US3867032A - Arrangement for objectively evaluating characteristics of gems, particularly diamonds - Google Patents

Arrangement for objectively evaluating characteristics of gems, particularly diamonds Download PDF

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Publication number
US3867032A
US3867032A US449553A US44955374A US3867032A US 3867032 A US3867032 A US 3867032A US 449553 A US449553 A US 449553A US 44955374 A US44955374 A US 44955374A US 3867032 A US3867032 A US 3867032A
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light
gem
arrangement
focal point
plane
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Gernot Klaus Bruck
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Diharo Diamanten Handels Establishment Cie
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Diharo Diamanten Handels Establishment Cie
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
    • G01N21/87—Investigating jewels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/389—Precious stones; Pearls

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  • the arrangement includes an ellipsoidal mirror having [21] Appl. No.: 449,553 a first focal point and a second focal point. Light is emitted from the first focal point. A gem is supported at the second focal point with such an orientation that [30] Forelgn Apphcatmn Pnomy Data the light emitted from the first focal point and reach- Mar. 20, 1973 Germany 2313783 ing and entering the gem will be reflected by the gem Sept.
  • the invention relates to an arrangement for the evaluation of gems, such as colored and uncolored precious and semiprecious stones, and particularly diamonds. Although the invention will be described with respect to the evaluation of characteristics of diamonds, it can also be used for the evaluation of other gems.
  • Gem support means holds a gem at the second focal point with such an orientation that light emitted from the first focal point and reaching and entering the gem will be reflected by the gem towards a plane which contains the first focal point and which is oriented normal to a line joining the two focal points of the mirror.
  • the gem support means includes means surrounding and engaging the gem and blocking off the passage of light past'the gem around the outermost portions of the gem.
  • Light measuring means is provided for measuring the light emitted from the first focal pointand reflected by the gem towards said plane.
  • An ellipsoidal mirror is characterized by the fact that all light rays emitted from one of the two focal points thereof will be reflected by the surface of the mirror and pass through the other of the two focal points.
  • photocells on the support structure beneath the gem there can be provided photocells and possibly also a condensing lens and an aperture, such photocells receiving the light which is lost, i.e., the light which is not reflected out of the gem in direction towards the aforementioned plane and which instead leaves the gem travelling in the opposite direction, thereby not contributing to the brilliance" and accordingly the quality of the gem.
  • Loss of brilliance of this type results from impeprfect cut, from the presence of inclusions or flaws, and may also result from absorption of light by the gem.
  • the gem support arrangement is rotatable about an axis which passes through the second focal point, and is furthermore pivotable about such focal point. This permits deliberate tilting of the gem to an extent sufficient to compensate for the small amount of measurement error which may be attributed to the incompleteness of the ellipsoidal mirror resulting from the presence of photocells in the aforementioned plane, for example, and to the presence of the light source.
  • the measurement of the light reflected by the stone is a measurement of the intensity of the light.
  • the light employed can be of successive different colors of the spectrum, with the intensity of the reflected light being measured separately for each color.
  • Many cut stones have to a certain extent a fluorescent character; short-wavelength light entering the stone may produce an emission of long-wavelength light, i.e., there may occur a frequency shift in direction towards the infrared end of the spectrum.
  • the incident short-wavelength light results in a detection by the photocells of a low efficiency situation (namely, a decrease corresponding to the fluorescence component), whereas upon a subsequent measurement using longer-wavelength light the photocells will detect a greater apparent efficiency with respect to the amount of light reflected, as a result of the fluorescence.
  • this fluorescence is without meaning, because all that is actually determined is the amount of light energy reflected by the stone, irrespective of whether the reflection of energy is direct or the result of a fluorescent effect.
  • this fluorescent effect results in certain deviations of inaccuracies, explained in greater detail with respect to specific embodiments of the invention.
  • polychromatic light is resolved into its spectral components by means of a spectral apparatus, e.g., a monochromator, and the individual spectral components are separately and successively conducted to the first focal point of the ellipsoidal mirror in order to measure the intensity ofthe reflected light by means ofphotocells.
  • a spectral apparatus e.g., a monochromator
  • polychromatic light is emitted from the first focal point of the mirror, and the light reflected by the stone is conducted to a spectral apparatus and thereupon resolved into its spectral components, the intensity of such spectral components being measured by means of photocells.
  • a laser beam being parallel to the line joining the focal points of the mirror and preferably being shiftable by means of an adjustable mirror.
  • the gem can be turned, by turning the gem support, and simultaneously the laser beam can be slowly shifted in radial direction, so that a plot of the output signals of the photocells will constitute a sort of spiral development of the volume of the stone, and such signals when plotted in graph form constitute objective information concerning the size, position and character of the flaws.
  • the laser beam enters the stone at the pyramidal lower portion thereof.
  • the laser beam will then emerge from the opposite side of the pyramidal body of the gem; should the beam encounter an inclusion inside the stone, :1 portion of the beam will be dispersed, and the component of the beam emerging out of the table face of the stone, in direction normal to the table face, can be measured by means of photocells provided in the gem support structure in order to generate data concerning the presence and size of inclusions.
  • This radiation emerging from the table face of the stone, in a direction normal to the table face can be condensed by means of a convergent lens and passed through an aperture onto the photocell arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 shows a modification of a portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1'
  • FIG. 3 shows a modification of a portion of the embodiment of FIG. 1'
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic depiction of a set-up for determining the color ofa stone using the arrangement of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic depiction of a set-up for determining the color of a stone using the arrangements of FIGS. 6 and 7;
  • FIG. 6 is a vertical section through another embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a vertical section through a further embodiment
  • FIG. 8 depicts a modification of a portion of the em bodiment of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 9 depicts a cut diamond as seen from above
  • FIG. 10 is a depiction of the path travelled by a laser beam employed to detect flaws in a cut stone
  • FIG. 11 is a graph depicting the results of a geometri cal development" of the volume of the stone being evaluated.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph depicting results of measurements taken to determine the color characteristics of a stone.
  • FIG. 13 is a vertical section through a set-up for performing a geometrical development of the volume of the stone, to detect flaws.
  • FIG. 14 depicts a modification of a portion of the structure shown in FIG. 13.
  • FIG. 1 The arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is designated generally with reference numeral 10. It is comprised of an ellipsoidal housing, in turn comprised of a lower part 12, a reflector part 14 and a top or cap part 16, these parts being connected together by means of annular flanges 13, 15 and corresponding annular projections 13a, 15a received in and retained by the flanges 13, 15.
  • the interior surface of the reflector part 14 is formed as an ellipsoidal mirror 20.
  • Light is emitted from the first or upper focal point 18 of the ellipsoid
  • the emitted light originates from a non-illustrated light source, travels in direction of the arrow 39a and enters an elongated fiber-optic light-conductive element 39, from the end of which the light is emitted into the interior of the arrangement 10.
  • the end portion 40 of the fiberoptic element 39 is positioned at the first focal point 18 and has a radiation characteristic of l80; for example, it may be of hemispherical configuration.
  • the illustrated diamond is held in a support 26, so positioned that the second focal point 19 of the ellipsoidal mirror lies in the Rondist plane 22 of the diamond.
  • the edge 23 of the diamond 21 is surrounded and held by a suitable clo: sure, for example an elastic sealing ring 34, in order to prevent light from passing around the edge 23.
  • the support 26 is comprised of a conical or pyramidal chamber into which the lower portion 35 of the diamond 21 projects in which there is provided a plurality of photocells 36 so arranged that they lie adjacent to and facing the surface of the lower portion 35 of the diamond 21.
  • the support 26 is provided at its lower end with a socket 28 into which can be inserted the output shaft 29 of a non-illustrated drive motor, to rotate the support 26 in the direction of the arrow 32.
  • the lower housing portion 12 is provided with a cover plate 24 which merges into a central portion 25 the inner surface of which is a portion of a spherical surface.
  • the diamond support 26 is provided with a complementary portion 27, the outer surface of which is a portion of a spherical surface.
  • the portion 27 fits in the portion 25, so as to form a ball-type joint, permitting movement of the support 26 in the direction of the double-headed arrow 31.
  • the diamond support 26 can be pivoted about the center of the sperical surfaces of portions 25, 27, by means of the shaft 29.
  • the shaft 29 passes through an opening 30 in the housing portion 12 large enough to permit a substantial degree of such pivoting movement.
  • Reference numeral 17a designates a plane which 'is oriented normal to the line '17 which connects together I into place, and light is emitted from the end portion 40 of the fiber-optic element 39.
  • the output terminals of the photocells 36 located'in the movable support 26 can be connected to mercury contacts, to ensure a low-loss transmission of the output signals of the photocells.
  • photocell is employed in the broadest possible sense and is to be understood as signifying any light-sensitive or light-responsive element or device capable of generating a signal or indication of the intensity or amount of incident light, in addition to such elements and devices as produce a light-dependent electrical current or voltage or vary the magnitude of such current or voltage (e.g., a photoresistor).
  • FIG. 2 components corresponding to those of FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numeral, but primed. These need not be described again.
  • FIG. 2 In the arrangement of FIG. 2, use is made of a boxshaped support 26. Provided in the interior of support 26' are photocells 36' corresponding to photocells 36 of FIG. 1. However, there is additionally provided a photocell 36a located to receive the just-mentioned beam of light which passes through the central portion of the diamond. Separate detection of this beam oflight makes it possible to add or subtract from the various measured and computed amounts of light an amount corresponding to this through-passing central light beam, thereby eliminating the measurement error referred to.
  • FIG. 3 depicts one light source which can be employed. It includes a laser 45, the laser beam 46 of which is deflected by a mirror 44 into the interior of the arrangement 10.
  • the mirror 44 is advantageously mounted on a small pipe-shaped member 48 secured to a supporting structure 43, there being mounted at the lower end of member 48 a ground glass sphere 47.
  • the sphere 47 emits the laser light over an angle of 180 and will, as was the case with the end portion 40 in FIG. 1, be positioned coincident with the focal point 18 of the ellipsoidal mirror 20.
  • Polychromatic light from a light source 390 is broken up into its consitutent color components by passage through a spectral apparatus 380, for example, a monochromator, and the individual color components are individually led into the interior of the apparatus 10 by means of the fiber-optic element 39.
  • a spectral apparatus 380 for example, a monochromator
  • the photocells 37 which will be arranged so as to form as nearly as possible an unborken photoresponsive surface, may each have a pair of output terminals, with the individual photocells being all connected together in series or in parallel, depending for example upon whether the photocells generate a lightdependent voltage or a light-dependent current. In this way, the measurements explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 can be performed for each of the spectral components separately. This will be explained still further with respect to FIG. 12.
  • FIGS. 5-7 Another embodiment of the invention is depicted in FIGS. 5-7, the operation of this embodiment being explained with reference to FIG. 5.
  • Components corresponding to those shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 are designated with the same reference numerals, but with the addition of a double prime.
  • Polychromatic light is emitted into the interior of the apparatus from a light source 39a.
  • the light reflected back from the diamond impinges upon a light conducting arrangement 371-375, and is conducted to a spectral apparatus 380" which resolves the light into its constituent color components, which are then individually measured by means of non-illustrated photocells provided in the apparatus 380".
  • the electrical output of the plurality of photocells is measured by an ammeter or voltmeter 381".
  • the photocells 37 of FIG. 1 are replaced by a relatively thick bundle 371 of light-conducting elements, for example glass or fiberoptic elements.
  • FIG. 6 depicts a modified gem support 126 in the form of a generally annular body provided with an annular portion 127 whose outer surface is spherical and cooperates with a complementary spherical surface of a central portion of the cover plate 124 of the lower housing part 12" of the apparatus 10".
  • the gem support 126 is provided at the lower end of an apron portion 132 with a circle of radially extending gear teeth, cooperating with a worm-gear drive 130 fixedly mounted on the apparatus 10 and operative for rotating the gem support 126 about its vertical central axis.
  • the photocells 136 are arranged in the interior of the box-shaped member 128, member 128 being rigidly mounted on a shaft 129.
  • the box-shaped unit 128 is pivotable in the direction of the double-head arrow 131 together with the rest of the gem support 126, by reason of the spherical configuration of the facing surfaces of portions 127 and 125.
  • the outputs of the plurality of photocells 136 can be connected by leads or other suitable means to a suitable measuring device.
  • the gem support l26 is provided at the upper surface thereof with a recess 138 accommodating two removable thin sheet-metal or plastic disks 139. These are provided with central openings 140 and serve to encircle and engage the gem above and below the Rondist edge thereof, as clearly shown in FIG. 6. Depending upon the size of the stone, use will be made of different ones of a plurality of such disks 139, having central openings of different respective diameters.
  • the facing surfaces bounding the annular gaps 141 can be coated with an antifriction layer, for example, tetrafluoroethylene, to reduce friction.
  • the diamond 21 together with the rotatable support 126, driven by the worm gear 130, turns, the boxshaped unit 128 turning therewith, and the whole assembly being pivotable. (See FIG. 13 for an illustration of the gem support assembly in pivoted position.)
  • FIG. 7 a realtively thick bundleof ligh ggonductivemelgments 37l is employ'ed'theconstruction of FIG. 7 mafis'do with far fewer.
  • FIG. 7 construction there is provided in the plane l7a", oriented normal to the line l7"con necting together the two focal points of the ellipsoidal mirror, an annular condensing lens 372 which condenses the light reflected back from the gem and focusses such reflected light onto an associated focal ring 374.
  • Use can accordingly be made of a relatively thin ring of light-conducting elements 375 having ends positioned coincident with such focal ring, these lightconducting elements conducting the focussed light to the spectral apparatus or monochromator 380'.
  • Other lens systems or lenses can be employed, for example, a lens having an eccentric focal point and a bore through which can pass the light-emitting lightconductive element or bundle of elements 39".
  • FIG. 7 there is depicted in dash-dot lines a further possibility, namely the use of an annular parabolic mirror 373, instead of the annular condensing lens 372.
  • the annular parabolic mirror 373 would have a focal ring substantially coincident with the ends of the lightconducting elements 375.
  • FIG. 12 to describe the manner in which the output signals of the photocells of the arrangements of FIGS. 1-4 are employed to determine the color, color intensity and color absorption of the diamond.
  • Either a spectral apparatus is connected to the output of the light source (see source 390 and apparatus 380 in FIG. 4), or use is made of an adjustable laser 45 (FIG. 3), and the diamond is illuminated by monochromatic light in the color sequence of the spectrum, from ultraviolet, to blue, to green, to yellow, to red, to infrared.
  • the output signals of the photocells 37 are continuously measured during this continuous change of color, and the results are plotted in the form of the curve 73 of FIG. 12.
  • the abscissa 71 represents the wavelengths of the light in nanometers (I ultraviolet; II violet; Ill blue; IV green; V yellow; VI red; and VII infrared).
  • the ordinate 70 represents the light transmission.
  • the standard color transmission curve 72 for adiamond of the highest quality are depicted in FIG. 12 .
  • the integral of the difference between the curves, taken with respect to wavelength, and corresponding to the sum of areas 74 and 74, constitutes a total measure of the color characteristics of the diamond being evaluated in comparison to those of a standard diamond.
  • the cap portion 16 is provided with a slit-like opening 38 through which passes a small pipe-like element 48' carrying a mirror 44' which deflects the laser beam 46.
  • the length of the slit-shaped opening 38 is approximately equal to the radius of the largest diamond 21 to be evaluated.
  • a segment of the photocell arrangement is removable (this segment being designated by numeral 41 in FIG. 1)
  • the pipe-like member 48' in this embodiment is not provided at its lower end with a glass sphere such as sphere 47 of FIG. 3.
  • the pipe-like member 48' with the deflecting mirror 44' thereon can be shifted in radial direction, as indicated by the doubleheaded arrow 49, with the laser beam 46 accordingly '10 being likewise shifted in radial. direction.
  • the diamond 21 is turned in the direction ofthe arrow 32 in FIG. 1, then by measuring the output signals of the photocells there is achieved a sort of spiral-shaped geometrical development" of the volume of the diamond 21, indicated in FIG. 10 by means of a broken spiral line 56.
  • FIG. 11 depicts an example of the results of such a development.” Plotted along the abscissa of the graph in FIG.
  • 11 is number of the turn of the spiral, for example, the numbers 1,2, 3 designating the first, second and third turns ofthe spiral line 56; intermediate thesuccessive integers along'the abscissa are indications of the angle of rotation, relative to a preselected-reference orientation. Plotted along the ordinate in FIG. 11 is the magnitude of the output signal of the photocell arrangement 36.
  • the diamond 21 depicted in FIGS. 9 and 10 contains two inclusions57, 60.
  • the small inclusion 60 on, account of the dispersion of the laser beam 46' which the inclusion 60 effects, appears-in the graph of FIG. 11 only in between the third and fourth turns of the spiral path, for example, and at angular orientation of about 270, asa jump in the curve.
  • the large iclusion 57 appears as several jumps 57, 57", 57", 57” in the curve, in the third through eighth turns of the spiral beam path, at an angular orientation of about 180, and increasing in magnitude and then decreasing in magnitude.
  • the intensity of the light dispersion caused by the inclusion can be deduced from the magnitude of the jump in the curve of FIG. 11, and provides in addition informationupon which may be based a determination of the type of inclusion, i.e., whether a gaseous inclusion, or a bodily inclusion (impurity).
  • FIG. 13 A variation of such development of the diamond, for the purpose of determining the presence of inclusions or flaws, will be explained with reference to FIG. 13.
  • a gem support 126 like the gem support 126 of FIG. 1, with the laer beam arrangement 44", 45", 46" of FIG. 8 being shown here only diagrammatically.
  • the parts of the support 126 in FIG. 13 corresponding to those of FIG. 6 are identified with the same reference numerals, primed.
  • the diamond is supported by the earlier-described disk arrangement 139' in upside down position.
  • the laser beam 46' emitted by the laser 45 is reflected by the mirror 44 into the diamond 21, and in the case of a perfect or ideal diamond the beam 46" will in its entirety be reflected out of the diamond and emerge from the upper portion thereof (as viewed in FIG. 13) as a beam 52.
  • the laser beam will to some extent be dispersed within the diamond, resulting in the emission from the face of the diamond 21 of parallel rays 151, the intensity of which is measured by means of the photocells 136' in the support 126'.
  • These rays emitted from the diamond face 150 provide a further way of measuring or determining the presence of inclusions in the diamond 21, and can be used in conjunction with a geometric development" of the diamond 21 such as explained with reference to FIGS. 8-11.
  • the aforedescribed geometric development" of the volume of the diamond 21 by pivoting and rotation of the diamond support 126' can be preprogrammed, by experimentally determining the optimum angle of incidence of the laser beam 46" near thelower vertex of the diamond 21 and near the Rondist plane (22 in FIG. 1); then, the already described geometric development" of the volume of the diamond can be performed relative to this optimum angle of incidence.
  • FlG. l4 depicts a modification according to which there is provided beneath the daimond a convergent lens 152 which condenses the parallel rays 151 emitted from the lower face of the diamond (as viewed in FIG. 14) and guides the. light through an aperture member 153 to the photocells 136'.
  • the arrangement is otherwise the same as described with respect to other em bodiments above, and makes use of a box-shaped compartment 128" mounted for pivoting movement but rotatable with the illustrated drive shaft.
  • An arrangement for evaluating the optical characteristics of gems, especially diamonds comprising, in combination, an ellipsoidal mirror having a first focal point and a second focal point; light-emitting means for emitting light from said first focal point; gem support means for holding a gem at said second focal point with such an orientation that light emitted from said first focal point and reaching and entering the gem will be reflected by the gem towards a plane containing said first focal point and oriented normal to a line joining said focal points, said gem support means including means surrounding and engaging the gem and blocking off the passage oflight past such gem around the outermost portions of the gem; and light-measuring means for measuring the light emitted from said first focal point and reflected by such gem towards said plane.
  • said light-measuring means comprises a plurality of photocells arranged in said plane and oriented to receive light emitted from said first focal point and reflected by such gem towards said plane.
  • said light-measuring means includes condensing lens means for condensing onto said light-sensitive means light penetrating the gem and emerging from such opposite side.
  • said light-measuring means includes a member provided with an aperture so positioned relative to said gem support means that light penetrating a gem supported by said gem support and emerging from such opposite side must pass through said aperture to reach said light-sensitive means.
  • said light-measuring means includes condensing lens means for condensing onto said light-sensitive means light penetrating the gem and emerging from such opposite side.
  • said gem has a Rhondist plane and wherein said gem support means comprises a chamber in which siad light-sensitive means is positioned, said light-sensitive means being rotatable and pivotable with said gem support means, and wherein said gem support means comprises two centrally apertured members oriented and positioned to surround and releasably engage a gem being supported by said support means above and below the edge of the Rondist plane of the gem.
  • centrally apertured members are removable, and including a plurality of additional centrally apertured members having central apertures of different sizes to accommodate gems of different sizes.
  • said gem support means comprises a gem-engaging first portion having an outer spherical surface and a second portion having a complementary inner spherical surface, said first portion being mounted in said second portion so as to permit both rotational and pivoting movement of said first portion relative to said second portion.
  • said light-measuring means comprises a light measuring instrument for separately measuring the spectral components of light, and light-conducting means operative for conducting light from said plane to said light measuring instrument.
  • said light-conducting means comprises condensing lens means operative for focussing the light reflected into said plane onto a second plane, and means for transmitting the focussed light from such second plane to said light measurement instrument.
  • said light-conducting means comprises focussing mirror means operative for focussing the light reflected into said plane onto a second plane, and means for transmitting the focussed light from such second plane to said light measuring instrument.
  • said light measuring instrument comprises means for resolving light into its spectral components and for separately measuring the intensity of such components.
  • said light measuring instrument comprises photosensitive means operative for converting light incident thereupon into electrical signals, and electrical measuring means operative for indicating the intensity of the light by indicating the strength of such electrical signals.
  • said light-emitting means comprises a remotely located source of light and light-conducting means having a first end connected to said source to receive light and having a second end located at said first focal point to emit light and having a radiating character of 17.
  • said light-emitting means comprises a laser arrangement operative for emitting from said first focal point a laser beam.
  • said light-emitting means further comprises deflecting mirror means operative for deflecting the laser beam of said laser beam arrangement to cause such beam to travel in direction parallel to the line joining said focal points.
  • said light-emitting means comprises a ground glass sphere located'at said first focal point, said laser beam being oriented to intersect said first focal point.
  • said light-emitting means comprises a ground glass hemisphere located at said first focal point, said laser beam being oriented to intersect said first focal point.

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US449553A 1973-03-20 1974-03-08 Arrangement for objectively evaluating characteristics of gems, particularly diamonds Expired - Lifetime US3867032A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19732313783 DE2313783C3 (de) 1973-03-20 Vorrichtung zur Feststellung der Bewertungsdaten von Farbedelsteinen, insbesondere Brillanten
DE19732344144 DE2344144C3 (de) 1973-09-01 Vorrichtung zur Feststellung der Bewertungsdaten von Farbedelsteinen, insbesondere Brillanten

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JP (1) JPS5617617B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT344419B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA997940A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH568563A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK139399C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
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Cited By (36)

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US4049350A (en) * 1974-09-18 1977-09-20 Dihaco Diamanten Handels Compagnie Est. Process and apparatus for detecting inclusions
US4152069A (en) * 1976-02-05 1979-05-01 Dihaco/Diamanten Handels Compagnie Process and apparatus for ascertainment of the valuation data of gems
US4162125A (en) * 1976-05-20 1979-07-24 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Process and device for detecting inclusions in crystals
EP0007809A1 (en) * 1978-07-28 1980-02-06 Gem Instruments Corporation Apparatus for producing a simulated visual image of a selected gemstone
US4291975A (en) * 1979-10-03 1981-09-29 Scientific Gem Identification, Inc. Apparatus for determining the color characteristics of a gem
EP0041391A1 (en) * 1980-06-04 1981-12-09 Gersan Establishment Method and system for examining a gem stone
EP0042361A1 (de) * 1980-06-17 1981-12-23 GRETAG Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur maschinellen Identifikation von Edelsteinen
US4508449A (en) * 1981-06-25 1985-04-02 Shimadzu Corporation Apparatus for measuring diamond colors
US4906093A (en) * 1987-07-31 1990-03-06 Paolo Roggero Illuminator for the spectroscopic observation of minerals, gems, etc.
US4946045A (en) * 1985-12-20 1990-08-07 Ditchburn Robert W Sorting
FR2656118A1 (fr) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-21 Europ Propulsion Dispositif d'observation pour corps exterieurement brillants de forme generale spherique ou courbe.
US5184732A (en) * 1985-12-20 1993-02-09 Gersan Establishment Shape sorting
US5196966A (en) * 1990-07-06 1993-03-23 Masayo Yamashita Method and implement for observing or photographing gem such as diamond
US5260763A (en) * 1989-02-17 1993-11-09 Masayo Yamashita Instrument for observing jewels' brilliance as diamond, and method of taking photographs with said instrument
US5369490A (en) * 1992-05-29 1994-11-29 Nikon Corporation Contour measuring apparatus
WO2001061316A1 (en) * 2000-02-16 2001-08-23 Gemological Institute Of America, Inc. Systems, apparatuses and methods for diamond color measurement and analysis
FR2831031A1 (fr) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-25 Dji Design Article de bijouterie illuminable comportant une pierre transparente a la lumiere, et procede d'illumination de celle-ci
EP1319942A1 (en) * 2001-12-13 2003-06-18 Overseas Diamonds N.V. Apparatus for generating data for determining a property of a gemstone and methods for determining a property of a gemstone
US20050069858A1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2005-03-31 Davy Lapa Computer-implemented method of and system for teaching an untrained observer to evaluate a gemstone
WO2005067566A2 (en) 2004-01-12 2005-07-28 Gemological Institute Of America Fluorescence measuring device for gemstones
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US9702825B2 (en) 2013-08-27 2017-07-11 D. Swarovski Kg Assembly for analyzing a light pattern caused by refraction and reflection at a precious stone
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EP0041391A1 (en) * 1980-06-04 1981-12-09 Gersan Establishment Method and system for examining a gem stone
EP0042361A1 (de) * 1980-06-17 1981-12-23 GRETAG Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur maschinellen Identifikation von Edelsteinen
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EP0301329A3 (de) * 1987-07-31 1990-08-01 Roggero, Paolo Beleuchtungsvorrichtung zur spektroskopischen Beobachtung von Mineralien, Juwelen o.dgl.
US4906093A (en) * 1987-07-31 1990-03-06 Paolo Roggero Illuminator for the spectroscopic observation of minerals, gems, etc.
US5260763A (en) * 1989-02-17 1993-11-09 Masayo Yamashita Instrument for observing jewels' brilliance as diamond, and method of taking photographs with said instrument
FR2656118A1 (fr) * 1989-12-19 1991-06-21 Europ Propulsion Dispositif d'observation pour corps exterieurement brillants de forme generale spherique ou courbe.
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US6473164B1 (en) 2000-02-16 2002-10-29 Gemological Institute Of America, Inc. Systems, apparatuses and methods for diamond color measurement and analysis
EA008016B1 (ru) * 2000-02-16 2007-02-27 Гемоложикал Институт Оф Америка, Инк. Системы, устройства и способы измерения и анализа цвета алмаза
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US7105822B1 (en) * 2000-09-29 2006-09-12 American Gemological Laboratories, Inc. Characterization of clarity and color enhancement agents in gems
US20070043587A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2007-02-22 Reinitz Ilene M Systems and methods for evaluating the appearance of a gemstone
US20070067178A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2007-03-22 Reinitz Ilene M Systems and methods for evaluating the appearance of a gemstone
US7834987B2 (en) 2000-10-12 2010-11-16 Gemological Institute Of America, Inc. Systems and methods for evaluating the appearance of a gemstone
US20060190292A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2006-08-24 Gemological Institute Of America, Inc. Systems and methods for evaluating the appearance of a gemstone
FR2831031A1 (fr) * 2001-10-23 2003-04-25 Dji Design Article de bijouterie illuminable comportant une pierre transparente a la lumiere, et procede d'illumination de celle-ci
EP1319942A1 (en) * 2001-12-13 2003-06-18 Overseas Diamonds N.V. Apparatus for generating data for determining a property of a gemstone and methods for determining a property of a gemstone
US20080055582A1 (en) * 2001-12-13 2008-03-06 Overseas Diamonds Technologies Apparatus for generating data for determining a property of a gemstone and methods and computer programs for determining a property of a gemstone
US20030112422A1 (en) * 2001-12-13 2003-06-19 Dave Lapa Apparatus for generating data for determining a property of a gemstone and methods and computer programs for determining a property of a gemstone
US20050036132A1 (en) * 2001-12-13 2005-02-17 Dave Lapa Apparatus for generating data for determining a property of a gemstone and methods and computer programs for determining a property of a gemstone
US8116552B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2012-02-14 Sarin Color Technologies Ltd. Apparatus for generating data for determining a property of a gemstone and methods and computer programs for determining a property of a gemstone
US7239739B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2007-07-03 Overseas Diamonds Technologies Apparatus for generating data for determining a property of a gemstone and methods and computer programs for determining a property of a gemstone
US6813007B2 (en) * 2001-12-13 2004-11-02 Overseas Diamonds Technologies Apparatus for generating data for determining a property of a gemstone and methods and computer programs for determining a property of a gemstone
US20050069858A1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2005-03-31 Davy Lapa Computer-implemented method of and system for teaching an untrained observer to evaluate a gemstone
US8834177B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2014-09-16 Sarine Color Technologies Ltd. Computer-implemented method of and system for teaching an untrained observer to evaluate a gemstone
US8317521B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2012-11-27 Sarin Color Technologies Ltd. Computer-implemented method of and system for teaching an untrained observer to evaluate a gemstone
US9678017B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2017-06-13 Sarine Color Technologies Ltd. System for evaluating a gemstone
EP1706729A4 (en) * 2004-01-12 2009-04-08 Gemological Inst Of America FLUORESCENT MEASURING DEVICE FOR GEMSTONES
WO2005067566A2 (en) 2004-01-12 2005-07-28 Gemological Institute Of America Fluorescence measuring device for gemstones
US7315356B2 (en) 2004-05-13 2008-01-01 Haske Martin D Fire demonstration tool and method for using thereof
US20050254037A1 (en) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-17 Haske Martin D Fire demonstration tool and method for using thereof
US8098368B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2012-01-17 Galatea Ltd. Method for evaluation of a gemstone
RU2454658C2 (ru) * 2005-08-22 2012-06-27 Галатея Лтд. Способ определения ценности драгоценного камня
US20090147241A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2009-06-11 Galatea Ltd. Method for evaluation of a gemstone
US20080231833A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2008-09-25 Galatea Ltd. Method for evaluation of a gemstone
US7800741B2 (en) 2005-08-22 2010-09-21 Galatea Ltd. Method for evaluation of a gemstone
US20090182520A1 (en) * 2005-12-12 2009-07-16 Yoav Luxembourg Assessment of diamond color
US20080140961A1 (en) * 2006-12-07 2008-06-12 Atherton William E Single channel memory mirror
US20090234754A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2009-09-17 Dave Lapa Apparatus, a method, and a system for gemstone evaluation and gemology tutoring over the internet
US20220120695A1 (en) * 2011-02-16 2022-04-21 Shenzhen DiKai Industrial Co., Ltd. Multi-Functional Precious Stone Testing Apparatus and Method Thereof
US12130238B2 (en) * 2011-02-16 2024-10-29 Shenzhen DiKai Industrial Co., Ltd. Multi-functional precious stone testing apparatus and method thereof
US20150219567A1 (en) * 2012-10-03 2015-08-06 Presidium Instruments Pte Ltd Gemstone tester and a method of characterising a gemstone
US9568434B2 (en) * 2012-10-03 2017-02-14 Presidium Instruments Pte Ltd Gemstone tester and a method of characterising a gemstone
US9702825B2 (en) 2013-08-27 2017-07-11 D. Swarovski Kg Assembly for analyzing a light pattern caused by refraction and reflection at a precious stone
EP3357621A1 (en) * 2017-01-27 2018-08-08 United Technologies Corporation Spherical articulating fixture
US10300546B2 (en) 2017-01-27 2019-05-28 United Technologies Corporation Spherical articulating fixture
US20220178835A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2022-06-09 Università Degli Studi Di Milano - Bicocca Systems and methods for spectroscopic analyses of diamonds
US11906437B2 (en) * 2017-12-21 2024-02-20 Università Degli Studi Di Milano - Bicocca Systems and methods for spectroscopic analyses of diamonds
US20220057327A1 (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-02-24 Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for visually inspecting gemstones
US11333606B2 (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-05-17 Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. Apparatus and method for visually inspecting gemstones
IT202100021218A1 (it) * 2021-08-05 2023-02-05 Diamsafe S R L Metodo e dispositivo per identificare univocamente una pietra preziosa sfaccettata
WO2023012554A1 (en) * 2021-08-05 2023-02-09 Diamsafe Srl Method and device for identifying a gemstone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA997940A (en) 1976-10-05
JPS5617617B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-04-23
DK139399B (da) 1979-02-12
DK139399C (da) 1979-07-23
FR2222651B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-10-07
CH568563A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-10-31
JPS49123384A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-11-26
AT344419B (de) 1978-07-25
ATA143274A (de) 1977-11-15
FR2222651A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-18

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