US3880744A - Apparatus for the electrochemical treatment of metal strip - Google Patents

Apparatus for the electrochemical treatment of metal strip Download PDF

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Publication number
US3880744A
US3880744A US378051A US37805173A US3880744A US 3880744 A US3880744 A US 3880744A US 378051 A US378051 A US 378051A US 37805173 A US37805173 A US 37805173A US 3880744 A US3880744 A US 3880744A
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United States
Prior art keywords
strip
compartment
guide roller
duct
electrolyte
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Expired - Lifetime
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US378051A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter Idstein
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Kalle GmbH and Co KG
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Kalle GmbH and Co KG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
    • C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
    • C25D7/0614—Strips or foils

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an apparatus for the electrochemical treatment of metal strip, which comprises an electrolyte bath means having at least two compartments and provided with at least one electrode, guide means for guiding the strip through the electrolyte bath means, at least one duct means through which. in operation, the strip travels past the electrode. and means for maintaining different liquid levels in different compartments.
  • Metals may be electrochemically treated in order to remove some of the metal and thus to modify. and in particular, toroughen the surfaceuThe treatment also maybe carried out for the purpose of producing an oxide layer or of removing a metal coating layer.
  • the metal to be treated is in the form ofendless elements. e.g. wires or strips.
  • the treatment is preferably carried out by passing the elements continuously through the treatment bath.
  • French Pat. No. 1,424,643. discloses an apparatus for the anodic treatment of aluminum strip in which the strip. passes horizontally through the treatment bath without the aid of guide rollers. and is led through inlet and outlet orifices in each of the side walls'of the bath container, these orifices being fitted with sealing means to prevent the escape of liquid.
  • the bath liquid is circulated by means of a pump in such a manner that a very turbulent flow is maintained between the strip and the electrode. This ensures a very rapid exchange of electrolyte at the surface of the strip and the rapid dissipa-' tion of heat. Under these conditions it is possible to operate at high current densities and. therefore, to pass the strip through the bath at high speeds.
  • a disadvantage of this apparatus resides in the use of rubber sealing elements. which have an abrasive effect at the points where the strip enters and leaves the bath.
  • the sealing means easily may lead to scratching of the surface of the strip, particularly when it has been electrochemically treated.
  • the method of circulating the electrolyte as described in the French patent. supra. does not ensure that all theliquid in the bath is thoroughly mixed in the best possible manner.
  • the present invention provides apparatus for electrochemical treatment of metal strip.
  • an electrolyte bath having at least two compartments and is provided with at least one electrode, guide means for guiding the stripthrough the electrolyte bath, at least one duct throughwhich, in operation, the strip travels past the. or each, electrode, opposite ends of the. or each. duct being in different compartments of the electrolyte bath, and means for maintaining different liquid levels in different compartments whereby, in operation, the opposite ends of the, or each, duct are in compartments with different liquid levels.
  • the means for guiding the strip through the apparatus preferably comprises one or more guide rollers.
  • the differing liquid levels in the separated parts of the liquid-containingspace may be maintained by providing means for drawing the liquid by suction from one of the parts and pumping it back into the other part.
  • a unidirectional electrolyte flow between the strip and the counterelectrode may beobtained which is of high velocity and uniform over the entire width of the strip.
  • the ends of the flow duct are at different levels. i.e., the duct is inclined at an acute angle to the vertical or even may be vertical. This enables shorter electrolyte baths and therefore space-saving complete installations to be used.
  • two such flow ducts may be provided in one apparatus, these being disposed above a guide roller and in the path of travel of the strip. one upstream and the other downstream of the .guide roller.
  • the two ducts he electrolyte bath. In this way it becomes possible for the strip to be threaded into the apparatus while not in the usually corrosive electrolyte, at the commencement of operations, or for any troubles occurring during operation to be readily eliminated without the need for draining the electrolyte from the bath.
  • Another form of construction of the apparatus has at least two guide rollers in the electrolyte bath. between which rollers the flow duct is disposed substantially horizontally. In this case. the liquid is forced to flow through the duct by the fact of the duct forming the only connection between the separated parts of the liquid-containing space.
  • the liquid is always caused to flow simply by the difference between the hydrostatic pressures at the beginning and end of the flow duct.
  • extremely simple means may be used for maintaining, between the surface of the strip to be treated and the electrode disposed opposite thereto, a vigorous turbulent flow which is uniform over the entire width of the chamber and which is so even that flow patterns are not formed on the treated surface. If the metal strip is to be electrochemically treated on one side only, it is advantageous to move it along close to that side-wall of the duct opposite to the electrode.
  • metal strips may be electrochemically treated in various ways.
  • the surface of a strip can be cleaned. descaled or roughened by means of treatments using direct current or alternating current. It is also possible to carry out anodic oxidation or to galvanize the strip.
  • the strip may constitute the counter-electrode to the electrode or electrodes, or may form the central conductor between two electrodes of different voltage.
  • the latter system may be used in particular in the case of treatment using alternating current, but it also may be employed in direct-current treatment.
  • the strip forms the anode to one of the electrodes and the cathode to the other.
  • the apparatus permits work to be carried out with very high current densities, which are preferably within the approximate range of from 2 to 150 A/dm depending upon the type of treatment. In electrochemical etching it is preferred to use a current density ranging from approximately to 120 A/dm". With such current densities, treatment times of approximately 10 seconds to 2 minutes generally may be achieved.
  • the velocity of flow of the electrolyte in the gap between the strip and the electrode is adjusted to suit the required current density.
  • the flow velocity may be adjusted by varying the difference between the level of the electrolyte in the separated parts of the liquidcontaining space and, optionally, by varying the distance between the side walls of the flow duct, i.e.. normally the distance between the strip and the electrode.
  • the apparatus is mainly designed for and suited to the electrochemical treatment of one side of metal strips.
  • it is also possible to carry out treatment of both sides of the strip by inserting a further electrode in that wall of the flow duct opposite the rear side of the strip and by passing the strip through the duct at a corresponding distance from this wall.
  • the strip is generally passed at so small a distance from the rear wall that it almost touches it. In this mode of operation the rear side of the strip remains practically unchanged apart from narrow marginal zones.
  • the distance between the strip and the electrode is usually in the order of magnitude of l to 5 cm.
  • the apparatus advantageously may be composed of a plurality of the above-described basic units and one electrolyte bath. Washing stations advantageously may be provided between these basic units in order to remove from the strip any adhering liquid picked up during treatment. Similarly. chemical etching or pickling units may be provided upstream of. downstream of. or between the electrochemical treatment stations.
  • An example of the combination of a plurality of electrochemical treatment stages in a continuous installation is the electrochemical roughening and subsequent anodic oxidation of aluminum strip.
  • etching and galvanizing treatment of aluminum. copper. steel or other metal strip may be carried out in a number of successive stations using apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through the basic unit of one form of construction of the apparatus of the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another form of construction of the apparatus of the invention.
  • a metal strip 1 is passed over the rollers 9, l0 and 11 and through a bath 2 containing electrolyte 3.
  • the path of travel of the strip is surrounded by two flow ducts 5 and 5" which are of shallow rectangular cross-section and are formed by outer walls 4' and 4" and electrodes 7' and 7". constituting inner walls, and of end walls (not shown) disposed forwardly and rearwardly of the plane of the drawing.
  • the electrodes 7 and 7" form a chamber 6 which is separated from the main liquid-containing space of the electrolyte bath 2 and communicates with this space only by way of the slots 8' and 8 below the electrodes 7' and 7" respectively.
  • a guide roll 9 for the strip 1 is connected to the cathode. and the electrodes 7' and 7" are connected to the anode of a current source.
  • a suction pipe 12 extends into the chamber 6 to a point adjacent to its base.
  • the suction pipe is connected at its other end to a suction pump 13 from which a pipe 16 leads back into the main liquidcontaining space of the electrolyte bath 2 by way of a throttle valve 15.
  • a cooler 17 for removing excess heat is fitted near the point at which the pipe 16 enters the bath.
  • the strip 1 is passed at the required speed through the electrolyte.
  • the liquid flows uninterruptedly downwards through the ducts 5 and 5" and between the surface of the strip and the electrodes 7' and 7" respectively. It flows through the slots 8' and 8" into the chamber 6 and is there continuously drawn off by suction through the pipe 12 and with the aid of the pump 13.
  • the suction force is regulated by means of the throttle valve 15 which is controlled by an adjustable level probe 14.
  • the entire part of the apparatus consisting of the guide rollers 9, l0 and 11, the chamber 6, the flow ducts 5' and 5". and the suction means is connected to form a single unit and can be raised from the electrolyte bath 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows in a simplified form a further construction of apparatus in accordance with the invention.
  • the strip is passed over two guide rollers 10 and 10a which are disposed at the ends of an elongate electrolyte trough 2.
  • the trough contains two basic units each having two flow passages.
  • the main liquidcontaining space of the trough 2 is separated by a partition 18 which is so fitted as to leave only a narrow gap, through which the strip can pass, above the bottom of the vat.
  • a separated chamber 6 in which the liquid level is lower than in the main liquid-containing space.
  • the level of the liquid'in the chamber 6 is kept constant by means of the overflow 19 through which the liquid flows, by way of a discharge pipe, not shown. and into a reservoir from which his pumped back into the electrolyte trough.
  • the electrolyte flows from the main liquid-containing space through the flow ducts 5 and 5 between the strip 1 and the electrodes 7' and 7". and into the chamber 6.
  • the basic unit shown in the right-hand half of the electrolyte vat 2 consists of the same elements as the unit on the left-hand side.
  • the related reference numerals are in each case followed by a small letter a for the purpose of differentiation.
  • the electrodes can be connected to suit the required results.
  • the electrodes 7' and 7"a are connected to the negative pole and the electrodes 7" and Tax to the positive pole of a direct-current source.
  • the strip acts as a central conductor between the oppositely poled electrodes 7' and 7". and Ta and 7"a, respectively.
  • An apparatus for the electrochemical treatment of metal strip which comprises an electrolyte bath means having two compartments, one compartment being the main compartment and the other being a common compartment, and provided with two electrodes. a guide roller for guiding the strip through the electrolyte bath means. two duct means arranged in a V-form above the guide roller. one upstream and one downstream of the guide roller in the path of travel of the strip, through which duct means. in operation. the strip travels past the electrodes in a straight line toward said guide roller and in a straight line from said guide roller,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Electrochemical Coating By Surface Reaction (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
US378051A 1972-07-13 1973-07-11 Apparatus for the electrochemical treatment of metal strip Expired - Lifetime US3880744A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2234365A DE2234365C3 (de) 1972-07-13 1972-07-13 Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen elektrochemischen Behandlung eines Metallbands

Publications (1)

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US3880744A true US3880744A (en) 1975-04-29

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US378051A Expired - Lifetime US3880744A (en) 1972-07-13 1973-07-11 Apparatus for the electrochemical treatment of metal strip

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3880744A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5710193B2 (xx)
CH (1) CH551803A (xx)
DE (1) DE2234365C3 (xx)
GB (1) GB1429660A (xx)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4118302A (en) * 1977-08-10 1978-10-03 National Steel Corporation Cathode structure for use in electrolytic process
US4169780A (en) * 1977-05-24 1979-10-02 Societe Les Piles Wonder Process and apparatus for making negative electrodes, in particular in cadmium or zinc, for electrochemical generators, and the negative electrodes thus obtained
DE3107561A1 (de) * 1980-02-29 1982-02-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa Bandtransporteinrichtung und verfahren zum transportieren eines bandes
US4526668A (en) * 1983-05-16 1985-07-02 Maurizio Podrini Device for the electrolytic treatment of metal strip
US4640757A (en) * 1985-02-08 1987-02-03 Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A Vertical cells for the continuous electrodeposition of metals at high current density
US4686013A (en) * 1986-03-14 1987-08-11 Gates Energy Products, Inc. Electrode for a rechargeable electrochemical cell and method and apparatus for making same
DE19548115A1 (de) * 1994-12-27 1996-07-04 Nissan Motor Elektrochemisches Ätzverfahren für ein Halbleitersubstrat
US5666839A (en) * 1994-02-22 1997-09-16 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Reduction of friction during wire drawing
DE19936569A1 (de) * 1999-08-03 2001-03-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Herstellung von porösem Silicium

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5446179A (en) * 1977-09-21 1979-04-11 Katsukawa Kougiyou Kk Electrolytic cell for belt treated matter
LU80496A1 (fr) * 1978-11-09 1980-06-05 Cockerill Procede et diopositif pour le depot electrolytique en continu et a haute densite de courant d'un metal de recouvrement sur une tole
US4214961A (en) * 1979-03-01 1980-07-29 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Method and apparatus for continuous electrochemical treatment of a metal web
JPS58107498A (ja) * 1981-12-18 1983-06-27 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 帯状金属板の電解処理方法および装置
DE3217552A1 (de) * 1982-05-10 1983-11-10 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Verfahren zur elektrochemischen aufrauhung von aluminium fuer druckplattentraeger
JPH01126799U (xx) * 1988-02-22 1989-08-30
CN105220213A (zh) * 2015-10-24 2016-01-06 本钢不锈钢冷轧丹东有限责任公司 中性盐电解槽

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1590599A (en) * 1924-06-17 1926-06-29 Taylor Lab Inc Method of making insulated electrical conductors and the like
US2930739A (en) * 1956-06-28 1960-03-29 Burnham John Method and apparatus for forming valve metal foil

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1590599A (en) * 1924-06-17 1926-06-29 Taylor Lab Inc Method of making insulated electrical conductors and the like
US2930739A (en) * 1956-06-28 1960-03-29 Burnham John Method and apparatus for forming valve metal foil

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4169780A (en) * 1977-05-24 1979-10-02 Societe Les Piles Wonder Process and apparatus for making negative electrodes, in particular in cadmium or zinc, for electrochemical generators, and the negative electrodes thus obtained
US4118302A (en) * 1977-08-10 1978-10-03 National Steel Corporation Cathode structure for use in electrolytic process
US4518466A (en) * 1980-02-28 1985-05-21 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Web conveying method
DE3107561A1 (de) * 1980-02-29 1982-02-11 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd., Minami-Ashigara, Kanagawa Bandtransporteinrichtung und verfahren zum transportieren eines bandes
US4432854A (en) * 1980-02-29 1984-02-21 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Web conveying method and apparatus
US4526668A (en) * 1983-05-16 1985-07-02 Maurizio Podrini Device for the electrolytic treatment of metal strip
US4640757A (en) * 1985-02-08 1987-02-03 Centro Sperimentale Metallurgico S.P.A Vertical cells for the continuous electrodeposition of metals at high current density
US4686013A (en) * 1986-03-14 1987-08-11 Gates Energy Products, Inc. Electrode for a rechargeable electrochemical cell and method and apparatus for making same
US5666839A (en) * 1994-02-22 1997-09-16 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Reduction of friction during wire drawing
DE19548115A1 (de) * 1994-12-27 1996-07-04 Nissan Motor Elektrochemisches Ätzverfahren für ein Halbleitersubstrat
DE19548115C2 (de) * 1994-12-27 2002-08-29 Nissan Motor Elektrochemisches Ätzverfahren für ein Halbleitersubstrat sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19936569A1 (de) * 1999-08-03 2001-03-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Herstellung von porösem Silicium
DE19936569B4 (de) * 1999-08-03 2006-04-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Herstellung von porösem Silicium

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1429660A (en) 1976-03-24
DE2234365A1 (de) 1974-01-24
CH551803A (de) 1974-07-31
DE2234365C3 (de) 1981-04-09
JPS5710193B2 (xx) 1982-02-25
DE2234365B2 (de) 1980-07-17
JPS4956833A (xx) 1974-06-03

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