06-30 Ducon Co Procede et installation pour produire de la vapeur
DE2804073A1 (de) * 1977-01-31 1978-08-10 William Benedict Johnson Wirbelschicht-verbrennungs- und waermeuebertragungsvorrichtung sowie verfahren zum betreiben einer solchen vorrichtung
US4211186A (en) * 1977-05-02 1980-07-08 Flameless Furnaces Limited Fluidized bed combusters
FR2389831A1 (da) * 1977-05-02 1978-12-01 Appa Thermal Exchanges Ltd
US4232633A (en) * 1977-05-09 1980-11-11 Chambert Lars A A Process and reactor for conducting exothermal reactions in a circulating fluidized bed
FR2406159A1 (fr) * 1977-08-19 1979-05-11 Flameless Furnaces Ltd Perfectionnements a l'alimentation de materiaux pour des equipements de combustion en lit fluidise
US4279222A (en) * 1977-08-19 1981-07-21 Flameless Furnaces Limited Feed of material to fluidized beds
US4154197A (en) * 1977-09-19 1979-05-15 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Packaged fluidized bed steam generator
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CA1002935A (en) 1977-01-04
ES435910A1 (es) 1976-12-16
JPS541263B2 (da) 1979-01-23
JPS50140371A (da) 1975-11-11
GB1466813A (en) 1977-03-09

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