US3864563A - Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws - Google Patents

Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws Download PDF

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Publication number
US3864563A
US3864563A US377620A US37762073A US3864563A US 3864563 A US3864563 A US 3864563A US 377620 A US377620 A US 377620A US 37762073 A US37762073 A US 37762073A US 3864563 A US3864563 A US 3864563A
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United States
Prior art keywords
head
patient
jaws
joints
film
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Expired - Lifetime
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US377620A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kazuo Hozumi
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J Morita Manufaturing Corp
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J Morita Manufaturing Corp
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/501—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for diagnosis of the head, e.g. neuroimaging or craniography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/51—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for dentistry

Definitions

  • SHEET 10F 3 APPARATUS FOR RADIOGRAPHING THE JOINTS or ran mm This invention relates to an apparatus for radiographing the jaws of a human being, and more particularly, the joints of the upper and lower jaws below each ear of a human being.
  • One way to avoid this may be to project X-rays in a direction aslant to the straight line connecting the right and left joints of the jaws so that the X-rays pass only one of the joints and not the other.
  • the picture taken does not clearly show the state of occlusion of the upper and lower jaws so that it does not well serve the clinical purpose. If the directions in which the pictures are taken before and after the treatment do not coincide, it will be impossible to decide the proper state of occlusion after the treatment. Obviously, if the direction in which the pictures of the same object are taken changes every time each picture is taken, it will pose a serious problem whether the direction is a aslant to the line connecting the two joints or not.
  • the primary object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for radiographing the joints of the upper and lower jaws of a human being,- which is capable of obtaining a clear X-ray picture of the required one of the joints by making the image of the other joint sufficiently blurred to produce a clear image of the required joint.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such an apparatus as aforesaid, wherein the X-rays are always projected in the same direction even when X-ray pictures are repeatedly taken.
  • the apparatus of the invention is provided with a pair of ear rods or plugs adapted to be fitted into the holes of the opposite ears of a patient whose jaws are to be radiographed thereby to place the patients head at the proper position.
  • An X-ray source is placed at one side of the patients head and on the extension of the straight line connecting the two ear rods or joints of the jaws or a line adjacent to and parallel with the straight line so that the X-ray from the source is projected onto the portion to be radiographed.
  • a film At the side of the patients head opposite to the X-ray source there is placed a film.
  • the X-ray source is movable along the straight line without changing the direction of projection of the X-ray so that the distance between the X-ray source and the film may be changed thereby to cause the image of the joint at the side of the X-ray source to become more blurred than that of the joint at the side of the film.
  • the image of the joint of the jaw at the side of the film is clearer than the images of other portions of the jaw.
  • both of the X-ray source and the film are simultaneously movable without changing the direction of projection of the X- ray. If the source and the film are moved while keeping constant the ratio between the distance between the X-ray source and the joint at the side of the film and the distance between the film and the joint at the side of the film, the image of the joint is kept stationary and clear on the film while the image of the other joint is blurred thereon.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially cut away perspective view of one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partially cut-away perspective view of another portion of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a view for explanation of the operation of the apparatus of FIG. 1; 1
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view for explanation of the operation of the apparatus of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 1 a frame 1 having an opposed pair of protective plates 2Aand 23 made of, say, lead which does not pass X-rays.
  • the plate 2A is rigidly fixed to the frame while the I plate 28 is movable relative to and parallel with the plate 2A. To this end the plate 28 is slidably carried by a pair of guide rods 3 (only one of which is shown in FIG. 1) fixed to the frame.
  • a locking device 4 having a handle 5 is fixedto the palte 2B and slidably carried by the rods 3 so that by means of the handle 5 the device 4 is operated to clamp the rods thereby locking the plate 28 at a desired position.
  • the plate 2B is formed with a hole 6 through which X-rays pass.
  • a pair of plates 7A and 7B made of, for example, synthetic resin which is highly permeable to radioactive rays.
  • a pair of ear rods or plugs 8A and 8B are planted on the mutually facing sides of the plates 7A and 7B in such a manner that they oppose each other in axial alignment.
  • the ear rods 8A and'SB are preferably aligned with a line passing the center of the hole 6 in the plate 28.
  • the patients head When a picture is to be taken, the patients head is positioned between the protective plates 2A and 28, with his or her face directed toward the frame 1 or oppositely.
  • the plate 28 is adjusted so that the plates 2A and 2B sandwich the patients head-laterally, with the ear rods 8A and 88 inserted into the opposite ears of the patient.
  • the handle 5 is turned to fix the plate 2B at the position.
  • the patients jaws to be radiographed have now been set at a proper position between the protective plates 2A and 28.
  • An X-ray source contains an X-ray tube which emits X-rays to be projected through a projector 10 directed toward the aperture 6 in the protective plate 28.
  • the source 10 is movable along the straight axial line connecting the ear rods 8A and 8B.
  • the X-ray source 10 is mounted on a carriage 11.
  • a guide block 12 is secured to the frame 1, and on the inner surface of the upper and lower walls of the carriage 11 there are provided a pair of upper and lower rails 13 which are engaged by rollers 14 mounted on the guide block 12.
  • a motor 15 provided on the frame drives one or more of the rollers 14 through a suitable gear train not shown thereby moving the carriage l1 and consequentlythe X-ray source longitudinally of the rails 13 at a constant speed.
  • the direction of the movement is parallel with the axial line connecting the ear rods 8A and 8B.
  • the movement of the X-ray source is effected in the course of the radiographing operation.
  • a jaw 21 has left and right joints 22A and 22B which former is positioned near a film 9A with the latter 228 being positioned near the X-ray tube 10A.
  • the X-ray tube 10A is at a start point A where the tube starts emitting X-rays for radiographing and continues the emission as it is moved away from the film 9A as far as a point B.
  • the image of the joint 22B is formed at a point M on the film 9A.
  • the image of the joint 22B is formed at a point M on the film 9A.
  • the image of the otherjoint 22A is formed at points N and N respectively when the X-ray tube is at points A and B.
  • the distance between M and M is far greater than the distance between N and N. This means that as the X-ray source is moved the image of the joint 22B is more blurred on the film than the image of the joint 22A.
  • the picture taken shows a clear image of the joint 22A against a sufficiently blurred image of the joint 22B.
  • the X-ray source may be moved manually as well as by means of the motor 15.
  • the film is kept stationary while a picture is being taken.
  • the image of the joint 22A to be radiographed is moved from N to N.
  • the smaller the distance between N and N the clearer the image obtained.
  • the film 9A may be moved simultaneously with the movement of the X-ray source, and by properly setting the distance the film is to be moved it is possible to keep the image of the joint 22A stationary on the film.
  • the X-ray source and the film may simultaneously be moved in such a manner that the ratio of the distance between the X-ray source and the joint 22A and the distance between the film and the joint 22A will always be kept constant.
  • FIG. 5 shows an arrangement wherein the X-ray' source and the film are simultaneously moved while keeping the above-mentioned ratio constant.
  • the film magazine 9 is separated from the protective plate 2A and attached to a carriage 31.
  • the carriage 31 contains a mechanism similar to that contained in the carriage 11.
  • the carriage 31 is slidable along the line connecting the two joints but in the direction opposite to that in which the carriage 11 is moved.
  • the apparatus of the invention is capable of taking a clear picture of the desired one of the right and left joints of the jaws by making the image of the other joint sufficiently blurred so that the picture clearly shows the state of occlusion of the upper and lower jaws and serves well for the purpose of diagnosis and treatment.
  • head support means for supporting the head of a patient in a fixed position
  • film support means located on one side of said head support means for supporting a film in a position such that said film will intersect an extension of the straight line connecting the joints of the jaws of a patients head when a patients head is held by said head support means;
  • X-ray source means for supporting said X-ray source on the other side of said head support means in a position such that the X-rays emitted by said X-ray source will travel along the straight line connecting the joints of the jaws of a patients head when a patients head is held in said head support means;
  • X-ray moving means operatively connected to said X-ray support means for moving said X-ray support means and said X-ray source along a path defined by an extension of the straight line connecting the joints of the jaws of a patients head when a patients head is held by said head support means as said X-ray source projects X-rays toward said film whereby a relatively clear image of the joint of the jaws nearest to said film and a relatively blurred image of the joint of the jaws nearest to said X-ray source are formed on said film.
  • a first protective plate located between said film support means and said patients head when a patients head is held by said head support means
  • a second protective plate located between said X-ray source and said patients head when a patients head is held by said head support means, said first and second protective platessandwiching the lateral sides of the patients head when a patients head is held by said head support means so as to support and maintain the patients head in a fixed position.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 2 wherein one of said first and second protective plates is movable toward and away from the other of said first and second protective plates.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 3 including lockingmeans for locking said one of said first and second protective plates at a desired position relative to the other of said first and second protective plates.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 3 wherein said one of said first and second protective plates is movable along a path defined by an extension of the straight line connecting the joints of the jaws of a patients head when a patients head is located between said first and second protective plates.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of'a patients head as claimed in claim 5 including locking means for locking said one of said first and second protective plates at a desired position relative to the other of said first and second protective plates.
  • a carriage mounted on said guide rails so as to be slidable along said guide rails, said carriage supporting said X-ray source.
  • At least one roller mounted so as to engage one of said guide rails and affixed to said carriage;
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 2 including first and second ear rods, said first ear rod being affixed to said first protective plate and said second ear rod being affixed to said second protective plate, said ear .rods projecting toward one another and lying on a common axis, said ear rods adapted to fit into the ear holes of a patients head so as to properly position said patients head between said first and second protective plates.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 9 wherein said common axis is coaxial with the straight line connecting the joints of the jaws of a patients head when a patients head is held between said first and second protective plates.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 2 wherein said X-ray moving means moves said X-ray support and said X-ray source away from said film support means as said X-ray source projects X-rays toward the film supported by said film support means.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 2 wherein said X-ray moving means moves said X-ray support and said X-ray source toward said film support means as said X-ray source projectsX-rays toward the film supported by said film support means.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 2 including film support moving means for supporting said film support means and for moving said film support means along a path defined by an extension of the straight line connecting the joints of the jaws of a patients head held between said first and second protective plates.
  • Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 13 wherein said X-ray moving means moves said X-ray support and said X-ray source, and said film support moving means moves said film support means simultaneously in a manner such that the ratio of the distance between the joint nearest said film support means and said film support means, and the distance between the joint nearest said X-ray source and said X-ray source, is maintained constant.
  • a method of radiographing the joints of the jaws of a patients head as claimed in claim 15 including the further step of moving said film along a path defined by an extension of said straight line connecting the joints 8 the distance between the joint of the jaws of said patients head nearest said X-ray source and said X-ray source, is maintained constant as said film and said X-ray source are moved.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
US377620A 1972-07-18 1973-07-09 Apparatus for radiographing the joints of the jaws Expired - Lifetime US3864563A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP47072248A JPS5149557B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-07-18 1972-07-18

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US3864563A true US3864563A (en) 1975-02-04

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US (1) US3864563A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5149557B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2335917A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144460A (en) * 1977-09-06 1979-03-13 Rinn Corporation Method and device for radiographing human jaw joints
US4455670A (en) * 1982-03-29 1984-06-19 Brell Mar Products, Inc. X-Ray cassette holder with beam-limiting device
US4455671A (en) * 1981-12-09 1984-06-19 Brell Mar Products, Inc. X-Ray cassette holder

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS532877U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1976-06-25 1978-01-12
DE102004002000B4 (de) * 2004-01-14 2006-07-20 Schnell, Brigitte, Dr. Röntgenanlage mit Absorberbauteilen und Verwendung der Absorberbauteile

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1857503A (en) * 1928-07-30 1932-05-10 David M Ghrist Combined sinus and mastoid headrest
US2032833A (en) * 1932-01-27 1936-03-03 Birdsall H Broadbent Measuring and recording apparatus
US2254544A (en) * 1939-03-20 1941-09-02 Pltz Machine for making cranial roentgenographs
US2798958A (en) * 1956-01-19 1957-07-09 Donald C Hudson Apparatus for producing radiographs of selected structures within a subject
US2903588A (en) * 1958-03-10 1959-09-08 Ralph M Minnich Head positioner
US3025397A (en) * 1959-06-11 1962-03-13 Travis Skull radiography apparatus
US3154683A (en) * 1961-01-16 1964-10-27 William G Blair Apparatus for positioning the head for X-ray examination
US3521057A (en) * 1968-04-23 1970-07-21 Alva F Morlan Human head immobilization unit for panoramic x-ray machines
US3577160A (en) * 1968-01-10 1971-05-04 James E White X-ray gauging apparatus with x-ray opaque markers in the x-ray path to indicate alignment of x-ray tube, subject and film
US3617742A (en) * 1969-05-08 1971-11-02 Dental Corp Of America Panoramiclike dental arch x-ray apparatus

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1857503A (en) * 1928-07-30 1932-05-10 David M Ghrist Combined sinus and mastoid headrest
US2032833A (en) * 1932-01-27 1936-03-03 Birdsall H Broadbent Measuring and recording apparatus
US2254544A (en) * 1939-03-20 1941-09-02 Pltz Machine for making cranial roentgenographs
US2798958A (en) * 1956-01-19 1957-07-09 Donald C Hudson Apparatus for producing radiographs of selected structures within a subject
US2903588A (en) * 1958-03-10 1959-09-08 Ralph M Minnich Head positioner
US3025397A (en) * 1959-06-11 1962-03-13 Travis Skull radiography apparatus
US3154683A (en) * 1961-01-16 1964-10-27 William G Blair Apparatus for positioning the head for X-ray examination
US3577160A (en) * 1968-01-10 1971-05-04 James E White X-ray gauging apparatus with x-ray opaque markers in the x-ray path to indicate alignment of x-ray tube, subject and film
US3521057A (en) * 1968-04-23 1970-07-21 Alva F Morlan Human head immobilization unit for panoramic x-ray machines
US3617742A (en) * 1969-05-08 1971-11-02 Dental Corp Of America Panoramiclike dental arch x-ray apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4144460A (en) * 1977-09-06 1979-03-13 Rinn Corporation Method and device for radiographing human jaw joints
US4455671A (en) * 1981-12-09 1984-06-19 Brell Mar Products, Inc. X-Ray cassette holder
US4455670A (en) * 1982-03-29 1984-06-19 Brell Mar Products, Inc. X-Ray cassette holder with beam-limiting device

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Publication number Publication date
DE2335917A1 (de) 1974-01-31
JPS5149557B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-12-27
JPS4929786A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-16

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