US3884140A - Calendar having adjustable brake means - Google Patents

Calendar having adjustable brake means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3884140A
US3884140A US455302A US45530274A US3884140A US 3884140 A US3884140 A US 3884140A US 455302 A US455302 A US 455302A US 45530274 A US45530274 A US 45530274A US 3884140 A US3884140 A US 3884140A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cylinder
roll
rolls
calendar
brake means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US455302A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Christ
Rolf Lehmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer Escher Wyss AG
Original Assignee
Escher Wyss AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Escher Wyss AG filed Critical Escher Wyss AG
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Publication of US3884140A publication Critical patent/US3884140A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/02—Bearings
    • F16C13/022—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle
    • F16C13/024—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle adjustable for positioning, e.g. radial movable bearings for controlling the deflection along the length of the roll mantle
    • F16C13/026—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle adjustable for positioning, e.g. radial movable bearings for controlling the deflection along the length of the roll mantle by fluid pressure
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
    • D06C15/02—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics between co-operating press or calender rolls
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21G—CALENDERS; ACCESSORIES FOR PAPER-MAKING MACHINES
    • D21G1/00—Calenders; Smoothing apparatus
    • D21G1/002—Opening or closing mechanisms; Regulating the pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/02—Bearings
    • F16C13/022—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle
    • F16C13/024—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle adjustable for positioning, e.g. radial movable bearings for controlling the deflection along the length of the roll mantle
    • F16C13/026—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle adjustable for positioning, e.g. radial movable bearings for controlling the deflection along the length of the roll mantle by fluid pressure
    • F16C13/028—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle adjustable for positioning, e.g. radial movable bearings for controlling the deflection along the length of the roll mantle by fluid pressure with a plurality of supports along the length of the roll mantle, e.g. hydraulic jacks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2340/00—Apparatus for treating textiles

Definitions

  • the individual brake means are constructed as threaded studs having a bore in which a piston is mounted and to which hydraulic medium can be pumped via a restricted duct.
  • the restricted duct c0- operates with a bypass valve in the hydraulic lines to allow the hydraulic medium to flow back to a reservoir from the bore upon descent of a roll.
  • the restricted duct of each brake means is adjustable relative to the return flow of medium so that the lower rolls are allowed to descent more rapidly than the upper rolls.
  • This invention relates to a calendar having a plurality of superjacent rolls which are lowered when the calendar is opened.
  • Calendars have been known in which a plurality of rolls are mounted in superjacent relation and have been provided with means to effect a separation of the rolls upon opening of the calendar.
  • Such calendars require the rolls to be opened as rapidly as possible, that is, the rolls must be removed from each other in such a way that a gap is produced between each set of rolls.
  • This involves the disadvantage that the movable rolls initially move downwardly together in a block with the upper rolls successively striking against respective stop abutments. The formation of a gap between the rolls therefore begins at the top and continues downwardly until the roll which is the second to the bottom has struck its stop abutment.
  • the invention provides a calandar having a plurality of superjacent rolls, at least some of which are movably mounted to descend upon opening of the calendar against respective stop abutments, with a plurality of individually adjustable brake means for adjusting the velocity of each roll during descent.
  • the pattern of braking is such that the lowermost rolls move at a greater descending velocity than the uppermost rolls,
  • the brake means ensure that the opening of all gaps between the rolls can commence simultaneously because of the different velocities of motion. Moreover, the brake means effect a reduction in the speed at which the rolls strike against their stop abutments so that the bearings and bearing trunnions of the individual rolls can be constructed of a smaller size than hitherto. As a result, cantilevered loads, which cause edge pressure at the roll ends, are reduced.
  • the brake means may advantageously contain a hydraulic cylinder with a piston which is sealingly guided therein and bears against a bearing part of a roll.
  • the cylinder is provided with a duct for passage of a hydraulic medium into and out of the cylinder under the piston as well as with an adjustable restrictor in the duct for throttling the flow of medium.
  • each brake means is connected to a common hydraulic feed means for delivering the hydraulic medium at a constant adjustable pressure.
  • a positive pressure to be formed in the cylinder to produce an upwardly orientated force which acts on the piston and counteracts the weight of the bearing and of the bearing trunnion at the affected roll end.
  • the pressure can be selected so that the hydraulic force that acts on the piston just compensates for the weight of the bearing and of the bearing trunnion of the affected roll. This measure eliminates the cause of edge pressure which will otherwise occur.
  • the feed means also includes a reservoir of hydraulic medium, a pump for pumping the medium from the reservoir into each duct and a bypass valve downstream of the pump for returning the medium from each duct to the reservoir upon opening of the calendar.
  • the brake means may be constructed so that the cylinder has a surface defining a limiting position of a roll when the calendar is open. Further, the cylinder can be adjustably mounted to vary this position.
  • the cylinder can be in the form of a screwthreaded stud having a bore in which the piston is guided. This measure renders any additional adjustability of the brake means superfluous because it is adjusted together with the stud. This results in a substantial simplification of the calendar.
  • a secondary brake means is provided for each movable roll for braking the descent of each roll immediately prior to completion of the descent of the affected roll.
  • This secondary brake means is formed by a closed recess in the cylinder and an extension on the piston for entering into the recess upon movement of the piston into the cylinder. This further reduces the impact forces when the rolls strike the stop abutment stud. Additional braking is made possible by virtue of the fact that the individual rolls are already spaced from each other by the action of the brake elements.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a side view in partial section of a calendar according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the gaps between the individual rolls when the calendar is open
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a sectional view through a bearing system of the roll end of one of the rolls with a hydraulic brake means according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a sectional view substantially along line IV-IV of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a hydraulic circuit diagram of the brake means of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a time-distance diagram to explain the opening operation of the calendar in accordance with the invention.
  • the calendar includes a stand 1 which may be constructed as a frame and which contains, for example, two vertical side parts 1'. Each of these side parts 1' is provided with a guide 2 on which bearing housings 3,4,5,6 of rolls 7,8,9,10 are mounted in superjacent relation.
  • the bearing housings 3-6 are adjustable along the respective guides 2 in any suitable manner and, in turn, are each provided with guides 11 in which bearing blocks 12 of the individual rolls 7-10 are guided.
  • Each bearing block 12 contains a bearing 13 in which a trunnion of a roll 7-10 is rotatably supported.
  • a support means in the form of a stop abutment screw or stud 15, is also provided in each bearing housings 3-6 to limit downward motion of the bearing blocks 12 and to support the rolls in spaced relation to each other to define gaps S of predetermined size upon opening of the calendar.
  • These stop abutment screws 15 are adjustable to vary the gaps S between the individual rolls 7-10 as shown in FIG. 2 when the calendar is open.
  • the top roll 7 is provided with a stud 15' which abuts the bearing block 12 of the roll 7 into an uppermost position as shown. This is because the uppermost roll 7 is not moved downwardly during an opening operation.
  • the calendar also has a pressure cylinder 16 which serves as a bottom roll.
  • This cylinder 16 contains a stationary support element 17 which is mounted on pedestals 18 which, in'turn, are mounted on the stand 1.
  • the cylinder also includes a roll barrel 20 which is carried on hydrostatic support elements 21 and which is rotatable about the support member 17 to support the rolls 7-10 upon closing of the calendar.
  • the hydrostatic support elements 21 are in the form of pistons which are guided in cylinder bores 22 of the support member 17.
  • a means such as a hydraulic system is connected into the bores 22.
  • This system includes a duct 23 which communicates each bore 22 with a reservoir of hydraulic medium and a pump 24 in the duct 23 for pumping the hydraulic medium into the bore 22.
  • Return ducts (not shown) are also used to return any medium which discharges from leakage points in the system to the reservoir.
  • the lifting of the support elements 21 causes the roll barrel 20 to move towards the rolls 7-10 and to lift and press the rolls 7-10 together to establish a substantially uniform line pressure between the rolls 7-10 and cylinder 16.
  • a means such as a three way valve 26 or other change over element is disposed in the duct 23 of the hydraulic system downstream of the pump 24 for venting the system.
  • the three way valve 26 enables the pump 24 to be disconnected from the cylinder bores 22 and connected to the reservoir 25.
  • the hydraulic support elements 21 descend into the lowest positions so that the calendar opens.
  • the maximum displacement of the support element 21 is greater than the sum of the possible gaps S between the individual rolls 7-10 and cylinder 16 when the calendar is open.
  • the gaps S which are assumed to be identical in the interests of simplicity, but which may also be unequal, are disposed between the rolls 7,8,9,10 and cylinder 16 (which acts as a bottom roll) when the calendar is open.
  • the gaps S are defined by adjustment of the individual stop abutment screws 15.
  • the stop abutment screw 15 of the roll 10 must be adjusted so as to permit the roll to descend by the distance 38 (FIG. 1).
  • the roll barrel 20 of the bottom roll 16 is then lowered by the amount 45. It is to be noted that these values are only examples and apply to a calendar with five rolls and identical gaps S when the calendar is open.
  • each bearing housing of the movable rolls has a stud 15 threadably mounted in the bottom.
  • Each stud 15 is provided with a brake means which is constituted by a hydraulic cylinder 30 formed by an axial bore in the stud and a piston 31 which is sealingly guided in the cylinder 30 and bears from below against the bearing block 12.
  • the cylinder 30 communicates with a hydraulic duct 33 through a port 32.
  • the top surface of the cylinder 30 also defines a limiting position for the roll 8. This surface can be varied by adjusting the position of the stud 15 in the housing 4.
  • a secondary brake means is also incorporated in the stud 15 and is formed by a recess 34 in the cylinder 30 and an extension 35 on the piston 31.
  • the extension 35 is slightly tapered so that upon plunging into the substantially cylindrical recess 34, the gap between the recess 34 and the extension 35 is progressively reduced.
  • each roll such as roll 8 has a trunnion 14 at each end which is journalled by the bearing 13 in a bearing block 12.
  • the bearing block 12 is slidably mounted between the two guides 11 as well as between side parts 38, which guide the block 12 axially of the roll axis.
  • the bearing block 12 can be constructed, for example, as described in US. Patent Application Ser. No. 455,301, filed Mar. 27, 1974.
  • the hydraulic circuit of the various brake means in the studs 15 include the respective ducts 33 which are connected to a common feed duct 44 which extends from a hydraulic feed means 45.
  • the feed means comprises a reservoir 37 of hydraulic medium and a pump 36 adapted to deliver the hydraulic medium, for example oil, from the reservoir 37.
  • the feed duct 41 also contains a bypass valve 38 downstream of the pump 36 which maintains a selected pressure in the feed duct 34 and permits the excess delivered medium to bypass through a bypass duct 40.
  • Adjustable restrictors 41 are also connected into the ducts 33 of two brake means of one roll to throttle the flow of medium.
  • the restrictors 41 of the rolls 8,9, 10 are adjusted so that the rolls which are disposed in a lower position move more rapidly than those disposed thereabove. These conditions are illustrated in the diagram of FIG. 6.
  • the individual lines which diagrammatically indicate the dropping motion of the individual rolls are provided with the reference numerals of the affected roll.
  • the roll '7 remains in its top position.
  • the roll 8 descends slowly to drop by the distance S at the time T.
  • the rolls 9 and 10 move more rapidly to traverse the distances or 35, respectively, during the same period of time.
  • the barrel 20 of the bottom roll 16 descends most rapidly to traverse the distance 45 in the same space of time.
  • gaps between all rolls already exist at an earlier time T.
  • the gaps between the individual rolls were hitherto formed progressively downwardly from above, the last gap being formed last, that is, in the present case only at the time T.
  • an adjustable brake means for adjusting the descending velocity of said roll during descent, said brake means including a hydraulic cylinder, a piston slidably mounted in said cylinder in sealed relation for abutting said roll, a duct in said cylinder for passage of a hydraulic medium into and out of said cylinder under said piston, and an adjustable restrictor in said duct for throttling the flow of hydraulic medium therethrough.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US455302A 1973-04-17 1974-03-27 Calendar having adjustable brake means Expired - Lifetime US3884140A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH545473A CH565281A5 (ru) 1973-04-17 1973-04-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3884140A true US3884140A (en) 1975-05-20

Family

ID=4293861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US455302A Expired - Lifetime US3884140A (en) 1973-04-17 1974-03-27 Calendar having adjustable brake means

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3884140A (ru)
JP (1) JPS5248644B2 (ru)
AT (1) AT322969B (ru)
CA (1) CA1006729A (ru)
CH (1) CH565281A5 (ru)
DE (1) DE2320363C3 (ru)
FI (1) FI55373C (ru)
FR (1) FR2226508B1 (ru)
GB (1) GB1457314A (ru)
IT (1) IT1006462B (ru)
SE (1) SE399918B (ru)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2806564A1 (de) * 1977-03-22 1978-09-28 Heberlein Hispano Sa Hydraulische anpressvorrichtung fuer verzugsstrecken an textilmaschinen, insbesondere streckmaschinen
US4266475A (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-05-12 Appleton Machine Company Positioning mechanism for calender rolls
US4290351A (en) * 1978-10-16 1981-09-22 Kleinewefers Gmbh Method and apparatus for rapidly separating the rolls of a calender
US4389933A (en) * 1980-02-09 1983-06-28 Kleinewefers Gmbh Calender
US4485734A (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-12-04 Appleton Machine Company Four column positioning mechanism for calender machines
US4848119A (en) * 1986-04-09 1989-07-18 Kleinewefers Gmbh System of rolls for use in calenders and like machines
US5590593A (en) * 1993-12-29 1997-01-07 Valmet Corporation Mounting arrangement for calendar rolls in a calender
US5806415A (en) * 1996-05-06 1998-09-15 Valmet Corporation Method for quick-opening a set of rolls in a calender, in particular in a supercalender, and a hydraulic system for a set of rolls in a calender, in particular a supercalender

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE394756B (sv) * 1975-08-07 1977-07-04 Ibm Svenska Ab T kopplingsarrangemang for indikeringspanel med lopande skrif
DE2845055C3 (de) * 1978-10-16 1982-04-15 Kleinewefers Gmbh, 4150 Krefeld Verfahren zum schnellen Trennen der Walzen eines Kalanders und Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung
DE2929942C3 (de) * 1979-07-24 1982-04-08 Küsters, Eduard, 4150 Krefeld Lagerungsanordnung für eine Walze
DE3610107A1 (de) * 1986-03-26 1987-10-08 Voith Gmbh J M Stellvorrichtung zum verstellen einer walze
DE3611858A1 (de) * 1986-04-09 1987-10-15 Kleinewefers Gmbh Deformationsregelwalze
FI116310B (fi) * 2000-05-10 2005-10-31 Metso Paper Inc Paperi-/kartonki- tai jälkikäsittelykoneen taipumakompensoitu tela

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US639915A (en) * 1899-09-05 1899-12-26 Farrel Foundry And Machine Company Calendering-machine.
US1575539A (en) * 1925-07-16 1926-03-02 H H Butterworth & Sons Company Calender
US3115672A (en) * 1962-02-20 1963-12-31 Adamson United Company Roll dropping calender
US3369483A (en) * 1965-04-14 1968-02-20 Kleinewefers Soehne J Adjusting device for fast venting and roller fine adjustment, especially for paper satining calenders
US3777659A (en) * 1972-08-10 1973-12-11 H Mccarten Can crusher

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US639915A (en) * 1899-09-05 1899-12-26 Farrel Foundry And Machine Company Calendering-machine.
US1575539A (en) * 1925-07-16 1926-03-02 H H Butterworth & Sons Company Calender
US3115672A (en) * 1962-02-20 1963-12-31 Adamson United Company Roll dropping calender
US3369483A (en) * 1965-04-14 1968-02-20 Kleinewefers Soehne J Adjusting device for fast venting and roller fine adjustment, especially for paper satining calenders
US3777659A (en) * 1972-08-10 1973-12-11 H Mccarten Can crusher

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2806564A1 (de) * 1977-03-22 1978-09-28 Heberlein Hispano Sa Hydraulische anpressvorrichtung fuer verzugsstrecken an textilmaschinen, insbesondere streckmaschinen
FR2384873A1 (fr) * 1977-03-22 1978-10-20 Heberlein Hispano Sa Dispositif de pression hydraulique pour trains d'etirage de machines textiles, particulierement pour bancs d'etirage
US4187587A (en) * 1977-03-22 1980-02-12 Heberlein Hispano Sa Textile machine having hydraulically controlled drafting rollers
US4290351A (en) * 1978-10-16 1981-09-22 Kleinewefers Gmbh Method and apparatus for rapidly separating the rolls of a calender
US4266475A (en) * 1979-11-26 1981-05-12 Appleton Machine Company Positioning mechanism for calender rolls
US4389933A (en) * 1980-02-09 1983-06-28 Kleinewefers Gmbh Calender
US4485734A (en) * 1983-03-24 1984-12-04 Appleton Machine Company Four column positioning mechanism for calender machines
US4848119A (en) * 1986-04-09 1989-07-18 Kleinewefers Gmbh System of rolls for use in calenders and like machines
US5590593A (en) * 1993-12-29 1997-01-07 Valmet Corporation Mounting arrangement for calendar rolls in a calender
US5806415A (en) * 1996-05-06 1998-09-15 Valmet Corporation Method for quick-opening a set of rolls in a calender, in particular in a supercalender, and a hydraulic system for a set of rolls in a calender, in particular a supercalender

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5013119A (ru) 1975-02-12
SE399918B (sv) 1978-03-06
FI55373B (fi) 1979-03-30
DE2320363A1 (de) 1974-10-31
FR2226508B1 (ru) 1977-10-07
FI55373C (fi) 1979-07-10
CH565281A5 (ru) 1975-08-15
FR2226508A1 (ru) 1974-11-15
JPS5248644B2 (ru) 1977-12-12
IT1006462B (it) 1976-09-30
GB1457314A (en) 1976-12-01
AT322969B (de) 1975-06-25
CA1006729A (en) 1977-03-15
DE2320363C3 (de) 1978-10-12
DE2320363B2 (de) 1977-04-21

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