US3887429A - Device for untangling and dispersing fibrous materials - Google Patents
Device for untangling and dispersing fibrous materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3887429A US3887429A US338848A US33884873A US3887429A US 3887429 A US3887429 A US 3887429A US 338848 A US338848 A US 338848A US 33884873 A US33884873 A US 33884873A US 3887429 A US3887429 A US 3887429A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stator casing
- suspension
- rotor
- fluid
- rotor body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B33/00—After-treatment of single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
Definitions
- the device includes a hollow stator and at least one rotor arranged for rotation about its longitudinal axis within the stator, the stator having an inner cross-section so shaped and the cylindrical rotor having a cross-section so shaped that, in use, on rotational movement of the rotor, suspending fluid located between the stator and the rotor is subjected to shearforces which are continuously and uniformly built up and subsequently reduced again.
- the invention relates to a process and a device for untangling and dispersing predominantly fibrous materials present in fluid suspension in a tangled or inter locking form.
- a device for untangling and dispersing fibrous materials present in fluid suspension in matted and interlocking form comprising a hollow stator and at least one rotor arranged for rotation about its longitudinal axis within the stator, the stator having an inner crosssection so shaped and the cylindrical rotor having a cross-section so shaped that, in use, on rotational movement of the rotor, suspending fluid located between the stator and the rotor is subjected to shearforces which are continuously and uniformly built up and subsequently reduced again.
- a method for untangling and dispersing fibrous materials present in fluid suspension in matted and interlocking form wherein the suspension is subjected to shearforces which are continuously and uniformly built up and subsequently reduced again which, in relation to 1 metre of relative circumference, as hereinafter defined is from to 30, preferably from 18 to 22.
- the relative circumference U means that circumference of the circle which the outermost points of the rotor describe in a rotational movement of the rotor about its longitudinal axis.
- the peripheral circumferential speed of the rotor preferably is from 8 to m/sec suitably, more preferably from 14 to l7 m/sec.
- the side faces of the rotor are advantageously provided with trough-shaped recesses in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
- the stator has a generally circular inner crosssection, but advantageously has the same number of trough-shaped bulges in the direction of the longitudinal axis as the number of side faces of the rotor.
- the minimum clearance arising between stator and rotor preferably is from I to 3 mm, more preferably from l to 2 mm; the resulting maximum clearance is preferably from 8 to mm, more preferably 10 to 15
- the fibre concentration is preferably from to 500 mg/l, more preferably from 50 to 200 mg/l.
- relatively low concentrations, below I00 mg/I are used with long fibres. With relatively short fibres the concentration can be increased to over 100 mg/l without disadvantages.
- Water having a glycol content of O to 10 per cent by weight may be used as a suspension fluid.
- the present method may be used with advantage where whiskers constitute the fibrous material.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a device for the untangling and dispersion of predominantly fibrous materials present in matted and interlocking form, some internal parts of the device being shown in unbroken lines for the sake of clarity;
- FIG. 2 is a sectional side elevation of the device shown in FIG. 1',
- FIG. 3 is a sectional end elevation of the device shown in FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 4 to 6 are sectional end elevations of modifications of the device shown in FIG. 1.
- the device comprises a stator l which also acts as a casing wall.
- the inner cross-section of the stator is fundamental.
- the cross-section bounds a circle but is extended by three regularly disposed bulges 2.
- a rotor 3 is disposed within the stator l and in crosssection has a triangular shape with sharply rounded corners.
- the stator 3 is positioned towards the rear of the stator 1 (the righbhand end as viewed in FIG. I) and a space 5 is defined between the rotor and the front end of the casing.
- the rotor is arranged to rotate about its longitudinal axis, e.g. by means of an electric motor.
- First and second feed-lines 4 and 7 respectively are provided at one end of the stator casing, and an outlet 6 is provided at its other end.
- a vent 8 is provided at the top of the stator casing.
- the feed-lines 4 and 7 are provided at the front of a side of the stator casing.
- the outlet 6 may alternatively be located at the side of the stator casing or even at its front.
- More than one rotor may be provided.
- Raw material in the form of suspension consisting of matted and interlocking fibre materials suspended in a fluid is fed through the first feed-line 4 into the device. Excessively compact fibreformations are to be loosened or split up beforehand so that their free passage through the feed-line is ensured.
- the second supply-line 7 more fluid can be introduced into the device and thus in a simple manner the desired fibre concentration can be set.
- Water or water with a glycol content up to 10 percent by weight may for example be used as the suspension fluid.
- Known fluids or possible mixtures thereof can be used, depending upon the nature of the fibres to be treated, for example acetone, alcohols, or hydrocarbons.
- the aperture width, the peripheral speed of the rotor, the number of shear-cycles and the time to be spent in the shear-zones have to be chosen to suit the particular suspension fluid being used.
- the aperture width would have to be increased, and the peripheral speed of the rotor and the number of shear-cycles reduced.
- the procedure must be the reverse.
- the fluid used should be free of gas such that no foaming occurs. Gases carried over or emanating from the fluid, for example air, are removed through the vent 8.
- the space before the rotor is termed the thinning space.
- the fibre suspension is compressed through surging of the suspension into the gaps between the rotor and the stator.
- the rotor rotates about its longitudinal axis.
- the peripheral speed of the rotor calculated as the product of the rela tive circumference and speed of rotation of the rotor, is preferably between 8 and m/sec for water or for water with a low glycol content.
- the suspension emerges from the device, conveniently at the opposite end of the stator to the inlet.
- the present device enables an extremely homogenous fibre suspension to be obtained.
- a uniform and adjustable throughput can be ensured through controlled introduction of the fibre suspension and the thinning fluid.
- Conveniently a hose compression pump is used. for conveying the fibre suspension, which makes possible precise adjustment of the throughput without risk of blockage.
- the present device is particularly suitable for fibrous materials in the form of whiskers, that is to fibrous monocrystals, for example of SiC or A1 0 it is preferred when dispersing whiskers to select the dimensions of the stator and the rotor such that a minimum aperture width of l to 2 mm can be obtained between stator and rotor. Apart from a good dispersive effect this also causes a release and a certain degree of de struction of the impurities accompanying the whiskers and which are present in the form of spherical agglomerations containing the whisker components. If the whiskers are only to be re-dispersed, a minimum aperture width between stator and rotor of 2 to 3 mm is advantageous as this ensures gentler treatment of the whiskers.
- EXAMPLE A device having a stator and a rotor in accordance with the invention, with a cross-section as illustrated in FIG. 6 and having a maximum rotor diameter of lOO mm. with a resulting narrowest aperture width of 2 mm and a resulting largest aperture width of 15 mm, and having an edge-length of the rotor of I00 mm was used.
- a suspension of whiskers in a fluid was supplied through an inlet. The concentration was 5 gm of fibres to l litre of fluid. Through a second inlet, further fluid was introduced into the device as a thinning fluid. Water with a glycol content of 4 percent by weight was used as the fluid.
- the ratio of supply of fibre suspension and thinning fluid was chosen such that about to mg of whiskers were present per litre of fluid.
- the thinned suspension was forced into the zone of the rotor by the continuous supply.
- the rotor revolved at 3000 revolutions per minute and the feed-flow was adjusted such that about 400 litres of fluid were intro pokerd per minute, which resulted in individual particles being in the shear zone for an average time of 4 seconds.
- An extremely homogenous and durably stable dispersion was obtained.
- Apparatus for treatment of a suspension of matted, tangled and interlocked fibrous materials suspended in a liquid to obtain a suspension in untangled form in said fluid which comprises:
- outlet means for withdrawing a suspension of said fibrous materials in untangled form suspended in the fluid from the other end of said hollow stator casing
- a rotor body arranged for rotation about its longitudinal axis within said hollow stator casing, said hollow stator casing having an inner cross-section substantially in the form of a first regular polygon, said rotor body having an outer cross-section substantially in the form of a second regular polygon with rounded corners.
- the inscribed circle of said inner cross-section of said hollow stator casing and the circumscribed circle of said outer cross-section of said rotor body being concentric to each other, said longitudinal axis of said rotor body being ar ranged in the common center of said inscribed and said circumscribed circles. and the number of corner of said first polygon being equal to the number of corners of said second polygon.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH335872A CH535291A (de) | 1972-03-08 | 1972-03-08 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Entfilzen und Dispergieren vorwiegend faserförmiger Materialien |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3887429A true US3887429A (en) | 1975-06-03 |
Family
ID=4254246
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US338848A Expired - Lifetime US3887429A (en) | 1972-03-08 | 1973-03-07 | Device for untangling and dispersing fibrous materials |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3887429A (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS48103803A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE796391A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH535291A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE2307885A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2175177B3 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1422463A (fr) |
NL (1) | NL7303285A (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5575559A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-11-19 | Goulds Pumps, Inc. | Mixer for mixing multi-phase fluids |
US6443353B1 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2002-09-03 | Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent Gmbh | Fittings and process for producing fittings for the mechanical processing of aqueous paper stock |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1745727A (en) * | 1926-08-20 | 1930-02-04 | Sterzl Eduard | Apparatus for disintegrating, grinding, reducing to fibers, mixing, or felting humid or dry materials |
US3164513A (en) * | 1961-12-14 | 1965-01-05 | West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co | Distributor system for a paper machine headbox |
US3476641A (en) * | 1965-06-01 | 1969-11-04 | Gen Technologies Corp | High-strength single crystal whisker paper composites and laminates |
US3589977A (en) * | 1967-04-27 | 1971-06-29 | Brevets Granofibre Sebreg Soc | Method of and apparatus for imparting combined rotational,pulsatory,and circulatory movements to a suspension of fibers |
US3694312A (en) * | 1968-04-25 | 1972-09-26 | Helge Natanael Skoldkvist | Disintegrating and deflocculating device in inlet boxes or papermaking machines |
-
1972
- 1972-03-08 CH CH335872A patent/CH535291A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1973
- 1973-02-17 DE DE19732307885 patent/DE2307885A1/de active Pending
- 1973-03-07 US US338848A patent/US3887429A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-03-07 BE BE128470A patent/BE796391A/fr unknown
- 1973-03-07 GB GB1122873A patent/GB1422463A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-03-08 JP JP48026651A patent/JPS48103803A/ja active Pending
- 1973-03-08 FR FR7308305A patent/FR2175177B3/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-03-08 NL NL7303285A patent/NL7303285A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1745727A (en) * | 1926-08-20 | 1930-02-04 | Sterzl Eduard | Apparatus for disintegrating, grinding, reducing to fibers, mixing, or felting humid or dry materials |
US3164513A (en) * | 1961-12-14 | 1965-01-05 | West Virginia Pulp & Paper Co | Distributor system for a paper machine headbox |
US3476641A (en) * | 1965-06-01 | 1969-11-04 | Gen Technologies Corp | High-strength single crystal whisker paper composites and laminates |
US3589977A (en) * | 1967-04-27 | 1971-06-29 | Brevets Granofibre Sebreg Soc | Method of and apparatus for imparting combined rotational,pulsatory,and circulatory movements to a suspension of fibers |
US3694312A (en) * | 1968-04-25 | 1972-09-26 | Helge Natanael Skoldkvist | Disintegrating and deflocculating device in inlet boxes or papermaking machines |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5575559A (en) * | 1994-09-19 | 1996-11-19 | Goulds Pumps, Inc. | Mixer for mixing multi-phase fluids |
US6443353B1 (en) | 1999-05-25 | 2002-09-03 | Voith Sulzer Papiertechnik Patent Gmbh | Fittings and process for producing fittings for the mechanical processing of aqueous paper stock |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS48103803A (fr) | 1973-12-26 |
FR2175177B3 (fr) | 1976-03-05 |
DE2307885A1 (de) | 1973-09-27 |
NL7303285A (fr) | 1973-09-11 |
CH535291A (de) | 1973-03-31 |
BE796391A (fr) | 1973-07-02 |
GB1422463A (en) | 1976-01-28 |
FR2175177A1 (fr) | 1973-10-19 |
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