US3866662A - Method of casting quiet steel in molds - Google Patents
Method of casting quiet steel in molds Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3866662A US3866662A US306715A US30671572A US3866662A US 3866662 A US3866662 A US 3866662A US 306715 A US306715 A US 306715A US 30671572 A US30671572 A US 30671572A US 3866662 A US3866662 A US 3866662A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- mold
- casting
- casting powder
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021540 colemanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricalcium;diborate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] VLCLHFYFMCKBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000220645 Leonotis nepetifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005499 meniscus Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037170 Delayed Emergence from Anesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000009421 Myristica fragrans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFGIVKNKFPCKAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[C] Chemical compound [Mn].[C] QFGIVKNKFPCKAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTVVPPOHYJJIJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;hydrate Chemical compound O.O=C=O VTVVPPOHYJJIJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001115 mace Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/10—Hot tops therefor
- B22D7/108—Devices for making or fixing hot tops
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A method of casting quiet steel in a mold according to which prior to the casting casting powder with a bulk weight of from 250 to 750 gr/liter and in a quantity of from 1 to 3 kg/ton of steel is introduced into the mold at a distance of from 5 to 50 cm from the base of the mold, and in which when the liquid steel level reaches the desired height the slag layer is instantaneously and completely covered with water whereby the entire slag layer solidifies and lifts itself off the steel level so that the latter is contacted by the water,
- the present invention relates to a method of casting quiet or dead steel in molds to form ingots, blocks or slabs while utilizing casting powders.
- Methods for bottom pouring of quiet steel are known. Of these known methods, two methods are employed in order according to an economic operation to produce qualitatively satisfactory steel ingots, blocks and slabs and to reduce possible inner and outer faults to a minimum.
- a forced solidification of the ingot, block or slab head is obtained by quenching with sufficient quantities of water.
- the shrinking occurring in the interior of the ingot, block or slab is partly compensated for by a controlled post casting of steel.
- the modifications possible with this method are limited as to time to the phase from pouring to forced solidification.
- the purpose of the casting powder consists in avoiding by its insulating effect heat losses by radiation and the capping or top freezing inherent thereto, and furthermore consists in forming oneor more viscous slag phases depending on the composition at the phase border steel-casting powder layer, which slag phase is adapted in conformity with the layer thickness and the wetting effect to take up the deoxidation products and other impurifications ascending from the steel.
- the melting behavior and the viscosity of the casting powder is, in part, so adjusted that the slag will at the respective height of the steel level fully wet the mold walls and will, during the rising of the steel, flow into the gap between the steel meniscus and mold. As a result thereof, a complete surrounding of the block by a slag layer will be obtained, which slag layer will then prevent a direct contact between the mold wall and the steel and will make surface damaging influences at said contacting surface impossible for all practical purposes.
- the added quantity of casting powder is so selected that with the intended melting speed still with the entrance into the hot top a sufficient thickness of the layer remains.
- the top tops keep the ingots, block or slabs in liquid condition for a longer period than is the case with the first mentioned method, the chill casting method; accordingly, the shrinking of the steel in the lower block range caused by'the starting solidification can be in part compensated for by the liquid component from the head range. Pouring below a casting powder due to the necessary large hood volume automatically cause a considerable proportion of head waste. In addition thereto, the delayed solidification of the ingot, block or slab head makes necessary considerably extended periods of keeping the blocks or slabs in the molds. This factor leads to undesired liquation or segregation and at certain temperature ranges, for instance, with aluminum containing steels alloyed with from 1 to 1.5 percent manganese causes the wellknown tears.
- the casting powder Prior to the start of the casting, at a distance of from 5 to 50 centimeters, preferably 20 to 40 centimeters from the foot of the mold, the casting powder is introduced into the mold with a bulk weight or pouring weight from 250 to 750 grams per liter, preferably 300 to 500 grams per liter and in a quantity of from 1 to 3 kilograms per ton of steel;
- the molten slag layer involving the completely used-up casting powder is instantaneously and completely covered with water on the steel level so that the entire slag layer solidifies, lifts itself off from the steel level and the steel level is contacted by the water.
- further steel is poured again in a continuous or batch wise manner for making up the shrinking of the block or slab head.
- the method according to the invention is practiced in such a manner that a quantity of approximately from 1 to 2.4 kilograms of casting powder per ton of raw steel is introduced into the mold and a quantity of from 1 to 1.5 liters of water more than was used formerly during the water casting is sprayed onto the molded slag layer per kilogram of the slag formed on the block surface.
- a carbon-free casting powder with a humidity content of approximately 1 percent is added which casting powder has the following composition:
- said casting powder having a chemical analysis of substantially: related 20 to 30% CaO 42 to 50% SiO,
- This carbon-free casting powder is introduced into the mold with a complete fusion occurring at a temperature of less than 360C.
- fluxing agent there may be employed preferably soda or colemanite (calciumborate).
- the bare steel level should not be covered again by the already present casting powder and should reach the mold wall, it is advantageously not necessary to cast slower, but instead merely additional small quantities of casting powder are deposited upon the bare steel in the vicinity of the mold wall until the bare steel is covered up again.
- the casting powder was consumed, liquified and placed itself between the steel meniscus and the mold wall.
- the high mark was reached for a l2 ton raw steel block.
- the casting jet was throttled and a quantity of water was applied which was sufficient to immediately quench the steel surface of the head on which there was lying a molded slag cover of approximately a thickness of 10 millimeters.
- a three-arm sprinkler or nozzle with bore holes spaced from each other by approximately two centimeters was employed from which were discharged approximately 40 liters of water per minute.
- Third group casting time 8 minutes and 30 seconds Post casting time 6 minutes and 20 seconds 5 After a standing time of from to minutes which was reduced over the hood casting by about 50 percent, the slabs were stripped, loaded and moved to the pit furnace dumping place. Here they were introduced into the pit furnace and heated up to rolling temperature. The slabs should be pre-blocked to pre-slabs for introduction in a coarse plate line. The shop rule is cut straight, out off over rolling.
- a method of casting quiet steel in a mold into blocks and slabs which includes in combination the steps of: suspending in the mold at a distance of from 5 to 50 cm from the base of the mold casting powder with a bulk weight of from 250 to 750 grams per liter and in a quantity of from 1 to 3 kg per ton of steel, introducing the steel to be cast into the mold at the bottom, and when the liquid steel reaches the desired steel level in the mold instantaneously and completely covering with water the liquid sslag layer covering the steel level involving completely molten casting powder to thereby cause the entire slag layer to solidify and rise off the steel level so that the latter is contacted only by the water.
- a method in combination according to claim I which includes the step of adding into a mold a quantity of casting powder corresponding to the equation P kg 17.7 kg/m (K m (I/ll0)M m 7 kg in which P is the quantity of casting powder in kilograms, K is area of the top of the surface of the block head in square meters and Mp is the total area of the surface of the sides of the block in square meters.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/632,378 US4020892A (en) | 1971-11-16 | 1975-11-17 | Method for continuous casting of steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2156768A DE2156768C2 (de) | 1971-11-16 | 1971-11-16 | Verfahren zum Vergießen von be ruhigtem Stahl in Kokillen |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/632,378 Continuation-In-Part US4020892A (en) | 1971-11-16 | 1975-11-17 | Method for continuous casting of steel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3866662A true US3866662A (en) | 1975-02-18 |
Family
ID=5825231
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US306715A Expired - Lifetime US3866662A (en) | 1971-11-16 | 1972-11-15 | Method of casting quiet steel in molds |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3866662A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS4859031A (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE791305A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2156768C2 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2160564B3 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1407470A (enExample) |
| IT (1) | IT973565B (enExample) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4020892A (en) * | 1971-11-16 | 1977-05-03 | Hoesch Aktiengesellschaft | Method for continuous casting of steel |
| CN105538826A (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-04 | 刘超 | 一种精密钢球淬火烧成板 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2401075A (en) * | 1942-05-06 | 1946-05-28 | Carnegie Illinois Steel Corp | Process of casting ingots |
| US2402833A (en) * | 1943-11-16 | 1946-06-25 | Nat Tube Co | Method of casting ingots |
-
0
- BE BE791305D patent/BE791305A/xx unknown
-
1971
- 1971-11-16 DE DE2156768A patent/DE2156768C2/de not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-11-13 GB GB5222772A patent/GB1407470A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-14 JP JP47113585A patent/JPS4859031A/ja active Pending
- 1972-11-15 IT IT54043/72A patent/IT973565B/it active
- 1972-11-15 US US306715A patent/US3866662A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-11-16 FR FR7240785A patent/FR2160564B3/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2401075A (en) * | 1942-05-06 | 1946-05-28 | Carnegie Illinois Steel Corp | Process of casting ingots |
| US2402833A (en) * | 1943-11-16 | 1946-06-25 | Nat Tube Co | Method of casting ingots |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4020892A (en) * | 1971-11-16 | 1977-05-03 | Hoesch Aktiengesellschaft | Method for continuous casting of steel |
| CN105538826A (zh) * | 2015-12-17 | 2016-05-04 | 刘超 | 一种精密钢球淬火烧成板 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE791305A (fr) | 1973-05-14 |
| JPS4859031A (enExample) | 1973-08-18 |
| FR2160564A1 (enExample) | 1973-06-29 |
| FR2160564B3 (enExample) | 1975-11-28 |
| GB1407470A (en) | 1975-09-24 |
| IT973565B (it) | 1974-06-10 |
| DE2156768A1 (enExample) | 1973-01-25 |
| DE2156768C2 (de) | 1973-10-11 |
| DE2156768B1 (de) | 1973-01-25 |
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