Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
  • D03D15/283—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads synthetic polymer-based, e.g. polyamide or polyester fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
  • D03D15/47—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads multicomponent, e.g. blended yarns or threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D03—WEAVING
  • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
  • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
  • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
  • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table; Zincates; Cadmates
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table; Aluminates
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
  • D06M11/47—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table; Vanadates; Niobates; Tantalates; Arsenates; Antimonates; Bismuthates
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
  • D06M11/80—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides
  • D06M11/82—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides with boron oxides; with boric, meta- or perboric acids or their salts, e.g. with borax
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M2101/22—Polymers or copolymers of halogenated mono-olefins
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
  • D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
  • D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M2101/32—Polyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
  • D06M2200/30—Flame or heat resistance, fire retardancy properties
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2501/00—Wearing apparel
  • D10B2501/06—Details of garments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2503/00—Domestic or personal
  • D10B2503/06—Bed linen
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/08—Upholstery, mattresses
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
  • Y10S260/24—Flameproof
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
  • Y10S428/921—Fire or flameproofing
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
  • Y10S57/904—Flame retardant
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2402—Coating or impregnation specified as a size
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2631—Coating or impregnation provides heat or fire protection
  • Y10T442/2713—Halogen containing
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3049—Including strand precoated with other than free metal or alloy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3146—Strand material is composed of two or more polymeric materials in physically distinct relationship [e.g., sheath-core, side-by-side, islands-in-sea, fibrils-in-matrix, etc.] or composed of physical blend of chemically different polymeric materials or a physical blend of a polymeric material and a filler material
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/603—Including strand or fiber material precoated with other than free metal or alloy
  • Y10T442/607—Strand or fiber material is synthetic polymer

Definitions

• Non-flammable textile articles of polyester fibers are 24, 260/805, prepared by blending flammable polyester fibers with 260/80- non-flammable fibers and then applying a sizing or [51] Int. Cl D03d 1/00 bind r of a non-flammable polymer which sizing may 1 1 Field of Search 156, 1 contain a flame retardant synergist.
• flameproof fibers and filaments can be made from various polymeric filmforming materials.
• fibers made from such materials are quite expensive and unsuitable for many uses.
• Such fibers have been blended with filaments or fibers of a flammable nature in an attempt to obtain textile products having non-flammable properties.
• the fibrous products obtained from such a mixture of polyester fibers still have deficiencies making them unsuitable for many uses if the proportion of non-flammable fibrous content is high enough to make the products self cxtinguishing.
• non-flammable blends of a fiber formed of a halogen containing polymer with a polyester type of fiber generally contain from about 50 to about 65 percent by weight of the former type of fiber (unless the blend also contains a large amount of inorganic non-combustible materials) and textile products made therefrom are deficient in certain properties.
• the hand is frequently deficient.
• the use of conventional polymeric binders for sizing a woven fabric or for bonding the fibers of a non-woven web tends to increase the flammability of the textile products.
• ln accordance with the present invention from about 5 to 35 percent ofa non-flammable halogen containing fiber is blended with from about 95 to about 65 percent of a polyester fiber to afford products which when subjected to extreme heat will not melt or burn.
• the products are used to prepare woven fabric or non-woven webs, batts or mat of fibers employed in apparel as a textile fabric or as a liner or padding material, as a stuffing material for upholstering purposes and the like.
• a polymeric sizing material is employed and comprises from about 5 to percent by weight based on the weight of fibers.
• This sizing is a polymer composition which even when normally dried 'or cured or both on the textile material to form part of the finished textile product, does not support combustion.
• filler for cushions or a non-woven textile suitable for use as a fabric such as a curtain, drapery and the like or as a lamina of a multi-ply textile for use in garments, for example, shirt collars, cuffs or linings for mens suits from about 5 to about 50 percent by weight of a polymer binder composition based on fiber weight which when dried and cured does not support combustion, is used as a binder for bonding the fibers together.
• One preferred embodiment of the present invention is concerned with fibrous products comprising a major proportion of polyester fibers obtained from terephthalates such as those prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol, dimethyl terephthalate and l,4- cyclohexanedimethanol and the like.
• terephthalates such as those prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol, dimethyl terephthalate and l,4- cyclohexanedimethanol and the like.
• Tradcnamcs of various products prepared from terephthalatc include Dacron, Terylene, Kodel, Diolen, Enkalene, Fortrcl, Tergal, Terital, Terlenka, Trevira and the like which are of the thermoplastic character.
• these fibers are blended with from about 5 to about 35 percent by weight based on the total weight of the fiber blend, of a halogen containing polymer, such as homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene bromide, tetrafluoroethylene and the like.
• a halogen containing polymer such as homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene bromide, tetrafluoroethylene and the like.
• the fiber blend comprises a mixture of from about 5 to about 35 percent by weight of halogen containing thermoplastic fibers and from about 65 to about 95 percent by weight of thermoplastic polyester fibers.
• Non-woven fabrics are made from these blends by bonding the fibers distributed in random array with a polymer composition which contains a substantial amount of halogen, preferably chlorine, in the prcpolymer.
• non-flammable fibers in the range offrom about 5 to about 50 percent and preferably in the range of from about 5 to about 35 percent, which contain from about 10 to about percent by weight of a halogen such as chlorine and bromine and having a shrinkage temperature of at least 250F. and preferably above 300F., in the blend with the polyester fibers, together with a sizing or binding polymer composition containing from about 60 to about 85 percent by weight ofvinylidene chloride prevents dripping of melted fiber on exposure of the fiber mass to an open flame.
• a halogen such as chlorine and bromine
• Vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinylidene chloride or vinylidene bromide homopolymers and copolymers as well as vinyl chloride containing modacrylic fibers and vinylidene chloride containing modacrylic fibers such as those disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,516.903 may be used in the fiber blend.
• the chlorine containing polymer fiber which is blended with the polyester must be of the type that will not shrivel into a knotty mass nor shrink more than about 15 percent lengthwise (measured on the length of the individual fiber) when subjected to the drying and curing temperatures employed on a sized woven fabric or a fiber-bonded non-woven product. These products are used as textile fabrics or as stuffing in upholstery.
• Preferred polymers include syndiotactic polyvinyl chlorides such as one sold under the trademark Leavil; vinyl chloride polymer fibers which heat-set above 300F., for example, a copolymer containing about 50 percent vinyl chloride and about 50 percent vinyl alcohol sold under the trademark Cordelan; modacrylic fibers formed from copolymers containing from about 35 to about 85 percent by weight of acrylonitrile, 15 to percent of vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride and up to about 10 percent of other comonomers, such as vinyl acetate, 4-vinylpyridine, methyl acrylate,
• a preferred modacrylic fiber is Verel which contains about 50 percent acrylonitrile and about 50 percent vinyl chloride.
• US. Pat. No. 3,516,903 discloses other modacrylic fibers which may be used and said patent is hereby incorporated by reference.
• the coating or bonding copolymers employed in this invention are themselves flame retardants. When an additional flame retardant is employed, such as one or more of those described below, it has been found that there is a synergistic effect in flame retardancy. This synergistic effect is not with only some of the flame retardants mentioned below, but with all of them.
• the more important of the flame retardant synergists contain halogen such as bromine or chlorine, antimony, phosphorous or nitrogen. These various synergists and the oxides of various metals including the oxides of antimony, arsenic, aluminum, boron and zinc may be used. Antimony oxide is especially useful for this purpose.
• the flame retardant additive may also be a halogenated organic compound; a boron containing compound such as zinc borate and the like; a mixture of a halogen organic compound and one of the metal oxides, or a phosphorous compound such as zinc phosphate; a mixture of a halogenated compound with a phosphorous compound or compounds containing phosphorous nitrogen bonds or a mixture of two or more of the foregoing.
• the amount of flame retardant will naturally vary with the nature of the fiber blend and with the efficiency of the additive.
• the amount of additive may be up to about parts by weight per hundred parts of fiber.
• a preferred amount will be in the range of from about 3 to about 7 parts by weight of additive per 100 parts of fiber.
• halogen containing compounds that can be used as flame retardants are those described in US. Pat. No. 3,671,487, column 4, line 6, to column 5, line 68 inclusive.
• Additional non-flammability in the properties of the products can be obtained by introducing flame retardant plasticizers, such as organic phosphate esters, phosphonate esters and the like including His-(2,3- dibromopropyl)phosphate, tributyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricrcsyl phosphate, tris(chloroethyl)pl1osphate and the like.
• the plasticizers may be employed up to about 10 percent by weight, based on the weight of blended fibers. Examples of phosphonates which can be employed appear in US. Ser. No. l39,949, filed May 3, 1971, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
• the fibrous articles of the present invention do not require appreciable amounts of inorganic fillers to ensure that the article is self-extinguishing or that dripping of polymer melt does not occur when the articles are subjected to extreme heat.
• the fibers may be blended by equipment commonly used for this purpose, such as by an air-opener by which small batches of the several different fiber types are introduced in the proportions desired and blown into a chamber by airjets.
• Other devices that can be employed to form a lap or web of the blended fibers include pickers, cards, garnetts, and Rando-Webber machines.
• the fibers produced by such equipment are referred to as randomly distributed even though there may be some orientation, especially in the carded web.
• the length of the fibers or filaments may be from about A to about 4 inches. In apparels. the preferred length is from about l- /z to 2 inches. In some instances.
• the length of fiber may be from about 2 to about 10 inches, even up to indefinite lengths (i.e., continuous filaments).
• the length is in the range of from about l-/2 to about 2 inches plus or minus A: inch.
• a web or fleece, mat or batt may be taken and then converted into yarn on a doubler or twister in conventional fashion which yarn can then be woven into a fabric.
• the product obtained from a card, garnett or Rando-Webber may be used in making a non-woven web or lamina, which may be assembled with itself or other laminae, for example, other woven or non-woven materials.
• These composite laminar fabrics are useful in making curtains, draperies and upholstery stuffing.
• the denier of fibers used in the blends are in the range of from about 0.5 to about 20.
• a denier in the range of from about 5 to about 18 is preferred.
• Smaller deniers in the range of from about 2 to 5 are preferred for making bonded fibertill or non-Wovens for use in apparel fabrics, curtains, draperies and the like.
• it is often desirable to use a blend of fibers of relatively small denier such as in the range of from 2 to 5, with larger denier fibers, such as those in the range of from 8 to 18.
• the coating composition that is applied for bonding fibers in the product comprises a copolymer of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride or a mixture thereof with halogen-free comonomers.
• the proportion of chlorine containing monomers in the copolymer is in the range of from about 60 to percent by weight.
• the copolymer also contains from about to 5 percent by weight based on the total weight of copolymer, of a reactive comonomer material, including N-methylolacrylamide, N-methylolmethacrylamide, N-methylol-4- pentenoguanamine and the like.
• the copolymers may also contain up to about 5 percent by weight of other comonomers which have a reactive hydrogen but are not self-reactive, including monoethylenically unsaturated acids, such as acrylic acid. methacrylic acid, itaconic acid and the like, amides of such acids, such as acrylamide. methacrylamide and the like.
• monoethylenically unsaturated acids such as acrylic acid. methacrylic acid, itaconic acid and the like, amides of such acids, such as acrylamide. methacrylamide and the like.
• esters of such acids such as ,B-hydroxyethyl acrylate and ,B-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, B-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, B-hydroxypropyl acrylate, a-hydroxypropyl acrylate, a-hydroxypropyl methacrylate and the like
• aminoalkyl esters of such acids such as N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, and mixtures of two or more of the reactive monomers.
• the copolymer may also contain from about 9.5 to about 40 percent by weight of relatively non-reactive monomers, such as alkyl acrylates or methacrylates in which the alkyl has from about 1 to about l8 carbon atoms and is preferably lower alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms including methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, hexyl, 2- ethylhexyl, lauryl, stearyl and the like with ethyl acrylate preferred, also other monomers such as vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylonitrile or a mixture of such monomers may be employed.
• relatively non-reactive monomers such as alkyl acrylates or methacrylates in which the alkyl has from about 1 to about l8 carbon atoms and is preferably lower alkyl of from 1 to 8 carbon atoms including methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, hexyl, 2- ethyl
• copolymers may be applied as a solution or a non-aqueous dispersion in a volatile organic solvent, such as xylene, toluene, benzene, ethylene chloride, acetone, dioxane, or mixtures thereof. at a polymer concentration of from about 1 to about 30 percent by weight.
• a volatile organic solvent such as xylene, toluene, benzene, ethylene chloride, acetone, dioxane, or mixtures thereof.
• the copolymers are applied as aqueous dispersions of water insoluble polymers obtained by emulsion copolymerization of the monomers having a solids concentration in the range of from about 20 to 65 percent as initially prepared.
• Application of the coating composition to the fibrous product for sizing or for bonding fibers may be made by spraying the solution or dispersion Onto the fibrous product or by immersing the fibrous product into the solution or dispersion at concentrations having a sufficient wet pick-up ratio to provide the desired proportion of polymer on the fibrous product.
• the product is dried at a temperature in the range of from about 140 to about 200F. and then cured by heating at a temperature in the range of from about 250 to about 310F. for from about 1 to about 5 minutes.
• application by spraying may involve spraying one side of the product, drying it, and then spraying and drying the other side, followed by curing at a temperature and for a time in the range mentioned above.
• the relative proportions of the polyester fiber, the halogen containing polymer fiber and the binder copolymer specified above provide a wide range of bonded fibrous products that are flame resistant, flame retardant, or self-extinguishing.
• the selection of the relative proportions of the polyester and fibers of halogen containing polymer may require (1) the binder polymer to be employed in the lower part of the broad range mentioned above or (2) that the binder polymer contain a proportion of halogen containing monomer that is in the upper part of the range specified.
• TEST METHOD The bonded web sample of about /2 to inch thickness and having the dimensions of inches by 12 inches is suspended vertically in air having normal room temperature and humidity, for example, 25C. and to 90 percent relative humidity.
• a propane gas flame having a length of about l- /2 inches is directed into the surface of the hanging web.
• the web is held in the flame for 5 seconds. This may be done in a protective enclosure, such as a laboratory hood. The extent of charring, melting, dripping and the time of continued burning after removal of the flame is recorded.
• Durability of the sample to washing and dry cleaning is tested by comparing 1) the results obtained on sample swatches of the bonded fibrous articles before any washing or dry-cleaning and (2) the results obtained after subjecting additional swatches of the same bonded article to one or more washing or to one or more dry-cleaning operations or to both washing and dry-cleaning.
• the total wash cycle is about 34 minutes including the rinses and spin drying and the solution used in the wash cycle is 15 gallons of water containing one-half cup of the commercially available detergent sold under the trademark Tide at 140F.
• the total wash cycle is 15 minutes of washing, 5 minutes of spray-spin rinse, a deep rinse at 104F. for about 2- /2 minutes and about 3- /2 minutes dry-spin.
• the laundering is followed by tumble-drying in a home dryer at the hot setting (about to F.). The drying usually takes about 20 minutes.
• the sample is placed in a bag.
• the bag with its contents is placed into a laboratory model ofa dry-cleaning machine containing one gallon of perchloroethylene.
• the bagged sample is tumbled for about 30 minutes.
• the bag is removed and the sample web is dried in a tumble dryer at l20l40F.
• a fiberfill blend (garnet) is prepared containing thoroughly distributed in random array, a mixture of4 parts of S-denier polyethylene terephthalates (Dacron 88) ranging from about 2 to 2- /2 inches long and 1 part of S-denier fibers of vinyl chloride polymer (Leavil) ranging from about l- /z to about 2 inches in length.
• S-denier polyethylene terephthalates Dacron 88
• Leavil vinyl chloride polymer
• a A1 inch thick, 10 X 12 inch sample of this fiber blend (weighing 13.0 grams) is sprayed on one side with a 23 percent solids dispersion ofan emulsion copolymer of 85 percent vinylidene chloride, 9.5 percent methyl acrylate, 3.5 percent ethyl acrylate and Zpercent of an approximately equimolar mixture of acrylamide and N- methylolacrylamide.
• the sample is dried in a forced-air oven at 240 to 260F. for about 2 minutes.
• the other side is similarly sprayed with the same polymer dispersion, dried as before (about 2 minutes at 240 to 260F.), and then cured for 2 minutes at 300F.
• the cured sample weighs 15.1 grams so the amount of the vinylidene chloride binder copolymer therein is approximately 16.1 percent, based on the fiber weight before bonding.
• EXAMPLE 2 By following substantially the procedure of Example 1 and by changing the ratio between the polyester fibers and the polyvinyl chloride fibers from 4:1 to 2:1
• Example l an emulsion copolymer of 66 percent vinylidene chloride, 30 percent ethyl acrylate, and 4 percent acrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide in approximately equimolar based on the weight of fibers, of a copolymer of 'a, from about 60 to 90 percent by weight of one or more chlorine containing monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl chloride, vinylratio, there is obtained a non-flammable fabric.
• the idene chloride or a mixture thereof; add-on of the binder, determined after drying and curb. from about V2 to about 5 percent by weight of N- ing is 16 percent.
• EXAMPLE 3 an alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl acemgmw" tate, styrene, acrylonitrile or mixtures thereof;
• Fibers are fibers (Dacron 88) and S-denier, 2 inches long 2.'A non-woven product according to claim 1 commethacrylic fibers ofa copolymer of 50 percent vinyliri d f dene chloride and 50 percent acrylonitrile (Verel) A 65 t 95 percent by weight of polyester fibers and there is obtained a fiber blend with a 27.5 percent add- B, 5 t 35 percent by weight of fibers of a chlorine on after spraying the binder of Example 1 which prodcontaining polymer selected from the group conuct when exposed to flame in the manner described sisting of polymers of vinyl chloride, vinylidene above neither melts nor drips.
• a non-flammable polyester textile comprised of A. to percent by weight of polyester fibers and B. 5 to 35 percent by weight of fibers of a halogen containing polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene bromide and tetrafluoroethylene, coated or bonded to each other with from about 5 to 50 percent by weight,
• tetrafluoroethylene coated or bonded to each other with from about to 20 percent by weight, based on the weight of fibers, of a copolymer of a. from about 60 to 90 percent by weight of one or more chlorine containing monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride or a mixture thereof;
• the product of claim 2 comprised of A. 65 to 95 percent by weight ofa polyester fiber and B. 5 to 35 percent by weight of fibers of syndiotactic polyvinyl chloride bonded to each other by 5 to 50 percent by weight, based on thcweight of fibers, of
• the product of claim 3 comprised of A. 65 to 95 percent by weight of polyester fibers and B. 5 to 35 percent by weight of fibers of a chlorine containing polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene bromide and tetrafluoroethylene, bonded to each other by 5 to percent by weight of a copolymer of a. from about 60 to 90 percent by weight of vinylidene chloride;
• polyester fiber is derived from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, dimethyl terephthalatc and ethylene glycol or dimethyl terephthalate and l,4-cyclohexanedimethanol.
• polyester fiber is derived from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol, dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol or dimethyl terephthalate and l,4-cyelohexanedimethanol.
• the flame retardant synergist contains halogen, antimony, phosphorous, nitrogen or an oxide of antimony, arsenic. aluminum, boron or zinc.
• the flame retardant synergist contains halogen, antimony, phosphorous, nitrogen or an oxide of antimony, arsenic, aluminum, boron or zinc.
• the method for preparing a flame retardent fiberfill which comprises blending A. 65-95 percent by weight of polyester fibers and B. 5-35 percent by weight of fibers ofa halogen containing polymer selected from the group consisting of polymers of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene bromide and tetrafluorethylene and then treating the blend with from 5-50 percent by weight, based on the weight of the blend, of a copolymer containing a. from about 60 to percent by weight of one or more chlorine containing monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride or a mixture thereof;
• N-methylolacrylamide N-methylolmethacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, N-methylolmcthacrylamide, N-methylol-4-pentenoguanamine or mixtures thereof;
• the method of claim 12 which comprises blend- A. 65 to percent by weight of polyester fiber and B. 5 to 35 percent by weight of fibers of syndiotactic polyvinyl chloride and then treating the blend with from 5 to 50 percent by weight, based on the weight of fibers of a copolymer of a. from about 60 to 90 percent by weight of vinylidene chloride;
• An article of manufacture which comprises the phorous, nitrogen orvan oxide of antimony, arsenon-flammable, polyester textile of claim I. nic, aluminum, boron or zinc per hundred parts 15.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

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Citations (5)

• 1974
  • 1974-01-21 US US435351A patent/US3870590A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1974-06-10 CA CA202,060A patent/CA1049205A/en not_active Expired
  • 1974-06-20 IT IT24211/74A patent/IT1015240B/it active
  • 1974-07-11 FR FR7424226A patent/FR2258476B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1974-07-11 BE BE146485A patent/BE817561A/xx unknown
  • 1974-09-24 GB GB41473/74A patent/GB1487378A/en not_active Expired
  • 1974-09-30 ZA ZA00746184A patent/ZA746184B/xx unknown
  • 1974-10-09 DE DE19742448177 patent/DE2448177A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1974-10-16 SE SE7413056A patent/SE7413056L/xx unknown
  • 1974-10-22 AR AR256190A patent/AR202428A1/es active
  • 1974-10-23 JP JP12234574A patent/JPS5341279B2/ja not_active Expired
  • 1974-10-25 ES ES431357A patent/ES431357A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1974-11-05 FI FI3229/74A patent/FI322974A/fi unknown
• 1975
  • 1975-01-20 AT AT38775A patent/AT347902B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1975-01-21 NL NL7500724A patent/NL7500724A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (5)

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