US3879627A - Display tube with neutral density filtration - Google Patents
Display tube with neutral density filtration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3879627A US3879627A US454188A US45418874A US3879627A US 3879627 A US3879627 A US 3879627A US 454188 A US454188 A US 454188A US 45418874 A US45418874 A US 45418874A US 3879627 A US3879627 A US 3879627A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- faceplate
- display tube
- bonding material
- visible spectrum
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004840 adhesive resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006223 adhesive resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
- H01J29/86—Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks
- H01J29/87—Arrangements for preventing or limiting effects of implosion of vessels or containers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
- H01J29/86—Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks
- H01J29/89—Optical or photographic arrangements structurally combined or co-operating with the vessel
- H01J29/896—Anti-reflection means, e.g. eliminating glare due to ambient light
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2229/00—Details of cathode ray tubes or electron beam tubes
- H01J2229/87—Means for avoiding vessel implosion
- H01J2229/875—Means substantially covering the output face, e.g. resin layers, protective panels
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A cathode ray display tube having improved viewability under conditions of high ambient illumination levels. This being achieved by providing a tube faceplate andan implosion panel thereover, with a transparent adhesive material between the faceplate and panel having intermixed therein a selected material which provides the adhesive material with selected neutral density filtration characteristics for enhancing contrast in the viewed display.
- the present invention overcomes the foregoing and other disadvantages of known prior art devices by the provision of a cathode ray display tube having improved viewability under conditions of high ambient levels, which improvement is achieved by securing a transparent implosion panel to the faceplate of the tube by means of adhesive material which provides neutral density filtration.
- the adhesive material is a normally clear transparent material having intermixed therewtih a material which provides the desired filtration characteristics without affecting the color of the displayed im age.
- the particular adhesive mixture furthermore, may be tailored to provide the specific filter density desired for particular individual application requirements.
- a particularly suitable filter adhesive is a clear transparent epoxy or polyester containing colloidal graphite or similar carbon suspensions mixed therewith in selected amounts to provide the desired density.
- a stock mixture is made using a transparent epoxy or polyester resin such as the epoxy sold by Dow Corning under the designation TV-720.
- a colloidal carbon or graphite suspension is added, such as the carbon material sold as Dag 213 by Acheson Colloids Co.
- the desired light transmission properties determine the required dilution.
- the resultant mixture may be used as adhesive be tween two substantially parallel adjacent surfaces of a faceplate and an implosion panel and produces a neu BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
- FIG. I is an elevational view partly in vertical section of a cathode ray display tube embodying the invention.
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the faceplate of the tube shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating the light transmission characteristics of one embodiment of the invention.
- a cathode ray tube of the display type is indicated at If) in FIG. 1 and is utilized for providing a visual display which may be viewed in the normal manner of tubes of this type It is well known that such display tubes are often required to be used under conditions when high ambient illumination levels are present. For example, in the cockpit of aircraft the ambient light often exists at such high illumination levels as to render observation of displays extremely difficult when conventional tube structures are used.
- viewability of a display is considerably improved even under conditions of high ambient illumination levels. This is achieved by neutral density filtering whereby ambient illumination is decreased while the viewability of the emitted light from the tube is enhanced.
- the tube 10 embodies the usual evacuated envelope which includes a bulb portion 12 and a narrow neck portion 14 at one end thereof. At the other end of bulb portion 12 the envelope is closed by a faceplate 16 which is usually an integral part thereof.
- the faceplate 16 carries on its inner surface a layer 18 of electron-sensitive phosphor.
- the faceplate 16 is preferably of glass so that light from the phosphor layer 18 will be transmitted externally of the tube for viewing.
- the phosphor material in layer 18 may be any of the well-known materials which have been found suitable for the purpose and which comprise relatively closely packed crystals which become fluorescent when bombarded by electrons.
- a cathode ray gun (not shown) which may be of any suitable construction and which is adapted to be supplied with operating potential through leads or pins 20 which extend through the end of the envelope. Operation of the cathode ray gun will cause the formation of an electron beam which can be made to scan the phosphor layer 18 in the normal manner of tubes of this character. This will cause the phosphor to become luminescent in the areas which are contacted by the scanning electron beam. The resultant light from the phosphor will travel outwardly of the envelope through the faceplate 16 externally of the tube for viewing by an observer.
- an implosion panel 22 adjacent the outer surface of the faceplate for safety purposes.
- Such an implosion panel may be separate from the tube structure but, in accordance with the present invention, is secured directly to the faceplate 16 by means of a layer 24 of suitable adhesive.
- the adhesive is preferably a clear resin such as an epoxy sold by Dow Corning as Epoxy TV-720, for example.
- This filtering effect is achieved by providing within the normally clear transparent adhesive resin mixture a suspension of colloidal carbon or graphite particles which are distributed substantially uniformly throughout the resin. This produces neutral density filtration within the adhesive layer 24, which filtration density can be tailored for specific applications by control of the amount of carbon used.
- any carbon or graphite materials may be used for this purpose, a particularly satisfactory material is the graphite sold by Acheson Colloids Company as Dag 213.
- This material is included in the adhesive resin, preferably using TV-720 as the diluent.
- a desired concentration of this mixture is about 1 percent by volume to produce what we will call a stock solution.”
- This stock solution is then mixed with resin in selected proportions to provide a resultant adhesive which has the selected light absorption characteristics.
- the stock solution and resin may be used in equal parts which will produce a neutral density gray filter.
- one part of stock solution may be used with nine parts of resin to produce a neutral density filter considerably less dense than the 1:1 resin mixture. Therefore, it is to be understood that any desired ratio of stock mixture to resin may be employed to achieve selected desired results.
- This invention can be made by conventional and known tube manufacturing techniques wherein the tube envelope and components are first assembled, evacuated and tested. Following this the implosion panel 22 is placed in overlying relation with the faceplate 16, with suitable spacers therebetween to regulate the size of the shape to be filled with adhesive resin. A securing tape is mounted around the circumference of the two members and after the spacers are removed the tape holds the members in the predetermined spaced relation. Heat of about 60C is applied and the spaces between the faceplate and panel are filled with resin, after which the final assembly is cooled and the resin is allowed to set.
- FIG. 3 there is shown a typical graph illustrating the spectral light transmission in percent of an adhesive layer 24 which is made by mixing approximately two parts of stock mixture with about three parts of resin. It will be seen that a quite flat curve results, with only a slight dipping between about 400-500 nanometers, thus indicating a neutral gray color with a slight yellow which cannot be detected by the human eye.
- a display tube comprising an evacuated envelope having a clear transparent faceplate in a wall thereof, a layer of phosphor material adjacent the inner side of said faceplate for generating light in the visible spectrum, a clear transparent protective panel adjacent the outer side of said faceplate, and a bonding material between said faceplate and panel, said bonding material having selected neutral density filtration characteristics in the visible spectrum.
- a display tube comprising an evacuated envelope having a clear transparent faceplate at one end thereof, a layer of phosphor on the inner surface of said face plate for generating light in the visible spectrum, electron beam-producing means in the opposite end of the envelope, said phosphor being responsive upon impingement by electrons from said means to generate said light in the visible spectrum, a clear transparent protective panel adjacent the outer side of said faceplate, and a bonding material between said faceplate and panel, said bonding material having selected neutral density filtration characteristics in the visible spectrum.
- a display tube as set forth in claim 6 wherein said bonding material comprises a normally clear transparent adhesive matrix having mixed therewith selected amounts of particulate material which provides desired filtration density without substantially affecting color of the light emitted by said light-generating layer in the visible spectrum.
- a display tube as set forth in claim 6 wherein said bonding material has between about 20-22 percent transmission of all wavelengths of light between about 400-700 nanometers.
Landscapes
- Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US454188A US3879627A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1974-03-25 | Display tube with neutral density filtration |
CA218,790A CA1016587A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-01-28 | Display tube with neutral density filtration |
IT48101/75A IT1029682B (it) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-02-10 | Perfezionamento nei tubi a raggi catodici |
FR7507674A FR2266297B1 (fr) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-12 | |
DE2512329A DE2512329C2 (de) | 1974-03-25 | 1975-03-20 | Bildröhre mit einer Schicht zur Erhöhung des Bildkontrastes und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US454188A US3879627A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1974-03-25 | Display tube with neutral density filtration |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3879627A true US3879627A (en) | 1975-04-22 |
Family
ID=23803649
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US454188A Expired - Lifetime US3879627A (en) | 1974-03-25 | 1974-03-25 | Display tube with neutral density filtration |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3879627A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1016587A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE2512329C2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2266297B1 (fr) |
IT (1) | IT1029682B (fr) |
Cited By (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4177399A (en) * | 1978-05-25 | 1979-12-04 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | High contrast cathode ray display tube |
DE2926174A1 (de) * | 1978-06-28 | 1980-02-07 | Sperry Rand Corp | Verfahren zur herstellung einer filter- frontplattenkombination auf der betrachtungsflaeche einer leuchtanzeigeeinrichtung |
US4245242A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1981-01-13 | Rockwell International Corporation | Contrast enhancement of multicolor displays |
US4329620A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1982-05-11 | Raytheon Company | Cathode ray tube with light transparent panel and adhesive therefor |
US4599535A (en) * | 1982-04-02 | 1986-07-08 | Raytheon Company | Display tube output assembly and method of manufacture |
US4682075A (en) * | 1985-12-19 | 1987-07-21 | Rca Corporation | Image display including improved light-absorbing matrix |
EP0255958A2 (fr) * | 1986-08-08 | 1988-02-17 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Système de protection contre l'implosion d'un tube à rayons cathodiques et méthode mettant en oeuvre un tel système |
US4729031A (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1988-03-01 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Coupling system for image projection |
WO1988004828A1 (fr) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-30 | Flabeg Gmbh | Tube image de television a vitre frontale composite |
US4804883A (en) * | 1986-09-03 | 1989-02-14 | Flachglass Aktiengesellschaft | Front attachment for CRT. E.G. for a monitor or video tube |
US4804253A (en) * | 1986-05-15 | 1989-02-14 | General Electric Company | Lenticular filter for display devices |
US4930015A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1990-05-29 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Flat tension mask cathode ray tube implosion system |
US5072301A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1991-12-10 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Apparatus and process for implosion protection in cathode ray tubes |
US6144479A (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-11-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Low reflectivity contrast enhancement filter |
US6356012B1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2002-03-12 | Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. | CRT panel and a method for manufacturing the same |
WO2002058043A1 (fr) * | 2001-01-22 | 2002-07-25 | Frank Sidney E | Dispositif de reproduction active d'images sur un article |
US20030122730A1 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-03 | Frank Sidney E. | System for displaying moving images on a container |
US6639346B2 (en) | 1997-12-17 | 2003-10-28 | Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. | CRT panel and a method for manufacturing the same |
US6678016B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2004-01-13 | Sony Corporation | Filter for display device and display device |
US20090110815A1 (en) * | 2007-10-28 | 2009-04-30 | Sagie Shanun | Method and composition for recoating toner cartridge developing member |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4185220A (en) * | 1977-06-30 | 1980-01-22 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Cathode ray display tube with contrast enhancement panel |
DE3336020A1 (de) * | 1983-10-04 | 1985-04-18 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Optische darstellungsvorrichtung |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2638816A (en) * | 1950-11-14 | 1953-05-19 | Milton M Stolzer | Apparatus for producing television in color |
US2734142A (en) * | 1956-02-07 | Cathode ray tubes | ||
US3209191A (en) * | 1964-08-11 | 1965-09-28 | Douglas Aircraft Co Inc | Cathode ray tube screen and ambient light filter |
-
1974
- 1974-03-25 US US454188A patent/US3879627A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1975
- 1975-01-28 CA CA218,790A patent/CA1016587A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-10 IT IT48101/75A patent/IT1029682B/it active
- 1975-03-12 FR FR7507674A patent/FR2266297B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1975-03-20 DE DE2512329A patent/DE2512329C2/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2734142A (en) * | 1956-02-07 | Cathode ray tubes | ||
US2638816A (en) * | 1950-11-14 | 1953-05-19 | Milton M Stolzer | Apparatus for producing television in color |
US3209191A (en) * | 1964-08-11 | 1965-09-28 | Douglas Aircraft Co Inc | Cathode ray tube screen and ambient light filter |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4177399A (en) * | 1978-05-25 | 1979-12-04 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | High contrast cathode ray display tube |
DE2926174A1 (de) * | 1978-06-28 | 1980-02-07 | Sperry Rand Corp | Verfahren zur herstellung einer filter- frontplattenkombination auf der betrachtungsflaeche einer leuchtanzeigeeinrichtung |
US4191725A (en) * | 1978-06-28 | 1980-03-04 | Sperry Corporation | Method of assembling a contrast enhanced display |
US4329620A (en) * | 1979-02-23 | 1982-05-11 | Raytheon Company | Cathode ray tube with light transparent panel and adhesive therefor |
US4245242A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1981-01-13 | Rockwell International Corporation | Contrast enhancement of multicolor displays |
US4599535A (en) * | 1982-04-02 | 1986-07-08 | Raytheon Company | Display tube output assembly and method of manufacture |
US4729031A (en) * | 1983-07-27 | 1988-03-01 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Coupling system for image projection |
US4682075A (en) * | 1985-12-19 | 1987-07-21 | Rca Corporation | Image display including improved light-absorbing matrix |
US4804253A (en) * | 1986-05-15 | 1989-02-14 | General Electric Company | Lenticular filter for display devices |
US4841372A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1989-06-20 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Cathode ray tube contrast enhancement systems |
EP0255958A2 (fr) * | 1986-08-08 | 1988-02-17 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Système de protection contre l'implosion d'un tube à rayons cathodiques et méthode mettant en oeuvre un tel système |
EP0255958A3 (fr) * | 1986-08-08 | 1989-06-28 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Système de protection contre l'implosion d'un tube à rayons cathodiques et méthode mettant en oeuvre un tel système |
US4930015A (en) * | 1986-08-08 | 1990-05-29 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Flat tension mask cathode ray tube implosion system |
US4804883A (en) * | 1986-09-03 | 1989-02-14 | Flachglass Aktiengesellschaft | Front attachment for CRT. E.G. for a monitor or video tube |
WO1988004828A1 (fr) * | 1986-12-17 | 1988-06-30 | Flabeg Gmbh | Tube image de television a vitre frontale composite |
US5072301A (en) * | 1990-03-12 | 1991-12-10 | Zenith Electronics Corporation | Apparatus and process for implosion protection in cathode ray tubes |
US6639346B2 (en) | 1997-12-17 | 2003-10-28 | Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. | CRT panel and a method for manufacturing the same |
US6356012B1 (en) * | 1997-12-17 | 2002-03-12 | Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd. | CRT panel and a method for manufacturing the same |
US6144479A (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-11-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Low reflectivity contrast enhancement filter |
US6678016B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2004-01-13 | Sony Corporation | Filter for display device and display device |
WO2002058043A1 (fr) * | 2001-01-22 | 2002-07-25 | Frank Sidney E | Dispositif de reproduction active d'images sur un article |
US20030122730A1 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-03 | Frank Sidney E. | System for displaying moving images on a container |
US20090110815A1 (en) * | 2007-10-28 | 2009-04-30 | Sagie Shanun | Method and composition for recoating toner cartridge developing member |
US8926869B2 (en) * | 2007-10-28 | 2015-01-06 | Clover Technologies Group, Llc | Method and composition for recoating toner cartridge developing member |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2266297A1 (fr) | 1975-10-24 |
IT1029682B (it) | 1979-03-20 |
CA1016587A (en) | 1977-08-30 |
DE2512329A1 (de) | 1975-10-09 |
DE2512329C2 (de) | 1983-05-26 |
FR2266297B1 (fr) | 1980-04-04 |
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