US3854466A - Ignition system for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Ignition system for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3854466A
US3854466A US00273185A US27318572A US3854466A US 3854466 A US3854466 A US 3854466A US 00273185 A US00273185 A US 00273185A US 27318572 A US27318572 A US 27318572A US 3854466 A US3854466 A US 3854466A
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United States
Prior art keywords
combination
breaker switch
transistor
diode
control electrode
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US00273185A
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English (en)
Inventor
D Steinberg
W Ruf
U Steinbrenner
W Jahnke
H Roth
H Linstedt
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/055—Layout of circuits with protective means to prevent damage to the circuit, e.g. semiconductor devices or the ignition coil
    • F02P3/0552—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with semiconductor devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/0407—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means
    • F02P3/0435—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means with semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • An ignition system has a switching transistor having an emitter-collector path connected in series with the primary winding of an ignition coil. The latter series combination ,is connected between voltage supply leads.
  • a driver circuit has a control electrode and controls the conductive state of the switching transistor.
  • An ignition breaker switch has alternating open and closed intervals in response to rotation of the engine. The breaker switch may have the undesirable property that it closes mometarily during the open interval shortly after opening of the breaker switch.
  • a signal control circuit is connected to the ignition breaker switch and to the control electrode to make the emitter-collector path of the switching transistor conductive when the breaker switch is closed and -to make it nonconductive when the breaker switch is open.
  • An energy storage element either the primary winding it self or a capacitor, stores energy prior to the closing of the breaker switch during an open interval of said switch, and the stored energy is used to maintain the control electrode at a potential to maintain the transistor path open irrespective of the closing of the breaker switch during an open interval of the same.
  • the present invention relates to ignition systems, and particularly to an ignition system for an internal combustion engine which generates sparks in response to opening and closing of the ignition breaker switch whose quality is not deteriorated by the momentary closing of the breaker switch during an open interval thereof.
  • Ignition systems already known which have an ignition coil having a primary and a secondary winding.
  • the secondary winding is typically con nected to at least one spark plug whereas the primary winding is connected in series with a switching element.
  • the switching element may consist of a switching transistor whose emitter-collector is connected in series with the primary winding.
  • a control circuit is provided with such ignition systems which is connected to the base of the switching transistor and which causes the transistor to become conductive when the ignition breaker switch is closed and is caused to become nonconductive when the breaker switch is open. In this manner, whenever, the breaker switch is closed, current is permitted to flow through the primary winding whereas whenever the breaker switch is open, such current flow is inhibited.
  • the systems of the type described above have disadvantages.
  • the switch is designed to open and close in response to rotation of a rotary element of the internal combustion engine, the switch does not always properly open.
  • the resulting play often causes the switch to close momentarily for a short period of time subsequent to opening in the open interval, after which the switch reopens and stays open for the remainder of the open interval.
  • Such action of the switch not only causes heavy loading of the switching transistor, but also has an adverse effect on the quality of the spark produced in the secondary winding and may result in missing of ignitions in some of the cylinders to thereby result in inefficient and rough operation of the engine.
  • the present invention is for an ignition system for an internal combustion engine having a rotary element.
  • the combination comprises an ignition coil with primary and secondary windings.
  • An ignition breaker switch is provided which respectively opens and closes for alternating first and second intervals determined by said rotary element of the engine and which may exhibit a tendency to close during said first intervals.
  • Switching means are provided which are connected in series with the primary windings, said switching means being arranged to open to thereby block current flow in the primary winding and to close to thereby permit current to flow through the primary winding.
  • First circuit means are provided which are connected between the ignition breaker switch and said switchingmeans to open the" latter when the ignition breaker switch opens and to close said switching means when the ignition breaker switch closes.
  • Second circuit means are provided which are connected to said first circuit means for maintaining said switching means open irrespective of closing of said ignition breaker switch during at least portions of said first intervals.
  • said second circuit means cooperates with the primary winding, the latter acting as an energy storing element.
  • the primary winding stores energy prior to a closingof the breaker switch duringsaid portions of said first intervals.'Part of the stored energy cooperates with said second circuit means to maintain said switching means open irrespective of closing of said ignition breaker switch during said portion of said first intervals.
  • said second circuit means includes capacitor means which store energy prior to closing of said ignition breaker switch during said portions of said first intervals to maintain said switching means open during said portions of said first intervals.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of an ignition system in accordance with the present invention, wherein the primary winding of the ignition coil is used as an energy storing element;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic of a secondembodiment of the invention as shown in FIG. 1',
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic of a third embodiment of the invention as shown in FIG. 1, wherein a storage capacitor is added to cooperate with the primary winding;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic of an ignition system in accordance with the present invention, wherein a capacitor is utilized to store energy; energy; and i FIG. 5 is a schematic of another embodiment of the inventionas shown in FIG. 4. v
  • an ignition system in accordance with the present invention is shown to have an ignition coil 11 which has a secondary coil 12.
  • the secondary coil 12 is connected at one of its terminals to one of its terminals to one of the terminals ofa spark plug 13.
  • Ignition coil 11 also has a primary winding 14 which is connected to an npnswitching transistor 15.
  • the specific construction of the ignition coil 11 is well known and does not form part of the present invention.
  • the secondary winding 12 has been shown to be connected to only one spark plug 13, it is understood that, if an internal combustion engine has more than one cylinder, the secondary winding 12 may be connected to all the spark plugs by means of a conventional distributor (not shown). With such a distributor arrangement, successive voltages induced in the secondary winding 12 can be sequentially applied to the spark plugs in a predetermined order.
  • the transistor 15 has an emitter 16 and a collector 17 which forms an emitter-collector path which is connected in series with primary winding 14.
  • an ignition breaker switch is indicated by the reference numeral 18.
  • the breaker switch cooperates with a rotary element (not shown) in the combustion engine in a well-known manner so as to open and close said switch in dependence on the position of the rotary element.
  • the breaker switch 18 opens and closes alternatingly.
  • the times when the breaker switch 18 is open will be referred to asthe open interval and when the breaker switch 18 is closed will be referred to as the closed interval.
  • the open and closed intervals are sharply defined so that the state of the breaker switch 18 is solely defined by the position of the rotary element.
  • the breaker switch opens at a predetermined position of the rotary element and remains opened until the rotary element has reached a second position. At such time, the breaker switch 13 closes and remains closed until a third position of the rotary element has been reached. Upon reaching the fourth predetermined position, the breaker switch 18 opens once again.
  • these breaker switches do not always operate in such an ideal fashion. The imperfect action is partly attributable to the play in said switches caused by clearances and manufacturing tolerances. For this reason, such switches often have a tendency to open improperly.
  • the breaker switch 18 it will often close again at least momentarily during said first intervals. More commonly, such breaker switches close shortly after initial opening, after which the switch opens once again and remains open for the remainder of the open interval.
  • the ignition system 10 is connectable to a battery 19 whose negative terminal, in the embodiments to be described is connected to the circuit ground 20.
  • a voltage supply lead 21 is connected to the ground 20 and provides said potential to the ignition system 10.
  • a single pole, single throw switch 22 is connected between the positive pole of the battery 19 and a positive voltage supply lead 23.
  • the ignition circuit is controlled by the breaker switch 18 electrode 24 whose potential is controlled by the breaker switch 18 as will presently be described.
  • Each of the embodiments to be described has an electrode 24, the potential thereon being effective for actuating a switching transistor in series with primary winding.
  • each of the embodiments can be functionally broken down into two cir cuits.
  • the first circuit is generally connected between the ignition breaker switch 18 and the switching transistor 15 (or 68 in FIGS. 4 and 5) to open the latter when the ignition breaker switch opens and to close the switching transistor 15 when the ignition breaker switch closes.
  • the first circuit serves the function of opening and closing the switching transistor 15 under ideal operating conditions of the breaker switch.
  • the second circuit which will be identified for each of the embodiments that follow, is connected to the first circuit and is so arranged that it maintains the switching transistor 15 open irrespective of closing of the ignition breaker switch 18 during at least portions of the ideally open intervals.
  • the first circuit can be further broken down into two sub-circuits which are readily identifiable in all of the embodiments.
  • the first circuit includes a driving circuit which is connected to the switching transistor 15 and is connected to the control electrode 24. The potential applied to the control electrode 24 determines whether the driving circuit opens or closes the switching transistor 15.
  • the first circuit includes a control circuit which is connected to the breaker switch 18 and to the control electrode 24 for generating signals during the open and closed intervals of the breaker switch.
  • control electrode 24 fuctionally divides the first circuit into the two latter sub-circuits just described, the control circuit controlling the potential of the control electrode 24 as a function of the condition of the breaker switch 18, while the driving circuit responding to the potential at the electrode 24 to thereby control the operation of the switching transistor 15.
  • the switching transistor 15 has a base 25 which is connected to the driving circuit described above, and presently to be defined. By applying suitable voltages to the base 25 in relation to the emitter 16, the switching transistor 15 can be open or closed to thereby make the emitter-collector path 16-17 conductive or nonconductive. Since the switching transistor 15 is connected in series with the primary winding 14, the current flow to the latter is dependent on the conductive state of the switching transistor 15. Thus, when the switching transistor 15 is conductive, current can flow from the positive lead 23 to the primary winding 14, to the emitter-collector path l6, l7, and to the ground lead 21. However, when the switching transistor is nonconductive, current through the primary winding 14 is inhibited, except as will presently be described.
  • the control circuit for regulating the voltage at the control electrode 24 as a function of the open-closed conditions of the breaker switch 18, consists of a control resistor 26 connected between the positive lead 23 and the control electrode 24 and a resistor 27 connected between the control electrode 24 and one terminal of the breaker switch 18, the other terminal of the latter being connected to the ground lead 21.
  • the resistances 26 and 27 comprise a voltage divider whose tap point is connected to the control electrode 24. While the voltage divider is always connected to the positive lead 23 through the control resistor 26, it is connectable to the ground leaf 21 only through closing of the breaker switch 18.
  • the control resistor 26 serves as a voltage dropping element to thereby apply a potential difference between the positive lead 23 and the control electrode 24 when current flows through the control resistance 26 as will presently be described. It is not essential that the control element 26 be a resistor as shown but can be any element which exhibits a voltage drop upon the passage of current therethrough, e.g., a diode (not shown) having its cathode connected to the positive voltage lead 23 and its anode connected to the control electrode 24 to thereby conduct current from the latter to the former. In the event, if a diode is used, it may be desirable to connect a shunt capacitance thereacross (not shown).
  • the values of the resistors 26 and 27 are so selected that a relatively small voltage is developed across the resistor 26 when the breaker switch 18 is closed. Since the voltage developed across the resistor 26 is applied across an emitter-base of a transistor, to be described, for the purpose of forward biasing or cutting off the same, the voltage to be developed across the resistor 26 will typically be approximately 0.7 to 1 volts. With a battery voltage of 12 volts, for example, the ratio of the resistances of the resistor 27 to the resistor 26 is greater than 1. Thus, with this arrangement of the control circuit, the resistance of resistor 26 is much smaller than the resistance of resistor 27.
  • the primary winding 14 is connected in series with the emitter-collector path l6, 17 of the switching transistor to form a tap point 28. As described above, when the switching transistor 15 is conductive, current flows through the primary winding 14. In the embodiment under discussion, the primary winding 14 is utilized as an energy storage element which cooperates with the second circuit described above to maintain the switching transistor 15 open or non-conductive during the open intervals of the breaker switch 18 irrespective of closing of the breaker switch 18 during said open intervals. To achieve these desired results, the second circuit comprises a discharge conductor path 28a connected to the tap 28.
  • the discharge conductor 28a is connected to a resistor 29 which serves to limit the current flowing through the following series connected diode 30, the latter being connected to the control electrode 24 and to the tap points formed-by the resistors 26 and 27.
  • the second circuit in this instance comprises the discharge conductor 28a, the limiting resistor 29 and the diode 30.
  • This second circuit is connected to the tap point 28 and permits current flow from the primary winding 14 when the switching transistor 15 is placed in its non-conductive state.
  • the diode 30 is arranged with its cathode connected to the control electrode 24 and its anode connected to the limitingresistance 29 as shown to thereby permit current flow from the tap point 28 towards the control electrode 24.
  • Such current flow is generated by the stored energy in the primary winding 14.
  • the control electrode 24' is connected to the base 31 of a pnp coupling transistor 32 which forms a part of the driving circuit mentioned above.
  • the coupling transistor 32 has its emitter 33 connected to the positive lead 23 and its collector 34 connected to a voltage divider which comprises series connected resistors 35 and 36.
  • the voltage divider has a tap point 37 which is connected to the base 25 of the switching transistor 15.
  • the driving circuit in this instance comprises the coupling transistor 32 and the resistors 35 and 36.
  • the resistor 36 is also connected to the ground lead 21 so that the voltage divider 35, 36 as well as the series connected emitter-collector path 33, 34 are connected between the positive lead 23 and the negative lead 21.
  • the driving circuit the coupling transistor 32 and the voltage divider, comprising the resistances 35 and 36, are so arranged and the values of the latter are so selected so that the switching transistor 15 becomes highly conductive to present a virtual short circuit between the tap 28 and the ground lead 21.
  • the switching transistor 15 is so heavily conducting, hardly any current is diverted into the discharge conductor path 28a.
  • the switching transistor By thus removing the positive biasing voltage from the base 25, the switching transistor becomes non-conductive and the field which has been built up around the primary winding 14 begins to collapse to the drop in current in the latter.
  • An' induced voltage inv the secondary winding 12 is thereby generated in accordance with well-known principles, the turn ratio between the primary and secondary windings being so selected that a sufficiently high voltage is attained which will be effective to produce a spark across the spark plug 13.
  • the resistor 26 is selected so that when the current flowing in the latter loop flows therethrough, the voltage developed across the resistor 26 is sufficient to maintain the emitter-base junction of the transistor 32 in the nonconductive state.
  • the current through the loop is controlled by the value of the resistor 29.
  • - resistor 29 is selected so that an appropriate cut-off voltage may be developed across the transistor 32 emitter-base junction but to prevent a substantial portion of the current originally flowing through the primary winding 14 to be diverted into the second circuit. In this manner, the change in current effected as a result of the turning off of the switching transistor 15 is still considerable and therefore a sufficient voltage may be developed in the secondary winding 12 to create a spark across a spark plug 13. Now, when the breaker switch momentarily closes after initial opening the base 31 of the transistor 32 is made somewhat more negative by the voltage divider action of the resistors 26 and 27.
  • the resistors 26 and 27 are so selected so that, with the loop current above described, the voltage developed across the resistor 26 is still sufficiently positive at the base 31 in relation to the emitter 33 so that the transistor 32 remains non-conductive. Therefore even with a momentary closing of the breaker switch 18, the coupling transistor 32 remains in its nonconductive condition, just as though the breaker switch 18 had never closed.
  • the time constant of the loop comprising the primary winding 14, the limiting resistor 29, the diode 30, and the resistor 26 is so selected that the magnetic field discharges in the manner described for a long enough period after initial opening of the breaker switch 18 to include all the anticipated times during the open interval during which the breaker switch may momentarily closexln this manner, the momentary closings of the breaker switch 18 are masked out at the input to the driving circuit so that insofar as the switching transistor 15 is concerned it is only turned on and off as it would be by an ideal breaker switch 18.
  • the coupling transistor 32 is susceptible to be made conductive once again by the closing of the breaker switch 18 as described above.
  • the closing of the breaker switch 18 will at this time again build up the magnetic field around the primary winding 14, which field will be utilized in conjunction with the second circuit to compensate for the imperfect, actual operation of the breaker switch.
  • the diode is provided in the loop so that during the conductive state of the emitter-collector path 16-17, no unnecessary current flows through the second circuit but all the current flowing into the collector 17 is primary winding 14 current.
  • the control circuit of the first circuit has somewhat been modified, as to be described.
  • the driving circuit of the first circuit comprising the transistor 32 and the resistors 35 and 36, is identical with that in FIG. 1.
  • the second circuit comprising the limiting resistor 29 and the diode 30 in FIG. 1 has been deleted and a new circuit has been substituted therefor.
  • the diode 48 is connected between the two resistors 26 and 27 making up the voltage divider of FIG. 1.
  • Connected to the tap point 28 is a Zener diode 38 connected in series with a limiting resistor 29, these series connected elements being connected to the base 47 of a transistor 44.
  • the emitter 45 of this transistor is connected.
  • the transistor 39 is selected to be a pnp transistor while the transistor 44 is an npn transistor.
  • the voltage at the base 47 of the transistor 44 is substantially at the ground potential and equal to the potential of the emitter 45.
  • the transistor 44 is in the non-conductive state and no current flows in the collector 46 of transistor 44 or in the base 42 of the transistor 39.
  • the emitter-collector path 40-41 of the transistor 39 is thus non-conductive, and, for all practical purposes, the second circuit is not present.
  • the switching transistor becomes non-conductive and the energy stored in the primary winding 14 is diverted into the discharge conductor 28a.
  • the emittercollector path 16-17 no longer shorts the tap point 28 to the negative lead 21, the voltage at the tap point 28 becoming sufficiently positive so that the Zener diode 38 breaks down and maintains its Zener voltage thereacross.
  • the balance of the positive voltage at the tap point 28 is applied to the base 47 of the transistor 44 which is sufficiently positive with respect to the emitter 45 potential, that the emitter-collector path 45-46 of the transistor 44 becomes conductive. This causes a base current to flow in the base 42 of the transistor 39 and the latter transistor similarly becomes conductive.
  • the resistor 43 is selected so that sufficient base current can flow in the base 42 in order that the transistor 39 becomes highly conductive and creates a substantial short circuit between the positive lead 23 and the cathode of the diode 48.
  • the cathode of the diode 48 is thereby maintained at a potential nearly equal to that of the positive supply leads 23 and this is substantially independent of whether the breaker switch 18 is opened or closed.
  • the control electrode 24 is maintained at its positive potential as long as energy from the primary winding 14 maintains the transistors 44 and 39 in their conductive states. During this time the control electrode 24 is maintained at a sufficiently positive level so that the closing of the breaker switch 18 momentarily after opening does not bring the control electrode 24 to sufficiently negative voltage which can cause the driving transistor 32 to become conductive.
  • the provision of the diode 48 between the electrode 24 and the conducting collector 41 is to insure that the somewhat more negative collector 41 relative to the lead 23 cannot make the control electrode 24 sufficiently negative to make the transistor 32 conductive. Thus, any difference in potential between the collector 41 and the emitter 40 appears across the diode 48. In this manner, the voltage of the control electrode 24 is almost identical with the voltage at the emitter 33.
  • the resistor 43 serves tolimit the current flowing in the emitter-base path 40-42 to thereby prevent the transistor 39 from becoming damaged or destroyed. It should be noted, that except for the short interval following initial opening of the breaker switch 18 when the stored energy in the primary winding 14 is being discharged, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 operates similarly to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in respect to the normal opening and closing intervals.
  • the ignition circuit illustrated in FIG. 3 has been somewhat modified in that the control circuit comprising the resistors 26 and 27 of FIGS. 1 and 2 has been replaced by the resistor 26 which is now directly connected to the breaker switch 18.
  • a diode 49 is connected to the tap point formed by the connection of the two latter elements.
  • the cathode of thediode 49 is connected to a limiting resistor 57 which in turn is connected to the control electrode 24.
  • the driving circuit of the first circuit now merely consists of a driving transistor 52 whose collector 55 is connected to the positive supply lead 23 through a collector resistor 54.
  • the base 56 forms the control electrode 24 and the emitter 53 is connected to the negative supply lead 21'.
  • the base 25 of the switching transistor 15 is directly connected to the collector 55 of the driving'transistor 52.
  • the second circuit in the present embodiment cornprises a resistor 29 connected to the tap point 28 which is connected in series with a resistor SO, the latter also being connected to the negative supply lead 21.
  • a storage capacitor 51 is connected in parallel with the resistor 50.
  • the tap point formed by the connection. between the resistor 29 and is connected to the cathode of the diode 49.
  • the diode 49 is arrangedso that its anode is connected to thebreakerswitch 18 and its cathode is connected to the junction between the resistors 29 and 50 so that a current flow from the junction is blocked from flowing through the (110(1649 but instead must flow through the resistor 57.
  • the driving. transistor 52 is an npn coupling transistor.
  • the anode of the diode 49 is placed at the potential of the negative supply lead 21 and is thereby made non-conductive. Since the capacitor 51 is originally discharged, the voltage applied between the cathode of the diode 49 and the resistor 57 is substantially equal to the ground potential of the circuit, this voltage being applied to the base 56 or the control electrode 24 to thereby maintain the emitter-collector path 53-55 of the driving transitor 52 in the nonconductive state. With the transistor 52 nonconductive, the collector 55 thereof is substantially more positive than the emitter 16 of the switching transistor 15, so that the latter transistor becomes conductive by virtue of its base 25 being connected to the collector 55.
  • the emitter-collector path 16-17 of the switching transistor 15 becomes highly conductive and becomes saturated to thereby present an almost perfect short circuit between the tap point 28 and the negative supply lead 21. Under this condition, the voltage across the capacitor 51 cannot build to any substantial positive value so that the voltage transmitted to the control electrode 24 remains to be sufficiently negative to thereby maintain the transistor 52 non-conductive.
  • the discharge current begins to flow in the last-mentioned loop.
  • the resistors 29 and 50 are so selected so that the discharge current develops a sufficiently high positive voltage across the resistor 50 so that this voltage applied between the diode 49 and the resistor 57 will be of sufficiently high positive magnitude to maintain the transistor 52 in its conducting state.
  • the transistor 52 will nevertheless remain conductive as long as the junction points between the resistors 29 and 50 is ofa sufficiently high positive magnitude in respect to the emitter 53 voltage.
  • the capacitor 51 is connected in parallel with resistor 50 so that some of the current flowing through the resistor 29 is utilized to charge the capacitor 51 to a positive level at its upper plate.
  • the transistor 52 is in its conductive state, such conductive state is maintained by the discharge of current from the capacitor 51 into the control electrode 24 and the base emitter junction 56-53 of the transistor 52.
  • the junction point between the resistors 29 and 50 is again at the ground potential and therefore the transistor 52 now remains conductive but due to the open condition of the switch 18 as described above.
  • the closing of the breaker switch at this time would cause the transistor 52 to become nonconductive to thereby again turn the switching transistor 15 on and cause a current to flow through the primary winding 14 to reestablish a field thereabout.
  • the time constant of the second circuit may be selected so that the momentary closing of the breaker switch 18 can be compensated for within a range of time after initial opening.
  • the blocking diode 49 is provided to prevent a rapid discharge of the capacitor 51 by a closing of the breaker switch 18. Thus, whenever the capacitor 51 has a voltage thereacross the breaker switch 18 closes, the blocking diode 49 automatically becomes nonconductive and the rapid discharge of the capacitor is thereby prevented.
  • the second circuit has been connected to the primary winding 14, the latter providing the energy which has been stored during the closed condition of the breaker switch 18 to prevent the closing of-the switching transistor during momentary closing of the breaker switch after a normal opening thereof.
  • a separate energy storing element is utilized for the purpose of storing energy when the breaker switch 18 is-closed during the normally closed interval and this stored energy is utilized for the purposes described above.
  • the control circuit of the first circuit here consists of a resistor 26 which is connected between the positive supply lead 23 and the breaker switch 18. The tap point between the resistor 26 and the switch 18 is connected to the control electrode 24 through two resistors 57 and 60 which are connected in series with one another.
  • the driving circuit of the first circuit comprises a npn transistor 52 whose base 56 comprises the control electrode 24.
  • the emitter 53 of the transistor 52 is connected to the negative supply lead 21 while its collector 55 is connected to the positive supply lead 23 through a collector-resistor 54.
  • a second driving transistor 63 has its base 62 connected to the collector 55 of the transistor 52 through a limiting resistor 62.
  • the emitter 64 of the transistor 63 is connected to thenegative supply lead 21 while the collector 65 thereof is connected to the positive supply lead 23 through a set of series connected resistors 66 and 67 forming a tap point 70.
  • the switching transistor 68 has a base 69 connected to the tap point 70 of the voltage divider while its emitter-collector path 71-72 is respectively connected between the positive supply lead 23 and the primary winding 14.
  • the second circuit in this embodiment comprises a diode 59 connected in parallel with the resistor 60 in a direction to conduct current from the resistor 26 towards the resistor 57.
  • the second circuit consists of a storage capacitor 58 which is connected between the cathode of the diode 59 and the negative supply lead 21. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the
  • transistors 52 and 63 are selected to be of the npn type while the switching transistor 68 is selected to be of the p YP-
  • the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 will now be described.
  • the tap point between the resistor 26 and the breaker switch 18 is placed at ground potential so that the control electrode 24 is not sufficiently positive to cause the transistor 52 to become conductive.
  • the collector 55 thereof is sufficiently positive in relation to the emitter 64 of the transistor 63, that the latter transistor becomes conductive and a current flows from the positive supply lead 23 through the resistors 66 and 67 through the collector-emitter path 65-64 towards the negative supply lead 21.
  • This voltage divider develops a voltage at the tap point 70 which is sufficiently negative in relation to the emitter 71 of the transistor 68 so that the latter transistor becomes conductive and current flows through the emitter-collector path 71-72 into the primary winding 14 where energy is stored as described above.
  • the junction point between the resistor 26 and breaker switch 18 becomes highly positive so that the diode 59 becomes conductive in a forward direction and a current flows therethrough to both provide a base current in the base 56 as well as to provide a charging current to charge the capacitor 58.
  • the transistor 52 becomes conductive and its collector 55 drops sharply in the negative direction to a point where it is no longer sufficiently positive in relation to the emitter 64 of the transistor 63, to maintain the conductive state of the latter.
  • the transistor 63 turned off, the current originally flowing through the resistors 66 and 67 ceases and the voltage at the tap point 70 rises sharply towards the voltage of the positive supply lead 23.
  • the anode of the diode 59 is placed at the ground potential while its cathode is at the potential developed across the capacitor 58. Therefore, the diode 59 becomes non-conductive.
  • the capacitor 58 has sufficient charge stored thereon so that it may continue to supply a base current through the resistor 57 to the transistor 52 to maintain the same in a conductive state in spite of a momentary closing of the switch 18.
  • the time during which the transistor 52 can be so maintained conductive when the switch 18 is closed is determined by the time constant of the capacitor 58 and the resistors 57 and Y60. It will be noted that the operation of the embodiments in FIG. 4 is somewhat different than that discussedpreviously in relation to the.
  • the energy stored for purposes of cornpensating for momentary closings of the breaker switch 18 was the same energy stored during a normal closing of the switch 18.
  • the energy stored for this purpose is not stored during the normal closing of the breaker switch 18 but is rather stored during the short initial opening interval of the breaker switch 18 prior to theundesired momentary closing thereof.
  • the discharge resistor 60 is so chosen that the storage capacitor 58 after the closing of the breaker switch 18 discharges the latter in a relatively short period of time during the normal closing interval of the switch.
  • the discharge current is made small enough so that the capacitor 60 does not fully discharge during the anticipated time intervals during which the breaker switch 18 is contemplated to momentarily close after a normal opening of the switch.
  • the storage capacitor 58 acts as a source of voltage during the critical time intervals when the breaker switch 18 may close to maintain the control electrode 24 potential the same as it would be were the breaker switch 18 to remain continuously open.
  • the diode 59 is selected to conduct current in the direction described above to thereby permit a quick charging of the storage capacitor 58 while preventing an equally rapid discharging thereof when the switch I8 closes.
  • the ignition system illustratd in FIG. differs from the previous embodiments in that the driving circuit has been totally eliminated from the first circuit.
  • the control circuit of the first circuit similarly to that in FIG. 2, consists of a pair of resistors 26 and 27 connected in series with each other to form a voltage divider between the positive supply lead 23 and the breaker switch 18.
  • a diode 48 is connected between the resistors 26 and 27, the resistor 26 and the anode of the diode 48 forming a tap point which is. connected to the control electrode 24.
  • a storage meanssimilar to that in FIG. 4 is utilized here and this consists of the storage capacitor 58.
  • the second circuit in this embodiment is similar to that described in connection with FIG.
  • the second circuit here comprises a transistor 39 whose emitter is connected to the positive supply lead 23 and its collector is connected to the cathode of the diode 48.
  • the base 42 of the transistor 39 is connected to the collector 46 of the transistor 44.
  • the transistor 39 is a pnp transistor While the transistor 44 is an npn transistor.
  • the emitter 45 of the transistor 44 is connected to the negative supply lead 21 while its base 47 is connected to the storage capacitor 58 through a limiting resistor 73.
  • the storage capacitor 58 is connected to a source of current by means of a diode 59 and a parallel connected resistor 60. In this case, the diode 59 and resistor 60 are connected between the storage capacitor 58 and the cathode of the diode 48.
  • the transistor 44 is substantially at the same potential as its emitter so that the transistor 44 is in a non-. conductive state. This, as will be described, also causes the transistor 39 to, the non-conductive. With the breaker switch 18 closed, the series connected resistors 26 and 27 as well as the diode 48 areplacedacross the positive and negative supply leads 23 and 21 respectively so that a current flows from the former to the latter.
  • the diode 48 is conductive and a voltage is developed across-the resistor 26 which is sufiiciently high to apply to the control electrode 24 or the base 69 a sufficiently high negative voltage in relation to that appearing at the emitter 71 of the switching transistor 68 so that the latter becomes conductive and a collector current flows through the collector 72 into the primary winding I4. Energy is stored in the primary winding 14 during the normally closed interval of the breaker switch 18.
  • the transistor 39 is of the pnp type and the transistor 44 is of the npn type, current flow in the collector 46 forms a base current in the base 42 which is effective to make the transistor 39 similarly conductive.
  • the emittercollector path 40-41 of the transistor 39 becomes conductive, it presents a virtual short circuit between the positive supply lead 23 and the anode of the diode 59 to thereby place the latter at such a high positive potential that a momentary closing of the breaker switch 18 does not bring the cathode of the diode 48 to a sufficiently negative voltage to turn the latter diode on.
  • the diode 48 remains in its non-conductive state, no current can flow through the resistor 26 and the transistor 68 remains non-conductive.
  • the time during which momentary closings of the breaker switch 18 can be masked is a function of the time constant of the capacitor 58 as well as the resistors 60 and 27.
  • the base 47 is substantially at the same potential as the emitter 45 so that the transistor 44 becomes non-conductive and thereby the transistor 39 similarly becomes non-conductive.
  • the cathode of the diode 48 drops towards the negative potential and becomes conductive whereby the control electrode 24 becomes more negative in respect to the emitter 71 and the switching transistor 68 can once again conduct.
  • an ignition system for an internal combustion engine of the type including an ignition transformer comprised of a primary winding and a secondary winding and spark producing means connected across said secondary winding. in combination therewith, a rotary element driven by and rotating in synchronism with the engine; an ignition breaker switch coupled to said rotary element and arranged to be open during first time intervals corresponding to first predetermined ranges of angular positions of said rotary element and to be closed during second time intervals alternating with said first time intervals and corresponding to second predetermined ranges of angular positions of said rotary element; switching means connected in the current path of said primary winding and operative when open for preventing flow of current through said primary winding through such current path and operative when closed for permitting flow of current through said primary winding through such current path; first circuit means connected between said ignition breaker switch and said switching means and normally operative for causing said switching means to open when said breaker switch opens and for causing said switching means to close when said breaker switch closes; and second circuit means connected to said first circuit means and
  • said first circuit means comprises driving means connected to said switching means and having a control electrode; and signal control means connected to said breaker switch and to said control electrode for generating signals during said first and second intervals in response to opening andclosing of said breaker switch at said control electrode which causes said driving means to correspondingly open andclose said switching means.
  • said second circuit means is connected to said control electrode and is arranged to maintain said driving means in a condition wherein the latter prevents said switching means from closing during at least portions of said first intervals.
  • said first circuit means further comprises first and second leads each connectable to a respective pole of a source of electrical energy, connected primary winding and switching means being connected in series between said first and second leads, said ignition breaker switch having two terminals one of which is connected to one of said leads and the other terminal of which is connected to said control electrode.
  • said one of said leads to which said one terminal is connected constitutes said second lead
  • said first circuit means further comprises first resistance means connected between said first lead and said other terminal of said ignition breaker switch.
  • said first circuit means further comprises second resistance means connected between said first resistance means and said other terminal of said ignition breaker switch, said first and second resistance means forming a tap point connected to said control electrode.
  • said first circuit means comprises capacitor means for storing electrical energy when said ignition breaker switch is open during said first intervals, said capacitor means being arranged to discharge said electrical energy during said at least portions of said first intervals to thereby apply a maintaining signal to said control electrode for maintaining said switching means open during said portions of said first intervals.
  • said second circuit means includes a discharge conductor lead connecting the tap point between said series connected primary winding and switching means with said control electrode.
  • said second circuit means further comprises a resistance connected between said discharge conductor lead and said control electrode.
  • a combination as defined in claim 12, wherein said second. circuit means further comprises a voltage reference means connected in series with said resistance and said discharge conductor lead.
  • said voltage reference means comprises a Z'ener diode.
  • said second circuit means further comprises diode means connected in series with said resistance and said discharge conductor lead.
  • said second circuit means further comprises a switch connected between said first lead and said tap point, said switch being actuable during said portions of said first intervals to maintain said switching means open irrespective of closing of said ignition breaker switch during said portions.
  • said switch comprises a switching transistor having its emitter-collector path connected between said first lead and said tap point, and having its base actuated during said portions of said first intervals to close said path to thereby'm-aintain said switching means open during said interval portions.
  • said second circuit means further comprises a control transistor having its emitter-collector path connected between the base of said switching transistor and said second lead. and having a base actuable during said portions of said first intervals, to thereby close said switching transistor emitter-collector path.
  • said second circuit means includes a discharge conductor lead connecting the tap point between said series connected primary winding and switching means with said control electrode, said discharge conductor being connected to the base of said control transistor.
  • said diode means comprises a diode arranged to conduct current which flows from said first lead through said first resistance means duringsaidportions of said intervals, said diode also being connected to said'control electrode.
  • said second circuit means further comprises first and second resistors connected in series with oneanother, said series connected resistors being connected in parallel to said switching means.
  • a combinationas defined in claim '5,'wherein'said second circuit means further comprises diode means connected between said other terminaland said control electrode; and capacitor means connected between said control electrode and saidsecond lead.
  • said diode means comprises a diode ari'ang ed to'conduct current in a direction from said *firstresistance meanstowards said control electrode.
  • said second circuit means further includes a transistor having its base connected to said'diode'means andits emitter-collector path-connected between said second lead and said control electrode.
  • a combination as'defined in claim 30,-further comprising a resistance connected between said diode means and the base of'said transiston 32.
  • said driving means comprises a transistor having its'emittercollector path'connectedbetweensaid'first and second leads, and having its base connected to said control electrode, said transistor being connected to said switching means for controlling the'ope'n and closed states of the latter.
  • said switching means comprises a transistor having its emitter-collector path connected in series with said primary winding andhaving its base directly connected to said control electrode.
  • said driving means comprises a transistor'having it's emittercollector path-connected between said first and second leads; said signal control means comprising first and second resistance means connected in series with each other and with said breaker switch between said first and second leads to form a tap, said tap being connected to the base of said transistor, said transistor being connected to said switching means for controlling the open and closed states of the latter.
  • a combination as defined in claim 34 further comprising diode means connected between said first and second resistance means, the base of said transistor being connected to a tap point formed by said diode means and one of said resistance means.
  • said driving means comprises a transistor having its emittercollector path connected between said first and second leads; said signal control means comprising first resistance means connected in series to said breaker switch to form a tap, the latter series combination being connected betweensaid first and second leads, the base of said transistor being connected to said tap.
  • diode means comprise a diode arranged to conduct current from said tap to said base.
  • an ignition system for an internal combustion engine of the type including an ignition transformer comprised of a primary winding and a secondary winding and spark producing means connected across said secondary winding, in combination therewith, a rotary element driven by and rotating in synchronism with the engine; an ignition breaker switch coupled to said rotary element and arranged to be open during first time intervals corresponding to first predetermined ranges of angular positions of said rotary element and to be closed during second time intervals alternating with said first time intervals and corresponding to second predetermined ranges of angular positions of said rotary element; switching means connected in the current path of said primary winding and operative when open for preventing flow of current through said primary winding through such current path and operative when closed for permitting flow of current through said primary winding through such current path; first circuit means connected between said ignition breaker switch and said switching means and normally operative for causing said switching means to open when said breaker switch opens for causing said switching means to close when said breaker switch closes, and wherein said primary winding constitutes an energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US00273185A 1971-07-24 1972-07-19 Ignition system for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US3854466A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE2137204A DE2137204C3 (de) 1971-07-24 1971-07-24 Zündeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen

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US (1) US3854466A (es)
AT (1) AT317615B (es)
AU (1) AU469033B2 (es)
BR (1) BR7204887D0 (es)
CH (1) CH542366A (es)
DE (1) DE2137204C3 (es)
ES (1) ES405126A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2147646A5 (es)
GB (1) GB1381893A (es)
IT (1) IT963287B (es)
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SE (1) SE388247B (es)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924595A (en) * 1973-06-12 1975-12-09 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Automatic turn-off for transistorized ignition systems for internal combustion engines
FR2325817A1 (fr) * 1975-09-25 1977-04-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Dispositif d'allumage pour moteurs a combustion interne
US4036198A (en) * 1975-10-17 1977-07-19 Howard Homer E Ignition system with programmable dwell
US4077377A (en) * 1975-09-25 1978-03-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Protective circuit for the ignition system of an internal combustion engine
US4088927A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-05-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Interference-protected, switch-controlled square wave generation circuit
US4100907A (en) * 1976-07-02 1978-07-18 Motorola, Inc. Start-to-run circuit for an electronic ignition system
US4100908A (en) * 1975-07-24 1978-07-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Semiconductor ignition system for internal combustion engines
US4186713A (en) * 1976-10-28 1980-02-05 Lucas Industries Limited Ignition systems for internal combustion engine
FR2465894A1 (fr) * 1979-09-21 1981-03-27 Psa Grpt Int Eco Rech Develop Dispositif electronique de commande d'une bobine d'allumage pour moteur a combustion interne
US4448182A (en) * 1979-09-10 1984-05-15 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ignition system for internal combustion engines
FR2560646A1 (fr) * 1984-03-01 1985-09-06 Ducellier & Cie Dispositif de protection pour systeme d'allumage de vehicule automobile
US5139004A (en) * 1991-09-25 1992-08-18 Delco Electronics Corporation Ignition system for a spark ignited internal combustion engine
US20160160832A1 (en) * 2013-07-17 2016-06-09 Delphi Technologies ,Inc. Ignition System for Spark Ignition Engines and Method of Operating Same

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1489568A (en) * 1973-10-19 1977-10-19 Lucas Electrical Ltd Spark ignition systems for internal combustion engines
DE2354192C2 (de) * 1973-10-30 1982-11-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Zündeinrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE3629501A1 (de) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-03 Telefunken Electronic Gmbh Zuendschaltung fuer brennstoffkraftmaschinen
JPS6380077A (ja) * 1986-09-24 1988-04-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 内燃機関の点火装置

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US3144012A (en) * 1962-08-29 1964-08-11 Gen Motors Corp Internal combustion engine ignition system and tachometer
US3260251A (en) * 1963-08-31 1966-07-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Battery ignition system for internal combustion engines
US3291110A (en) * 1965-09-02 1966-12-13 Jasper N Cunningham High voltage circuit for automobile engine ignition
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US3581726A (en) * 1969-07-22 1971-06-01 Mallory Electric Corp Capacitive-discharge system for internal combustion engines
US3651793A (en) * 1969-02-12 1972-03-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for limiting the speed of internal combustion engines
US3658044A (en) * 1970-12-08 1972-04-25 Alden L Safstrom Capacitor discharge ignition system
US3666989A (en) * 1969-04-03 1972-05-30 Ford Motor Co Ignition system supplying continuous source of sparks
US3716037A (en) * 1969-10-15 1973-02-13 C Jacobs Capacitive discharge ignition system
US3727071A (en) * 1970-11-05 1973-04-10 G Moran Impulse generator to ignite combustion engines
US3745985A (en) * 1970-09-28 1973-07-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for preventing current flow in the ignition coil of an internal combustion engine during standstill conditions

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US3144012A (en) * 1962-08-29 1964-08-11 Gen Motors Corp Internal combustion engine ignition system and tachometer
US3260251A (en) * 1963-08-31 1966-07-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Battery ignition system for internal combustion engines
US3564581A (en) * 1965-01-11 1971-02-16 Frederick L Winterburn Ignition system
US3291110A (en) * 1965-09-02 1966-12-13 Jasper N Cunningham High voltage circuit for automobile engine ignition
US3651793A (en) * 1969-02-12 1972-03-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for limiting the speed of internal combustion engines
US3666989A (en) * 1969-04-03 1972-05-30 Ford Motor Co Ignition system supplying continuous source of sparks
US3581726A (en) * 1969-07-22 1971-06-01 Mallory Electric Corp Capacitive-discharge system for internal combustion engines
US3716037A (en) * 1969-10-15 1973-02-13 C Jacobs Capacitive discharge ignition system
US3745985A (en) * 1970-09-28 1973-07-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for preventing current flow in the ignition coil of an internal combustion engine during standstill conditions
US3727071A (en) * 1970-11-05 1973-04-10 G Moran Impulse generator to ignite combustion engines
US3658044A (en) * 1970-12-08 1972-04-25 Alden L Safstrom Capacitor discharge ignition system

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924595A (en) * 1973-06-12 1975-12-09 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Automatic turn-off for transistorized ignition systems for internal combustion engines
US4100908A (en) * 1975-07-24 1978-07-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Semiconductor ignition system for internal combustion engines
FR2325817A1 (fr) * 1975-09-25 1977-04-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Dispositif d'allumage pour moteurs a combustion interne
US4077379A (en) * 1975-09-25 1978-03-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Internal combustion engine semi-conductor ignition control system
US4077377A (en) * 1975-09-25 1978-03-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Protective circuit for the ignition system of an internal combustion engine
US4036198A (en) * 1975-10-17 1977-07-19 Howard Homer E Ignition system with programmable dwell
US4088927A (en) * 1975-12-23 1978-05-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Interference-protected, switch-controlled square wave generation circuit
US4100907A (en) * 1976-07-02 1978-07-18 Motorola, Inc. Start-to-run circuit for an electronic ignition system
US4186713A (en) * 1976-10-28 1980-02-05 Lucas Industries Limited Ignition systems for internal combustion engine
US4448182A (en) * 1979-09-10 1984-05-15 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Ignition system for internal combustion engines
FR2465894A1 (fr) * 1979-09-21 1981-03-27 Psa Grpt Int Eco Rech Develop Dispositif electronique de commande d'une bobine d'allumage pour moteur a combustion interne
EP0026138A1 (fr) * 1979-09-21 1981-04-01 Psa Etudes Et Recherches Dispositif électronique de commande d'une bobine d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne et moteur comportant un tel dispositif
FR2560646A1 (fr) * 1984-03-01 1985-09-06 Ducellier & Cie Dispositif de protection pour systeme d'allumage de vehicule automobile
EP0154567A1 (fr) * 1984-03-01 1985-09-11 Ducellier Et Cie Dispositif de protection pour système d'allumage de véhicule automobile
US5139004A (en) * 1991-09-25 1992-08-18 Delco Electronics Corporation Ignition system for a spark ignited internal combustion engine
US20160160832A1 (en) * 2013-07-17 2016-06-09 Delphi Technologies ,Inc. Ignition System for Spark Ignition Engines and Method of Operating Same
US9816476B2 (en) * 2013-07-17 2017-11-14 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Ignition system for spark ignition engines and method of operating same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1381893A (en) 1975-01-29
IT963287B (it) 1974-01-10
DE2137204B2 (de) 1977-09-08
DE2137204A1 (de) 1973-02-01
FR2147646A5 (es) 1973-03-09
NL7210113A (es) 1973-01-26
CH542366A (de) 1973-09-30
SE388247B (sv) 1976-09-27
AT317615B (de) 1974-09-10
ES405126A1 (es) 1975-07-16
BR7204887D0 (pt) 1973-07-10
DE2137204C3 (de) 1978-05-03
AU469033B2 (en) 1976-01-29
AU4491172A (en) 1974-01-31

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