US3862012A - Quantitative determination of uric acid - Google Patents
Quantitative determination of uric acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3862012A US3862012A US380020A US38002073A US3862012A US 3862012 A US3862012 A US 3862012A US 380020 A US380020 A US 380020A US 38002073 A US38002073 A US 38002073A US 3862012 A US3862012 A US 3862012A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- uric acid
- solution
- ethanol
- reaction
- sample
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 49
- TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric acid Natural products N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2NC(=O)NC21 TVWHNULVHGKJHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 47
- 229940116269 uric acid Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 47
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-N nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Chemical compound C1=CCC(C(=O)N)=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H](O2)N2C3=NC=NC(N)=C3N=C2)O)O1 BOPGDPNILDQYTO-NNYOXOHSSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 108010092464 Urate Oxidase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 102000016938 Catalase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 108010053835 Catalase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 102000007698 Alcohol dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 108010021809 Alcohol dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 description 19
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- POJWUDADGALRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N allantoin Chemical compound NC(=O)NC1NC(=O)NC1=O POJWUDADGALRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- POJWUDADGALRAB-PVQJCKRUSA-N Allantoin Natural products NC(=O)N[C@@H]1NC(=O)NC1=O POJWUDADGALRAB-PVQJCKRUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960000458 allantoin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- JRBJSXQPQWSCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine Chemical compound C1=C(N)C(OC)=CC(C=2C=C(OC)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 JRBJSXQPQWSCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-Lutidine Substances CC1=CC=CC(C)=N1 OISVCGZHLKNMSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000272194 Ciconiiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003445 Hantzsch reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MZUSCVCCMHDHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N P(=O)(=O)[W] Chemical compound P(=O)(=O)[W] MZUSCVCCMHDHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- GWBWGPRZOYDADH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Na] Chemical compound [C].[Na] GWBWGPRZOYDADH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003544 deproteinization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylpyridine Natural products CC1=CC=CN=C1C HPYNZHMRTTWQTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDQPSPMLNJTZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogenphosphate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O KDQPSPMLNJTZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012154 double-distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012417 linear regression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950006238 nadide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/62—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving uric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/26—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving oxidoreductase
- C12Q1/32—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving oxidoreductase involving dehydrogenase
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Uric acid is determined by contacting a sample suspected of containing uric acid with a phosphate buffer, an NADH solution, ethanol, alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase in the presence of air to form a reaction mixture containing 0.3 to 0.7 volume percent alcohol, measuring a first extinction value, adding uricase to the reaction mixture, measuring a second extinction value spectrophotometrically and taking the difference between the extinction values as a measure of the initial uric acid content in the sample.
- the present invention is concerned with a method for the quantitative photometric determination of uric acid. More specifically, the invention relates to such a determination which can be carried out completely enzymatically, the results obtained being such that they can be read off in the near ultra-violet range of a photometer.
- uric acid is oxidized by phosphotungstic acid and the phosphotungsten blue formed by the reaction is measured colorimetrically.
- Other reducing substances for example, medicaments or reducing metabolites, can, of course, have a disturbing effect on the reaction.
- uric acid is decomposed by means of uricase to give allantoin, the absorption decrease of the uric acid in the region of 293 mp. being a measure for its concentration.
- This process is, like most enzyme reactions, very specific but the inherent absorption of the protein component ofthe enzyme has a disturbing effect, in the same way as other proteinaceous materials present in the sample, so that false results can be obtained.
- German Pat. No. 2,149,675 describes a process in which methanol is oxidized to formaldehyde by the enzymatically-formed hydrogen peroxide in the presence of catalase and the formaldehyde then reacts, in the presence of an ammonium salt according to Hantzschs reaction, with acetylacetone to give 3,5- diacetyl-l ,4-dihydrolutidine.
- concentration of this yellow-colored material which is proportional to the concentration of the uric acid, can be determined colorimetrically at 410 mu.
- a bath thermostatically controlled at 37C. is necessary in which, for the development of the colored lutidine compound, it is necessary to incubate the test sample for at least 30 minutes but, practically speaking, for more than an hour. Furthermore, the last stage of the process does not take place enzymatically and can, therefore, be disturbed by reducing or oxidizing components present in the sample, which react with the formaldehyde.
- the present invention provides a method for the detection of uric acid which can be carried out completely enzymatically and which, in a short period of time, gives, without laborious incubation, a quantitative result which is not influenced by substances which disturb the previously known methods for determining uric acid.
- the method of the invention comprises reacting the hydrogen peroxide liberated by the allantoin reaction of uric acid with ethanol in the presence of catalase, reducing the acetaldehyde thereby formed back again to ethanol by reduced nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide (NADH) in the presence of alcohol dehydrogenase, and measuring the decrease of the NADH concentration spectrophotometrically in the favorable range of 340 or 366 my, as being proportional to the uric acid content of the sample.
- NADH nicotinamide-adenine-dinucleotide
- reaction (C) is disturbed by ethanol present in the sample.
- catalase is not an exclusively peroxidate-acting enzyme but that it, especially in the case of small concentrations of ethanol, preponderantly liberates oxygen directly from hydrogen peroxide which, as such, is not able to react with ethanol.
- reaction (B) requires, for a quantitative reaction of the hydrogen peroxide, a high ethanol concentration, whereas ethanol has an inhibiting action on the course of reaction (C) (cf. Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse, H. U. Bergmeyer, I962, p. 292)
- C course of reaction
- uricase and catalase act upon a uric acid-containing sample in the presence of ethanol and of air to form acetaldehyde, which is reduced back again to ethanol by the action of alcohol dehydrogenase with NADH, the decrease of the NADH concentration being measured spectrophotometrically, the process being-carried out at a pH of 6.3 to 7.1 and such a quantity of ethanol is added to the reaction mixture that the concentration thereof is within the limits of 0.3 to 0.7 vol.%.
- the optimum ethanol concentration for the reaction is about 0.5 vol.'/1.
- process step C is normally only carried out after a deproteinization of the sample. we have, unexpectedly, found that. in the case of the process according to the present invention. deproteinizing is unnecessary (see also FIG. 11 of the accompanying drawings).
- the extinction of the NADH can be measured in the near ultra-violet range at 340 or 366 mu.
- the process according to the present invention can be carried out at ambient temperature. a thermostatic control being unnecessary.
- the analysis results are obtained after about 20 minutes.
- the process according to the present invention only requires a very small amount of sample (0.1 ml. of serum) so that it can also be used for carrying out determinations with capillary plasma.
- HO. 1 represents a calibration curve produced with an aqueous solution of uric acid.
- FlG. 11 is a calibration curve which has been determined by means of a standard serum with a predetermined content of 5.9 mg.72 uric acid.
- Phosphate buffer 3.522 g. potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 7.268 g. disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate were dissolved in 1,000 ml. double distilled water.
- NADH solution 25 mg. NADH were dissolved in 10 ml. of a 1% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. This solution is stable for about 10 days.
- Alcohol dehydrogenase (Boehringer Mannheim, Germany): crystal suspension in 3.2 M ammonium sulphate solution. pH about 6; specific activity 200 U/mg. (25C.).
- Catalase Boehringer Mannheim, Germany: solution in 3071 glycerol/10% ethanol; specific activity 260,000 U/ml. (25C.).
- Uricase Boehringer Mannheim, Germany: solution in 50% glycerol. pH 10.2 50 mM glycine, 0.13 M sodium carbonate; specific acivity 4.5 U/mg. (25C.).
- the uric acid content was calculated as follows:
- Uricase Boehringer Mannheim, Germany: solution in 50% glycerol pH 10.2 50 mM glycine; 0.13M sodium carbonate; specific activity 4.5 U/mg. (C.).
- uric acid were dissolved in 0.lN aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and made up to I00 ml.
- the reagents used in Examples 1 and 2 can advantageously also be mixed for one or more tests in the volume ratios set out in section b).
- test volume taken from the mixture can then. in a single further pipetting step, be mixed with the sample to be tested (serum or urine or other uric acidcontaining solution) so that the laborious individual pipettings can be omitted.
- sample to be tested serum or urine or other uric acidcontaining solution
- Process for the quantitative determination of uric acid in a sample suspected of containing same comprises contacting said sample with a phosphate buffer, an NADH solution, ethanol, alcoholdehydrogenase, and catalase in the presence of air, wherein the ethanol concentration is from 0.3 to 0.7 volume percent of the resulting reaction mixture, whereby acetaldehyde is formed, and measuring a first extinction value, thereafter contacting the reaction mixture with uricase and measuring a second extinction value spectrophotometrically at 340 or 366 mu, and taking the difference between the extinction values as a measure ofthe initial uric acid content in said sample, wherein the process steps are carried out at a pH of from 6.3 to 7.l'.
- NADH solution is supplied in the form of aqueous solution containing about l'/r sodium bicarbonate.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2237940A DE2237940C3 (de) | 1972-08-02 | 1972-08-02 | Verfahren zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Harnsäure |
| DE2326756A DE2326756C3 (de) | 1972-08-02 | 1973-05-25 | Verfahren zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Harnsäure |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3862012A true US3862012A (en) | 1975-01-21 |
Family
ID=25763647
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US380020A Expired - Lifetime US3862012A (en) | 1972-08-02 | 1973-07-17 | Quantitative determination of uric acid |
Country Status (13)
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4202938A (en) * | 1976-04-05 | 1980-05-13 | Human Gesellschaft mbH fur Biotopanalytic und Biotopschutz | Procedure for the quantitative determination of hydrogen peroxide concentration in aqueous solutions |
| US5618686A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1997-04-08 | Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. | Method of measuring the total ketone body and a sample reagent |
| WO2008002911A3 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2009-04-02 | Univ Florida | Urate metabolites as diagnostic markers for cardiovascular and renal disease |
| US10302395B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2019-05-28 | Darrell Holland | Quick aim reticle |
| US10976135B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2021-04-13 | Darrell Holland | Quick aim reticle |
| US11041694B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2021-06-22 | Darrell Holland | Quick aim reticle |
| US11125533B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2021-09-21 | Darrell Holland | Quick aim reticle |
| CN114113062A (zh) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-01 | 暨南大学 | 一种无酶、比色-光热双模式体外检测尿酸纳米金材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS50151609A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1974-05-30 | 1975-12-05 | ||
| JPS547685B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1974-05-30 | 1979-04-09 | ||
| DE2718588C3 (de) * | 1977-04-26 | 1979-11-08 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | Verfahren und Reagens zur Bestimmung von Harnsäure |
| US4230798A (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1980-10-28 | Miles Laboratories, Inc. | Unitized uric acid test composition and device |
| JPS56501384A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1979-09-14 | 1981-09-24 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3335069A (en) * | 1964-12-14 | 1967-08-08 | Miles Lab | Composition and method for determining uric acid |
| US3349006A (en) * | 1963-06-17 | 1967-10-24 | Miles Lab | Process and composition for the enzymatic determination of uric acid |
-
1972
- 1972-08-02 DE DE2237940A patent/DE2237940C3/de not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-05-25 DE DE2326756A patent/DE2326756C3/de not_active Expired
- 1973-07-17 US US380020A patent/US3862012A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-07-26 CA CA177,399A patent/CA1000599A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-07-26 SE SE7310383A patent/SE388050B/xx unknown
- 1973-07-27 FI FI732377A patent/FI52778C/fi active
- 1973-07-27 AR AR249321A patent/AR197053A1/es active
- 1973-07-30 IT IT27283/73A patent/IT1007537B/it active
- 1973-07-30 GB GB3615773A patent/GB1395127A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-07-30 FR FR7327814A patent/FR2231291A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-07-31 CH CH1116073A patent/CH576640A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-08-01 NL NLAANVRAGE7310625,A patent/NL176873C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-08-01 AT AT675873A patent/AT330726B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-08-02 JP JP8718273A patent/JPS5441359B2/ja not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3349006A (en) * | 1963-06-17 | 1967-10-24 | Miles Lab | Process and composition for the enzymatic determination of uric acid |
| US3335069A (en) * | 1964-12-14 | 1967-08-08 | Miles Lab | Composition and method for determining uric acid |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4202938A (en) * | 1976-04-05 | 1980-05-13 | Human Gesellschaft mbH fur Biotopanalytic und Biotopschutz | Procedure for the quantitative determination of hydrogen peroxide concentration in aqueous solutions |
| US5618686A (en) * | 1993-03-08 | 1997-04-08 | Nitto Boseki Co., Ltd. | Method of measuring the total ketone body and a sample reagent |
| WO2008002911A3 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2009-04-02 | Univ Florida | Urate metabolites as diagnostic markers for cardiovascular and renal disease |
| US10302395B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2019-05-28 | Darrell Holland | Quick aim reticle |
| US10976135B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2021-04-13 | Darrell Holland | Quick aim reticle |
| US11041694B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2021-06-22 | Darrell Holland | Quick aim reticle |
| US11125533B1 (en) | 2020-04-08 | 2021-09-21 | Darrell Holland | Quick aim reticle |
| CN114113062A (zh) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-01 | 暨南大学 | 一种无酶、比色-光热双模式体外检测尿酸纳米金材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN114113062B (zh) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-12-12 | 暨南大学 | 一种无酶、比色-光热双模式体外检测尿酸纳米金材料及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5441359B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1979-12-07 |
| AR197053A1 (es) | 1974-03-08 |
| NL176873C (nl) | 1985-06-17 |
| ATA675873A (de) | 1975-10-15 |
| IT1007537B (it) | 1976-10-30 |
| DE2326756C3 (de) | 1981-10-29 |
| AT330726B (de) | 1976-07-12 |
| FI52778B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1977-08-01 |
| JPS4960290A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-06-11 |
| DE2326756B2 (de) | 1980-08-14 |
| DE2237940A1 (de) | 1974-02-07 |
| FR2231291A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-12-20 |
| NL176873B (nl) | 1985-01-16 |
| GB1395127A (en) | 1975-05-21 |
| CH576640A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1976-06-15 |
| SE388050B (sv) | 1976-09-20 |
| DE2326756A1 (de) | 1974-12-19 |
| DE2237940C3 (de) | 1980-12-11 |
| DE2237940B2 (de) | 1980-04-17 |
| CA1000599A (en) | 1976-11-30 |
| FI52778C (fi) | 1977-11-10 |
| NL7310625A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-02-05 |
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