US3849155A - Brightening of polyacrylonitrile wet tow - Google Patents
Brightening of polyacrylonitrile wet tow Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3849155A US3849155A US00260786A US26078672A US3849155A US 3849155 A US3849155 A US 3849155A US 00260786 A US00260786 A US 00260786A US 26078672 A US26078672 A US 26078672A US 3849155 A US3849155 A US 3849155A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- process according
- treatment
- brightening
- polyacrylonitrile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 7
- -1 amine salt ion Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000004959 2,6-naphthylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C2=C([H])C([*:1])=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C1[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000337 buffer salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium thiocyanate Chemical compound [Na+].[S-]C#N VGTPCRGMBIAPIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/14—Styryl dyes
- C09B23/141—Bis styryl dyes containing two radicals C6H5-CH=CH-
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
- D06L4/60—Optical bleaching or brightening
- D06L4/614—Optical bleaching or brightening in aqueous solvents
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2971—Impregnation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for optically brightening polyacrylonitrile fibres, which have been manufactured by the wet spinning process and are in the gel state by means of selected types of anionic optical brightening agents.
- the present invention relates to a process for brightening optionally modified polyacrylonitrile fibres, which have been manufactured by the wet spinning process and are in the gel state, by means of selected types of compounds,
- R denotes 4,4 -biphenylene, 1,4-phenylene or 2,6-naphthylene
- R denotes hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, halogen, SO M or alkoxy with 1 to 4 carbon atoms located in the orthoor meta-position to the bridge member
- M denotes a hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or amine salt ion, the solubility of these compounds in water at 90C being at least 10 g/l, preferably at least 40 g/l,
- X denotes hydrogen or halogen and A denotes a phenyl radical which is optionally substituted by alkyl with l to 4 carbon atoms, halogen or a SO M grouping (with M a hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or amine salt ion) and M denotes a hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or amine salt ion,
- Lora OH l. souvr s'oavr I I
- X denotes hydrogen or halogen and A denotes a phenyl radical which is optionally substituted by alkyl with l to 4 carbon atoms, halogen or a -SO M grouping and M denotes a hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or amine salt ion and Z H Y
- Y denotes hydrogen, alkyl with l to 4 carbon atoms or phenyl
- Z and 2 independently of one another denote hydrogen or chlorine
- M denotes a hydrogen, alkali mctal, ammonium or amine salt ion and n represents 1 r 2.
- the brighteners of the formulae (1 to are applied to the fibre manufactured by the wet spinning process whilst the fibre is still in the gel state.
- the fibre still contains large amounts of water and is therefore strongly swollen.
- the fibre is stretched to orient the macro-molecules and is subsequently dried. This causes the gel state to disappear.
- Processes for brightening polyacrylonitrile fibres which are in the gel state essentially consist of bringing the fibres, in the swollen state, into contact with the brightener solution either on a padder or in a bath.
- the latter can for example also be effected by moving the fibre or the hank of fibres through a brightener solution or suspension flowing in counter-current.
- the baths to be used are appropriately prepared by dissolving or dispersing the brightener in water and adjusting the resulting liquor to the desired pH value with acid and/or a buffer salt.
- This pH value is generally between 1 and 7, and is, for example, 1.5 to 5.5.
- the concentration of brightener in the bath is in mostcases so chosen that after the treatment 0.005 to 0.5 percent, for example 0.05 to 0.2 percent, of brightener, relative to the dry weight of the fibre, is absorbed on the fibre.
- the treatment of the fibre in the brightener bath can be carried out at a bath temperature of below 50C, for example at l0 to 30C.
- the duration of treatment of the fibre in the brightener bath is less than 2 minutes, preferably less than 40 seconds.
- EXAMPLE l A polyacrylonitrile tow obtained by the sodium thio cyanate wet spinning process. which has been rinsed and stretched but not dried. is immersed for 30 seconds into a solution of the following composition:
- the anionic brighteners of the indicated formulae give good effects whilst they fail when used for brightening polyacrylonitrile according to conventional methods (such as, for example, in the treatment of the previously stretched and dried fibre by the exhaustion process at 90C), that is to say are not absorbed on the fibrc, or are insufficiently absorbed to give a brightening which meets requirements.
- anionic compounds of the indicated formulae are outstandingly suitable for the use according to the invention whilst, for example, anionic brighteners from the large cate- The last two experiments show that with this class of compound sufficient solubility in water is a prerequisite for achieving a satsifactory brightening effect.
- EXAMPLE 5 Similar brightening effects of those in Examples 1 to 4 are obtained by working in a static bath in which the concentration of one of the abovementioned compounds is kept constant at 0.1 g/litre whilst the fibre material is continuously drawn through the bath.
- EXAMPLE 6 the gel state in a bath which contains at least one com- 7 pound of the formula SQsM V $03M wherein B is 4,4'-biphenylene, l,4-phenylene or 2,6- naphthylene, R is hydrogen, alkyl with l to 4 carbon atome, halogen, SO M or alkoxy with l to 4 carbon atoms located in the orthoor meta-position to the bridge member and M denotes the hydrogen, alkali metal, ammonium or amine salt ion, the solubility of these compounds in water at C being at least 10 g/l and drying the treated fibers.
- B 4,4'-biphenylene, l,4-phenylene or 2,6- naphthylene
- R is hydrogen, alkyl with l to 4 carbon atome, halogen, SO M or alkoxy with l to 4 carbon atoms located in the orthoor meta-position to the bridge member and M denotes the hydrogen, alkali metal
- a process according to claim 1 wherein the treatment of the fibres is carried out at a temperature below 50C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH892971 | 1971-06-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3849155A true US3849155A (en) | 1974-11-19 |
Family
ID=4346412
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00260786A Expired - Lifetime US3849155A (en) | 1971-06-18 | 1972-06-08 | Brightening of polyacrylonitrile wet tow |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3849155A (Direct) |
| DE (1) | DE2228149A1 (Direct) |
| FR (1) | FR2141929A1 (Direct) |
| GB (1) | GB1371169A (Direct) |
| IT (1) | IT958592B (Direct) |
| NL (1) | NL7208277A (Direct) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5152921A (en) * | 1989-11-07 | 1992-10-06 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Liquid detergents compositions containing 2-2-dichloro-5,5-disulfodistyrylbiphenyl as the fluorescent whitener |
| US20060048902A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2006-03-09 | Park B. Smith, Ltd. | Raisable panel |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2848484A (en) * | 1955-10-17 | 1958-08-19 | American Cyanamid Co | Alkoxy diaminostilbenedisulfonic acids |
| US3122443A (en) * | 1960-09-22 | 1964-02-25 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for preventing cohesion between acrylonitrile polymer fibers with certain pentanediols |
| US3177153A (en) * | 1959-07-21 | 1965-04-06 | Basf Ag | Macromolecular substances optically brightened with 1, 4-bis-styryl-benzenes |
| US3224182A (en) * | 1960-03-23 | 1965-12-21 | Whitecroft Ind Holdings Ltd | Process for production of cross-linked cellulosic yarns |
| US3271321A (en) * | 1959-06-24 | 1966-09-06 | Basf Ag | Resins homogeneously brightened with bis-styrylbenzenes |
| US3274184A (en) * | 1964-07-30 | 1966-09-20 | American Cyanamid Co | Method for the preparation of 2-styrloxazole compounds |
| US3401048A (en) * | 1964-06-22 | 1968-09-10 | Mitsui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki | 2-styrylazole optical brightener |
| US3597364A (en) * | 1969-07-17 | 1971-08-03 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals | Optical brightening and new compositions of matter |
| US3627758A (en) * | 1968-01-15 | 1971-12-14 | Ciba Ltd | Styryl-naphthalene derivatives |
| US3657231A (en) * | 1968-09-30 | 1972-04-18 | Procter & Gamble | Oligomeric optical brightening compounds |
| US3679668A (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1972-07-25 | Hoechst Ag | 1,2,4-triazolyl-(1)-derivatives of the stilbene and bis-styrylbenzene series,process for their manufacture and their use as optical brighteners |
| US3711472A (en) * | 1965-10-28 | 1973-01-16 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Optical brightening agents |
-
1972
- 1972-06-08 US US00260786A patent/US3849155A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-06-09 DE DE19722228149 patent/DE2228149A1/de active Pending
- 1972-06-14 FR FR7221450A patent/FR2141929A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1972-06-16 IT IT50942/72A patent/IT958592B/it active
- 1972-06-16 GB GB2839072A patent/GB1371169A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-06-16 NL NL7208277A patent/NL7208277A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2848484A (en) * | 1955-10-17 | 1958-08-19 | American Cyanamid Co | Alkoxy diaminostilbenedisulfonic acids |
| US3271321A (en) * | 1959-06-24 | 1966-09-06 | Basf Ag | Resins homogeneously brightened with bis-styrylbenzenes |
| US3177153A (en) * | 1959-07-21 | 1965-04-06 | Basf Ag | Macromolecular substances optically brightened with 1, 4-bis-styryl-benzenes |
| US3224182A (en) * | 1960-03-23 | 1965-12-21 | Whitecroft Ind Holdings Ltd | Process for production of cross-linked cellulosic yarns |
| US3122443A (en) * | 1960-09-22 | 1964-02-25 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for preventing cohesion between acrylonitrile polymer fibers with certain pentanediols |
| US3401048A (en) * | 1964-06-22 | 1968-09-10 | Mitsui Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki | 2-styrylazole optical brightener |
| US3274184A (en) * | 1964-07-30 | 1966-09-20 | American Cyanamid Co | Method for the preparation of 2-styrloxazole compounds |
| US3711472A (en) * | 1965-10-28 | 1973-01-16 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Optical brightening agents |
| US3627758A (en) * | 1968-01-15 | 1971-12-14 | Ciba Ltd | Styryl-naphthalene derivatives |
| US3657231A (en) * | 1968-09-30 | 1972-04-18 | Procter & Gamble | Oligomeric optical brightening compounds |
| US3679668A (en) * | 1969-04-16 | 1972-07-25 | Hoechst Ag | 1,2,4-triazolyl-(1)-derivatives of the stilbene and bis-styrylbenzene series,process for their manufacture and their use as optical brighteners |
| US3597364A (en) * | 1969-07-17 | 1971-08-03 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals | Optical brightening and new compositions of matter |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5152921A (en) * | 1989-11-07 | 1992-10-06 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Liquid detergents compositions containing 2-2-dichloro-5,5-disulfodistyrylbiphenyl as the fluorescent whitener |
| US20060048902A1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2006-03-09 | Park B. Smith, Ltd. | Raisable panel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT958592B (it) | 1973-10-30 |
| FR2141929A1 (Direct) | 1973-01-26 |
| DE2228149A1 (de) | 1972-12-21 |
| NL7208277A (Direct) | 1972-12-20 |
| GB1371169A (en) | 1974-10-23 |
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