US3883403A - Apparatus and method for cathode stripping - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for cathode stripping Download PDF

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Publication number
US3883403A
US3883403A US403466A US40346673A US3883403A US 3883403 A US3883403 A US 3883403A US 403466 A US403466 A US 403466A US 40346673 A US40346673 A US 40346673A US 3883403 A US3883403 A US 3883403A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrodeposit
cathode
stripping
temperature
blank
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Expired - Lifetime
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US403466A
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English (en)
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Victor Alexander Ettel
Christopher Charles Dunkley
Jose Antonio Blanco
Robert Ray Matthews
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Huntington Alloys Corp
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International Nickel Co Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C7/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells
    • C25C7/06—Operating or servicing
    • C25C7/08—Separating of deposited metals from the cathode

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Disclosed is apparatus and a method for stripping electrodeposits from cathode blanks which apparatus comprises a conveyor for conveying cathodes to a stripping station, a stripping mechanism for stripping electrodeposits from the cathode blanks, quenching devices in the stripping station, a control device for controlling the quenching device so that quenching commences after the stripping mechanism engages the electrodeposit but before the stripping mechanism is activated, and conveyors for conveying stripped electrodeposits and cathode blanks from the stripping station.
  • the present invention pertains to apparatus and a method for stripping metallic electrodeposits from cathode blanks.
  • Electrorefming and clectrowinning processes particularly the electrorefining of nickel and copper, conventionally involve the use of a starting sheet upon which the metal being refined or recovered is electrodeposited, which processes are known as multiple processes.
  • the multiple process includes, using copper as an example, electrodeposition of copper on a rigid mother blank that is coated with a parting compound, stripping the electrodeposit from the mother blank. straightening the electrodeposit and attaching copper loops, which are cut up electrodeposits, to the straightened electrodeposit to form starting sheets.
  • the frail nature of these starting sheets can create problems during elcctrorefining by warping, thereby causing short circuiting. Warped sheets must be withdrawn from the electro-refining tank and straightened before being reintroduced into the electrolytic tank. All of these operations involve a great deal of manual labor and are not readily automated.
  • the working surface i.e., the surface upon which the electrodeposit is formed, can be made of stainless steel, titanium or any other metal or alloy that is corrosion resistant under the electrolyte condition employed and that can be readily surface finished to facilitate stripping of electrodepos its.
  • the present invention contemplates an improved method and apparatus for stripping cathodes, which comprise a cathode blank and an electrodeposit on the cathode blank.
  • the apparatus includes a stripping station, a conveyor for conveying cathodes to the stripping station, an indexing device for placing the cathode into position in the stripping station, a conveyor for conveying the cathode blank from the stripping station and a conveyor for conveying stripped electrodeposit from the stripping station.
  • the improvement comprises equipping the stripping station with support means for supporting a cathode, gripping means for gripping the electrodeposit, thermal means for rapidly altering the temperature of the electrodeposit to thermally part the electrodeposit from the cathode blank.
  • control means for activating the thermal means only after the gripping means have engaged the electrodeposit and for deactivating the thermal means after the electrodeposit is at least partially parted from the cathode blank and stripping means affixed to the gripping means for stripping the parted electrodeposit from the cathode blank.
  • FIG. I is a schematic top view of automatic cathode stripping apparatus showing portions of conveyor assemblies and a washing station and a stripping station that includes the improvements in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical section of the stripping station taken along the line 2-2 in FIG. I;
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical section of the stripping station taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 1.
  • apparatus for stripping cathodes including a conveyor A, stripping station B, conveyor C, con veyor D and washing station E,
  • the cathodes comprise a cathode blank I2 and an electrodeposit 14 on the cathode blank.
  • Electrodeposit 14 is sufficiently heavy, e.g., at least about onesixteenth inch, and advantageously between about oneeighth inch and one-half inch, to withstand the forces it is subjected to during the stripping operation.
  • the cathode blank 12 comprises a plate ofa metal selected from the group consisting of wrought copper, alumi num, stainless steel and titanium having a working surface roughness of from about 5 to 250 microinches RMS, e.g., between about and 200 microinches RMS, and having electrically insulating masking means at at least the side edges thereof to minimize electrodeposits at and envelopment around the edges.
  • the working surface of the cathode blank can be coated or provided with a film of a parting compound to facilitate parting. Examples of parting compounds are oil, metallic soaps, grease, stearates and resins, such as sodium resinate
  • Stripping of eleetrodeposits from cathode blanks can be improved by employing cathode blank materials that have a substantially different coefficient of thermal expansion than the material being electrodeposited.
  • cathode blank materials that have a substantially different coefficient of thermal expansion than the material being electrodeposited.
  • a titanium cathode blank which has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 9.0 X 10*
  • Partial parting of the electrodeposit from the cathode blank can also be promoted by adding a stress inducing reagent to the electrolyte which contains soluble salts of the non-ferrous metal being depositedv
  • a stress inducing reagent for example, when electrodepositing copper, small but effective amounts of at least one stress-inducing reagent selected from the group consisting of guar gum, gelatine, benzotriazole, thiourea, animal glue, and polyacrylamide are added to the electrolyte.
  • stress-changing reagents including ethylenecyanohydrine, chloride ion, butynediol, naphthalene sulfonic acids, and saccharin are added to the nickel-containing electrolyte in small but effective amounts to change internal stresses in the electrodeposit so that upon cooling or heating from the electrodeposition temperature parting from the cathode blank is promoted.
  • stress-inducing reagents are added to the electrolyte in amounts of at least about 0.0l parts per million (ppm). and advantageously in amounts between about 0.] ppm and 50 ppm (in some instances amounts up to about 100 ppm can be used), in order to insure the imparting of internal stresses to the electrodeposit while minimizing contamination of the electrodeposit by the additive.
  • Cathodes are removed from the electrolytic cell, not shown on the drawings, and are conveyed by conveyor A to stripping station B where individual cathodes are placed in stripping position by indexing mechanism 16.
  • Conveyor A can be equipped with heating means, such as a hot air blower or hot water spray, to maintain cathodes held therein at predetermined temperatures to minimize the problems associated with premature parting and possible stripping within the conveyor.
  • Stripping station B comprises links pivotally mounted on crankshaft 22 and equipped with suction pads 24 for gripping electrodeposit 14.
  • Links 20 can be hollow so that pumps 26 can evacuate suction pads 24.
  • Suction pads 24 are sufficiently large so that the pressure differential between atmospheric pressure and the subatmospheric pressure within the pads multiplied by the total area of all the cups engaging one side of the cathodeis greater than the forces required to pull electrodepo t 14 from cathode blank 12.
  • Links 20 are moved from the starting position, as shown by the solid lines in FIG. 2 to the electrodeposit engaging position, as shown by the phantom lines in FIG. 2, by air motors 28, only one being shown in FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity, via linkages 30 and 32.
  • Stripping station B is also equipped with a plurality of nozzles 34 for rapidly quenching or heating electrodeposits 14 for thermally parting the electrodeposit from cathode blank 12.
  • Water or other quenchants are led to nozzles 34 via pipes 36 and the flow of water or other quenchant to and through pipes 36 and nozzles 34 is controlled by control mechanism 38 which can be a relay-operated valve.
  • control mechanism 38 can be a relay-operated valve.
  • Stripped cathode blanks 12 are removed from stripping station 8 by indexing mechanism I6 to conveyor C which conveys the cathode blanks back to the electrolytic tanks or to a reconditioning area to be prepared for further use.
  • Stripped electrodeposits 14 are transferred to washing station E by conveyor C. Upon exiting the washing station, the stripped electrodeposits can be melted or otherwise formed into commercial shapes.
  • cathode blanks having a copper electrodeposit 14 thereon are removed from an electrolytic tank at a temperature between about 60 and 70C., dipped in a tank of hot water at a temperature about 60C. and placed on conveyor A.
  • the hot cathodes are conveyed by conveyor A to stripping station B without substantially altering their temperatures and are placed therein by indexing mechanism 16 at temperatures between about 50 and 65C.
  • Suction pads 24 engage electrodeposit l4, and only then is control mechanism 38, which can be a relay actuated by a timer or by means for sensing that a vacuum has been established within the suction pads, activated to commence quenching to lower the temperature of the electrodeposit 14 to less than about 40C.
  • electrodeposit 14 parts from cathode blank 12 and links 20 are actuated to pull the parted electrodeposit from the cathode blank.
  • the stripped electrodeposits are placed on conveyor C by links 20 and are conveyed thereby to working station E.
  • the stripped cathode blank is placed on conveyor D by indexing mechanism 16 and is conveyed back to the electrolytic tank.
  • cathodes on conveyor A should be maintained at a temperature not materially different from the cathodes emerging from the electrolytic tanks, e.g., above C., in order to prevent premature stripping, either on conveyor A or in stripping station B, or should be removed from conveyor A.
  • the cathodes can be maintained at temperature during such temporary stoppages by contacting the cathodes with either hot air, water or steam or placing them into the hot water tank.
  • a cathode comprising a cathode blank of titanium polished to 60 microinches RMS and an electrodeposit of copper of 0.3 inch while wet and at a temperature of C. was placed into position in the stripping station by an indexing mechanism as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Rectangular vacuum cups having interior cavities measuring 3.5 inches by 7 inches were moved into engaging position by air motor drawn linkages and the cavities were evacuated to 2.4 psi to grip the electrodeposits with a force of 300 pounds. Once the vacuum cups were gripping the electrodeposits, quenching means were activated to lower the temperature to 28C., at which point separation of the upper part of the electrodeposit from the titanium blank was visible and the quenching was then terminated.
  • the linkages holding the vacuum cups were then moved to the horizontal from the vertical position to strip the electrodeposit from the cathode blank. After stripping, the vacuum was released and the stripped electrodeposits were conveyed to a washing station. The stripped cathode blank was removed from the stripping station to a conveyor to be returned to the electrolytic cell, and the stripping station was ready to receive another cathode for stripping.
  • the invention also includes a method for electrodepositing a non-ferrous metal, e.g., copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc and manganese, on a cathode blank and subsequently stripping the electrodeposit from the cathode blank.
  • the method comprises electrodepositing a nonferrous metal on a cathode blank in an electrolytic cell containing an electrolyte that is maintained at a predetermined temperature to form a cathode comprising the cathode blank and an electrodeposit of a preselected thickness thereon.
  • removing the cathode from the electrolytic cell conveying the cathode to a stripping station while maintaining the temperature of the cathode at substantially the predetermined temperature to minimize premature parting, engaging the electrodeposit in the stripping station with gripping means affixed to stripping means, rapidly altering the temperature of the engaged electrodeposit to part at least partially the electrodeposit from the cathode blank and then actuating the stripping means to strip the parted electrodeposit from the cathode blank.
  • an apparatus for stripping cathodes the cathode comprising a cathode blank and a metallic electrodeposit on the cathode blank, said electrodeposit having been applied at an electrodeposit bath temperature
  • the cathode comprising a cathode blank and a metallic electrodeposit on the cathode blank, said electrodeposit having been applied at an electrodeposit bath temperature
  • the improvement which comprises support means in the stripping station for supporting the cath ode, gripping means in the stripping station for gripping the electrodeposit, thermal means for maintaining the temperature of the electrodeposit substantially at the bath temperature until the gripping means have engaged the cathode in the stripping station, thermal means for rapidly altering the temperature of the electrodeposit after the gripping means have engaged the electrodeposit to thermally part the electrodeposit from the cathode blank, control means for activating the thermal means only after
  • thermal means includes at least one nozzle directed at the electrodeposit, a quenchant source and means for conveying quenchant from the source to the nozzle for rapidly lowering the temperature of the electrodeposit.
  • a process for electrodepositing a non-ferrous metal on a cathode blank and subsequently stripping the electrodeposit from the cathode blank which comprises electrodepositing a non-ferrous metal on a cathode blank in an electrolytic cell, said cathode blank and electrodeposit having different coefficients of thermal expansion, and said electrolytic cell containing an electrolyte that is maintained at a predetermined temperature, to form a cathode comprising the cathode blank and an electrodeposit of a preselected thickness thereon of at least about one-sixteenth inch thickness, removing the cathode from the electrolytic cell, conveying the cathode to a stripping station while maintaining the temperature of the cathode at substantially the predetermined temperature to minimize premature parting, engaging the electrodeposit in the stripping station with gripping means affixed to mechanical stripping means, rapidly altering the temperature of the engaged electrodeposit to part at least partially the electrodeposit from the cathode blank at an edge and then actuating the
  • nonferrous metal is at least one member selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, cobalt, zinc and manganese.
  • the cathode blank is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of wrought copper, aluminum, stainless steel, or titanium.
  • parting compound is at least one member selected from the group consisting of oil, metallic soaps, grease, stearates and resins.
  • the non-ferrous metal is copper
  • the electrolyte contains copper salts and a stress-inducing reagent in small but effective amounts to induce internal stresses in the electrodeposit and heated to a temperature between about 60 and C.
  • the cathode blank is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of wrought copper, stainless steel and titanium and its working surface is coated with a parting compound and the electrodeposit is quenched with water to lower its temperature to less than about 40C. to promote parting.
  • the non-ferrous metal is nickel
  • the electrolyte contains nickel salts and a stress-inducing reagent in small but efi'ective amounts to induce internal stresses in the electrodeposit and heated to a temperature between about 60 and 70C.
  • the cathode blank is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of wrought nickel, aluminum, stainless steel and titanium and its working surface is coated with a parting compound and the electrodeposit is quenched with water to lower its temperature to less than about 40C. to promote partmg.
  • the non-ferrous metal is nickel
  • the electrolyte contains nickel salts and is heated to a temperature between about 60 and 70C.
  • the cathode blank is made of a metal selected from the group consisting of wrought nickel, aluminum, stainless steel and titanium and the electrodeposit is quenched with water to lower its temperature to less than about 40C. to promote parting.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
US403466A 1972-10-10 1973-10-04 Apparatus and method for cathode stripping Expired - Lifetime US3883403A (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045301A (en) * 1974-10-08 1977-08-30 Metallurgie Hoboken-Overpelt Electrolytic deposition of metals
US4049527A (en) * 1976-01-08 1977-09-20 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Electrodeposited metal plate peeling-off machine
US4381964A (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-05-03 Rca Corporation Method and apparatus for separating a stamper from a mold
US4417953A (en) * 1980-08-06 1983-11-29 Metallurgie Hoboken-Overpelt Process and apparatus for separating an electrolytic deposit from both sides of a cathode
US5376239A (en) * 1992-07-23 1994-12-27 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Process for separating electrodeposited metal in electrolytic refining
US5567285A (en) * 1994-05-31 1996-10-22 Asturiana De Zinc, S.A. Facility for removing electro-deposited layers from cathodes
US5837123A (en) * 1994-07-21 1998-11-17 Mim Holdings Limited Prevention of cathode corrosion during electrowinning
US6187156B1 (en) * 1997-06-18 2001-02-13 Outokumpu Oyj Anode for electrolytic refining
US6814847B1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2004-11-09 Copper Refineries Pty Ltd Method and apparatus for electro-deposition of metal
US20050155867A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2005-07-21 Victor Robinson Method and apparatus for stripping electrodeposited metal sheets from permanent cathodes
US7014036B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2006-03-21 Falconbridge Limited Cathode linear conveyer assembly
US20070272561A1 (en) * 2004-08-27 2007-11-29 Bengt Mornholm Device and Method for Handling Metal Sheets
WO2011001031A1 (en) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-06 Outotec Oyj Method and apparatus for automatically preparing permanent cathodes for electrolytic recovery of metals
US20120255409A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2012-10-11 Jiangxi Nerin Equipment Co., Ltd. Apparatus for Stripping Metal Sheets from Cathode Blank
CN104562095A (zh) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-29 金川集团股份有限公司 一种种板剥片机组
CN105755504A (zh) * 2016-03-04 2016-07-13 昆明商贾道科技有限公司 一种冶金用快速溶胀的古尔胶组合物及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1086258A (en) * 1975-03-14 1980-09-23 Takahiro Kikkawa Machines for peeling electrodeposited metal plate off cathode base plate
US4478769A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-10-23 Amerace Corporation Method for forming an embossing tool with an optically precise pattern
CN103215616A (zh) * 2013-04-08 2013-07-24 湖南宏阳科技有限公司 一种电解锰后序工段自动化生产流水线

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3617450A (en) * 1968-08-07 1971-11-02 Mitsubishi Metal Mining Co Ltd Automatic stripping of electrodeposited starting sheets
US3625806A (en) * 1968-01-30 1971-12-07 Olov Carl Gustav Wennberg Machine for stripping off the copper coating from a basic plate for the production of start sheets for electrolytic refinement of copper
US3636677A (en) * 1970-05-11 1972-01-25 Mcinnis Equipment Ltd Method of stripping deposited sheets of metal from cathodes and washing stacking and weighing the sheets
US3779872A (en) * 1972-06-15 1973-12-18 Rmi Co Cathode sheet for electrodeposition and method of recovering electrodeposited metals

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3625806A (en) * 1968-01-30 1971-12-07 Olov Carl Gustav Wennberg Machine for stripping off the copper coating from a basic plate for the production of start sheets for electrolytic refinement of copper
US3617450A (en) * 1968-08-07 1971-11-02 Mitsubishi Metal Mining Co Ltd Automatic stripping of electrodeposited starting sheets
US3636677A (en) * 1970-05-11 1972-01-25 Mcinnis Equipment Ltd Method of stripping deposited sheets of metal from cathodes and washing stacking and weighing the sheets
US3779872A (en) * 1972-06-15 1973-12-18 Rmi Co Cathode sheet for electrodeposition and method of recovering electrodeposited metals

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4045301A (en) * 1974-10-08 1977-08-30 Metallurgie Hoboken-Overpelt Electrolytic deposition of metals
US4049527A (en) * 1976-01-08 1977-09-20 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Electrodeposited metal plate peeling-off machine
US4417953A (en) * 1980-08-06 1983-11-29 Metallurgie Hoboken-Overpelt Process and apparatus for separating an electrolytic deposit from both sides of a cathode
US4381964A (en) * 1981-05-29 1983-05-03 Rca Corporation Method and apparatus for separating a stamper from a mold
US5376239A (en) * 1992-07-23 1994-12-27 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Process for separating electrodeposited metal in electrolytic refining
US5567285A (en) * 1994-05-31 1996-10-22 Asturiana De Zinc, S.A. Facility for removing electro-deposited layers from cathodes
ES2112713A1 (es) * 1994-05-31 1998-04-01 Asturiana De Zinc Sa Instalacion para desprender las capas electrodepositadas sobre catodos.
US5837123A (en) * 1994-07-21 1998-11-17 Mim Holdings Limited Prevention of cathode corrosion during electrowinning
US6187156B1 (en) * 1997-06-18 2001-02-13 Outokumpu Oyj Anode for electrolytic refining
US6814847B1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2004-11-09 Copper Refineries Pty Ltd Method and apparatus for electro-deposition of metal
US7014036B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2006-03-21 Falconbridge Limited Cathode linear conveyer assembly
US20050155867A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2005-07-21 Victor Robinson Method and apparatus for stripping electrodeposited metal sheets from permanent cathodes
US7306706B2 (en) 2004-01-21 2007-12-11 Falconbridge Limited Method and apparatus for stripping electrodeposited metal sheets from permanent cathodes
US20070272561A1 (en) * 2004-08-27 2007-11-29 Bengt Mornholm Device and Method for Handling Metal Sheets
US7964080B2 (en) * 2004-08-27 2011-06-21 Outotec Oyj Device and method for handling metal sheets
WO2011001031A1 (en) * 2009-06-30 2011-01-06 Outotec Oyj Method and apparatus for automatically preparing permanent cathodes for electrolytic recovery of metals
US20120255409A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2012-10-11 Jiangxi Nerin Equipment Co., Ltd. Apparatus for Stripping Metal Sheets from Cathode Blank
US8783145B2 (en) * 2009-12-23 2014-07-22 Jiangxi Nerin Equipment Co., Ltd. Apparatus for stripping metal sheets from cathode blank
CN104562095A (zh) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-29 金川集团股份有限公司 一种种板剥片机组
CN105755504A (zh) * 2016-03-04 2016-07-13 昆明商贾道科技有限公司 一种冶金用快速溶胀的古尔胶组合物及其制备方法

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DE2350899A1 (de) 1974-04-25
IT999630B (it) 1976-03-10
JPS4973304A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-07-16
ZA737727B (en) 1974-10-30
BE805854A (fr) 1974-04-09
CA982983A (en) 1976-02-03
NL7313895A (enrdf_load_html_response) 1974-04-16
JPS532410B2 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1978-01-27
FI57451C (fi) 1980-08-11
PH9552A (en) 1976-01-16
OA04489A (fr) 1980-03-15
AU472093B2 (en) 1976-05-13
AU6107373A (en) 1975-04-10
FI57451B (fi) 1980-04-30
GB1387790A (en) 1975-03-19

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