US3840186A - Unit for feeding difficult to feed materials - Google Patents

Unit for feeding difficult to feed materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3840186A
US3840186A US00300180A US30018072A US3840186A US 3840186 A US3840186 A US 3840186A US 00300180 A US00300180 A US 00300180A US 30018072 A US30018072 A US 30018072A US 3840186 A US3840186 A US 3840186A
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United States
Prior art keywords
additive
housing
semi
compacted
contact
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00300180A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Broadfoot
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US00300180A priority Critical patent/US3840186A/en
Priority to GB4698673A priority patent/GB1415556A/en
Priority to SE7313880A priority patent/SE393557B/xx
Priority to CA183,457A priority patent/CA1003003A/en
Priority to AU61574/73A priority patent/AU470688B2/en
Priority to JP48119376A priority patent/JPS5243314B2/ja
Priority to CH1497173A priority patent/CH576055A5/xx
Priority to DE2353509A priority patent/DE2353509C2/de
Priority to IT53316/73A priority patent/IT994793B/it
Priority to FR7337911A priority patent/FR2213216B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3840186A publication Critical patent/US3840186A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/34—Details
    • B65G53/40—Feeding or discharging devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Difficult to feed materials such as quick-set additives [21] Appl. No.: 300,180
  • the particulate material is then conveyed in a fluid References Cited medium into contact with wet or dry concrete.
  • Dual UNITED STATES PATENTS side-by-side units are provided with means to separately actuate each unit to provide uninterrupted delivery of the particulate material to a use location.
  • Powdered additives of this type are commercially available and sold under the tradenames Tricosol by Chemische Fabrik Grunau, GmbH, Accelleset" by Protex Industries, Inc., Unicrete X by Sayder Manufacturing Company and Quickset by Master Builders.
  • Tricosol for exampie, is a blend of sodium carbonate and sodium aluminate in a weight ratio of about 2:1. Means are disclosed for metering a quick-setting additive into contact with wet or dry concrete in US. Pat. application Ser. No. 175,764, filed Aug. 27, 1971; however, the metering device disclosed has a feed rate which varies plus or minus percent or more. This results in inefficient wasteful use of the additive.
  • the additive is allowed to sit in the holding vessel of the metering device described in the application for a period of time or allowed to come into contact with a damp atmosphere, it sets to a hard, rock-like mass which is unworkable. It has thus remained a problem to devise means for accurately and uniformly feeding quick-set additives for wet or dry concrete.
  • This invention relates to a method and means of accurately and uniformly feeding a hard to feed material, such as a quick-set additive for concrete as a particulate material wherein the material is first formed into a compacted mass and the mass advanced into contact with an abrading means which erodes away a portion of the material as a particulate material for conveyance by suspension in a flow of fluid medium to a use area.
  • a hard to feed material such as a quick-set additive for concrete as a particulate material
  • the objects of this invention are to provide: (1) a process and apparatus for accurately and uniformly feeding a hard to feed material as a particulate material; (2) a process and apparatus for first forming a hard to feed material into a compacted mass and then advancing the mass into contact with abrading means which erodes away the material at a predetermined rate as particulate material for feeding by suspension in a fluid medium location; (3) to provide a process and apparatus for accurately and uniformly metering quickset additives for wet or dry concrete in a simplified and uncomplicated manner.
  • FIG. I is a perspective view of an overall system for 2 metering a quick-set additive for concrete in conjunction with a concrete pump;
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of the feed unit of this invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the feed unit illustrating mounting of the abrading wheel and material feeding means
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the abrading wheel housing and abrading wheel therein along section line 4-4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic of the control system for switching between one feed unit and another.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates one use of the feed unit 1 in conjunction with a concrete pump 2, the feed unit feeding the quick-set additive as a finely divided powder suspended in a fluid medium through conduit 3 intersecting conduit 4 through which wet concrete is metered.
  • the feed unit may also be used for feeding other difficult to feed materials which, because of their physical properties, are difficult to feed accurately and/or at a uniform rate.
  • the concrete pump, shown in phantom in FIG. 1, forms no part of this invention, but is described in US. Pat. No. 3,180,272.
  • the feed unit described may also be used in conjunction with a conventional dry type spraying apparatus, such as Gunite, wherein the quickset additive would be introduced into the air fed dry concrete in advance of the spray nozzle where water is added to the mixture.
  • the feed and metering unit comprises a frame 10 on which are mounted horizontally oriented material guide cylinders 11 and 12 held in spaced relation by spacer 13.
  • the open ended cylinders 11 and 12 communicate at one end with cylindrical extensions 14 secured around openings in the cylindrical walls 15 of the abrading wheel housing 18, each provided with a top wall 16 and bottom wall 17.
  • Each abrading wheel 27 is mounted on a shaft 19 journalled for rotation in the housing 15.
  • the shaft 19 is offset relative to the vertical axis of housing 15.
  • Shaft 19 extends up through the top plate 16 of each housing and through suitable bearings 20 and seals 21 carried by housing 22 and held in place by retainer ring 22a.
  • the splined upper shaft portion 24 of each shaft is connected to a hydraulic motor 25 mounted in housing 26.
  • the abrading member 27 of the abrading wheels may be any material capable of eroding away the compacted material as a particulate material such as a stacked seriesof spaced apart'wire brushes secured about shaft 19.
  • the diameter of the abrading members is less than the inner diameter of housing 15.
  • Inlet and outlet ports 28 and 29 extend through the top and bottom plates 16 and 17 of the abrading wheel housings and may be located as illustrated in FIG. 3. The inlet and outlet ports may be directly opposed or laterally offset.
  • the abrading wheel may be rotated in either direction but is preferably rotated in a clockwise direction as illustrated by FIG. 3.
  • Inlet conduits 30 are connected between a source of compressed gas (air) and the inlet ports 28.
  • Outlet conduits 31 connected to outlet ports 29 intersect to form conduit 3 which intersects with the concrete stream flowing through conduit 4.
  • Compressed air or other fluid medium is provided to the inlet port at suitable pressures ranging from to 200 psi.
  • An air inlet 61 connected to the air supply entering through conduit is preferably provided adjacent the hub of the abrading wheel housing to prevent accumulation and build-up of the powdered additive in that area.
  • a compacted mass of material 60 is placed in one of the guide cylinders 11.
  • the outer diameter of the compacted material is made slightly less than the inner diameter of the guide cylinders for ease of insertion of the material.
  • the material is advanced into contact with the abrading wheel by a loosely fitting plunger 32 connected to a hollow push rod 33 which extends the length of the guide cylinder and out through an opening in cap 34 secured to the end of the guide opposite the abrading wheel housing by fasteners 34a extending through flanges 35 and 36.
  • a projecting shoulder 37 of the cap having an outerdiameter approximately the same as the inner diameter of the guide cylinder, includes a recessed O-ring 38 to seal the guide cylinder against loss of air pressure.
  • Bearings 39 are provided for the push rods 33, these being held in a recess of the cap 34 by a retainer ring 40 and snap ring 41. Seals 42 around the push rod prevent loss of gas pressure within the guide cylinder.
  • the end of the push rod extending beyond the cap 34 is secured tothe piston 43 of hydraulic cylinder 44 by linkage 45.
  • the rate of advance may be varied by connecting the hydraulic cylinders to a variable hydraulic pump (see FIG. 5).
  • Air inlets 62 through guide cylinders 11 and 12 are connected to the air supply entering through conduit 30 to prevent accumulation of the powdered additive in the guide cylinders behind the pistons 32.
  • cam operated spool valves control activation of the dual side-by-side feed units.
  • the control system on the right is shown in activated position while the control system on the left is in inactive position.
  • Shift of cam operated valve 50 to the position shown effects shifting of air operated valve 51 which, in turn, shifts four-way air operated valve 51 which, in turn, shifts four-way air operated valve 52, relay valve 53, and spring-centered, four-way air actuated valve 54 to (l) initiate retraction of the piston 43 of hydraulic cylinder 44, (2) furnish compressed gas through line 55 and valve 53 to the cylindrical housing, and (3) start hydraulic motor 25' powering the abrading wheel 18.
  • the rate of retraction of piston 43 is controlled by a variable pump 50 to control the feed rate of the particulate material.
  • a variable pump 50 to control the feed rate of the particulate material.
  • spool valve 50 is shifted to exhaust position and spool valve 56, controlling activation of the duplicate unit, shifted to the active position. Shift of valve 56, in turn, effects shifting of air operated four-way valve 52, relay valve 57, and spring-centered, four-way 4 air operated valve 58 for operation of the duplicate unit in the same manner as previously disclosed.
  • Quick-set additives for wet or dry concrete in uncompacted form are generally fluffy, hygroscopic materials which, on compaction under suitable pressures, form a compacted mass of material which is self-binding.
  • the material is compressed into sticks approximately the length and diameter of the guide and cylinder of the feed unit (about 4 inches in diameter and 6 feet in length). It has been determined that two six-foot long sticks of the quick-set additive will furnish sufficient additive for operating a concrete pump of the type illustrated in FIG. 1 for about 1 hour.
  • the pressure needed to compact the material into stick form varies depending on the particular material used. If necessary, a binder, which does not affect the end use of the product, may be added to material.
  • a system for applying a stream of wet, semi-fluid material setting to a hard end-product within seconds after ejection from a nozzle onto a work surface including a pump metering and pumping a predetermined amount of the semi-fluid material to a discharge nozzle, and metering unit for metering and delivering a dry, particulate, quick-set additive for the semi-fluid material into contact with the stream of semi-fluid material in a predetermined weight ratio of additive to semi-fluid material
  • the improvement comprising providing a metering and feeding unit converting a compacted mass of the quick-set additive to a particularized state and feeding the same into contact with the stream of semi-fluid material suspended in a flow of pressurized gas, the unit comprising:
  • conduit means connecting the stream of semi-fluid material, abrasive means mounted for rotation within the houspower means for rotating the abrasive means,
  • the abrasive means includes an abrading wheel mounted on a shaft, the wheel having a diameter less than the internal diameter of the housing and mounted for rotation within the housing with its axis laterally offset from the axis of the housing.
  • the means for advancing the compacted mass includes (1) a cylindrical guide chamber holding the compacted additive communicating at one end with the housing and disposed so that its axis intersects the axis of the housing perpendicularly, (2) closure means at the opposite end of the guide chamber providing access to the chamber and outlet port with the sealing the chamber from the surrounding atmosphere,
  • fluid power means including a plunger extending through the closure means and contacting the compacted mass within the guide chamber so as to advance the mass into contact with the rotating abrading wheel at a predetermined rate to convert the compacted mass to particularized form.
  • a system for spraying a continuous stream of wet, semi-fluid material setting to a hard end-product within seconds after ejection from a nozzle for application on a surface including a pump for metering and pumping predetermined amounts of the semi-fluid material to the nozzle and a metering unit for metering and delivering a dry, particulate, quick-set additive for the semi-fluid material into contact with the stream of semi-fluid material prior to discharge from the nozzle, the improvement comprising a metering unit converting a compacted mass of the quick-set additive to particularized form for delivery suspended in a flow of pressurized gas into contact with the stream of semifluid material, the unit comprising:
  • an abrading wheel mounted on a shaft journalled for rotation about an axis laterally offset from the axis of the housing
  • a cylinder holding a compacted mass of the quick-set additive communicating with the housing and disposed so that its axis intersects the axis of the cylindrical housing perpendicularly,
  • closure means at the opposite end of the cylinder providing access to the cylinder and sealing the cylinder from the surrounding atmosphere
  • fluid power means including a plunger extending through the closure means and contacting the compacted mass of quick-set additive within the cylinder for advancing the compacted mass of the quick-set additive into contact with the rotating abrading wheel at a predetermined rate to convert the compacted mass to particularized form
  • the pressurized gas entering through the inlet port entraining the particularized additive in the gas stream and conveying it suspended in the flow of pressurized gas into contact with the stream of semi-fluid material.
  • a housing mounted ajdacent the chamber having an opening therein communicating with the interior of the chamber for advance of the compacted additive thereinto,
  • an abrading wheel mounted in the housing for eroding away the portion of the compacted additive contacting the outer circumferential surface thereof as a finely divided material
  • variable rate feed means to advance the compacted additive into contact with the abrading wheel
  • control means fordeactivating one unit and simultaneously activating the adjacent unit for continuous
  • a method of applying quick-setting concrete to a work surface comprising:
  • metering a predetermined amount of a particulate quick-set additive for the concrete suspended in a flow of pressurized gas into contact with the stream of semi-fluid material prior to discharge thereof onto the work surface by (a) abrading a compacted mass of the quick-set additive to convert a portion thereof to particularized form at a predetermined rate, and (b) feeding the particularized additive suspended in a flow of pressurized gas into the stream of semi-fluid concrete.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
US00300180A 1972-10-24 1972-10-24 Unit for feeding difficult to feed materials Expired - Lifetime US3840186A (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00300180A US3840186A (en) 1972-10-24 1972-10-24 Unit for feeding difficult to feed materials
GB4698673A GB1415556A (en) 1972-10-24 1973-10-09 Unit for feeding difficult-to-feed materials and comminuting the same
SE7313880A SE393557B (sv) 1972-10-24 1973-10-12 Forfarande och anordning for omvandling av komprimerat material till partikelformigt tillstand samt for transport av detsamma i nemnda tillstand
CA183,457A CA1003003A (en) 1972-10-24 1973-10-16 Unit for feeding difficult-to-feed materials
AU61574/73A AU470688B2 (en) 1972-10-24 1973-10-18 Unit for feeding difficult-to-feed materials
JP48119376A JPS5243314B2 (el) 1972-10-24 1973-10-23
CH1497173A CH576055A5 (el) 1972-10-24 1973-10-23
DE2353509A DE2353509C2 (de) 1972-10-24 1973-10-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Umwandeln einer verdichteten Materialmasse in einen pulverförmigen Zustand
IT53316/73A IT994793B (it) 1972-10-24 1973-10-24 Gruppo per alimentare materiali di difficile alimentazion
FR7337911A FR2213216B1 (el) 1972-10-24 1973-10-24

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00300180A US3840186A (en) 1972-10-24 1972-10-24 Unit for feeding difficult to feed materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3840186A true US3840186A (en) 1974-10-08

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US00300180A Expired - Lifetime US3840186A (en) 1972-10-24 1972-10-24 Unit for feeding difficult to feed materials

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3840186A (el)
JP (1) JPS5243314B2 (el)
AU (1) AU470688B2 (el)
CA (1) CA1003003A (el)
CH (1) CH576055A5 (el)
DE (1) DE2353509C2 (el)
FR (1) FR2213216B1 (el)
GB (1) GB1415556A (el)
IT (1) IT994793B (el)
SE (1) SE393557B (el)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4293227A (en) * 1978-10-02 1981-10-06 Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Spraying unit for unhardened concrete and the like
US20040123745A1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2004-07-01 Vanni Zacche' Pressurization device
CN109476037A (zh) * 2016-06-13 2019-03-15 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 用于压实陶瓷粉末的机器和方法

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6039377Y2 (ja) * 1977-12-07 1985-11-26 松下電工株式会社 壁パネル
DE3720783A1 (de) * 1986-02-13 1989-01-05 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten Verfahren zum auftragen einer spritzbetonschicht
DE3703762A1 (de) * 1986-02-13 1987-08-20 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten Verfahren und spritzaggregat zum auftragen einer spritzbetonschicht
DE3703761A1 (de) * 1987-02-07 1988-08-25 Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten Vorrichtung zum auftragen einer spritzbetonschicht
DE3714387A1 (de) * 1987-04-30 1988-11-10 Degussa Verfahren und vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen dosieren von pulverfoermigen stoffen mittels pressgas

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4293227A (en) * 1978-10-02 1981-10-06 Kyokuto Kaihatsu Kogyo Co., Ltd. Spraying unit for unhardened concrete and the like
US20040123745A1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2004-07-01 Vanni Zacche' Pressurization device
CN109476037A (zh) * 2016-06-13 2019-03-15 萨克米伊莫拉机械合作社合作公司 用于压实陶瓷粉末的机器和方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU470688B2 (en) 1976-03-25
CH576055A5 (el) 1976-05-31
DE2353509A1 (de) 1974-05-02
IT994793B (it) 1975-10-20
CA1003003A (en) 1977-01-04
JPS4994080A (el) 1974-09-06
AU6157473A (en) 1975-04-24
JPS5243314B2 (el) 1977-10-29
FR2213216B1 (el) 1978-11-17
DE2353509C2 (de) 1984-05-10
SE393557B (sv) 1977-05-16
GB1415556A (en) 1975-11-26
FR2213216A1 (el) 1974-08-02

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