US3887978A - Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die - Google Patents
Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3887978A US3887978A US459161A US45916174A US3887978A US 3887978 A US3887978 A US 3887978A US 459161 A US459161 A US 459161A US 45916174 A US45916174 A US 45916174A US 3887978 A US3887978 A US 3887978A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- punch
- die
- counter punch
- bevel gear
- cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49462—Gear making
- Y10T29/49467—Gear shaping
- Y10T29/49474—Die-press shaping
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Bevel gear is made by cold forming of a cylindrical blank in a die, using a press punch and a counter punch, and wherein the die cavity is extended cylindrically with gear like cross-section corresponding to the smallest gear diameter portion of the bevel gear.
- the counter punch is initially in a receded disposition so that some material of the blank is extruded into the tooth impressions of the die cavity extension.
- the die is resiliently supported in relation to the counter punch so that in the last phases of press forming, the counter punch pushes the material from the cavity extension into the cavity proper for completely filling the tooth impressions in the die wherein the small diameter portion of the bevel gear is formed.
- the present invention relates to the making of bevel gear without cutting or other kinds of machining, and more particularly the invention relates to improvements in the making of such bevel gear from steel blanks using a press die, a punch and a counter punch.
- the die has the tendency to changes in shape, contour and dimensions as a result of resilient reaction against the forcing-in of the cold-flowing material. In order to obtain accurate dimensions for the bevel gear that is being made, such changes are to be avoided, so that the forces exerted here should be as low as possible.
- German Pat. No. 1,048,766 has proposed a combination of warm forging with local heating of the blank.
- the die cavity with an axial extension corresponding to the smallest bevel gear diameter and with similar cross-sectional contour and impressions; the counter punch has a corresponding contour and moves in this cavity extension.
- the counter punch is, receded initially from the plane in the die cavity defining the smallest diameter of the bevel gear to be made so that some material flows and is made available above the counter punch; this material is subsequently pushed by the counter punch into the small diameter portions of the die impression.
- the cylindrical blank is placed onto the counter punch, and in the beginning of the deforming process some material flows into teeth defining cavities of the die cavity extension. That material is pushed up in the last phases of the process to fill the small diameter portions of the bevel teeth defining impressions of the die proper.
- the press die is resiliently supported relative to the counter punch, so that in the last phases of press punch advance, when the re sistance of the deforming blank becomes quite large, the resilient support will be overcome forcing the die down on the counter punch support so that the counter punch advances in the die cavity to obtain the filling of the small diameter cavity zone as far as the teeth defming extremities in the die cavity are concerned.
- the resilient support is preferably established by cup springs but hydraulic cylinders with pressure dependent displacement of pistons can be used.
- the resilient reaction must be such that the counter punch is advanced only in the final phases of forming process.
- FIG. 1 shows a section through a die with punch and counter punch, to one side of the center axis through those tools, and prior to the beginning of forming a bevel gear in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a similar section in complementary fashion, to the other side of the center axis, with the tool parts shown in the end of the bevel gear forming process, the Figures being drawn in horizontal alignment.
- the Figures show a press die 1 with a mold cavity having tapering ridges 2 for establishing the bevel gear impression, forming in particular the grooves between the teeth of the bevel gear to be made by the die between the ridges 2.
- the line 2a denotes the bottom of the die cavity proper. This bottom is situated in the plane in which the smallest diameter of the bevel gear is going to be formed and established.
- the die cavity is continued below plane 219 in a second cavity 3 of star shaped cross-section corresponding to the smallest tooth circle of the bevel gear.
- the cross-section of cavity 3 corresponds to an axial projection of the smallest gear dimensions of the cavity 1a
- the cavity 3 continues the smallest gear forming impressions of the bevel gear die.
- the cavity or space 3 has cross-section of a gear but is uniform in axial direction, i.e., it is cylindrical in the general sense and receives the counter punch 4 having gear shaped cross-section with teeth 5 running in the longitudinal grooves of the cavity 3.
- Counter punch 4 has slide fit in cavity 3 and sits on a thrust block or support 11.
- the die 1 is received in a die holder 12 which in turn sits on a support 13.
- An ejector 21 is slidably disposed inside of counter punch 4 and traverses also block 11 for external operation at the end of a forming step.
- the assembly 1, 12, 13 and particularly support 13 does not sit directly on block 11, but resilient elements 6 such as plate or cup springs are interposed.
- Connecting bolts 14 are threaded in support 13 and run in corresponding bores in the block 11.
- a collar on each bolt restricts upward displacement of the assembly 1, l2, 13.
- the spring elements 6 may be biased so that the assembly is indeed tightened to some extent.
- FIG. 1 shows the upper end-face 4a of counter punch 4 below plane 2a, which separates cavity 1a from cavity 3.
- a cylindrical work or blank 8 has been inserted and rests on the counter punch.
- the lower end of blank 8 extends below bottom plane 2a of die cavity la.
- the grooves of cavity 3 above the upper end of the teeth 5 of counter punch 4 are empty, the space is denoted by 7 and actually consists of individual groove portions along the upper periphery of cavity 3, above punch 4 and bounded and separated from each other by the outer, lower periph cry of cylindrical blank 8.
- the press punch 9 is disposed above the blank. Blank 8 is inserted in a recess 9a bounded by an annular shoulder 9b having outer dimension to cover the largest diameter of the bevel gear defining cavity 10.
- press punch 9 is lowered and blank 8 is deformed and begins cold extrusion flow into available flow space. Since the upper end-face 4a is the only surface offering resistance (in addition to the punch itself) the metal of the blank flows radially outwardly.
- the upper portions of the die cavity are available for receiving radially outwardly spreading material, offering no flow resistance during the first phases of punch advance.
- the upper part of die cavity 10 including the large diameter portion of the tooth defining peripheral extremities in the die cavity, are filled with flowing material from above as well as through radial flow.
- the assembly 1, 12 and 13 is forced down.
- the resistance of the material of the blank against plastic deformation, when in abutment with the oblique impressions of the die is larger than the resilient reaction of elements 6, so that assembly 1, 12, 13 is forced down until a shoulder 13a of support 13 sits on a shoulder 11a of block 11.
- the material which flowed into spaces 7 is forced up, and that operation of the counter punch ensures complete filling of the tooth defining impressions of smallest diameter in the die cavity 1a, particularly, in and above plane 2a.
- the end state of press forming as shown in FIG. 2 finds front end 4a of counter punch 4 situated in plane 2a.
- the material that had flown previously into spaces 7 has been completely removed therefrom into the small diameter zone of die cavity 1a.
- the dimensions of the blank 8 have been chosen so that the annular end-face 9b of punch 9 can rest (or almost rest) on the projections 2b in the upper part of die 1 which establish the bevel gear grooves.
- the forming process is then completed.
- the spaces 7 have been selected so that the amount of blank material that will flow into them by cold extrusion corresponds to the material needed in the region of smallest bevel gear diameter. The development of excess material should be avoided as such material could flow into the gap between die and counter punch and bind the latter (not necessarily during the current run, but for the next one in preparation of which counter punch 4 must be receded).
- the axial dimensions of spaces 7 can be accurately adjusted as bolts 14 may have the function of adjustment spindles due to their threading into support 13.
- punch 9 is retracted, and ejector 21 pushes the bevel gear out of the die cavity.
- an apparatus for forming bevel gear including a die with bevel gear forming die cavity, a punch acting from the side of largest diameter of the die cavity and a counter punch acting from the side of smallest diameter, the improvement, comprising:
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2320336A DE2320336B2 (de) | 1973-04-21 | 1973-04-21 | Vorrichtung zur spanlosen Herstellung von Kegelzahnrädern aus Metallrohteilen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3887978A true US3887978A (en) | 1975-06-10 |
Family
ID=5878853
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US459161A Expired - Lifetime US3887978A (en) | 1973-04-21 | 1974-04-08 | Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3887978A (es) |
JP (1) | JPS5726852B2 (es) |
AR (1) | AR198360A1 (es) |
AT (1) | AT329354B (es) |
BE (1) | BE810832A (es) |
BR (1) | BR7403172D0 (es) |
CH (1) | CH565602A5 (es) |
DE (1) | DE2320336B2 (es) |
FR (1) | FR2226229B1 (es) |
GB (1) | GB1411365A (es) |
IT (1) | IT1008917B (es) |
NL (1) | NL7401997A (es) |
SE (1) | SE396894B (es) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4050283A (en) * | 1974-06-20 | 1977-09-27 | Bayerisches Leichtmetallwerk Graf Blucher Von Wahlstatt Kg | Method and apparatus for forging bevel gears |
DE2927135B1 (de) * | 1979-07-05 | 1980-09-11 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kegelzahnraedern |
US4275924A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1981-06-30 | Keiper Automobiltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hinge mount having a wobble gear adjuster for a tiltable seat back of a motor vehicle seat |
US20030198893A1 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-10-23 | Yasuhito Oshima | Photopolymerizable lithographic printing plate |
US20040192488A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-09-30 | Prucher Stephen L. | Method of manufacturing net-shaped gears for a dfiferential assembly |
US20090255316A1 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-10-15 | Shinichi Murata | Trim and Pierce Press Assembly and Method of Use |
CN111659842A (zh) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-15 | 四川工程职业技术学院 | 一种变截面钛合金框类锻件模锻加工方法 |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2927192C2 (de) * | 1979-07-05 | 1981-04-23 | Kabel- und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshütte AG, 3000 Hannover | Vorrichtung zum splanlosen Herstellen von metallischen Kegelzahnrädern |
DE3203438A1 (de) * | 1982-02-02 | 1983-08-11 | Motomak Motorenbau, Maschinen- u. Werkzeugfabrik, Konstruktionen GmbH, 8070 Ingolstadt | Verfahren zur herstellung einer metallmuffe aus einem zylindrischen rohrabschnitt |
JPS6135000A (ja) * | 1984-07-26 | 1986-02-19 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 電子部品の挿入方法 |
CN112756535B (zh) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-14 | 苏州市吴中喷丝板有限公司 | 一种异形截面超细电解电极锻挤模具及成型工艺 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2964838A (en) * | 1955-07-26 | 1960-12-20 | Bluecher Wahlstatt Leichtmet | Method of pressing bevel gear wheels and the like from steel |
US3258834A (en) * | 1964-02-13 | 1966-07-05 | Prec Forge Company | High energy rate forging method |
US3731516A (en) * | 1970-07-09 | 1973-05-08 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Method for making bevel gear |
US3757558A (en) * | 1973-01-16 | 1973-09-11 | American Can Co | Apparatus for necking-in tubular members |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE7211539U (es) * | 1973-03-08 | Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Gmbh | ||
US2202324A (en) * | 1938-12-28 | 1940-05-28 | American Screw Co | Method and apparatus for heading screw blanks or the like |
DE906883C (de) * | 1941-11-07 | 1954-03-18 | Fritz Bernhard Hatebur | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formstuecken, wie Platinen |
DE1048766B (es) * | 1955-07-26 | 1959-01-15 | ||
FR1500807A (fr) * | 1966-04-19 | 1967-11-10 | Bauche Ets | Procédé et outillage pour la fabrication de pièces annulaires à section en u |
NL6710350A (es) * | 1966-09-19 | 1968-03-20 | ||
DE6805687U (de) * | 1968-11-07 | 1970-10-08 | Trw Inc | Gesenkschmiede |
GB1226889A (es) * | 1969-02-01 | 1971-03-31 | ||
DE2260641A1 (de) * | 1972-12-12 | 1974-06-20 | Qualitaets Und Edelstahl Kom R | Werkzeug zum gratlosen schmieden von rotationssymmetrischen werkstuecken mit am umfang angeordneten nebenformelementen, insbesondere geradverzahnte stirnraeder |
-
1973
- 1973-04-21 DE DE2320336A patent/DE2320336B2/de active Granted
-
1974
- 1974-01-21 CH CH75974A patent/CH565602A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-02-11 BE BE140739A patent/BE810832A/xx unknown
- 1974-02-13 NL NL7401997A patent/NL7401997A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1974-02-20 AT AT138474A patent/AT329354B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-02-20 IT IT48577/74A patent/IT1008917B/it active
- 1974-02-27 JP JP2321474A patent/JPS5726852B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-03-25 FR FR7410052A patent/FR2226229B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-04-08 AR AR253207A patent/AR198360A1/es active
- 1974-04-08 US US459161A patent/US3887978A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1974-04-18 GB GB1701574A patent/GB1411365A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-04-19 BR BR3172/74A patent/BR7403172D0/pt unknown
- 1974-04-19 SE SE7405300A patent/SE396894B/xx unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2964838A (en) * | 1955-07-26 | 1960-12-20 | Bluecher Wahlstatt Leichtmet | Method of pressing bevel gear wheels and the like from steel |
US3258834A (en) * | 1964-02-13 | 1966-07-05 | Prec Forge Company | High energy rate forging method |
US3731516A (en) * | 1970-07-09 | 1973-05-08 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Method for making bevel gear |
US3757558A (en) * | 1973-01-16 | 1973-09-11 | American Can Co | Apparatus for necking-in tubular members |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4050283A (en) * | 1974-06-20 | 1977-09-27 | Bayerisches Leichtmetallwerk Graf Blucher Von Wahlstatt Kg | Method and apparatus for forging bevel gears |
US4275924A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1981-06-30 | Keiper Automobiltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hinge mount having a wobble gear adjuster for a tiltable seat back of a motor vehicle seat |
DE2927135B1 (de) * | 1979-07-05 | 1980-09-11 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Kegelzahnraedern |
US20030198893A1 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-10-23 | Yasuhito Oshima | Photopolymerizable lithographic printing plate |
US20040192488A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-09-30 | Prucher Stephen L. | Method of manufacturing net-shaped gears for a dfiferential assembly |
US6981324B2 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2006-01-03 | American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. | Method of manufacturing net-shaped gears for a differential assembly |
US20060079367A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2006-04-13 | Prucher Stephen L | Net-shaped gears for a differential assembly |
EP1462679A3 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2007-09-05 | American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc. | Method of manufacturing net-shaped gears for a differential assembly |
US20090255316A1 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2009-10-15 | Shinichi Murata | Trim and Pierce Press Assembly and Method of Use |
US8069698B2 (en) | 2008-04-11 | 2011-12-06 | Musashi Seimitsu Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Trim and pierce press assembly and method of use |
CN111659842A (zh) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-15 | 四川工程职业技术学院 | 一种变截面钛合金框类锻件模锻加工方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE396894B (sv) | 1977-10-10 |
BR7403172D0 (pt) | 1974-12-03 |
DE2320336B2 (de) | 1980-02-21 |
BE810832A (fr) | 1974-05-29 |
AT329354B (de) | 1976-05-10 |
JPS5726852B2 (es) | 1982-06-07 |
ATA138474A (de) | 1975-07-15 |
CH565602A5 (es) | 1975-08-29 |
DE2320336A1 (de) | 1974-11-07 |
AR198360A1 (es) | 1974-06-14 |
FR2226229A1 (es) | 1974-11-15 |
FR2226229B1 (es) | 1978-01-06 |
IT1008917B (it) | 1976-11-30 |
DE2320336C3 (es) | 1987-04-16 |
GB1411365A (en) | 1975-10-22 |
NL7401997A (es) | 1974-10-23 |
JPS5047861A (es) | 1975-04-28 |
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