US3888125A - Pump for preparing diluted liquids of predetermined degrees of dilution - Google Patents

Pump for preparing diluted liquids of predetermined degrees of dilution Download PDF

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Publication number
US3888125A
US3888125A US459614A US45961474A US3888125A US 3888125 A US3888125 A US 3888125A US 459614 A US459614 A US 459614A US 45961474 A US45961474 A US 45961474A US 3888125 A US3888125 A US 3888125A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
pipette
upstream
test tubes
blocking
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Expired - Lifetime
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US459614A
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English (en)
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El Mochida
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/08—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having tubular flexible members
    • F04B43/082—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having tubular flexible members the tubular flexible member being pressed against a wall by a number of elements, each having an alternating movement in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the tubular member and each having its own driving mechanism
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples

Definitions

  • a pump for preparing diluted liquids of a series of various degrees of predetermined dilutions comprises a tube made of a flexible and resilient material.
  • the tube opens at one end into a container of a diluting liquid and is provided at its other end with a fine charging tube.
  • At least two or more blocking devices are provided for blocking the tube, and a plurality of discharging means are provided for squeezing liquid from the tube.
  • a branch tube extends from a base portion of the first-mentioned tube and is provided at its open end with a pipette.
  • This invention relates to a pump for preparing diluted liquids with desired degrees of dilution, and more particularly to a pump which utilizes a pumping action produced by repetitive compression and blocking of certain sections of a flexible and resilient tube.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a pump for preparing diluted liquids of a series of various degrees of predetermined dilution, one after another, in test tubes, through the repetition of compressing, releasing and blocking a flexible and resilient tube at certain portions thereof.
  • the present invention involves a pumping arrangement for preparing diluted liquids of a series of various degrees of predetermined dilution in which a tube made of a flexible and resilient material opens at its up stream end into a container of diluting liquid and is provided at its other end with a fine charging tube.
  • a branch tube having a pipette at its downstream side end is branched off from the first-mentioned tube at the base portion thereof.
  • Blocking and discharging structures are provided for blocking and compressing certain portions of the first-mentioned tube along the tube length.
  • the present invention provides a pumping arrangement for preparing diluted liquids ofa series of various degrees of predetermined dilution.
  • Two sets of discharging structures are provided along the tube for pressing two parts of the tube, and the rate of length between the parts of the tube to be compressed by the respective discharging structure is varied to effect dilution.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a pumping arrangement, according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating the driving mechanism for the downstream blocking structure of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the patterns of consecu tive operations of the moving components of the pumping arrangement.
  • reference character I indicates a fixed flat plate of plastic
  • T denotes a tube made of a resilient and flexible plastic material such as silicon resin.
  • Other essential parts of the pumping arrangement of the present invention include first upstream blocking means P second upstream blocking means P discharging means P P and downstream blocking means P
  • Branching off from tube T is a branch tube T which extends upwardly therefrom through a hole H provided at a location in the flat plate I downstream of the first upstream blocking means P
  • a container FL ofa diluting liquid is supported by a stand D, as shown. The extreme upstream end of the tube T is submerged in the diluting liquid in the container FL.
  • the tube T after passing the downstream extremity of the flat plate I bends upwardly and then extends horizontally in the downstream direction. Finally, the tube bends downwardly, as shown in FIG. 2, and the extreme downstream end of the tube is connected to a fine charging tube N disposed immediately above one of the test tubes 1, arranged circumferentially on a turntable Ta, as shown in FIG. I.
  • the branch tube T after passing upwardly through the hole H, extends along a path similar to the tube T, and the downstream extremity of the branch tube T is connected to a pipette C disposed above a test tube t
  • the turntable Ta is provided with recesses for erecting the test tubes therein and the turntable is connected to a ratchet Ra through a shaft Sh.
  • the ratchet Ra is adapted to turn the turntable Ta intermittently to deliver the test tubes r pitch-by-pitch.
  • the height of the stand D is preset such that the level of the diluting liquid in the container FL will always be positioned substantially at a point halfway between the uppermost end of the upwardly by-passing portion of the branch tube T' and its lowest end even if the level is changed with consumption of the liquid.
  • the first upstream blocking means P is disposed beneath the tube T at a portion thereof which is positioned upstream of the hold H in the flat plate I.
  • the blocking means P is positioned by being sandwiched with guide plates S,S fixed on both the upstream and downstream sides thereof. Also, the blocking means P has a sharp linear edge at its uppermost end perpendicular to the tube T.
  • the upstream blocking means P moves up and down in accordance with movement of an eccentric rotor E, secured to a shaft M, such that the means P will press the tube T when it is raised up to its operative position. Pressing of the tube T stops when the means P is allowed to descend by gravity.
  • Each of the upstream blocking means P, and the downstream blocking means P is also provided at its top end with a sharp linear edge perpendicular to the tube T, as shown in FIG. 2. Each is arranged such that when raised to its operative position, it will press and block a minute portion of the tube T, and when lowered to its non-operative position, it will release the tube.
  • the discharge means P is flat at its top surface, and the length of its flat top surface is determined depending on the amount of fluid to be discharged in one operation. Thus, when the discharge means P is raised, it presses the tube T along the length thereof equal to the length of the top surface of the discharge means to discharge the fluid by an amount about equal to the fluid which is present in the compressed section of the tube T.
  • An eccentric rotor similar to that used for the first upstream blocking means P is employed for actuation of each of the upstream blocking means P,, discharge means P and downstream blocking means P
  • two interlocked eccentric rotors are used for moving the discharge means P
  • Another discharge means P is provided between the second upstream blocking means P, and the hole H.
  • This upstream discharge means P is identical in construction with the discharge means P B, and B are bars adapted for raising or lowering the fine charging tube N in accordance with movement of an eccentric rotor E, so as to lower or lift the fine tube N into or out ofa test tube.
  • One end of the bar 8, is secured at a point to the tube T above the fine tube N and the other end G, of the bar is fixed to serve as a fixed fulcrum.
  • a point G joined to the bar B, is arranged to serve as a movable fulcrum.
  • the lower end of the bar 8 is secured to a ring R fitted on the eccentric rotor E so as to be movable up and down while sliding on the surface of the rotor E, in accordance with rotation thereof thereby providing an up and down movement to the bar 8,.
  • Bars 8;, and B are also adapted to operate similarly to the bars B, and B with a point G, acting as a fixed fulcrum to move the pipette C up and down.
  • a point G acting as a fixed fulcrum to move the pipette C up and down.
  • a bar B, attached to an eccentric rotor E is moved up and down such that when the bar B is raised up it touches the bar B, to inhibit further descent of the pipette C.
  • Ratchet Ra is adapted to turn the turntable Ta intermittently by a pawl attached to a bar B in accordance with movement of an eccentric rotor E, so as to deliver one by one the test tubes t arranged upright on the turntable.
  • a driving mechanism is shown for moving the downstream blocking means P up and down through the medium of an eccentric rotor E,.
  • F indicates chains
  • H,, 1,, 1,, K, and L denote sprockets having the same diameter and the same number of teeth.
  • the sprockets H are connected to a reduction motor through a shaft 0 so as to maintain a constant speed throughout operation of the present apparatus.
  • L,, J, and L are guide sprockets adapted to support the chains which move in accordance with rotation of the sprockets H,.
  • a shaft M passes through the sprockets K, and the eccentric rotor E,.
  • the eccentric rotor E is secured to the shaft M, but since the sprockets K, are not secured thereto, they are always idling in accordance with movement of the chains. Also mounted fixedly on the shaft M, and in contact with the sprockets K, is another sprocket N, which is the same in diameter as the sprocket K, but which is devoid of teeth except for a pair of diametrically opposed teeth.
  • the chains F have proturberances located at desired positions thereon. These protuberances move with movement of the chains and are arranged such that when one of the protuberances arrives at a location touching a tooth of the sprocket N the former pushes the latter to allow it to turn 180 thereby causing the eccentric rotor E, to also turn [80 through the shaft M,.
  • the eccentric rotor E is set to normally keep the downstream blocking means P in its nonoperative position and if the sprocket N is secured to the shaft M with its teeth properly orientated.
  • Similar driving means are also provided separately to the respective eccentric rotors E, to E,, adapted for operating the associated means P P P,, P P N, C and Ra. All of these driving means are rotated synchronously with the sprockets 11, through the respective sprockets H, to H,, which are secured to the same shaft 0.
  • the respective sprockets H, to H,, associated with the eccentric rotors E, to E, are connected with other sprockets l,, 1,, l(,, L,; I .1 K,., L,; l,,, J,,, K,,, L,,, by the individually same chains.
  • respective sprockets l, to l, are also coaxial with one another as all the sprockets H, to H,, are secured to the same shaft 0, so that even if the positions of the sprockets K, to K,, are different from one another, all of the chains are equal in length. Therefore, if protuberances are located at desired locations not only on the chain F, but also on other chains, it is possible to operate the respective blocking means P P,, P,,, the discharge means P P the pipette C, the fine charging tube N and the ratchet Ra with the rotation of the shaft 0 at desired timing in desired sequences in one cycle of operation. It is of course possible to repeat such cycle of operation continuously.
  • a part of the branch tube T is closed by pinching it with the fingers, for example, and then the apparatus is run whereby the means P,. P and P are actuated to operate as a pump in the manner described below.
  • the upstream blocking means P, discharge means P and downstream blocking means P are closed one after another in the above-described order and the upstream blocking means P, and the discharge means P are opened, whereby the liquid in the container FL is induced out to flow down into the tube T from its upstream to downstream side filling the portion of the tube T above the discharge means P.
  • the upstream blocking means P is closed simultaneously with opening of the downstream blocking means P, and then the discharge means P is operated to cause the liquid in the tube portion above the discharge means P to flow further downstream of the tube T. In this way, a predetermined amount of liquid is fed from the upstream side to the downstream side of the tube T.
  • test tubes t I I are set on the turntable in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 with the leading test tube t alone being filled with a solution of specimen, thus completing preparation for the operation.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatical graph showing the operations of the respective components of the pump arrangement. It will be noted that one cycle of operation consists of 27 steps of continuous motions.
  • the numerical figures arranged horizontally represent the respective step numbers, and the bent cross lines for the respective stages of P P C signify the pattern of motions of the respective components. That is, the line section extending along the raised level shows that the associated component is in its raised position, and the line section extending along the low level shows that the associated component is in its lowered postion.
  • the upward or downward level section of each line indicates that the associated component is being raised or lowered correspondingly.
  • the line for the pipette C alone has a middle level section which shows that although the end of the pipette C is inserted into the test tube, the pipette end is maintained at a height spaced from the liquid level in the test tube.
  • Adjustment of this height of the pipette end is made with operation of the bar B shown in FIG. 2, but such operation of the bar 3;, is not shown in FIG. 4.
  • An arrow mark in the column ofTa in FIG. 4 signifies that the turntable Ta mades a step of turning motion at the step denoted with the arrow mark.
  • the downstream blocking means P is raised to block the downstream side of the tube T.
  • the first upstream blocking means P is raised to block an endmost upstream portion of the tube T and at the same time the upstream blocking means P is lowered thus completing preparation for pipetting with the pipette C.
  • the upstream discharge means P is pushed up to raise the liquid level in the branch tube T' thereby discharging air in the pipette C by an amount corresponding to the amount of compression given to the tube T by the upstream discharge means P No. 9
  • the pipette C is inserted into the specimencontaining test tube t to a point close to the bottom thereof.
  • the upstream discharge means P repeats its up and down movements to mix the specimen in the test tube
  • Such a mixing-bystirring step is unnecessary in the first cycle since the specimen per se in the test tube t is initially homogeneous, but in the second and succeeding cycles such a mixing-by-stirring step is required continuously to mix the diluting liquid and specimen.
  • the turntable Ta is turned to bring the test tube to the position beneath the fine tube N and the test tube 1, to the position beneath the pipette C.
  • the present invention makes use of the phenomenon that if a tube made of a flexible and resilient material such as silicon resin is pressed along a certain length thereof on a flat plate, the liquid in the tube is discharged out with extremely high accuracy in amount. Also when such pressing is removed, the liquid is drawn into the tube with high accuracy in amount.
  • the means for blocking the tube or the means for pressing it along a certain length thereof are operated in a predetermined order to produce a pumping or pipetting action in cooperation with the tube. Also, if desired, such pumping or pipetting operation may be inversely effected, so that it is possible to obtain a pump for preparing dilute liquids of a series of various degrees of predetermined dilutionsr What is claimed is:
  • a pumping arrangement for preparing diluted liquids of a series of various degrees of predetermined dilution comprising a main tube of flexible and resilient material open at its extreme upstream end into a container of diluting liquid and its other end terminating with a fine charging tube, a branch tube extending from a base portion of the main tube provided at its extreme downstream end with a pipette.
  • first upstream blocking means connected to block the main tube at a location upstream from the point of connection of the branch tube, second upstream from the point of connection of the branch tube, second upstream blocking means located downstream from the point of connection of the branch tube for blocking the main tube, and discharge means located adjacent the second upstream blocking means for pressing the main tube along a predetermined length thereof, and driving means for feeding test tubes successively one by one to the positions immediately below the pipette and the fine charging tube.
  • a pumping arrangement as in claim 1 wherein a turntable is disposed below the pipette and the fine charging tube, the turntable carrying thereon a plurality of test tubes arranged equidistantly along the same circumference, and means for rotating the turntable step by step corresponding to the pitch of the array of the test tubes.
  • a pumping arrangement as in claim 1 including driving means (l) for operating the blocking means and the discharging means, (2) for raising and lowering the fine charging tube and the pipette, and (3) for rotating the test tubes all in predetermined sequence to thereby prepare in the test tubes the dilute liquids of a series of various degrees of predetermined dilution.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
US459614A 1973-04-10 1974-04-10 Pump for preparing diluted liquids of predetermined degrees of dilution Expired - Lifetime US3888125A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP48040542A JPS49127207A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-10 1973-04-10

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US3888125A true US3888125A (en) 1975-06-10

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US459614A Expired - Lifetime US3888125A (en) 1973-04-10 1974-04-10 Pump for preparing diluted liquids of predetermined degrees of dilution

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US (1) US3888125A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS49127207A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA993313A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2417323A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1437552A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3990313A (en) * 1973-11-23 1976-11-09 Bjoerklund K B Method and apparatus for serial dilutions
US3998103A (en) * 1973-11-23 1976-12-21 Bjoerklund K B Metering apparatus and method
US5453246A (en) * 1992-09-18 1995-09-26 Mitsubishi Yuka Bio-Clinical Laboratories, Inc. Dispensing apparatus
US6599755B1 (en) * 1999-04-27 2003-07-29 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for applying small quantities of liquid
DE102007010412A1 (de) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-14 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Dosieren von Flüssigkeiten in gasgefüllte Räume

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS587787B2 (ja) * 1975-05-22 1983-02-12 カブシキガイシヤ タカサカコウゾウセツケイジムシヨ プレキヤストコンクリ−トバンノ セツゴウホウホウ
FR2931942B1 (fr) 2008-05-30 2011-03-04 Aes Chemunex Appareil de dilution d'un echantillon.

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3437447A (en) * 1966-04-08 1969-04-08 Bausch & Lomb Automatic liquid mixing apparatus
US3681030A (en) * 1970-08-19 1972-08-01 Samuel Natelson Hand automatic sampler and diluter
US3712144A (en) * 1971-03-10 1973-01-23 Lilly Co Eli Automated system for performing sample measurement, dilutions and photometric measurements
US3736099A (en) * 1969-02-05 1973-05-29 Medinova Ab Pipetting device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3437447A (en) * 1966-04-08 1969-04-08 Bausch & Lomb Automatic liquid mixing apparatus
US3736099A (en) * 1969-02-05 1973-05-29 Medinova Ab Pipetting device
US3681030A (en) * 1970-08-19 1972-08-01 Samuel Natelson Hand automatic sampler and diluter
US3712144A (en) * 1971-03-10 1973-01-23 Lilly Co Eli Automated system for performing sample measurement, dilutions and photometric measurements

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3990313A (en) * 1973-11-23 1976-11-09 Bjoerklund K B Method and apparatus for serial dilutions
US3998103A (en) * 1973-11-23 1976-12-21 Bjoerklund K B Metering apparatus and method
US5453246A (en) * 1992-09-18 1995-09-26 Mitsubishi Yuka Bio-Clinical Laboratories, Inc. Dispensing apparatus
US6599755B1 (en) * 1999-04-27 2003-07-29 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for applying small quantities of liquid
DE102007010412A1 (de) * 2007-02-13 2008-08-14 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Dosieren von Flüssigkeiten in gasgefüllte Räume
US20100059549A1 (en) * 2007-02-13 2010-03-11 Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG Apparatus and method for dosing of liquids in gas filled spaces
DE102007010412B4 (de) * 2007-02-13 2020-07-30 Endress+Hauser Conducta Gmbh+Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Dosieren von Flüssigkeiten in gasgefüllte Räume

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS49127207A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-05
DE2417323A1 (de) 1974-10-31
GB1437552A (en) 1976-05-26
CA993313A (en) 1976-07-20

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