US3870778A - Process for pigmenting a pile surfaced product - Google Patents

Process for pigmenting a pile surfaced product Download PDF

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Publication number
US3870778A
US3870778A US26440272A US3870778A US 3870778 A US3870778 A US 3870778A US 26440272 A US26440272 A US 26440272A US 3870778 A US3870778 A US 3870778A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pigment
thermoplastic material
pile
synthetic thermoplastic
synthetic
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Margaret Lilian Steel
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • D04H11/08—Non-woven pile fabrics formed by creation of a pile on at least one surface of a non-woven fabric without addition of pile-forming material, e.g. by needling, by differential shrinking
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/0076—Transfer-treating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23986—With coating, impregnation, or bond

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method of pigmenting a laminated pile surfaced product in which the pile is formed by a tack spinning process. Pigment is applied to a component of the laminate to be subjected to the tack spinning process before the pile is formed.
  • the processes described in the specifications of the aforementioned applications comprise the steps of interposing a polymeric material between a web (for convenience the polymer and web are referred to as the laminate) and a temporary anchorage surface (the polymeric material being in a state such that it is tacky and capable of adhering to the web and also adhering temporarily to the temporary anchorage surface), separating the web and the temporary anchorage surface so that stringing of the polymeric material occurs with the production of fibres of the polymeric material, hardening the polymeric material by cooling (if it is thermoplastic and had been rendered tacky by heat) or by completion of a cross-linking reaction (where the polymer is a curable polymer and undergoes cure during or after fibre formation), and separation of the fibres from the temporary anchorage surface.
  • the present invention provides a modification of pile-forming processes involving the processes set out above, in that the product comprises a pigment which is soluble in, adsorbent upon or dispersible in the polymeric material under the pile-drawing conditions employed, or is easily removable from the web for example by mere mechanical forces occuring during pile for- V mation so that on formation of the pile the pigment is carried into the fibres of the pile.
  • soluble whether in water or other solvent
  • volatile colouring materials whether inorganic or organic in nature.
  • the invention provides a method of pigmenting a pile surfaced product in which the pile is formed by a tack-spinning process, which method comprises the steps of applying pigment to a component of the laminate to be subjected to the tack spinning process before the pile is formed.
  • the pigment employed may be dispersed within the fabric of the web, as in conventional dip dyeing processes, it may merely be applied to the surface of the web, in which case it may be applied in solution or as a suspension of solid pigment particles in a suspending fluid, and/or it may be applied to the polymeric material.
  • the pigment may be distributed evenly to produce a self coloured product or it may be distributed in a discontinuous fashion, either randomly or to a predetermined pattern, and pigments of different colour may also be employed as in the production of multicoloured patterned products.
  • the web When the web is pigmented it will be apparent that if desired it may be pigmented immediately before contacting it with the polymeric material, application of the pigment may be effected on the same apparatus as that in which pile formation occurs.
  • the pigment applied to the web may be soluble in the in the polymeric material, or any component, including 2 solvent, of the polymer composition, employed in pile formation.
  • the pigment is insoluble in the polymer component and is carried into the fibres from the web by flow currents in a mechanical fashion the only requirement is that the pigment should be particulate so that it may be so carried, and that it be sufficiently loosely adhered to the web that it may be dislodged from it and carried into the pile under the pile drawing conditions employed. It may be desirable to apply pigment to the web in the presence of a bonding agent which may enhance its adhesion to the web but which, under the pile drawing conditions employed, releases the pigment into the polymeric pile forming material. Thus, where pile formation involves the application of heat to the web a thermoplastic bonding agent may be employed which softens to release the pigment at the temperature employed.
  • a preferred method of applying pigment to one or more components of the laminate is by a transfer printing process, optinally while the polymeric material is in contact with the temporary anchorage surface used to form the pile in the tack-spinning process.
  • Transfer printing may involve the transfer of pigment by a combination of heat and pressure of a volatilisable disperse dye which is capable of dyeing the polymeric material forming the pile.
  • Dyestuffs particularly suitable for this application are those listed in the Colour Index Second Edition Vol 1, p. 1,655 et seq. and generally are dyes without water-solubilising groups and with appreciable solubility. These volatilisable dyes are well known from the literature, for example U.K. Pat. Specification Nos.
  • 1,189,026 and 1,21 1,149 and generally are volatilisable, or sublime, at a temperature between and 230C.
  • the dye may be applied to the surface of a suit able substrate, for example paper or metal foil, for example by known printing methods, and then transferred to the material to be coloured.
  • the disperse dye may be applied to the polymeric component or it may be applied also or alternatively to the web, and particularly where the web is porous (i.e., has a structure such that the disperse dye may pass through it upon being made volatile e.g., a textile fabric) the disperse dyestuff may be applied to the side of the web distant from the polymeric material, migration of the dyestuff through the web occurring under the appropriate conditions.
  • the substrate bearing the dyestuff acts as the temporary anchorage in the pile formation step, the dyestuff being transferred to the newly formed pile from the temporary anchorage prior to and/or during pile formation.
  • the time during which transfer of the disperse dye occurs will vary with the dyestuff, but generally will be considerably less than 30 seconds, and conditions will be chosen appropriately.
  • Web materials employed according to the invention include any of those mentioned in the aforementioned patent applications, but particularly preferred is paper, for example in the production of pile-surfaced wall paper, and textile materials of natural or synthetic fibre, which may be employed for the production, for example of patterned pile-surfaced textiles for clothing, furniture covering and the like.
  • embossing techniques as described in the aforementioned patent specifications may also be employed in the present invention, to produce figured products in which embossed regions may or may not coincide with patterning obtained by the process of the present invention.
  • embossing techniques may be employed to impart a surface pattern to self coloured pilesurfaced products.
  • Preferred embossing techniques involve for example the prevention of pile drawing locally by preventing adhesion of the polymeric material to the temporary anchorage surface e.g. by embossing said surface or by interposing between the temporary anchorage surface and the polymeric pile forming material masking material of appropriate pattern.
  • Said masking material is preferably applied to the temporary anchorage surface for example as a coating of suitable non-stick material. Local melting or softening of the pile whereby it is collapsed in predetermined or random areas may produce an embossed effect.
  • a film of thermoplastic material 1 and a woven fabric web 2 are supplied from feed rolls 3 to the nip between contrarotating rollers 4,5.
  • the roller 4 is heated and forms the temporary anchorage surface from which the fibrils are drawn, and the roller 5 is a resilient backing roll.
  • a continuous flexible metal strip 6 passes through the nip between the web 2 and the roller 5, and at a point 7 is printed with a disperse dye by means not shown.
  • the dye is transfer printed to the back of the web, migrates through the web and into the thermoplastic layer, and is drawn up into the fibrils formed when the web parts from the hot-roll.
  • the fibrils of the pile are cooled by a jet of fluid from a nozzle 8, and the coloured pile surface material 9 is taken up on a roll 10, while the flexible strip 6 returns for further printing at 7.
  • the substrate bearing the disperse dye may be necessary for the substrate bearing the disperse dye to remain in contact with the web for a longer period than that provided by the passage through the nip of the rollers. This may be achieved as shown in FIG. 2, in which a resilient belt 11 replaced the backing roller 5 and urges the substrate against the web over approximately half of the circumference of the hot roller 4.
  • the substrate in this case is transfer paper previously printed with a pattern of disperse dye.
  • the transfer paper 12 is fed between the web 2 and the resilient belt 11, with the printed side towards the web.
  • the transfer printing and migration of the dye through the web 2 and into the thermoplastic material 1 takes place, and when fibrils are drawn the web leaves the hot roll, the dye is present in the fibrils.
  • the used transfer paper is stripped off at 13.
  • FIG. 3 shows apparatus in which the substrate is a flexible metal strip 6, printed with disperse dye 7, which passes between the hot-roll 4 and the thermoplastic material I. Leaving the nip between the hot roll 4 and the resilient backing roll 5, fibrils are drawn between the web 2 and the metal strip 6, which acts as the temporary anchorage and at the same time the dye is transferred to the thermoplastic. A cooled tube 14 contacting the underside of the web 2 provides the necessary cooling of the drawn fibrils. The strip 6 recirculates for further printing.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment in which a dyecoated transfer paper 12 is supplied from a feed roll 3 between the hot roll 4 and the thermoplastic material l, with the coated face away from the hot roll. Fibrils are drawn from the transfer paper as temporary anchorage, used paper being pulled off at 13. Finally in FIG. 5, dye is printed directly upon the hot roll by means not shown, but which could for example involve contacting the hot roll with the coated side of dyecoated transfer paper, and the dye is transferred to the polymeric material 1 from the hot roll and appears in the drawn fibrils.
  • Example 1 A sheet of polyethylene coated fabric was fed between the roll and the belt of the glazing machine, the polyethylene coating contacting the hot roll.
  • a sheet of paper previously printed by conventional printing techniques with a pattern of disperse dyes (the printing ink employed comprises one or more disperse dyes, a liquid medium and a thickener or binder which is soluble in the liquid.
  • Water or organic solvents, e.g., alcohols, are typical liquid media; in this example the dyes employed were three disperse dyes, each used in 8 percent solution in isopropanol/toluene/ethyl cellulose solution.
  • the dyes employed were:
  • Example 2 The process of Example I was repeated except that in place of previously printed transfer paper, a PTFE- coated release paper was coated locally with solutions of the same three disperse dyes as used in Example 1, dried partially or competely and fed into the glazing machine as before.
  • the pile-surfaced product showed the colours of the three dyes both in the web and the pile. Better results were obtained if the solvent was not allowed to evaporate fully before the release paper contacted the fabric.
  • Example 3 Polyethylene coated fabric was fed between the hot roll and the belt as described in Example 1 and previously printed transfer paper was fed between the polyethylene and the hotroll, with the printed surface contacting the polyethylene. On forming a pile surface as described in Example 1 by stripping the fabric from the transfer paper, the pattern originally on the transfer paper appeared in the fibrils of the pile.
  • Example 4 The three dyes listed in Example 1 were applied directly to the hot roll, and the polyethylene coated fabric fed in as described. On stripping the fabric from the hot roll a pile-surfaced product was obtained in which the pile showed colouring due to the dyes applied to the hot roll.
  • Example 5 A piece of newspaper printed with printers carbon black ink, had applied to one printed surface a sheet of colourless polyethylene 0.1 mm and a polyethylene pile was produced on the paper by pressing the polyethylene against a polished stainless steel sheet at l 15C for seconds. On parting the paper from the steel fibres of polyethylene formed between the paper and the steel, and on being cooled by a stream of cold air the fibres separated from the steel surface to form a pile on the paper. It was found that the carbon black had migrated in the polymer so that black fibrils occurred in regions corresponding to printed areas in the original newsprint.
  • Example 6 Example 5 was repeated using a white porous paper to which had been applied a thin coating of a finely ground coloured mineral-based pigment immediately before contacting the pigmented paper with the polyethylene sheet. The pigment migrated into the polyethylene pile, giving a coloured pile surface to the paper.
  • Example 7 Example 6 was repeated using a bleached kraft paper which had been printed with a disperse dye of the type described in Example 1. This was contacted with polyethylene sheet. The dyestuff sublimed into the polyethylene pile giving a coloured pile surface to the paper.
  • Example 8 Bleached kraft paper and disperse dye printed polyethylene film were fed together around a heated roll with the non-printed side adjacent to the hot roll. Tackspinning was accomplished in the normal way to give a coloured pile product.
  • a process for the production of a pile surfaced product pigmented with a given pigment comprising passing a synthetic thermoplastic material having at least one surface which is free of the given pigment and a backing material to a heated pressing surface with said one surface of the synthetic material against said pressing surface under conditions such that if the synthetic thermoplastic material is not prebonded to the backing material bonding occurs between the two and the temperature of the pressing surface being such that the synthetic thermoplastic material temporarily adheres to said heated pressing surface, applying the given pigment to at least one of the synthetic material or the backing material prior to separating the synthetic thermoplastic material from said surface, and then separating the synthetic thermoplastic material from said heated pressing surface so that fibrils are drawn out from the synthetic thermoplastic material, the fibrils becoming pigmented with the given pigment under the influence of the action of said heated pressing surface on the synthetic thermosplastic material.
  • a tack-spinning process for making a pile surfaced product pigmented with a given pigment comprising passing a laminate of a synthetic thermoplastic material component having at least one surface which is free of the given pigment and a backing material component through a heated nip formed between the surfaces of two moving elements one of which is heated to a temperature at which it temporarily adheres to said one surface of the synthetic thermoplastic material, feeding the given pigment into the nip simultaneously with the laminate so that the action of the nip causes migration of the pigment within the laminate, and separating the laminate from the surfaces of the moving elements under conditions such that the synthetic thermoplastic material is drawn into fibrils thereby forming a pile surfaced product and such that simultaneously the pigment is carried into the fibrils as they are formed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US26440272 1971-06-21 1972-06-19 Process for pigmenting a pile surfaced product Expired - Lifetime US3870778A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2895871A GB1399095A (en) 1971-06-21 1971-06-21 Production of a coloured pile surfaced products
GB3729471 1971-08-09

Publications (1)

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US3870778A true US3870778A (en) 1975-03-11

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US26440272 Expired - Lifetime US3870778A (en) 1971-06-21 1972-06-19 Process for pigmenting a pile surfaced product

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US (1) US3870778A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4992367A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU468912B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA990011A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2230318A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2143148B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1399095A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
HK (1) HK26176A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT972154B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7208474A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3976820A (en) * 1974-02-04 1976-08-24 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Process for the production of pile surfaced articles
US4000230A (en) * 1973-08-21 1976-12-28 Metzeler Schaum Gmbh Process for producing sheeting having fibrous surface
US4065245A (en) * 1973-08-21 1977-12-27 Metzeler Schaum Gmbh Apparatus for producing sheeting having a fibrous surface
US4235946A (en) * 1977-02-04 1980-11-25 Raduner & Co. A.G. Tack spun materials
US4436687A (en) 1972-12-04 1984-03-13 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Apparatus and process for the production of pile surface articles
US5674551A (en) * 1995-11-20 1997-10-07 Valmet Corporation Method and apparatus for coating a moving paper web
US6123770A (en) * 1992-11-13 2000-09-26 Valmet Corporation Apparatus for coating a paper web
US6592960B1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2003-07-15 Japan Absorbent Technology Bulky non-woven fabric and method for manufacturing the same
US20040005434A1 (en) * 1997-07-29 2004-01-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Microstructured polymer substrate
US20040099389A1 (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-05-27 Fung-Jou Chen Soft, strong clothlike webs
US20040123963A1 (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent webs including highly textured surface
US7182837B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2007-02-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Structural printing of absorbent webs

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS579070Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1976-01-05 1982-02-22
CN102848714B (zh) * 2012-04-20 2014-10-29 浙江省黄岩服装机械厂 辊式自动冷转印印花机

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3027595A (en) * 1959-11-27 1962-04-03 Takai Unokichi Apparatus and method of continuous molding of a thermoplastic sheet having fine pile-like projections
US3235438A (en) * 1960-05-20 1966-02-15 American Biltrite Rubber Co Molded elastomeric product having integral flexible hair-like filaments
US3236712A (en) * 1962-03-28 1966-02-22 American Biltrite Rubber Co Process of producing molded and printed surface pattern in plastic stock
US3390403A (en) * 1962-12-27 1968-06-25 Jan Van Tilburg Oriented pile structure
US3399425A (en) * 1966-08-23 1968-09-03 Jerome H. Lemelson Apparatus for surface forming materials
US3434861A (en) * 1960-06-16 1969-03-25 Jane Luc Process for forming decorative patterns
US3600260A (en) * 1966-06-01 1971-08-17 Tatsuo Watanabe Artificial leather or suede-like material
US3632291A (en) * 1968-02-26 1972-01-04 Ciba Ltd Transfer printing
US3666397A (en) * 1968-03-22 1972-05-30 Ciba Geigy Ag Transfer printing with fibre-reactive dyes
US3696183A (en) * 1969-10-30 1972-10-03 Ici Ltd Forming a pile on an article
US3702752A (en) * 1969-01-15 1972-11-14 Ici Ltd Process for transfer dyeing of synthetic textile materials
US3707346A (en) * 1970-01-16 1972-12-26 Ciba Geigy Ag Sublimatory transfer dyeing with 2-cyano-1,4-diamino anthraquinones

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3027595A (en) * 1959-11-27 1962-04-03 Takai Unokichi Apparatus and method of continuous molding of a thermoplastic sheet having fine pile-like projections
US3235438A (en) * 1960-05-20 1966-02-15 American Biltrite Rubber Co Molded elastomeric product having integral flexible hair-like filaments
US3434861A (en) * 1960-06-16 1969-03-25 Jane Luc Process for forming decorative patterns
US3236712A (en) * 1962-03-28 1966-02-22 American Biltrite Rubber Co Process of producing molded and printed surface pattern in plastic stock
US3390403A (en) * 1962-12-27 1968-06-25 Jan Van Tilburg Oriented pile structure
US3600260A (en) * 1966-06-01 1971-08-17 Tatsuo Watanabe Artificial leather or suede-like material
US3399425A (en) * 1966-08-23 1968-09-03 Jerome H. Lemelson Apparatus for surface forming materials
US3632291A (en) * 1968-02-26 1972-01-04 Ciba Ltd Transfer printing
US3666397A (en) * 1968-03-22 1972-05-30 Ciba Geigy Ag Transfer printing with fibre-reactive dyes
US3702752A (en) * 1969-01-15 1972-11-14 Ici Ltd Process for transfer dyeing of synthetic textile materials
US3696183A (en) * 1969-10-30 1972-10-03 Ici Ltd Forming a pile on an article
US3707346A (en) * 1970-01-16 1972-12-26 Ciba Geigy Ag Sublimatory transfer dyeing with 2-cyano-1,4-diamino anthraquinones

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4436687A (en) 1972-12-04 1984-03-13 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Apparatus and process for the production of pile surface articles
US4436503A (en) 1972-12-04 1984-03-13 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Apparatus and process for the production of pile surface articles
US4000230A (en) * 1973-08-21 1976-12-28 Metzeler Schaum Gmbh Process for producing sheeting having fibrous surface
US4065245A (en) * 1973-08-21 1977-12-27 Metzeler Schaum Gmbh Apparatus for producing sheeting having a fibrous surface
US3976820A (en) * 1974-02-04 1976-08-24 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Process for the production of pile surfaced articles
US4235946A (en) * 1977-02-04 1980-11-25 Raduner & Co. A.G. Tack spun materials
US6123770A (en) * 1992-11-13 2000-09-26 Valmet Corporation Apparatus for coating a paper web
US5674551A (en) * 1995-11-20 1997-10-07 Valmet Corporation Method and apparatus for coating a moving paper web
US7070727B2 (en) 1997-07-29 2006-07-04 3M Innovative Properties Company Methods for making microstructured polymer substrates
US20040005434A1 (en) * 1997-07-29 2004-01-08 3M Innovative Properties Company Microstructured polymer substrate
US6592960B1 (en) * 1999-05-07 2003-07-15 Japan Absorbent Technology Bulky non-woven fabric and method for manufacturing the same
US20040099389A1 (en) * 2002-11-27 2004-05-27 Fung-Jou Chen Soft, strong clothlike webs
US7182837B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2007-02-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Structural printing of absorbent webs
US7419570B2 (en) 2002-11-27 2008-09-02 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Soft, strong clothlike webs
US20040123963A1 (en) * 2002-12-26 2004-07-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent webs including highly textured surface
US6964726B2 (en) 2002-12-26 2005-11-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent webs including highly textured surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2143148B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-03-03
AU4363072A (en) 1974-01-03
NL7208474A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-12-27
IT972154B (it) 1974-05-20
CA990011A (en) 1976-06-01
JPS4992367A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-03
AU468912B2 (en) 1976-01-29
DE2230318A1 (de) 1973-01-11
GB1399095A (en) 1975-06-25
HK26176A (en) 1976-05-14
FR2143148A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-02

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