US3865634A - Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance - Google Patents

Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
US3865634A
US3865634A US387946A US38794673A US3865634A US 3865634 A US3865634 A US 3865634A US 387946 A US387946 A US 387946A US 38794673 A US38794673 A US 38794673A US 3865634 A US3865634 A US 3865634A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
manganese
metal
chromium
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US387946A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Donald L Bagnoli
Anthony R Ciuffreda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exxon Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Priority to US387946A priority Critical patent/US3865634A/en
Priority to CA204,577A priority patent/CA1028601A/en
Priority to GB3143274A priority patent/GB1472090A/en
Priority to DE2434994A priority patent/DE2434994A1/de
Priority to DE19742447146 priority patent/DE2447146A1/de
Priority to NL7410570A priority patent/NL7410570A/xx
Priority to FR7427906A priority patent/FR2240964B1/fr
Priority to BE147542A priority patent/BE818775A/xx
Priority to JP49092072A priority patent/JPS5072839A/ja
Priority to AU72348/74A priority patent/AU484945B2/en
Priority to US501220A priority patent/US3919073A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3865634A publication Critical patent/US3865634A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
    • C10G9/18—Apparatus
    • C10G9/20—Tube furnaces
    • C10G9/203—Tube furnaces chemical composition of the tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/002—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects, e.g. avoiding explosions, or improving the yield by suppressing side-reactions
    • B01J19/0026—Avoiding carbon deposits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
    • C10G2300/4075—Limiting deterioration of equipment

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. More particularly, it relates to a technique for minimizing carburization of furnace tubes exposed to hydrocarbons under pyrolysis and reforming conditions.
  • Processes for the controlled pyrolytic decomposition of hydrocarbons are well known.
  • the hydro carbon is decomposed at high temperatures, for example in the range of l,700 to 2,000 F. under varying pressure conditions ranging from atmospheric up to about 1,200 psi.
  • Such pyrolytic techniques are frequently used, for example, in producing ethylene.
  • the hydrocarbons are cracked at elevated temperatures in the presence of predetermined amounts of steam.
  • Pyrolytic techniques are also used for increasing the octane rating of gasoline.
  • a method of heating hydrocarbon carbons in contact with metal surfaces under conditions which normally would cause difficulties due to carburization of the metal surfaces which comprises contacting the hydrocarbons of the metal surface containing adherent oxide layer of manganese and chromium, whereby heat is passed from the metal surface to the hydrocarbon without significant carburization of the metal.
  • the present invention contemplates a method of rendering metal surfaces exposed to hydrocarbons under pyrolysis and reforming conditions resistant to carburization by providing on such metal surfaces in contact with the hydrocarbons and adherent layer of manganese and chromium oxide.
  • an ad herent layer of manganese and chromium oxide is formed on a metal alloy surface by oxidizing a nickelchromium-iron alloy that has at least 36% nickel and from 1.25% to 2.0% manganese.
  • the present invention can be carried out for example by passing a hydrocarbon through a heating means having one or more tubes or conduits which are heated di- 'rectly or indirectly to transfer heat to the hydrocarbon.
  • the metal surfaces to be used in accordance with this invention should have an adherent coating of manganese and chromium oxide.
  • the metal tubes are formed from an alloy consisting essentially of chromium, nickel and iron and having at least l.25% manganese and at least 36% nickel.
  • the alloy may have from 36 to 38% nickel, from 23 to 27% chromium, and from 1.25% to 2% manganese.
  • the metal surfaces are pretreated with steam at temperatures in the range of 500 F. to about 2,000 F., and preferably at about l,500 F. for from about 24 hours to about 96 hours, such as about 72 hours.
  • the grain structure of the contact surface Equally important in providing an adequate protective coating of manganese and chromium oxide on the surface of the metal is the grain structure of the contact surface. It has been discovered that with furnace tubes, for example, the interior contact surface should be made up of equiaxed grain structure. Basically the grain structure is achieved by casting the alloy into a tube and controlling the thermal gradient during solidification. Any other technique known in the art for controlling grain structure can be employed.
  • a nickel content, in a nickel-chromiumiron alloy, of greater than 36% and a manganese content of greater than 1.25% is necessary to provide a good protective scale of manganese and chromium oxide in the interior surface of the furnace tube.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
US387946A 1973-08-13 1973-08-13 Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance Expired - Lifetime US3865634A (en)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US387946A US3865634A (en) 1973-08-13 1973-08-13 Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance
CA204,577A CA1028601A (en) 1973-08-13 1974-07-11 Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance
GB3143274A GB1472090A (en) 1973-08-13 1974-07-16 Heat resistant alloy forcarburization resistance
DE2434994A DE2434994A1 (de) 1973-08-13 1974-07-20 Verfahren zum erhitzen von kohlenwasserstoffen in gegenwart nickeleisenhaltiger metallflaechen
DE19742447146 DE2447146A1 (de) 1973-08-13 1974-07-20 Verfahren zur bildung einer schutzschicht aus mangan- und chromoxyd
NL7410570A NL7410570A (nl) 1973-08-13 1974-08-06 Werkwijze voor het tegengaan van carbonering van ovenbuizen bij pyrolyse en reformen van koolwaterstoffen.
FR7427906A FR2240964B1 (xx) 1973-08-13 1974-08-12
BE147542A BE818775A (fr) 1973-08-13 1974-08-13 Procede pour chauffer des hydrocarbures
JP49092072A JPS5072839A (xx) 1973-08-13 1974-08-13
AU72348/74A AU484945B2 (en) 1973-08-13 1974-08-14 Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance
US501220A US3919073A (en) 1973-08-13 1974-08-28 Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US387946A US3865634A (en) 1973-08-13 1973-08-13 Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3865634A true US3865634A (en) 1975-02-11

Family

ID=23531967

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US387946A Expired - Lifetime US3865634A (en) 1973-08-13 1973-08-13 Heat resistant alloy for carburization resistance

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3865634A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5072839A (xx)
BE (1) BE818775A (xx)
CA (1) CA1028601A (xx)
DE (2) DE2447146A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2240964B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1472090A (xx)
NL (1) NL7410570A (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4784831A (en) * 1984-11-13 1988-11-15 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Hiscor alloy
US5169515A (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-12-08 Shell Oil Company Process and article
US5873950A (en) * 1996-06-13 1999-02-23 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Strengthenable ethylene pyrolysis alloy

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5684789A (en) * 1979-12-13 1981-07-10 Toyo Eng Corp High-temperature treatment of hydrocarbon-containing material
GB2233672A (en) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-16 Shell Int Research High temperature treatment of stainless steals used in high temperature reactors
DE10017512A1 (de) * 2000-04-10 2001-10-18 Atec Weiss Gmbh & Co Kg Ringlamelle für flexible Wellenkupplungen, aus solchen Ringlamellen gebildetes Lamellenpaket und flexible Wellenkupplung mit solchen Ringlamellen
US6824883B1 (en) * 2000-09-12 2004-11-30 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Surface on a stainless steel matrix
US6899966B2 (en) 2003-06-24 2005-05-31 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Composite surface on a stainless steel matrix
FR3060430B1 (fr) * 2016-12-20 2019-07-19 Institut National Des Sciences Appliquees De Lyon (Insa Lyon) Procede de traitement mecanique d'une paroi reduisant la formation de coke.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2543710A (en) * 1948-01-15 1951-02-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Process for producing insulating iron oxide coatings
US3260594A (en) * 1965-01-11 1966-07-12 Blaw Knox Co High temperature alloys

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2543710A (en) * 1948-01-15 1951-02-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Process for producing insulating iron oxide coatings
US3260594A (en) * 1965-01-11 1966-07-12 Blaw Knox Co High temperature alloys

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4784831A (en) * 1984-11-13 1988-11-15 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Hiscor alloy
US5169515A (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-12-08 Shell Oil Company Process and article
US5873950A (en) * 1996-06-13 1999-02-23 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Strengthenable ethylene pyrolysis alloy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7234874A (en) 1976-02-19
DE2447146A1 (de) 1975-06-26
GB1472090A (en) 1977-04-27
BE818775A (fr) 1975-02-13
FR2240964A1 (xx) 1975-03-14
NL7410570A (nl) 1975-02-17
DE2434994A1 (de) 1975-02-20
CA1028601A (en) 1978-03-28
JPS5072839A (xx) 1975-06-16
FR2240964B1 (xx) 1978-07-13

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