US3869244A - Burner unit - Google Patents

Burner unit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3869244A
US3869244A US432955A US43295574A US3869244A US 3869244 A US3869244 A US 3869244A US 432955 A US432955 A US 432955A US 43295574 A US43295574 A US 43295574A US 3869244 A US3869244 A US 3869244A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
prechamber
combustion gases
supply nozzle
fuel
fuel supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US432955A
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English (en)
Inventor
Linde Robert Von
Linde Joachim Von
German Kurz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SAID ROBERT VON LINDE BY SAID
SAID ROBERT VON LINDE BY SAID JOACHIM VON LINDE AND GERMAN KURZ
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SAID ROBERT VON LINDE BY SAID
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Publication of US3869244A publication Critical patent/US3869244A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
    • F23C7/06—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner for heating the incoming air

Definitions

  • a burner unit for fluid fuels and also for pulverized coal comprising combustion chamber means, prechamber means, means to enable combustion gases to pass from said combustion chamber means into said prechamber means, mixing pipe means in communication with said prechamber means and said combustion chambers means, a fuel supply nozzle for distributing finely divided fuel towards said mixing pipe means into the drawn-in combustion gases, and means for supplying oxygen-containing gas, f.i.
  • said means for supplying oxygen-containing gas comprises a plurality of exit openings arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of said fuel supply nozzle to increase the suction effect of the oxygen-containing gas on the combustion gases drawn into said prechamber means.
  • This invention relates to burner units for fluid fuels such as oil, gas or pulverized coal which are injected into hot combustion gases drawn back from the combustion chamber into a prechamber by the suction effect of the combustion air or other oxygen-containing gas supplied to the unit at relatively high velocities.
  • Such burner unit is f.i. disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,174,526.
  • the combustion air is supplied through an annular gap co-axial with the longitudinal axis of the fuel supply nozzle and creates a suction effect in the prechamber whereby combustion gases are drawn back from the combustion chamber.
  • the main advantage of such burners is the fact that the fuel is mixed with the hot combustion gases prior to the admixture of combustion air so that the fuel has good ignition properties when it comes in contact with the combustion air. This improves combustion considerably.
  • the known burner suffers from some difficulties one of which is the necessity that the combustion air supply pipe must cross the path of the recirculated combustion gases which affords complicated parts subjected to high thermal stresses.
  • the supply of combustion air through one nozzle only limits the working range of the burner because if the quantity of air is reduced in order to reduce the rate of combustion the velocity of the air streaming through the annular nozzle is correspondingly reduced and therefore also the suction effect on the recirculated combustion gases. In practice, therefore, the capacity of the burner can be varied only between full load and one third load whereas in many applications a variation down to one tenth load would be desirable.
  • the exit openings are connected via pipes or passages with pressurized air supply means. These pipes or passages can be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fuel supply nozzle or they can be inclined thereto with an angle of between 5 and 10, in special cases up to 15. Preferably the exit openings for the combustion air are located downstream of the fuel supply nozzle in order to obtain a big prechamber within which the combustion gases can react with the fuel before the combustion air is added.
  • the exit openings can be combined to individual groups with the openings of each group being symmetrically arranged about the fuel nozzle axis, whereby each group can be connected or disconnected to or form the air source in order to vary the capacity of the burner. Furthermore, the exit openings of one group may have a different size of the exit openings of another group. If only two exit openings are provided they are arranged diametrically opposed and may have different sizes, the smaller opening only being supplied with air at low load.
  • exit openings will be arranged outside the prechamber and f.i. in the wall of the mixing pipe. Nozzles can be inserted in the exit openings.
  • connection and disconnection of individual exit openings or groups of exit openings can take place outside the bumer by means of valves in the supply pipes.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional elevational view of a first embodiment of a burner unit according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional elevational view of a second embodiment of a burner unit according to the invention with the combustion chamber omitted;
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional elevational view of a third embodiment of a burner unit accordingto the invention.
  • reference numeral 7 designates a combustion chamber having a refractory lining l1 and an outlet opening 12 for the burnt gases.
  • the combustion chamber 7 is flanged to a burner assembly generally designated 20 comprising an outer shell 21 and an inner shell 5.
  • a mixing pipe 6 Centrally within inner shell 5 is arranged a mixing pipe 6 having a flange 22 with openings 23.
  • a fuel supply nozzle 1 is arranged in the inner shell 5 co-axial with the longitudinal axis 24 of the burner unit.
  • the space 4 between outer shell 21 and inner shell 5 is connected by a connector 3 to a blower (not shown) which supplies the combustion air.
  • Pipes 2 extend from the space 4 into the prechamber 25 enclosed by inner shell 5 and extending up to the mixing pipe 6.
  • combustion air is supplied through connector 3 to space 4 and through pipes 2 into the prechamber 25.
  • injector effect of the air streaming out of pipes 2 combustion gases are sucked back from the:.combustion chamber 7 through the openings.-,
  • the recirculated combustion gases can flow through the interstices between the pipes 2 into the space surrounding the fuel nozzle 1.
  • three groups of air pipes are formed namely a, a; b, b and c, c.
  • Each group can be individually connected to or disconnected from the air supply. For full load all groups are supplied with air whereas for partial load one or two groups are disconnected.
  • a rotary valve 13 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 can be provided.
  • FIG. 3 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 only by a shorter mixing pipe 6 and longer air supply pipes 2'. Again the recirculated combustion gases enter partially the space around fuel nozzle 1 through the interstices between the air pipes 2., and partially they mix directly with the combustion air. As can be seen, the exit openings of pipes 2' are a relatively great distance from the fuel nozzle 1, thus enabling a long reaction of the fuel with the recirculated combustion gases prior to the admixture of the combustion air.
  • the combustion air is supplied to the interior of the mixing pipe 46 through openings 42 and 42' which are connected to annular chambers 48, 49 respectively, which are in turn connected to air supply pipes 43, 43.
  • the air jets emerging from the openings 42 and 42 into the mixing pipe 46 in direction towards the combustion chamber 7 generate a pressure rise in the downstream portion 46' of the mixture pipe.
  • This pressure rise effects a recirculation of hot combustion gases from the combustion chamber 7 through passages 41 in the wall of the mixing pipe 46 into the prechamber 50 accommodating duel nozzle 1.
  • the fuel which mixes with the hot combustion gases has relatively long time to react therewith until it reaches the air exit openings 42, 42'.
  • the combustion chamber 7, which, owing to the good preparation of the fuel and the intimate mixing with the combustion air can be run with very high performance is liquid-cooled.
  • the air exit openings 42 of the one group are of smaller cross-section than the air exit openings 42' of the other group.
  • the openings of each group are equally spaced around the circumference of mixing pipe 46 with one opening of one group always between two openings of the other group.
  • the one or the other or both groups are supplied with combustion air.
  • This burner is especially suited for operation with liquid hydrocarbons which are burnt with blue flame without generation of soot and even in substochiometric mixture.
  • all combustible gases, particularly the gaseous hydrocarbons can be burnt.
  • the burner of the present invention is also well suited for burning pulverized coal owing to the long reaction time available prior to the mixing with the combustion air. Furthermore, it should be pointed out that the burner can be operated with oxygen instead of air. Finally it should be remarked that the combustion air flowing through space 4 is heated and at the same time forms a heat isolation for the prechamber and the space 8 through which the combustion gases are recirculated.
  • a burner unit comprising combustion chamber means, prechamber means, means to enable combustion gases to pass from said combustion chamber means into said prechamber means, mixing pipe means in communication with said prechamber means and said combustion chamber means, a fuel supply nozzle for distributing finely divided fuel towards said mixing pipe means into said recirculated combustion gases, and means for supplying oxygen-containing gas to the mixture of fuel and combustion gases, wherein said means for supplying oxygen-containing gas comprises a plurality of exit openings arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of said fuel supply nozzle, said means for supplying oxygen-containing gas comprises pipes extending into the prechamber and arranged symmetrically about the fuel supply nozzle, the interstices between adjacent pipes forming passageways for the recirculated combustion gases into the space of the prechamber surrounding the fuel supply nozzle.
  • a burner unit according to claim 1 wherein said pipes are inclined towards the longitudinal axis of the fuel supply nozzle with an angle up to 15, preferably between 5 and 10.
  • a burner unit comprising combustion chamber means, prechamber means, means to enable combustion gases to pass from said combustion chamber means into said prechamber means, mixing pipe means in communication with said prechamber means and said combustion chamber means, a fuel supply nozzle for distributing finely divided fuel towards said mixing pipe means into said recirculated combustion gases, and means for supplying oxygen-containing gas to the mixture of fuel and combustion gases, wherein said means for supplying oxygen-containing gas comprises a plurality of exit openings arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of said fuel supply nozzle, at least two groups of exit openings being provided with each group being connected or disconnected separately to or from a combustion air supply source.
  • a burner unit comprising combustion chamber means, prechamber means, means to enable combustion gases to pass from said combustion chamber means into said prechamber means, mixing pipe means in communication with said prechamber means and said combustion chamber means, a fuel supply nozzle for distributing finely divided fuel towards said mixing pipe means into said recirculated combustion gases, and means for supplying oxygen-containing gas to the mixture of fuel and combustion gases, wherein said means for supplying oxygen-containing gas comprises a plurality of exit openings arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of said fuel supply nozzle, the exit openings being arranged in the inner surface of the mixing pipe and being connected to a source of oxygen-containing gas via annular spaces in the wall of the mixing pipe.
  • a burner unit wherein two groups of exit openings are provided with each group being individually connectable to or disconnectable 5 two adjacent exit openings of from a source of oxygen-containing gas.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
US432955A 1973-01-24 1974-01-14 Burner unit Expired - Lifetime US3869244A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2303280A DE2303280C2 (de) 1973-01-24 1973-01-24 Brenner für fließfähige Brennstoffe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3869244A true US3869244A (en) 1975-03-04

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ID=5869772

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US432955A Expired - Lifetime US3869244A (en) 1973-01-24 1974-01-14 Burner unit

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US3869244A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5641882B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7400539D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2303280C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3927958A (en) * 1974-10-29 1975-12-23 Gen Motors Corp Recirculating combustion apparatus
US4005977A (en) * 1975-01-13 1977-02-01 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Gas circulating combustion means
US4019851A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-04-26 Combustion Engineering, Inc. High energy arc ignitor for burner
US4090839A (en) * 1976-10-07 1978-05-23 Von Linde Robert Burner units for fluid fuels
US4408983A (en) * 1980-08-29 1983-10-11 British Gas Corporation Recuperative burners
FR2565328A1 (fr) * 1984-06-05 1985-12-06 United Stirling Ab & Co Dispositif pour la combustion d'un carburant et d'oxygene en melange avec une partie des gaz formes durant la combustion
US4913646A (en) * 1988-05-18 1990-04-03 Kockums Marine Ab Combustion device
US4945841A (en) * 1988-05-25 1990-08-07 Tokyo Gas Company Limited Apparatus or method for carrying out combustion in a furnace
US5062789A (en) * 1988-06-08 1991-11-05 Gitman Gregory M Aspirating combustion system
US5180301A (en) * 1991-08-21 1993-01-19 Daniel Gross Air-oil burner
US5466148A (en) * 1992-11-20 1995-11-14 Witteveen; Gustaaf J. Low NOX combustor
US5569029A (en) * 1992-05-13 1996-10-29 Ppv Verwaltungs Ag Burner
EP0816755A3 (de) * 1996-06-25 1998-11-11 Heinrich Köhne Verfahren und Konstruktion eines Vormischbrenners für gasförmige, flüssige und/oder staubförmige Brennstoffe
US6652265B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2003-11-25 North American Manufacturing Company Burner apparatus and method
US20070154855A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Great Southern Flameless, Llc System, apparatus and method for flameless combustion absent catalyst or high temperature oxidants
US20070272201A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2007-11-29 Ebara Corporation Combustion Apparatus and Combustion Method
RU2347141C2 (ru) * 2004-09-02 2009-02-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Лкц-Наука" Устройство для сжигания твердых отходов
RU2347140C2 (ru) * 2004-07-23 2009-02-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Лкц-Наука" Устройство для сжигания отходов
US20140106286A1 (en) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-17 Csk Inc. (Clean Systems Korea, Incorporated) Burner for scrubber
US9188330B1 (en) * 2011-03-16 2015-11-17 Astec, Inc. Apparatus and method for mixing tube assembly
WO2015193221A1 (de) 2014-06-18 2015-12-23 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Brennervorrichtung für die partialoxidation von gasförmigen vergasungsstoffen
US20160348898A1 (en) * 2015-05-27 2016-12-01 Hino Motors, Ltd. Burner
US10569619B2 (en) * 2016-09-15 2020-02-25 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Combustion chamber assembly unit for a fuel-operated vehicle heater
WO2024009176A1 (en) * 2022-07-07 2024-01-11 Technische Universiteit Eindhoven A burner and a process for combusting metal powder

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2516266C2 (de) * 1975-04-14 1987-04-02 Linde, Robert von, Dipl.-Ing., 8032 Gräfelfing Brenner für fließfähigen Brennstoff
JPS5827217Y2 (ja) * 1978-05-30 1983-06-13 大同特殊鋼株式会社 排ガス自己再循環式バ−ナ
JPS5819929B2 (ja) * 1978-07-11 1983-04-20 新日本製鐵株式会社 低ＮＯ↓ｘバ−ナ−
JPS55102822A (en) * 1979-02-02 1980-08-06 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha Ltd Combustion air feeder
US4378205A (en) 1980-04-10 1983-03-29 Union Carbide Corporation Oxygen aspirator burner and process for firing a furnace
JPS5719739U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1980-07-09 1982-02-01
JPS62202682U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-06-11 1987-12-24
ES2064538T3 (es) * 1990-06-29 1995-02-01 Wuenning Joachim Procedimiento y dispositivo para la combustion de combustible en un recinto de combustion.
DE4430267A1 (de) * 1994-08-26 1996-02-29 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brenner zur flammenlosen Verbrennung eines Brenngas-Luftgemisches
DE19635545C1 (de) * 1996-09-02 1998-02-26 Viessmann Werke Kg Verfahren zur sicheren Zündung und zum Anfahren von Brennern mit Abgasrückführung beim Einsatz flüssiger oder gasförmiger Brennstoffe und Brennereinrichtungen zur Durchführung der Verfahren
US5967376A (en) * 1997-08-05 1999-10-19 Rieke Corporation Insert molded tamper evident pouring spout
DE19813336C2 (de) * 1998-03-26 2002-08-01 Viessmann Werke Kg Brenner für flüssige Brennstoffe

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2918117A (en) * 1956-10-04 1959-12-22 Petro Chem Process Company Inc Heavy fuel burner with combustion gas recirculating means
US3741166A (en) * 1972-02-10 1973-06-26 F Bailey Blue flame retention gun burners and heat exchanger systems

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB822776A (en) * 1956-08-03 1959-10-28 Heurtey & Cie Improvements relating to liquid fuel burners
GB825880A (en) * 1956-08-23 1959-12-23 Reginald Percy Fraser O B E Improvements relating to the production of hot gases by the burning of liquid fuel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2918117A (en) * 1956-10-04 1959-12-22 Petro Chem Process Company Inc Heavy fuel burner with combustion gas recirculating means
US3741166A (en) * 1972-02-10 1973-06-26 F Bailey Blue flame retention gun burners and heat exchanger systems

Cited By (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3927958A (en) * 1974-10-29 1975-12-23 Gen Motors Corp Recirculating combustion apparatus
US4005977A (en) * 1975-01-13 1977-02-01 Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology Gas circulating combustion means
US4019851A (en) * 1975-09-22 1977-04-26 Combustion Engineering, Inc. High energy arc ignitor for burner
US4090839A (en) * 1976-10-07 1978-05-23 Von Linde Robert Burner units for fluid fuels
US4408983A (en) * 1980-08-29 1983-10-11 British Gas Corporation Recuperative burners
US4613299A (en) * 1984-06-05 1986-09-23 Tommy Backheim Device for combustion of a fuel and oxygen mixed with a part of the combustion gases formed during the combustion
FR2565328A1 (fr) * 1984-06-05 1985-12-06 United Stirling Ab & Co Dispositif pour la combustion d'un carburant et d'oxygene en melange avec une partie des gaz formes durant la combustion
US4913646A (en) * 1988-05-18 1990-04-03 Kockums Marine Ab Combustion device
US4945841A (en) * 1988-05-25 1990-08-07 Tokyo Gas Company Limited Apparatus or method for carrying out combustion in a furnace
US5062789A (en) * 1988-06-08 1991-11-05 Gitman Gregory M Aspirating combustion system
US5180301A (en) * 1991-08-21 1993-01-19 Daniel Gross Air-oil burner
US5569029A (en) * 1992-05-13 1996-10-29 Ppv Verwaltungs Ag Burner
US5466148A (en) * 1992-11-20 1995-11-14 Witteveen; Gustaaf J. Low NOX combustor
EP0816755A3 (de) * 1996-06-25 1998-11-11 Heinrich Köhne Verfahren und Konstruktion eines Vormischbrenners für gasförmige, flüssige und/oder staubförmige Brennstoffe
US6652265B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2003-11-25 North American Manufacturing Company Burner apparatus and method
US20070272201A1 (en) * 2004-02-10 2007-11-29 Ebara Corporation Combustion Apparatus and Combustion Method
RU2347140C2 (ru) * 2004-07-23 2009-02-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Лкц-Наука" Устройство для сжигания отходов
RU2347141C2 (ru) * 2004-09-02 2009-02-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Лкц-Наука" Устройство для сжигания твердых отходов
US20070154855A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Great Southern Flameless, Llc System, apparatus and method for flameless combustion absent catalyst or high temperature oxidants
US20070269755A2 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-11-22 Petro-Chem Development Co., Inc. Systems, apparatus and method for flameless combustion absent catalyst or high temperature oxidants
US9188330B1 (en) * 2011-03-16 2015-11-17 Astec, Inc. Apparatus and method for mixing tube assembly
US9068742B2 (en) * 2012-10-15 2015-06-30 Csk Inc. Burner for scrubber
US20140106286A1 (en) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-17 Csk Inc. (Clean Systems Korea, Incorporated) Burner for scrubber
WO2015193221A1 (de) 2014-06-18 2015-12-23 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Brennervorrichtung für die partialoxidation von gasförmigen vergasungsstoffen
DE102014211757A1 (de) 2014-06-18 2016-01-07 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Brennervorrichtung für die Partialoxidation von gasförmigen Vergasungsstoffen
DE102014211757B4 (de) 2014-06-18 2018-05-30 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Brennervorrichtung für die Partialoxidation von gasförmigen Vergasungsstoffen
US20160348898A1 (en) * 2015-05-27 2016-12-01 Hino Motors, Ltd. Burner
US10316715B2 (en) * 2015-05-27 2019-06-11 Hino Motors, Ltd. Burner
US10569619B2 (en) * 2016-09-15 2020-02-25 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG Combustion chamber assembly unit for a fuel-operated vehicle heater
WO2024009176A1 (en) * 2022-07-07 2024-01-11 Technische Universiteit Eindhoven A burner and a process for combusting metal powder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4997934A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-09-17
JPS5641882B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-10-01
BR7400539D0 (pt) 1974-08-22
DE2303280C2 (de) 1982-07-29
DE2303280A1 (de) 1974-07-25

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