US3887978A - Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die - Google Patents

Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die Download PDF

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Publication number
US3887978A
US3887978A US459161A US45916174A US3887978A US 3887978 A US3887978 A US 3887978A US 459161 A US459161 A US 459161A US 45916174 A US45916174 A US 45916174A US 3887978 A US3887978 A US 3887978A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
punch
die
counter punch
bevel gear
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US459161A
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English (en)
Inventor
Fritz Dohmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KM Kabelmetal AG
Original Assignee
KM Kabelmetal AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KM Kabelmetal AG filed Critical KM Kabelmetal AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3887978A publication Critical patent/US3887978A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00—Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49462—Gear making
    • Y10T29/49467—Gear shaping
    • Y10T29/49474—Die-press shaping

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Bevel gear is made by cold forming of a cylindrical blank in a die, using a press punch and a counter punch, and wherein the die cavity is extended cylindrically with gear like cross-section corresponding to the smallest gear diameter portion of the bevel gear.
  • the counter punch is initially in a receded disposition so that some material of the blank is extruded into the tooth impressions of the die cavity extension.
  • the die is resiliently supported in relation to the counter punch so that in the last phases of press forming, the counter punch pushes the material from the cavity extension into the cavity proper for completely filling the tooth impressions in the die wherein the small diameter portion of the bevel gear is formed.
  • the present invention relates to the making of bevel gear without cutting or other kinds of machining, and more particularly the invention relates to improvements in the making of such bevel gear from steel blanks using a press die, a punch and a counter punch.
  • the die has the tendency to changes in shape, contour and dimensions as a result of resilient reaction against the forcing-in of the cold-flowing material. In order to obtain accurate dimensions for the bevel gear that is being made, such changes are to be avoided, so that the forces exerted here should be as low as possible.
  • German Pat. No. 1,048,766 has proposed a combination of warm forging with local heating of the blank.
  • the die cavity with an axial extension corresponding to the smallest bevel gear diameter and with similar cross-sectional contour and impressions; the counter punch has a corresponding contour and moves in this cavity extension.
  • the counter punch is, receded initially from the plane in the die cavity defining the smallest diameter of the bevel gear to be made so that some material flows and is made available above the counter punch; this material is subsequently pushed by the counter punch into the small diameter portions of the die impression.
  • the cylindrical blank is placed onto the counter punch, and in the beginning of the deforming process some material flows into teeth defining cavities of the die cavity extension. That material is pushed up in the last phases of the process to fill the small diameter portions of the bevel teeth defining impressions of the die proper.
  • the press die is resiliently supported relative to the counter punch, so that in the last phases of press punch advance, when the re sistance of the deforming blank becomes quite large, the resilient support will be overcome forcing the die down on the counter punch support so that the counter punch advances in the die cavity to obtain the filling of the small diameter cavity zone as far as the teeth defming extremities in the die cavity are concerned.
  • the resilient support is preferably established by cup springs but hydraulic cylinders with pressure dependent displacement of pistons can be used.
  • the resilient reaction must be such that the counter punch is advanced only in the final phases of forming process.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a die with punch and counter punch, to one side of the center axis through those tools, and prior to the beginning of forming a bevel gear in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a similar section in complementary fashion, to the other side of the center axis, with the tool parts shown in the end of the bevel gear forming process, the Figures being drawn in horizontal alignment.
  • the Figures show a press die 1 with a mold cavity having tapering ridges 2 for establishing the bevel gear impression, forming in particular the grooves between the teeth of the bevel gear to be made by the die between the ridges 2.
  • the line 2a denotes the bottom of the die cavity proper. This bottom is situated in the plane in which the smallest diameter of the bevel gear is going to be formed and established.
  • the die cavity is continued below plane 219 in a second cavity 3 of star shaped cross-section corresponding to the smallest tooth circle of the bevel gear.
  • the cross-section of cavity 3 corresponds to an axial projection of the smallest gear dimensions of the cavity 1a
  • the cavity 3 continues the smallest gear forming impressions of the bevel gear die.
  • the cavity or space 3 has cross-section of a gear but is uniform in axial direction, i.e., it is cylindrical in the general sense and receives the counter punch 4 having gear shaped cross-section with teeth 5 running in the longitudinal grooves of the cavity 3.
  • Counter punch 4 has slide fit in cavity 3 and sits on a thrust block or support 11.
  • the die 1 is received in a die holder 12 which in turn sits on a support 13.
  • An ejector 21 is slidably disposed inside of counter punch 4 and traverses also block 11 for external operation at the end of a forming step.
  • the assembly 1, 12, 13 and particularly support 13 does not sit directly on block 11, but resilient elements 6 such as plate or cup springs are interposed.
  • Connecting bolts 14 are threaded in support 13 and run in corresponding bores in the block 11.
  • a collar on each bolt restricts upward displacement of the assembly 1, l2, 13.
  • the spring elements 6 may be biased so that the assembly is indeed tightened to some extent.
  • FIG. 1 shows the upper end-face 4a of counter punch 4 below plane 2a, which separates cavity 1a from cavity 3.
  • a cylindrical work or blank 8 has been inserted and rests on the counter punch.
  • the lower end of blank 8 extends below bottom plane 2a of die cavity la.
  • the grooves of cavity 3 above the upper end of the teeth 5 of counter punch 4 are empty, the space is denoted by 7 and actually consists of individual groove portions along the upper periphery of cavity 3, above punch 4 and bounded and separated from each other by the outer, lower periph cry of cylindrical blank 8.
  • the press punch 9 is disposed above the blank. Blank 8 is inserted in a recess 9a bounded by an annular shoulder 9b having outer dimension to cover the largest diameter of the bevel gear defining cavity 10.
  • press punch 9 is lowered and blank 8 is deformed and begins cold extrusion flow into available flow space. Since the upper end-face 4a is the only surface offering resistance (in addition to the punch itself) the metal of the blank flows radially outwardly.
  • the upper portions of the die cavity are available for receiving radially outwardly spreading material, offering no flow resistance during the first phases of punch advance.
  • the upper part of die cavity 10 including the large diameter portion of the tooth defining peripheral extremities in the die cavity, are filled with flowing material from above as well as through radial flow.
  • the assembly 1, 12 and 13 is forced down.
  • the resistance of the material of the blank against plastic deformation, when in abutment with the oblique impressions of the die is larger than the resilient reaction of elements 6, so that assembly 1, 12, 13 is forced down until a shoulder 13a of support 13 sits on a shoulder 11a of block 11.
  • the material which flowed into spaces 7 is forced up, and that operation of the counter punch ensures complete filling of the tooth defining impressions of smallest diameter in the die cavity 1a, particularly, in and above plane 2a.
  • the end state of press forming as shown in FIG. 2 finds front end 4a of counter punch 4 situated in plane 2a.
  • the material that had flown previously into spaces 7 has been completely removed therefrom into the small diameter zone of die cavity 1a.
  • the dimensions of the blank 8 have been chosen so that the annular end-face 9b of punch 9 can rest (or almost rest) on the projections 2b in the upper part of die 1 which establish the bevel gear grooves.
  • the forming process is then completed.
  • the spaces 7 have been selected so that the amount of blank material that will flow into them by cold extrusion corresponds to the material needed in the region of smallest bevel gear diameter. The development of excess material should be avoided as such material could flow into the gap between die and counter punch and bind the latter (not necessarily during the current run, but for the next one in preparation of which counter punch 4 must be receded).
  • the axial dimensions of spaces 7 can be accurately adjusted as bolts 14 may have the function of adjustment spindles due to their threading into support 13.
  • punch 9 is retracted, and ejector 21 pushes the bevel gear out of the die cavity.
  • an apparatus for forming bevel gear including a die with bevel gear forming die cavity, a punch acting from the side of largest diameter of the die cavity and a counter punch acting from the side of smallest diameter, the improvement, comprising:
US459161A 1973-04-21 1974-04-08 Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die Expired - Lifetime US3887978A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2320336A DE2320336B2 (de) 1973-04-21 1973-04-21 Vorrichtung zur spanlosen Herstellung von Kegelzahnrädern aus Metallrohteilen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3887978A true US3887978A (en) 1975-06-10

Family

ID=5878853

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US459161A Expired - Lifetime US3887978A (en) 1973-04-21 1974-04-08 Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3887978A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5726852B2 (xx)
AR (1) AR198360A1 (xx)
AT (1) AT329354B (xx)
BE (1) BE810832A (xx)
BR (1) BR7403172D0 (xx)
CH (1) CH565602A5 (xx)
DE (1) DE2320336B2 (xx)
FR (1) FR2226229B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1411365A (xx)
IT (1) IT1008917B (xx)
NL (1) NL7401997A (xx)
SE (1) SE396894B (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4050283A (en) * 1974-06-20 1977-09-27 Bayerisches Leichtmetallwerk Graf Blucher Von Wahlstatt Kg Method and apparatus for forging bevel gears
DE2927135B1 (de) * 1979-07-05 1980-09-11 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kegelzahnraedern
US4275924A (en) * 1978-08-07 1981-06-30 Keiper Automobiltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Hinge mount having a wobble gear adjuster for a tiltable seat back of a motor vehicle seat
US20030198893A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-10-23 Yasuhito Oshima Photopolymerizable lithographic printing plate
US20040192488A1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-09-30 Prucher Stephen L. Method of manufacturing net-shaped gears for a dfiferential assembly
US20090255316A1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Shinichi Murata Trim and Pierce Press Assembly and Method of Use
CN111659842A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-15 四川工程职业技术学院 一种变截面钛合金框类锻件模锻加工方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2927192C2 (de) * 1979-07-05 1981-04-23 Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover Vorrichtung zum splanlosen Herstellen von metallischen Kegelzahnrädern
DE3203438A1 (de) * 1982-02-02 1983-08-11 Motomak Motorenbau, Maschinen- u. Werkzeugfabrik, Konstruktionen GmbH, 8070 Ingolstadt Verfahren zur herstellung einer metallmuffe aus einem zylindrischen rohrabschnitt
JPS6135000A (ja) * 1984-07-26 1986-02-19 松下電器産業株式会社 電子部品の挿入方法
CN112756535B (zh) * 2020-12-21 2022-06-14 苏州市吴中喷丝板有限公司 一种异形截面超细电解电极锻挤模具及成型工艺

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2964838A (en) * 1955-07-26 1960-12-20 Bluecher Wahlstatt Leichtmet Method of pressing bevel gear wheels and the like from steel
US3258834A (en) * 1964-02-13 1966-07-05 Prec Forge Company High energy rate forging method
US3731516A (en) * 1970-07-09 1973-05-08 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Method for making bevel gear
US3757558A (en) * 1973-01-16 1973-09-11 American Can Co Apparatus for necking-in tubular members

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7211539U (xx) * 1973-03-08 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gmbh
US2202324A (en) * 1938-12-28 1940-05-28 American Screw Co Method and apparatus for heading screw blanks or the like
DE906883C (de) * 1941-11-07 1954-03-18 Fritz Bernhard Hatebur Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formstuecken, wie Platinen
DE1048766B (xx) * 1955-07-26 1959-01-15
FR1500807A (fr) * 1966-04-19 1967-11-10 Bauche Ets Procédé et outillage pour la fabrication de pièces annulaires à section en u
NL6710350A (xx) * 1966-09-19 1968-03-20
DE6805687U (de) * 1968-11-07 1970-10-08 Trw Inc Gesenkschmiede
GB1226889A (xx) * 1969-02-01 1971-03-31
DE2260641A1 (de) * 1972-12-12 1974-06-20 Qualitaets Und Edelstahl Kom R Werkzeug zum gratlosen schmieden von rotationssymmetrischen werkstuecken mit am umfang angeordneten nebenformelementen, insbesondere geradverzahnte stirnraeder

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2964838A (en) * 1955-07-26 1960-12-20 Bluecher Wahlstatt Leichtmet Method of pressing bevel gear wheels and the like from steel
US3258834A (en) * 1964-02-13 1966-07-05 Prec Forge Company High energy rate forging method
US3731516A (en) * 1970-07-09 1973-05-08 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Method for making bevel gear
US3757558A (en) * 1973-01-16 1973-09-11 American Can Co Apparatus for necking-in tubular members

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4050283A (en) * 1974-06-20 1977-09-27 Bayerisches Leichtmetallwerk Graf Blucher Von Wahlstatt Kg Method and apparatus for forging bevel gears
US4275924A (en) * 1978-08-07 1981-06-30 Keiper Automobiltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Hinge mount having a wobble gear adjuster for a tiltable seat back of a motor vehicle seat
DE2927135B1 (de) * 1979-07-05 1980-09-11 Kabel Metallwerke Ghh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kegelzahnraedern
US20030198893A1 (en) * 2001-09-21 2003-10-23 Yasuhito Oshima Photopolymerizable lithographic printing plate
US20040192488A1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-09-30 Prucher Stephen L. Method of manufacturing net-shaped gears for a dfiferential assembly
US6981324B2 (en) * 2003-03-26 2006-01-03 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. Method of manufacturing net-shaped gears for a differential assembly
US20060079367A1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2006-04-13 Prucher Stephen L Net-shaped gears for a differential assembly
EP1462679A3 (en) * 2003-03-26 2007-09-05 American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. Method of manufacturing net-shaped gears for a differential assembly
US20090255316A1 (en) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Shinichi Murata Trim and Pierce Press Assembly and Method of Use
US8069698B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2011-12-06 Musashi Seimitsu Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Trim and pierce press assembly and method of use
CN111659842A (zh) * 2020-05-27 2020-09-15 四川工程职业技术学院 一种变截面钛合金框类锻件模锻加工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA138474A (de) 1975-07-15
CH565602A5 (xx) 1975-08-29
IT1008917B (it) 1976-11-30
FR2226229A1 (xx) 1974-11-15
JPS5047861A (xx) 1975-04-28
SE396894B (sv) 1977-10-10
AT329354B (de) 1976-05-10
DE2320336C3 (xx) 1987-04-16
JPS5726852B2 (xx) 1982-06-07
BR7403172D0 (pt) 1974-12-03
DE2320336B2 (de) 1980-02-21
FR2226229B1 (xx) 1978-01-06
AR198360A1 (es) 1974-06-14
GB1411365A (en) 1975-10-22
DE2320336A1 (de) 1974-11-07
NL7401997A (xx) 1974-10-23
BE810832A (fr) 1974-05-29

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