US3844969A - Production of detergent compositions - Google Patents

Production of detergent compositions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3844969A
US3844969A US00160157A US16015771A US3844969A US 3844969 A US3844969 A US 3844969A US 00160157 A US00160157 A US 00160157A US 16015771 A US16015771 A US 16015771A US 3844969 A US3844969 A US 3844969A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sodium
slurry
percent
weight
detergent
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00160157A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Griffiths
R Wilde
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Lever Brothers Co
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Lever Brothers Co
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
    • C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/28—Sulfonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/26—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • C11D3/33—Amino carboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
    • C11D3/3761—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in solid compositions

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A detergent powder containing a synthetic detergent active compound and an organic detergency builder is prepared by forming an aqueous slurry of detergent ingredients containing not more than 40 percent by weight of the slurry of water in a pressurised vessel at a temperature of from about 125C to 180C and subsequently spraying the slurry into a gas stream at a temperature of from about 100 to250C.
  • the process is particularly useful for producing powders of high organic content, for which there can be a fire or explosion hazard in using conventional spray-drying processes at higher temperatures. The process can also give significant economic benefits.
  • the invention relates to the production of detergent compositions, and in particular to the production of compositions in particulate or powder form by spraying an aqueous slurry of detergentingredients into a drying gas stream.
  • Detergent powders are commonly made by a process in which an aqueous slurry is sprayed into a chamber through which a gas stream is passed, so that the water in the slurry is evaporated.
  • the aqueous slurry may be at a relatively high temperature to that of the gas, in which case flash evaporation of the water in the slurry occurs during the process, which is sometimes referred to as spray-cooling. More often, the aqueous slurry is at a relatively low temperature and the gas stream is heated to a higher temperature, which process is generally termed spray-drying.
  • spray-drying is used hereinafter to encompass all powder-forming processes in which'aqueous slurries are sprayed into drying gas streams.
  • condensed phosphate detergency builders which have been proposed hitherto include so-called polye'lectroly'te builders, such as sodium polyacrylate, sodium po'lymaleate and copolymers thereof such as sodium copolyethylene-maleate.
  • polye'lectroly'te builders such as sodium polyacrylate, sodium po'lymaleate and copolymers thereof such as sodium copolyethylene-maleate.
  • certain oxidised polysaccharides and non-polymeric builders such as sodium oxydiacetate, sodium carboxymethyloxysuccinate and sodium nitrilotriacetate.
  • organic detergency builders are the water-soluble salts of dicarboxylic acids of the formula R.CH(COOH)(CH COOH, where n is O or 1 and R is a primary or secondary straight chain alkyl or alkenyl group containing from to carbon atoms, which are described in the complete specification of our co-pending UK patent application No. 37961/68.
  • the preferred dicarboxylates are sodium alkenyl succinates, which can be prepared by hydrolysis and neutralisation of alkenyl succinic anhydrides which are obtained by reaction between maleic anhydride and olefins.
  • the amounts of detergency builders in detergent compositions may be up to as much as 50 percent by weight, in which case the total organic content of detergent powders may sometimes be as high as 80 percent by weight.
  • the organic content of the detergent active compounds and optional additives such as hydrotropes, lather boosters, anti-redeposition agents and fluorescent agents are taken into consideration.
  • the powders contain more than about 50 percent of organic matter, there is a substantial risk of fire or explosion if the powders-are overdried and overheated during their preparation in conventional spray-drying processes.
  • a detergent powder containing a synthetic detergent active compound and an organic detergency builder is prepared by forming an aqueous slurry of detergent ingredients containing not more than about 40 percent by weight of the slurry of water in a pressurised vessel at a'temperature of from about 125to 180C and subsequently spraydrying the slurry in a stream of gas at a temperature of from about l00 to 250C.
  • the invention can give valuable economic benefits in detergent powder propractical amount of water, which is not more than about 40 percent by weight, preferably less than 30 percent by weight, of the slurry.
  • the water content can be as low as about 20 percent by weight of the slurry, under optimum circumstances, as explained hereinafter.
  • the condition employed in spray-drying are preferably as mild as possible, commensuaate with obtaining a satisfactory powder production rate, in order to decrease any fire risk to a minimum, particularly with the powders containing the higher amounts of organic matter.
  • the gas temperature in the spray-drying step is preferably from about 150 to about 200C.
  • the spraydrying operation is preferably conducted under conditions so as to obtain in a single operation a free-flowing powder, but if desired, for example to increase the throughput of a spray-drying tower, the conditions of spray-drying may be modified so that the powder initially produced is still moist, and the excess water is removed in a-subsequent drying operation, for example by using afluidised bed inwhich additional drying gas is passed through the powder, either in a batchwise or continuous process, or by using a pneumatic drier in which the powder is dried whilst being conveyed by a hot gas.
  • the pressure also serves to transfer theslurry after its preparation to the spraydryer and to atomise the slurry for spraying into the gas.
  • Generation of the pressure in the vessel is preferably accomplished by live steam, or as this tends to raise the water content of the slurry, by air pressure, or by a combination of both.
  • the pressure in the vessel should'be such as to give at the spraying jet a pressure of from about 40 to p.s.i.g. (2.8 to 4.9 kilogram/sq.cm) but it can go higher, for example up to about p.s.i.g. (7.0 kilogram/sq.cm), above which there is no significant benefit and the cost of the equipment increases excessively.
  • pressures in the vessel of up to about -200 p.s.i.g. are generally used.
  • the process of the invention is only applicable to the production of detergent powders 'of which the ingredients are available in a suitably dry form which enables the production of the aqueous slurries containing not more than about 40 percent by weight of water.
  • ingredients which in the powder are in the form of salts of organic acids, as is commonly the case for organic detergency builders and anionic detergent active compounds, the organic acid or its anhydride is preferably neutralised with an alkaline material such as sodium hydroxide in the slurry: otherwise, if the salt is preformed it generally incorporates too much water to enable the slurry to be made with the required amount of less than 40 percent of water.
  • the main ingredients apart from the organic detergency builder in acid or anhydride form, are admixed and heated to a temperature of from about 100C to 140C.
  • the precursor of the detergency builder is then added whereupon it is neutralised, and hydrolysed if necessary, in the slurry and the heat of neutralisation causes the temperature and pressure to rise to the desired figures for spray-drying.
  • This process may be operated on a batch-wise or continuous basis.
  • the process of the invention is of particular interest for the preparation of detergent powders incorporating alkyl and alkenyl succinates as detergency builders. These materials can be prepared readily in anhydride form and can be added in that form to the aqueous slurry where hydrolysis and neutralisation takes place to form the desired water-soluble salts. Some analogous compounds such as the alkyl thio and alkyl oxysuccinates can be used similarly.
  • detergency builders which can be used in the process of the present invention include, for example the salts of a-sulphonated fatty acids, for example or-sulphonated hardened tallow fatty acids, higher alkane disulphonate and sulphinate-sulphonates, and soaps, all of which act as detergency builders in detergent compositions by forming insoluble calcium salts; water-soluble salts of organic acids including oxydiacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, carboxymethyloxysuccinic acid, hydrofuran tetracarboxylic acid, and homologues and analogues of these materials, oxidised polysaccharides in which the anhydroglucose rings are opened to form dicarboxyl units as described in the complete specifications of our UK patent applications Nos.
  • a-sulphonated fatty acids for example or-sulphonated hardened tallow fatty acids, higher alkane disulphonate and sulphinate-sulphonates, and soaps
  • polyelectrolyte detergency builders such as sodium polyacrylate and sodium polymaleatc and copolymers thereof such as sodium copolyethylene maleate. but it should be noted that with some polyelectrolytes there may be a tendency to decarboxylation at the higher temperatures.
  • polyelectrolyte detergency builders are available and described in the literature, for example in Surface Active Agents and Detergents by Schwartz, Perry & Berch.
  • the detergent compositions commonly incorporate one or more detergent active compounds, together with the usual optional additives.
  • the synthetic detergent active compounds are preferably anionic detergent active compounds, which are readily available and relatively cheap, and mixtures thereof. These compounds are usually water-soluble alkali metal salts of organic sulphates and sulphonates having alkyl radicals containing from about 8 to about 22 car bon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion of higher acyl radicals.
  • Examples of such synthetic anionic detergent active compounds are sodium and potassium alkyl (Cg-C20) benzene sulphonates, particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C -C benzene sulphonates; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl taurine; alkane sulphonates such as those derived by reacting alphaolefins (C -C with sodium bisulphite and those derived by reacting paraffins with S0 and Cl and then hydrolysing with a base to produce a random sulphonate; and olefin sulphonates, which term is used to cover the material made by reacting olefins, particularly alpha-olefins, with 50;, and then neutralising and hydrolysing the reaction product.
  • alkyl Cg-C20
  • C benzene sulphonates particularly sodium linear secondary alkyl (C -C benzene sulphonates
  • anionic detergent active compounds such as alkyl and alkyl ether sulphates tend to hydrolyse at the higher temperatures which can be used in the present process.
  • nonionic detergent active compounds may also be used. Examples include the reaction products of alkylene oxides, usually ethylene oxide, with alkyl (C -C phenols, generally 5 to E0; i.e., 5 to 25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule; the condensation products of aliphatic (c -C lalcohols with ethylene oxide, generally 6 to E0, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine.
  • Other non ionic detergent active compounds include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulphoxides.
  • compositions for example mixed anionic or mixed anionic and'nonionic compounds may be used in the detergent compositions, particularly to impart thereto controlled low sudsing properties. This is particularly beneficial for compositions intended for use in suds-intollerant automatic washing machines.
  • Amounts of amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent active compounds for example betaines, sulphobetaines and hydroxyalkylmethyl taurines, can also be used in the compositions of the invention, but this is not normally desired due to their relatively high cost. if any amphoteric or zwitterionic detergent active compounds were used it would generally be in small amounts in compositions based on the much more commonly used anionic or nonionic detergent active compounds.
  • the amount of the synthetic detergent active compound or compounds used is generally in the range of from about 10 to percent, preferably about 15 to 3O percent, by weight of the compositions, depending on the desired properties.
  • Optional additives to detergent compositions made according to the invention include lather boosters such as coconut ethanolamide, hydrotropes such as sodium toluene sulphonate, inorganic salts such as alkaline silicates, sodium carbonate, sodium chloride and sodium sulphate, anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, fabric softening agents, fluorescent agents, colourants, germicides, fungicides, perfumes, enzymes and chemical bleaching agents such as sodium perborate and peracid precursors.
  • lather boosters such as coconut ethanolamide
  • hydrotropes such as sodium toluene sulphonate
  • inorganic salts such as alkaline silicates, sodium carbonate, sodium chloride and sodium sulphate
  • anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose
  • fabric softening agents fluorescent agents, colourants, germicides, fungicides, perfumes, enzymes and chemical bleaching agents
  • sodium perborate and peracid precursors Some of the additive
  • Example 1 A detergent slurry was prepared by admixture of the following ingredients in a stirred reaction vessel at a temperature of 150C and under a pressure of 40 to 50 psig (2.8 to 3.5 kg/sq.cm).
  • Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the formulation of the aqueous slurry was as follows:
  • the slurry was sprayed at a temperature of 150C through an one-eighth inch (3.2 mm) spray nozzle into a stream of air at a temperature of 200C and a flow rate of lbs (45.4 Kg) per minute, to produce a powder of 9 percent moisture and 72 percent organic matter content, which was again crisp and free-flowing.
  • Example 3 An aqueous slurry was made by admixture of the following ingredients in a pressure vessel in which the temperature was raised to 160C.
  • sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate 1' obtained from B085 055 dodecyl benzene
  • sodium silicate 50% aqueous solution
  • the slurry having a water content of about 32 percent was sprayed at 55 p.s.i.g. (3.9 Kg./sq. cm.) through an one-eighth inch (3.2 mm) jet nozzle into a countercurrent air stream at a temperature of 200C to give a free-flowing powder containing about 59 percent of organic matter and 5 percent of water.
  • Example 4 A detergent slurry was prepared at C and under 60 psig (4.2 Kg/sq.cm) by admixture of sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate and disodium oct'adecane-lsulphonate-Z-sulphinate with minor additives to give a water content of about 28 percent.
  • the slurry was spray-dried though a one-eighth inch (3.2 mm) jet into a countercurrent air stream at 200C to form a sluggish-flowing powder of the following formulation:
  • Example 5 ingredient Percentage sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate 20 sodium coconut soap 55 alkaline silicate 10 sodium sulphate 8.5 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.5 fluorescent agents 1.0 water 5.0
  • a detergent powder was prepared to the same formulation by a spray-drying process in which the slurry was prepared with a water content of about 40 percent and at a temperature of 90C.
  • the slurry was pumped to a spray drying tower at 400 p.s.i.g. and sprayed into air at 300C to give a free flowing powder, but of low density. In this case, the amount of heat required to evaporate the water and thereby form the powder was increased by about 50 percent.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
US00160157A 1970-07-10 1971-07-06 Production of detergent compositions Expired - Lifetime US3844969A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3371870 1970-07-10

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US3844969A true US3844969A (en) 1974-10-29

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US (1) US3844969A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT316714B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE769827A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA943427A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH562877A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2134215C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2101555A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1355187A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL166721C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO135830C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE382824B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3962149A (en) * 1973-10-12 1976-06-08 Colgate-Palmolive Company Non-phosphate spray dried detergents containing dicarboxylic acid salts
US4021376A (en) * 1972-05-17 1977-05-03 Lever Brothers Company Detergent compositions with nonphosphate builders containing two or more carboxyl groups
US4140650A (en) * 1976-11-26 1979-02-20 Lever Brothers Company Process for manufacture of detergent powders
US4524010A (en) * 1981-12-28 1985-06-18 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft (Kgaa) High-sudsing, granular detergent composition with greater granulate stability and process for its preparation
US5447651A (en) * 1992-09-08 1995-09-05 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Process for producing concentrated laundry detergent by manufacture of low moisture content detergent slurries utilizing liquid active surfactant blend technology
US5453215A (en) * 1992-09-08 1995-09-26 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Process for producing concentrated laundry detergent by manufacture of low moisture content detergent slurries
US5536430A (en) * 1992-02-12 1996-07-16 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Process of producing low-dust anionic surfactant concentrates in powder or granule form with improved solubility in aqueous media
EP1658888A1 (de) * 2001-10-25 2006-05-24 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Vorrichtung zur Sprühtrocknung
US20070042926A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2007-02-22 Roberts Nigel P S Process for preparing a solid laundry detergent composition, comprising at least two drying steps
EP2138567A1 (en) * 2008-06-25 2009-12-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Spray-drying process
EP2138564B1 (en) * 2008-06-25 2013-11-06 The Procter and Gamble Company A process for preparing a detergent powder
US8939388B1 (en) 2010-09-27 2015-01-27 ZoomEssence, Inc. Methods and apparatus for low heat spray drying
US9332776B1 (en) 2010-09-27 2016-05-10 ZoomEssence, Inc. Methods and apparatus for low heat spray drying
US9861945B1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-01-09 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
US9993787B1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-06-12 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
US10155234B1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-12-18 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
US10252181B2 (en) 2017-08-04 2019-04-09 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
US10486173B2 (en) 2017-08-04 2019-11-26 ZoomEssence, Inc. Ultrahigh efficiency spray drying apparatus and process
US10569244B2 (en) 2018-04-28 2020-02-25 ZoomEssence, Inc. Low temperature spray drying of carrier-free compositions

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8630726D0 (en) * 1986-12-23 1987-02-04 Unilever Plc Manufacture of spray-dried detergent powder
GB8927213D0 (en) * 1989-12-01 1990-01-31 Ici Renory Sa Alkyl sulphate salts
EP0879876A1 (en) * 1997-05-21 1998-11-25 The Procter & Gamble Company Process for preparation of granular detergent composition or component comprising a water-soluble cationic surfactant

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US2606156A (en) * 1950-06-09 1952-08-05 Purex Corp Ltd Deaeration and drying of watersoluble sulfonated detergent compositions
US2798544A (en) * 1952-02-28 1957-07-09 Purex Corp Ltd System for producing high density detergents
US2940935A (en) * 1955-12-20 1960-06-14 Lever Brothers Ltd Spray-dried, non-clotting, granulated soap product and method of producing the same
US3355390A (en) * 1965-12-06 1967-11-28 Procter & Gamble Method for preparing homogeneous detergent slurry
US3459670A (en) * 1966-07-01 1969-08-05 Monsanto Co Builders for synthetic detergents
US3515672A (en) * 1965-06-24 1970-06-02 Colgate Palmolive Co Apparatus and process for the preparation of detergent compositions
US3580852A (en) * 1969-05-19 1971-05-25 Ethyl Corp Detergent formulations containing tetrahydrofuran 2,3,4,5 - tetracarboxylic acid salts as builders
US3635829A (en) * 1969-05-19 1972-01-18 Ethyl Corp Detergent formulations
US3692685A (en) * 1968-05-24 1972-09-19 Lever Brothers Ltd Detergent compositions
US3708436A (en) * 1969-12-12 1973-01-02 Nalco Chemical Co Detergent builders

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DE1017725B (de) * 1955-03-29 1957-10-17 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Waschmitteln
NL95296C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1955-05-09
GB1237084A (en) * 1967-10-02 1971-06-30 Unilever Ltd Soap drying process

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2606156A (en) * 1950-06-09 1952-08-05 Purex Corp Ltd Deaeration and drying of watersoluble sulfonated detergent compositions
US2798544A (en) * 1952-02-28 1957-07-09 Purex Corp Ltd System for producing high density detergents
US2940935A (en) * 1955-12-20 1960-06-14 Lever Brothers Ltd Spray-dried, non-clotting, granulated soap product and method of producing the same
US3515672A (en) * 1965-06-24 1970-06-02 Colgate Palmolive Co Apparatus and process for the preparation of detergent compositions
US3355390A (en) * 1965-12-06 1967-11-28 Procter & Gamble Method for preparing homogeneous detergent slurry
US3459670A (en) * 1966-07-01 1969-08-05 Monsanto Co Builders for synthetic detergents
US3692685A (en) * 1968-05-24 1972-09-19 Lever Brothers Ltd Detergent compositions
US3580852A (en) * 1969-05-19 1971-05-25 Ethyl Corp Detergent formulations containing tetrahydrofuran 2,3,4,5 - tetracarboxylic acid salts as builders
US3635829A (en) * 1969-05-19 1972-01-18 Ethyl Corp Detergent formulations
US3708436A (en) * 1969-12-12 1973-01-02 Nalco Chemical Co Detergent builders

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4021376A (en) * 1972-05-17 1977-05-03 Lever Brothers Company Detergent compositions with nonphosphate builders containing two or more carboxyl groups
US3962149A (en) * 1973-10-12 1976-06-08 Colgate-Palmolive Company Non-phosphate spray dried detergents containing dicarboxylic acid salts
US4140650A (en) * 1976-11-26 1979-02-20 Lever Brothers Company Process for manufacture of detergent powders
US4524010A (en) * 1981-12-28 1985-06-18 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft (Kgaa) High-sudsing, granular detergent composition with greater granulate stability and process for its preparation
US5536430A (en) * 1992-02-12 1996-07-16 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Process of producing low-dust anionic surfactant concentrates in powder or granule form with improved solubility in aqueous media
US5447651A (en) * 1992-09-08 1995-09-05 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Process for producing concentrated laundry detergent by manufacture of low moisture content detergent slurries utilizing liquid active surfactant blend technology
US5453215A (en) * 1992-09-08 1995-09-26 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Process for producing concentrated laundry detergent by manufacture of low moisture content detergent slurries
EP1658888A1 (de) * 2001-10-25 2006-05-24 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien Vorrichtung zur Sprühtrocknung
US20070042926A1 (en) * 2005-08-19 2007-02-22 Roberts Nigel P S Process for preparing a solid laundry detergent composition, comprising at least two drying steps
EP2138564B1 (en) * 2008-06-25 2013-11-06 The Procter and Gamble Company A process for preparing a detergent powder
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE769827A (fr) 1972-01-10
CA943427A (en) 1974-03-12
NO135830B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-02-28
SE382824B (sv) 1976-02-16
DE2134215B2 (de) 1979-08-02
NL166721C (nl) 1981-09-15
DE2134215A1 (de) 1972-01-27
NO135830C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-06-08
GB1355187A (en) 1974-06-05
DE2134215C3 (de) 1980-04-03
AT316714B (de) 1974-07-25
NL7109495A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-12
CH562877A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-06-13
FR2101555A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-31
NL166721B (nl) 1981-04-15

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