US3851612A - Spinnaker construction - Google Patents

Spinnaker construction Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3851612A
US3851612A US00299425A US29942572A US3851612A US 3851612 A US3851612 A US 3851612A US 00299425 A US00299425 A US 00299425A US 29942572 A US29942572 A US 29942572A US 3851612 A US3851612 A US 3851612A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
spinnaker
pocket
aerodynamic
center line
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00299425A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
D Jalbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US00299425A priority Critical patent/US3851612A/en
Priority to FR7335418A priority patent/FR2203736B3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3851612A publication Critical patent/US3851612A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels
    • B63H9/067—Sails characterised by their construction or manufacturing process

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A spinnaker is formed having an upper region of a desired compound curvature formed by known means and a lower region, where the curvature is substantially in a horizontal plane only, formed of a plurality of flat panels and aerodynamic cells or panels.
  • Each aerodynamic cell is formed having a built-in pocket with sides having a straight edge and a cambered edge extending therefrom with the cambered edges being connected by a rectangular piece of sail cloth.
  • An object of this invention is to provide a spinnaker having a plurality of panels in the lower region, where curvature is substantially in a horizontal plane, with a plurality of panels which are aerodynamic panels or cells.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a spinnaker in which the panels can be easily altered to have either a flat panel or an aerodynamic panel or cell.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a spinnaker having a plurality of aerodynamic cells on each side of the center seam with the panels in a horizontal position, with the line of maximum camber of each aerodynamic cell being away from the center seam.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide an aerodynamic cell for a spinnaker, said cell being formed having two sides, each side having one straight edge and a cambered edge extending therefrom, each cambered edge forming an airfoil contour with its cooperating straight edge.
  • the cambered edges are connected by a rectangular piece of sail cloth.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of the rear of a spinnaker showing an arrangement of the panels forming the sail.
  • FIG. 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
  • the spinnaker 1 is formed having a head 2, foot 3, leech-luffs 6, 7 and clews 8.
  • the spinnakerl is shown formed of vertical gores 10 in the upper region 12 of substantial compound curvature.
  • the gores 10 provide a desired compound curvature, which is preferably spherical. This area is shown comprising approximately 35 percent to 40 percent of the sail height.
  • the lower region 14 of the spinnaker l where curvature is substantially in a horizontal plane only, is formed of a plurality of flat panels 16 and aerodynamic panels or cells 16A,
  • a prior art spinnaker ofsubstantially all flat panel construction in the lower region is shown in US. Pat. No. 3,356,059, referred to above.
  • a flat panel 16 is a panel formed from sail cloth which would lie substantially flat on a flat surface.
  • An aerodynamic cell or panel 16A is a panel having a built-in pocket with sides 18 and 20, each shaped having a like straight edge 22 and 24, respectively, and a like cambered edge 26 and 28, respectively, spaced therefrom.
  • the cambered edges 26 and 28 are connected by a rectangular piece of sail .cloth 30 equally spacing the one side 18 from the other side 20.
  • the like cambered edges, 26 and 28, each have their point of maximum camber A and B, respectively, located towards one end, thereby forming a like airfoil section with their cooperating straight edges 22 and 24, respectively.
  • the size of the panel 16A is dictated by the length of the straight edges 22 and 24 and the width of the rectangular piece of sail cloth 30 between the sides 18 and 20.
  • Each cell 16A can be formed in any manner desired using one or more pieces of sail cloth. Large cells 16A could probably require more than one piece.
  • the cells 16A are shown in a horizontal position, with the line of maximum camber A-B to one side. On the right side of the center seam C, the line of maximum camber A-B is located towards edge 7, and on the left side of the center seam C, the line of maximum camber A-B is located towards edge 6. In this position the sides l8and of the cells provide addition vertical lift while also acting as horizontal stabilizers where the adjacent sides of cells'form a rib. While the aerodynamic panels or cells have been shown horizontal, a cell can be vertical with the line of maximum camber A-B located up or down to achieve a desired effect.
  • FIG. 2 shows the effect of the wind in one direction to aid in keeping the spinnaker full. The air acting on each aerodynamic cell or panel provides a force to keep the spinnaker open.
  • An improved spinnaker comprising two main portions, an upper portion aand a lower portion, said upper portion being formed of compound curvature with a lower edge, said lower portion extending from' the lower edge of the upper portion to a foot, said lower portion having a center line, said lower portion being formed of a plurality of rectangular panels on each side of said center line, at least some of said panels on each side comprising aerodynamic cells, each aerodynamic cell being formedas a closed built-in pocket, each built-in pocket having a maximum depth nearer one end of the pocket, said maximum depth extending for a substantial distance across the pocket, the maximum depth of each pocket being positioned away from the center line.
  • each pocket has two sides, each side being formed having a straight edge and a curved edge, the curved edge of each side having a point of maximum camber located towards one end, a length of sail mate 3 of said sides and the ends of said length of sail material forming a rectangle and being fixed in said lower portion of said spinnaker as a rectangular panel with the maximum depth being positioned away from the center line.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US00299425A 1972-10-20 1972-10-20 Spinnaker construction Expired - Lifetime US3851612A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00299425A US3851612A (en) 1972-10-20 1972-10-20 Spinnaker construction
FR7335418A FR2203736B3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1972-10-20 1973-09-28

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00299425A US3851612A (en) 1972-10-20 1972-10-20 Spinnaker construction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3851612A true US3851612A (en) 1974-12-03

Family

ID=23154737

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00299425A Expired - Lifetime US3851612A (en) 1972-10-20 1972-10-20 Spinnaker construction

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3851612A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
FR (1) FR2203736B3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4296704A (en) * 1979-05-07 1981-10-27 Bridge John G Anti-gravity spinnaker
US4637333A (en) * 1985-12-09 1987-01-20 Christ Howard N Sail having a honeycomb array of pockets
DE3828077A1 (de) * 1988-08-18 1990-02-22 Andreas Augsburg Segel

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2552393A1 (fr) * 1983-09-28 1985-03-29 Julian Yvon Voile comportant des elements de voile additionnels et bateau equipe de cette voile
EP0968915B1 (de) * 1998-06-29 2004-08-18 Schädlich, Birgit Vorwindsegel

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR325763A (fr) * 1902-08-27 1903-05-07 Lignon Joseph Henri Francois Perfectionnement de la voile guiran-long
US2159923A (en) * 1938-03-31 1939-05-23 Frank M Willard Pocket sail
FR83313E (fr) * 1963-01-10 1964-07-24 Perfectionnements aux voilures de bateaux
US3174453A (en) * 1961-06-08 1965-03-23 Lemoigne Pierre Marcel Sail
US3356059A (en) * 1966-11-18 1967-12-05 Wallace C Ross Aerodynamic sail construction

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR325763A (fr) * 1902-08-27 1903-05-07 Lignon Joseph Henri Francois Perfectionnement de la voile guiran-long
US2159923A (en) * 1938-03-31 1939-05-23 Frank M Willard Pocket sail
US3174453A (en) * 1961-06-08 1965-03-23 Lemoigne Pierre Marcel Sail
FR83313E (fr) * 1963-01-10 1964-07-24 Perfectionnements aux voilures de bateaux
US3356059A (en) * 1966-11-18 1967-12-05 Wallace C Ross Aerodynamic sail construction

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4296704A (en) * 1979-05-07 1981-10-27 Bridge John G Anti-gravity spinnaker
US4637333A (en) * 1985-12-09 1987-01-20 Christ Howard N Sail having a honeycomb array of pockets
DE3828077A1 (de) * 1988-08-18 1990-02-22 Andreas Augsburg Segel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2203736B3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1976-08-27
FR2203736A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1974-05-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2081868A (en) Surface high speed craft
US3428277A (en) Gliding parachute
US3343512A (en) Hydrofoil with unsymmetrical nose profile
US3174453A (en) Sail
US3851612A (en) Spinnaker construction
GB1024963A (en) Improvements in airfoil
US3040687A (en) Boat bottom
CN205998116U (zh) 一种飞翼布局飞行器飞行姿态控制结构
US3693570A (en) Hydrofoil watercraft
GB1410175A (en) Aerofoils and hydrofoils
US4843987A (en) Heel counteracting airfoil
US4470567A (en) Gliding airfoil parachute canopy construction
US3085537A (en) Hydrofoil apparatus
GB1461894A (en) Inflatable aerostat structure
GB1432158A (en) Air foils
US3771181A (en) Body sail
US1944467A (en) Gas bag envelope for aircraft
US2423860A (en) Hydroplane boat hull form
US3356059A (en) Aerodynamic sail construction
US1864964A (en) Sail, parachute, airplane wing, and the like
US4050653A (en) Balloon
US3298635A (en) Self-inflating wings
US10974801B2 (en) Straightening effect sail
US2159923A (en) Pocket sail
US3306244A (en) Bow bulb for ships