US3850636A - Treatment of silver halide photographic material - Google Patents
Treatment of silver halide photographic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3850636A US3850636A US00399897A US39989773A US3850636A US 3850636 A US3850636 A US 3850636A US 00399897 A US00399897 A US 00399897A US 39989773 A US39989773 A US 39989773A US 3850636 A US3850636 A US 3850636A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- development
- silver halide
- developing
- general formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iminodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCC(O)=O NBZBKCUXIYYUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamide Chemical compound NS(N)(=O)=O NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910006074 SO2NH2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 abstract 1
- CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl Chemical compound O[CH2] CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 10
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DXYYSGDWQCSKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C)=NC2=C1 DXYYSGDWQCSKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylglyoxal Chemical compound CC(=O)C=O AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dehydroacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C1C(=O)OC(C)=CC1=O PGRHXDWITVMQBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carbonate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O MQRJBSHKWOFOGF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- BHZOKUMUHVTPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium acetic acid acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(O)=O.CC([O-])=O BHZOKUMUHVTPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazole-2-thione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(S)=NC2=C1 YHMYGUUIMTVXNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FLFWJIBUZQARMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-mercapto-1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC(S)=NC2=C1 FLFWJIBUZQARMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUSNOPLQVRUIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-(4,4-dimethyl-2-oxoimidazolidin-1-yl)-n-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1NC(C)(C)CN1C(N=C1N)=NC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 FUSNOPLQVRUIIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDGMAACKJSBLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-2-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(N)=CC=C1O HDGMAACKJSBLMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOCDQWRMYHJTMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nitro-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=C([N+](=O)[O-])C=CC2=NNN=C21 AOCDQWRMYHJTMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPAZGLFMMUODDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-nitro-1h-benzimidazole Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C2N=CNC2=C1 XPAZGLFMMUODDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004287 Dehydroacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBJNQGXFYRRBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].S(=O)([O-])O.[Na+] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].S(=O)([O-])O.[Na+] QBJNQGXFYRRBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- GRXVNZLVGQSZLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L S(=O)(=O)([O-])O.[Na+].[Br-].[K+] Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)([O-])O.[Na+].[Br-].[K+] GRXVNZLVGQSZLD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PCSMJKASWLYICJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic aldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCC=O PCSMJKASWLYICJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004365 benzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019258 dehydroacetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940061632 dehydroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IYBUGHSUXJVLBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;bromide;iodide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[I-] IYBUGHSUXJVLBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JSGQTGCGURTGNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium sulfurothioic O-acid sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O.OS(O)(=O)=S JSGQTGCGURTGNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RJWJCQLFAYQGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;sulfite;hydrate Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+].[Na+].OS([O-])=O RJWJCQLFAYQGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012493 hydrazine sulfate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000377 hydrazine sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ANAKLPLIXWERTB-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sodium hydrogen sulfate sulfuric acid bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[K+].S(=O)(=O)([O-])O.[Na+].S(O)(O)(=O)=O ANAKLPLIXWERTB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JVUYWILPYBCNNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)borane Chemical compound [K+].[O-]B=O JVUYWILPYBCNNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004249 sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940076133 sodium carbonate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metaborate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]B=O NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940032330 sulfuric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZEMGGZBWXRYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiouracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=S)N1 ZEMGGZBWXRYJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950000329 thiouracil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- UGCDBQWJXSAYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N vat blue 6 Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C(C=C2Cl)=C1C1=C2NC2=C(C(=O)C=3C(=CC=CC=3)C3=O)C3=CC(Cl)=C2N1 UGCDBQWJXSAYIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/268—Processing baths not provided for elsewhere, e.g. pre-treatment, stop, intermediate or rinse baths
Definitions
- ABSTRACT In a method for the development of an exposed silver halide photographic material including a prehardening treatment with an aldehyde hardener prior to developing, the improvement which comprises treating said silver halide photographic material between said prehardening and said developing with a bath containing a compound represented by the following general formula (l) R-NH l.
- This invention relates to a method for developing a silver halide photographic material and, more particularly, it is concerned with a method of removing the fog formed in the hardening treatment of a silver halide emulsion layer.
- a hardening bath is often used prior to development processing.
- the purpose of hardening is to increase the physical strength of a silver halide photographic emulsion layer and to prevent the emulsion layer from being mechanically and physically damaged during processing.
- the use of a hardening bath is preferable, in particular, where an emulsion layer has insufficient strength, where the processing is carried out for a long period of time or where a high temperature or high pH treating solution is used.
- a hardening bath prior to development is ordinarily referred to as a prehardening step.
- an aqueous solution containing at least one hardening agent which hardens gelatin in a photographic emulsion for example, aldehydes such as formaldehyde, glyoxal, succinaldehyde and glutaraldehyde is used.
- a prehardening bath of this kind hardens an emulsion layer effectively but, on the contrary, causes various deleterious effects on photographic properties, for example, an increase of developing fog, a lowering of developing density during reversal development and a change of color forming properties of color formers present in a color light-sensitive material.
- 3,168,400 discloses the use of an aqueous solution of hydroxylamine or hydrazine as a neutralizing bath. According to this method, the above mentioned disadvantages due to the prehardening step can be overcome, but another disadvantage takes place in that the hydroxylamine or hydrazine is carried over into the subsequent developing step. Since water washing is ordinarily not carried out between the neutralizing bath and developing bath in order to simplify the processing, the materials in the neutralizing bath are carried into the developing bath. As is well known in the art, hydroxylamine or hydrazine, each possessing developing action, causes an unevenness in development as it is carried out in a developing bath.
- n R is -CH COOM or CH CH OH and M has the same meaning as described above.
- the neutralizing bath used in the method of the invention comprises fundamentally an aqueous solution of one or more compounds represented by the foregoing general formulas. These compounds are generally added to provide a concentration of from about 0.1 to 50 g, preferably 5 to 30 g, per 1,000 ml.
- the neutralizing bath of the invention can optionally contain a salt, such as sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium acetate and sodium phosphate, to prevent swelling of the gelatin in an amount of about 0 to 200 g/liter, preferably about 50 to I00 g/liter, a pH regulator for adjusting the pH such as borax, acetic acid, sodium acetate, sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid or boric acid, a buffering agent, such as an organic acid or salt thereof such as acetic acid, citric acid or phthalic acid, acetic acid sodium acetate, tartaric acid, inorganic materials such as boric acid, sodium metaborate, borax, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium metaborate etc., in an amount of about 10 to g/liter, alkali halides such as potassium bromide, sodium bromide, so-
- a salt such as sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, sodium acetate and sodium phosphate
- the neutralizing bath can be used at any pH range but neutral and acidic pH ranges are desirable to obtain better effects. Generally, a pH of about 3 to 7, preferably a pH of about 4 to 6 is used;
- any prehardener, developer and fixer compositions which are well known in the art, can be used and the selections thereof can be freely varied in the present invention by any of skill in the art.
- the method of the invention is applicable to the commonly used silver halide photographic materials comprising a conventional silver halide light-sensitive material using as a dispersion medium gelatin or another hydrophilic high molecular weight material on a support member such as glass, cellulose ester films, polyester films and paper as conventionally used in the art.
- the present invention is preferably applied to reversal color photographic materials which are processed at a high pH for a long time, for example, as disclosed in US. Pat. Nos. 3,168,400 and 3,582,322, as well as color papers which are preferably processed at a high temperature in a rapid manner.
- the present invention is carried out after a prehardening bath, for example, as disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,168,400 and, after the treatment bath of the invention, the subsequent processings can be carried out in the conventional order using known treatment solutions.
- the temperature employed ranges from about 30C to 60C, preferably 32C to 50C, with the time being dependent upon the temperature used.
- the method of the invention favourably compares with the methods of the prior art because the method of the invention results in less development fog, does not cause a lowering of the developing density nor a change in the character of color formers in a color photographic material.
- EXAMPLE 1 A black-and-white film comprising a panchromatically sensitized silver iodobromide (AgI: mol%) gelatin emulsion coated onto a cellulose acetate film support at 16 mg/ 100cm was exposed using a sensitometer and then subjected to the following processings:
- the processing solutions used in these processings had the following compositions.
- Relative sensitivity is represented by the logarithmic value of the reciprocal of the exposure quantity corresponding to a blackened density of fog above 0.l
- Prehardener Formaldehyde (37% aqueous solution) Pyruvic Aldehyde (40%) Sulfuric Acid Sodium Sulfate Potassium Bromide Borax 5 Water to Neutralizing Solution Potassium Bromide 2 l 0 Glacial Acetic Acid 0 Sodium Hydroxide 6 Sodium Sulfate 50 Additive listed below X Water to 0 First Developer Sodium Hexametaphosphate l l-Phenyl-3-pyrazolidone 0 Sodium Sulfite 50. Hydroquinone 6.
- EXAMPLE 3 Examination of the influence on photographic properties was carried out when a neutralizing solution was added to the first developer composition as described in Example 2. 5 percent of each of three neutralizing solutions (one containing sulfamic acid as in Example '2 (Experiment G), one containing 20 g/Iiter of hydrazine sulfate as known in the art (Experiment J) and onecontaining no additive (Experiment F)) was added to the first developer composition. The photographic emulsions, exposure conditions and processing steps were similar to those employed in Example 2.
- R represents M, SO NH CH COOM or -C(CH OH and M represents an atom or group capable of imparting water solubility, or the following general formula (II) NH (II) R I in which R represents CH COOM or -CH CH OH and M has the same meaning as described above.
- said bath additionally contains at least one of a salt, a pH regulator, a buffering agent, an alkali halide, a fog inhibitor and a mildew preventing agent.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP47096466A JPS4954032A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-09-26 | 1972-09-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3850636A true US3850636A (en) | 1974-11-26 |
Family
ID=14165794
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00399897A Expired - Lifetime US3850636A (en) | 1972-09-26 | 1973-09-24 | Treatment of silver halide photographic material |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3850636A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPS4954032A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2347184A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2200545B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1394488A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4057429A (en) * | 1975-04-09 | 1977-11-08 | Agfa-Gevaert, N. V. | Preparation of photographic silver halide emulsions |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3168400A (en) * | 1961-05-22 | 1965-02-02 | Eastman Kodak Co | Rapid processing of photographic color materials |
| US3647449A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1972-03-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Neutralizing bath for use in photographic processing |
| US3649281A (en) * | 1967-10-04 | 1972-03-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Photographic processing for photographic silver halide light-sensitive elements |
-
1972
- 1972-09-26 JP JP47096466A patent/JPS4954032A/ja active Pending
-
1973
- 1973-09-18 FR FR7333358A patent/FR2200545B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-09-19 DE DE19732347184 patent/DE2347184A1/de active Pending
- 1973-09-20 GB GB4428273A patent/GB1394488A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-09-24 US US00399897A patent/US3850636A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3168400A (en) * | 1961-05-22 | 1965-02-02 | Eastman Kodak Co | Rapid processing of photographic color materials |
| US3649281A (en) * | 1967-10-04 | 1972-03-14 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Photographic processing for photographic silver halide light-sensitive elements |
| US3647449A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1972-03-07 | Eastman Kodak Co | Neutralizing bath for use in photographic processing |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4057429A (en) * | 1975-04-09 | 1977-11-08 | Agfa-Gevaert, N. V. | Preparation of photographic silver halide emulsions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1394488A (en) | 1975-05-14 |
| JPS4954032A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-05-25 |
| FR2200545B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1977-05-20 |
| FR2200545A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-04-19 |
| DE2347184A1 (de) | 1974-04-04 |
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