US3842813A - Fuel injection apparatus for externally ignited internal combustion engines operating on continuously injected fuel - Google Patents

Fuel injection apparatus for externally ignited internal combustion engines operating on continuously injected fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3842813A
US3842813A US00289841A US28984172A US3842813A US 3842813 A US3842813 A US 3842813A US 00289841 A US00289841 A US 00289841A US 28984172 A US28984172 A US 28984172A US 3842813 A US3842813 A US 3842813A
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United States
Prior art keywords
air
fuel
return force
air sensor
function
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00289841A
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English (en)
Inventor
K Eckert
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/30—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines
    • F02M69/36—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines having an enrichment mechanism modifying fuel flow to injectors, e.g. by acting on the fuel metering device or on the valves throttling fuel passages to injection nozzles or overflow passages
    • F02M69/38—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines having an enrichment mechanism modifying fuel flow to injectors, e.g. by acting on the fuel metering device or on the valves throttling fuel passages to injection nozzles or overflow passages using fuel pressure, e.g. by varying fuel pressure in the control chambers of the fuel metering device
    • F02M69/386—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for facilitating the starting-up or idling of engines or by means for enriching fuel charge, e.g. below operational temperatures or upon high power demand of engines having an enrichment mechanism modifying fuel flow to injectors, e.g. by acting on the fuel metering device or on the valves throttling fuel passages to injection nozzles or overflow passages using fuel pressure, e.g. by varying fuel pressure in the control chambers of the fuel metering device variably controlling the pressure of the fuel by-passing the metering valves, e.g. by valves responsive to signals of temperature or oxygen sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/18—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air
    • F02M69/22—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means being metering valves throttling fuel passages to injectors or by-pass valves throttling overflow passages, the metering valves being actuated by a device responsive to the engine working parameters, e.g. engine load, speed, temperature or quantity of air the device comprising a member movably mounted in the air intake conduit and displaced according to the quantity of air admitted to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/16—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors
    • F02M69/26—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel characterised by means for metering continuous fuel flow to injectors or means for varying fuel pressure upstream of continuously or intermittently operated injectors the means varying fuel pressure in a fuel by-pass passage, the pressure acting on a throttle valve against the action of metered or throttled fuel pressure for variably throttling fuel flow to injection nozzles, e.g. to keep constant the pressure differential at the metering valve

Definitions

  • the return force is derived from pressurized liquid which is supplied under constant, but arbitrarily variable pressure through a pressure conduit and affects a forcetransmitting member coupled to the air sensor.
  • a flat seat valve having a movable valve member constituted by a diaphragm which is loaded by a primary spring, the bias of which is variable as a function of engine parameters.
  • the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines contain among others, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and uncombusted or partially combusted hydrocarbons which pollute the air to a significant degree.
  • the exhaust gas is passed at a temperature of about 600 C through catalyzers.
  • the air-to-fuel ratio has to be approximately stoichometrical or, stated differently, the air ratio should be close to l.
  • a secondary spring which opposes the aforenoted primary spring and the bias of which is variable as a function of the air ratio in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
  • the intake air enters from the left into a suction tube portion 1 and then flows into a conical suction tube portion 2 in which there is movably disposed an air sensor 3. Therefrom the air passes through a connecting hose 4 into a suction tube portion 5 which contains an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve 6. Therefrom the intake air flows to one or more cylinders of the internal combustion engine with which the fuel injection apparatus is associated.
  • the air sensor 3 comprises a plate member 3 disposed normal to the direction of air flow and is movable by, and as an approximately linear function of, the air quantities passing through the suction tube.
  • the air sensor 3 directly controls a fuel metering and quantity distributor valve 7.
  • the motion of the air sensor 3 is transmitted to the valve 7 by a lever 8 connected with the air sensor plate and supported by a pivot pin 9.
  • its nose 10 displaces a movable valve member 11 which forms part of the fuel metering and quantity distributor valve 7 and which is shaped as control plunger.
  • the radial face 12 of the control plunger 11 disposed remote from the nose 10 of the lever 8 is exposed to pressurized liquid, which serves as the return force affecting the air sensor 3.
  • the fuel is supplied to the fuel injection apparatus by means of a fuel pump 15 which is driven by an electromotor 14 and which draws fuel from a fuel tank 16 and drives it to the fuel metering valve 7 through a conduit 17. From the latter there extends a conduit 18 in which there is situated a pressure limiting valve 19.
  • the fuel is admitted into a channel 22 in the housing of the fuel metering and distributor valve 7.
  • the channel 22 leads to an axially long annular groove 23 provided in the control plunger 11 and further, through a plurality of ports, to individual chambers 24 each bounded by a portion of a sole diaphragm 25. In this manner one side of the diaphragm 25 is exposed to the pressure of the fuel.
  • a control edge 11a bounding the annular groove 23 overlaps to a greater or lesser extent the control slots 26 each of which communicates through an associated channel 27, with a chamber 28 separated from an associated chamber 24 by the diaphragm 25.
  • the diaphragm 25 serves as the movable valve member of a flat seat valve which, when the fuel injection apparatus is not operational, is maintained in an open position by means of a spring 30.
  • the dia phragm boxes, each formed of a chamber 24 and a chamber 28 and each including a flat seat valve, ensure that independently from the extent of overlap between the annular groove 23 and the control slots 26, that is, independently from the fuel quantities passing to the fuel injection valves, the pressure drop across the fuel metering valve 23, 26 remains substantially constant.
  • the air sensor plate 3 Upon pivotal motion of the lever 8, the air sensor plate 3 is moved as a function of the throughgoing air quantities in the conical portion 2, so that the annular flow passage section defined by the periphery of the air sensor plate and the inner wall of the conical portion 2 is proportionate to the deflection of the air sensor 3.
  • the deflection of the air sensor 3 there exists a linear dependence between the deflection of the air sensor 3 and the displacement of the control plunger 11, so that to the air quantities passing through the suction tube there are added continuously proportionate fuel quantities.
  • the pressurized liquid which exerts a force on the control plunger 11 is fuel taken from the fuel circuit.
  • a conduit 33 which opens into a pressure chamber 34 through a throttle 56.
  • a throttle 35 which separates the supply circuit 17 of the fuel metering valve 7 from the control pressure circuit now to be described.
  • conduit 36 which leads to a regulating mechanism 37 which is formed as a flat seat valve.
  • regulating mechanism 37 which is formed as a flat seat valve.
  • Its movable valve member is constituted by a diaphragm 41 which cooperates with a stationary valve seat 42. A very slight displacement of the diaphragm 41 is sufficient to fully open this valve and allow the fuel to pass therethrough from the pressure conduit 36 and flow in a depressurized condition through a conduit 38 back into the fuel tank 16.
  • the diaphragm 41 is loaded by a primary spring 43, the bias of which is a function of the position of the butterfly valve 6.
  • a cam disc 44 which is affixed to the shaft 45 of the butterfly valve 6.
  • the cam disc 44 is in engagement with a follower pin 46, the movement of which is transmitted through a cup-shaped spring seat member 47 to the primary spring 43.
  • a secondary spring 48 supported at its other end by a magnet armature 49.
  • the latter slides on a sleeve 50 in the inside ofa solenoid 51 and is urged by the secondary spring 48 into contact with a first abutment 52 when the solenoid 51 is in a de-energized condition.
  • the armature 49 In the energized condition of the latter the armature 49 is urged by the electromagnetic forces into engagement with a second abutment 54, overcoming the force of spring 48.
  • the magnetic circuit is closed by a solenoid casing 53.
  • the aforedescribed fuel injection apparatus operates in the following manner:
  • the fuel pump driven by the electromotor l4 draws fuel from the fuel tank 16 and drives the same through the conduit 17 to the fuel metering valve 7. Simultaneously, the internal combustion engine draws air through the suction tube 1, 2, 4, 5. As a result, the air sensor 3 is deflected from its position of rest to a certain extent. As a function of the magnitude of such deflection, the lever 8 displaces the control plunger 11 which, with its control edge lla, increases the flow passage section at the control slots 26. The direct connection between the air sensor 3 and the control plunger 11 results in a constant ratio between the air quantities and the metered fuel quantities.
  • an air ratio A that is close to 1.
  • an oxygen sonde which, by means of an amplifier circuit, supplies the control current for the regulating mechanism 37 formed as a two-point regulator.
  • the armature 49 is drawn to the abutment 54 whereby the bias of the secondary spring 48 working against the primary spring 43 is increased and thus the pressure in the control pressure circuit 33, 36 and in the pressure chamber 34 is lowered, resulting in the metering of increased fuel quantities.
  • the pressure of the pressurized liquid and thus the metered fuel quantities may be regulated within relatively narrow limits by virtue of the aforenoted two-point regulation.
  • the two-point regulation may also be used for controlling the addition of an excess fuel quantity for starting a cold engine, particularly if there is no requirement for steplessly controlling the operation of the hot engine.
  • the regulating mechanism 37 operates, in an operational range limited in time, not as a regulating mechanism, but as a control mechanism.
  • a fuel injection apparatus for the continuous injection of fuel into the suction tube of an internal combustion engine, said suction tube containing an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve, said apparatus being of the known type that has a. an air sensor member forming part of an air sensor means disposed in said suction tube spaced from said butterfly valve, said air sensor member being deflected by the flow of intake air as a function of the intake air quantities,
  • lever means forming part of said air sensor means and being attached to said sensor member
  • a fuel metering and distributor valve having a movable valve member exposed to the pressure of said liquid and operatively connected to said lever means to be displaced thereby against said return force to an extent proportionate to the deflection of said air sensor member for maintaining constant the fuel-to-air ratio for any given return force
  • control valve means varying said return force
  • said control valve means having a movable valve member loaded by a primary spring and f. means varying the bias of said primary spring as a function of at least one engine parameter
  • the improvement comprising a secondary spring connected to said movable valve member of said control valve means and means for varying the bias of said secondary spring as a function of the air ratio in the exhaust gas of said internal combustion engine, wherein said control valve means is formed as a flat seat valve and its movable valve member is constituted by a diaphragm, and wherein said primary spring exerts a force on one side of said diaphragm and said secondary spring exerts an opposing force on the other side of said diaphragm,
  • a fuel injection apparatus for the continuous injection of fuel into the suction tube of an internal combustion engine, said suction tube containing an arbitrarily operable butterfly valve, said apparatus being of the known type that has a. an air sensor member forming part of an air sensor means disposed in said suction tube spaced from said butterfly valve, said air sensor member being deflected by the flow of intake air as a function of the intake air quantities,
  • lever means forming part of said air sensor means and being attached to said sensor member
  • means generating a return force affecting said air sensor means and opposing the deflecting force of the air flow, said return force being independent from the deflected position of said air sensor member, said means including a pressure chamber filled with pressurized liquid supplying said return force,
  • a fuel metering and distributor valve having a movable valve member exposed to the pressure of said liquid and operatively connected to said lever means to be displaced thereby against said return force to an extent proportionate to the deflection of said air sensor member for maintaining constant the fuel-to-air ratio for any given return force
  • control valve means varying said return force
  • control valve means having a movable valve member loaded by a primary spring
  • the improvement comprising a secondary spring connected to said movable valve member of said control valve means and means for varying the bias of said secondary spring as a function of the air ratio in the exhaust gas of said internal combustion engine, said means for varying the bias of said secondary spring including an electromagnet having a solenoid and an armature displaceable by electromagnetic forces generated by said solenoid and means for energizing said solenoid, said secondary spring being in engagement with said armature with the bias of said secondary spring being varied as a function of the position of said armature.
  • the means for varying the bias of said secondary spring further includes a first abutment against which said armature is pressed by said secondary spring in the deenergized condition of said solenoid and a second abutment against which said armature is pressed by electromagnetic forces in the energized condition of said solenoid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
US00289841A 1971-09-17 1972-09-18 Fuel injection apparatus for externally ignited internal combustion engines operating on continuously injected fuel Expired - Lifetime US3842813A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2146506A DE2146506C3 (de) 1971-09-17 1971-09-17 Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für gemischverdichtende, fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschinen mit kontinuierlicher Einspritzung in das Saugrohr

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US3842813A true US3842813A (en) 1974-10-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00289841A Expired - Lifetime US3842813A (en) 1971-09-17 1972-09-18 Fuel injection apparatus for externally ignited internal combustion engines operating on continuously injected fuel

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3842813A (cs)
JP (1) JPS5521174B2 (cs)
CS (1) CS158158B4 (cs)
DE (1) DE2146506C3 (cs)
FR (1) FR2154101A6 (cs)
GB (1) GB1399391A (cs)
IT (1) IT1045211B (cs)
SE (1) SE371861B (cs)
SU (1) SU545269A4 (cs)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3930481A (en) * 1972-09-22 1976-01-06 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3931802A (en) * 1972-09-22 1976-01-13 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3942497A (en) * 1973-11-16 1976-03-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3942496A (en) * 1973-10-03 1976-03-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3946714A (en) * 1974-03-16 1976-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3951120A (en) * 1973-08-10 1976-04-20 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Diaphragm-controlled pressure control valve assembly
US3967607A (en) * 1973-10-03 1976-07-06 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system
US3974809A (en) * 1973-03-16 1976-08-17 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system for spark plug-ignited internal combustion engines with compression of the air-fuel mixture
US3974811A (en) * 1974-01-24 1976-08-17 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system
US3983856A (en) * 1974-05-24 1976-10-05 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system
US3993034A (en) * 1974-05-13 1976-11-23 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system
US3993032A (en) * 1974-05-13 1976-11-23 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection systems
US4008700A (en) * 1973-08-01 1977-02-22 Societe Industrielle De Brevets Et D'etudes S.I.B.E. Fuel feed device for internal combustion engine
US4018200A (en) * 1973-10-03 1977-04-19 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system with fuel pressure control valve
US4046121A (en) * 1974-08-01 1977-09-06 Societe Industrielle De Brevets Et D'etudes S.I.B.E. Fuel supply devices for internal combustion engines
US4075995A (en) * 1975-01-21 1978-02-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4085723A (en) * 1975-06-25 1978-04-25 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel control system for internal combustion engine
US4109626A (en) * 1975-04-22 1978-08-29 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Fuel supply control system with feedback fuel pipe for internal combustion engine
US4114579A (en) * 1975-02-20 1978-09-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel-air-mixtures controller for internal combustion engines
US4136652A (en) * 1975-11-03 1979-01-30 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Fuel delivery system
US4297981A (en) * 1977-04-05 1981-11-03 Ntn Toyo Bearing Company, Limited Fuel flow rate measuring device

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7629406U1 (de) * 1976-09-21 1978-03-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Ventil mit einer einstellvorrichtung
GB2001129B (en) * 1977-07-12 1982-08-04 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS FOR air fuel combustion mixture
JPS5420222A (en) * 1977-07-15 1979-02-15 Toyota Motor Corp Fuel-supplying device for internal combustion engine
DE3014033C2 (de) * 1980-04-11 1984-04-26 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage für gemischverdichtende, fremdgezündete Brennkraftmaschinen mit kontinuierlicher Einspritzung in das Saugrohr
US6951536B2 (en) 2001-07-30 2005-10-04 Olympus Corporation Capsule-type medical device and medical system

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3931802A (en) * 1972-09-22 1976-01-13 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3930481A (en) * 1972-09-22 1976-01-06 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system for internal combustion engines
US3974809A (en) * 1973-03-16 1976-08-17 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system for spark plug-ignited internal combustion engines with compression of the air-fuel mixture
US4008700A (en) * 1973-08-01 1977-02-22 Societe Industrielle De Brevets Et D'etudes S.I.B.E. Fuel feed device for internal combustion engine
US3951120A (en) * 1973-08-10 1976-04-20 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Diaphragm-controlled pressure control valve assembly
US3942496A (en) * 1973-10-03 1976-03-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3967607A (en) * 1973-10-03 1976-07-06 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system
US4018200A (en) * 1973-10-03 1977-04-19 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system with fuel pressure control valve
US3942497A (en) * 1973-11-16 1976-03-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3974811A (en) * 1974-01-24 1976-08-17 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system
US3946714A (en) * 1974-03-16 1976-03-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US3993034A (en) * 1974-05-13 1976-11-23 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system
US3993032A (en) * 1974-05-13 1976-11-23 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection systems
US3983856A (en) * 1974-05-24 1976-10-05 Robert Bosch G.M.B.H. Fuel injection system
US4046121A (en) * 1974-08-01 1977-09-06 Societe Industrielle De Brevets Et D'etudes S.I.B.E. Fuel supply devices for internal combustion engines
US4075995A (en) * 1975-01-21 1978-02-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection system
US4114579A (en) * 1975-02-20 1978-09-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel-air-mixtures controller for internal combustion engines
US4109626A (en) * 1975-04-22 1978-08-29 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Fuel supply control system with feedback fuel pipe for internal combustion engine
US4085723A (en) * 1975-06-25 1978-04-25 Nippon Soken, Inc. Fuel control system for internal combustion engine
US4136652A (en) * 1975-11-03 1979-01-30 Volkswagenwerk Aktiengesellschaft Fuel delivery system
US4297981A (en) * 1977-04-05 1981-11-03 Ntn Toyo Bearing Company, Limited Fuel flow rate measuring device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE371861B (cs) 1974-12-02
DE2146506B2 (de) 1977-10-13
DE2146506C3 (de) 1978-06-08
JPS4837517A (cs) 1973-06-02
DE2146506A1 (de) 1973-03-29
CS158158B4 (cs) 1974-10-15
IT1045211B (it) 1980-05-10
FR2154101A6 (cs) 1973-05-04
JPS5521174B2 (cs) 1980-06-07
GB1399391A (en) 1975-07-02
SU545269A4 (ru) 1977-01-30

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