US3836367A - Method for photo-mechanical composition of designs on stencils for film and screen printing, particularly rotary screen printing - Google Patents

Method for photo-mechanical composition of designs on stencils for film and screen printing, particularly rotary screen printing Download PDF

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US3836367A
US3836367A US00241609A US24160972A US3836367A US 3836367 A US3836367 A US 3836367A US 00241609 A US00241609 A US 00241609A US 24160972 A US24160972 A US 24160972A US 3836367 A US3836367 A US 3836367A
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grid
layer
photo
raster
printing
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US00241609A
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English (en)
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M Klemm
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Fritz Buser AG Maschinenfabrik
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Fritz Buser AG Maschinenfabrik
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Priority claimed from CH526571A external-priority patent/CH543110A/de
Priority claimed from CH905571A external-priority patent/CH552836A/de
Priority claimed from CH1143271A external-priority patent/CH552837A/de
Application filed by Fritz Buser AG Maschinenfabrik filed Critical Fritz Buser AG Maschinenfabrik
Priority to US05/457,871 priority Critical patent/US3934504A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/12—Production of screen printing forms or similar printing forms, e.g. stencils

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  • ABSTRACT To improve the detail on screen printing, in which images are applied to a printing grid or screen in which a photo-sensitive layer is utilized to be exposed in accordance with the image or composition to be printed, and the non-exposed image portions are removed before printing, the screen is pre-processed to provide it with a smooth surface so that the photo-sensitive layer can, itself, be applied on the screen with a smooth surface of uniform and controllable thickness directly over the printing grid; in a preferred form, the interstices of the printing grid or screen are filled with a filler, and the surface of the grid and the filler is then treated to remove that portion of the filler which is above the grid elements, leaving the tiller within the interstices, and a smooth surface over which the photo-sensitive layer can be applied.
  • a plurality of such applications can be made, the photo-sensitive surface itself being exposed to form a lattice screen, which is treated to provide a smooth surface on which
  • the present invention relates to a method of photomechanically composing the pattern to be applied on screens or grids for film and screen printing, and more particularly for rotary screen printing, in which a lightsensitive layer is removed in accordance with an image which is exposed on the photo-sensitive layer.
  • composition of an image on the screen is to be so interpreted that the screen will have a pattern thereon which consists of open or closed interstices or spaces between the meshes of the screen, in accordance with the image to be reproduced.
  • Screens or grids of this type may be used to print on various materials, such as textiles, paper or the like.
  • Rotary film printing is a special process of the more generally known film or screen printing, in which screens or sieves in form of a hollow cylindrical stencil are used.
  • the method of composition utilized is principally a galvanic composition process in which the sievelike portions of a hollow, cylindrical round stencil are first galvanically built up in one operation, and then coated in which the galvanically produced sieve, grid, or screen is covered with a photosensitive plastic layer, or paint coating which is removed, in the course of the further process steps, at areas determined by the image to be reproduced. In those portions which are not to be printed, the coating remains; in the portions which are to be printed, the layer or coating of the photo-sensitive material is removed.
  • a galvanic composition process in which the sievelike portions of a hollow, cylindrical round stencil are first galvanically built up in one operation, and then coated in which the galvanically produced sieve, grid, or screen is covered with a photosensitive plastic layer, or paint coating which is removed, in the course of the further process steps, at areas determined by the image to
  • the present invention relates to the screen or grid printing method in which a photo-sensitive coating is removed from the screen where printing is to be carried out, and is left on the screen where no print is to be made.
  • the method has some disadvantages, one of them being that the sharpness of reproduction is not as high as might be desired see also comment in the above referred-to literature reference. It has been found that the lack of sharpness or accuracy in reproduction is due to a step, or sawtooth-like edge at the ends or ter' minal limits of the figures; this has led to the concept of sawtooth edgeformation, or distortion in connection with lack of sharpness of reproduction in this process. To a certain extent, this undesirable effect can be reduced by printing manipulation and handling; however, some distortion and lack of sharpness has been accepted in this field as a disadvantage which cannot be avoided.
  • the photo-sensitive layer is applied to the underlying screen or grid as a surface having constant and controllable thickness of its layer when applied to the grid stencil.
  • the interstices between the grid are first filled with a material which can be later on removed, the filler and the surface of the grid then being prepared to have a uniform top surface so that the photosensitive layer to be applied thereover likewise will have a smooth surface of controlled and uniform thickness.
  • FIGS. 1 to 5 and FIG. 7 illustrate various steps in the composition of the image to be screen-printed
  • FIG. 6a illustrates an intermediate step or result in accordance with the prior art
  • FIG. 6b the same step in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of a method used to reproduce a fine line
  • FIG. 9 is a cross section along line IX-IX of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a grid stencil with a stencil layer having a fine raster
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view, in highly schematic form, through a stencil having a fine raster
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of a stencil with a pattern or composing layer, partly broken away, and in which rasters on stencil layers of different fineness have been applied;
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a stencil with two photo-sensitive layers, in which the second layer is the composed layer.
  • the layer has a clearly defined top wavy layer, or undulating surface, entirely independent of the type of photographic emulsion which is being used. This waviness or undulation appears to be due to the usually used rubber doctor blades during application of the photo-sensitive emulsion.
  • more emulsion is applied in the interstices between the grids of the screen than on top of the grid elements themselves.
  • the still soft and deformable emulsion may be smooth; upon the subsequent following physical drying step, however, the surface will become wavy since those areas which have a greater volume of emulsion, that is, between the interstices, will shrink more than the ones which are thin.
  • the sawtooth effect is due to two causes.
  • the waviness of the emulsion does not permit accurate and adequate imaging of the negative, or slide to be projected, even if customary technology permits some bridging of the interstices; the waviness does not permit a tight sealing between the emulsion surface and the substrate.
  • the interaction of the non-uniform emulsion layers and the inclined, or non-parallel projection with non-collimated light as is customary does not permit a sharp congruent imaging of the negative during exposure.
  • the referred to sawtooth effect can be avoided by forming a so-called printing shoulder.
  • the edge of the image which is not to be printed is formed slightly raised.
  • the angle at the edge ofthe image should be as close to a right angle as possible, and should be sharp, so that rounded corners are avoided, if at all possible.
  • the raised, non-printing portion of the matrix should be capable of closely contacting the material to be printed, such as a paper sheet, or textile material. This, then, results in optimum sealing between the portion on which printing is to be carried out, and the non-printing portion with respect to the printing ink which, as above referred to, is not usually possible in the customary composing system for rotary stencils.
  • the specific loading ofthe stencil in rotary printing is substantially higher than in flat printing so that use of the above referred to processes is not possible even if the cylinders, and the stencils are not of large size.
  • emulsions have been developed which meet the requirements with respect to loading which, however, since used in direct processes which do not permit additional layering, result in the aforementioned sawtooth formation.
  • a screen surface such as a cylindrical stencil is coated with a layer 32 which can be dissolved in a known solvent, such as a filler lacquer (FIG. 1).
  • the screen itself is shown schematically in cross section, and has grid or mesh lines 1 separated by raster or grid interstices 2 therebetween.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the next step, in which a photo-sensitive layer 33 is applied over the ground and smooth surface formed of the combination of grid or mesh elements I and the filled interstices 32. Layer 33 is dried, as customary. As schematically indicated in FIG. 4, a negative 5 is then exposed by light beams 8. Negative 5 has transparent regions 7 and opaque regions 6.
  • the layer 33 is developed see FIG. 5 and the exposed non-soluble regions 9 will remain on the surface of the screen. Comparing FIGS. 4 and 5, it will be seen that the light beams 8 which penetrate under various angles cannot have deforming effects at the edge of the transition region between a grid and a grid interstice, since the layer 33 is of uniform thickness, and, further, the thickness oflayer 33 can be held at a predetermined desired thickness with respect to the width of the raster interstice 2. Thus, the previously referred to three-dimensional imaging or composing process is controlled. The formation of the so-called printing shoulder can also be effected, permitting optimal sealing between printing and non-printing regions or zones.
  • the remaining, photo-sensitive and exposed layer 9 is dried and polymerized. This layer will shrink.
  • FIG. 6a which shows this step in accordance with the prior art in which the interstices 2 do not have a filler 32
  • the shrunk region 9 has a shrinking zone 35.
  • FIG. 6b where the method in accordance with the present invention is illustrated, it will be seen that the photosensitive layer in known composing method shrinks threedimensionally, and, further, that the deformation process due to the shrinking of the emulsion layer is enhanced.
  • the emulsion layer 9' (FIG.
  • the polymerized layer 9' is chemically highly stable and it has been found from experience that the usual solvents to remove the layer 32 do not affect layer 32.
  • the printing shoulder 9" is flush with the top surface of the layer 9'.
  • the process in accordance with the present invention can also be used to reproduce half tones.
  • the image to be composed is photographically broken into a line raster, for example, by a grid, a dot pattern or the like, which is utilized in the form of a screen, or the like upon exposure of the image.
  • the width of the smallest line which can be composed and readily printed, by experience extends between two interstices and one grid line. It can readily be seen that the width of the line depends on the fineness of the mesh of the screen of the stencil. In other words, coarse rasters, if used, permit only wide lines, and fine rasters permit thin lines. In accordance with the present invention, the width of the line need only have the width of one of the grid lines themselves, measured at the outer edge of the stencil.
  • a communication can be provided with the stencil after the polymerizing step of the photo-sensitive layer has been carried out, but before the material 32, filling the intersticial spaces, has been removed or dissolved.
  • the exposed stencil is etched, but only from the side of the grid at which the polymerized emulsion is placed.
  • An etch bath is selected which has high lateral etching effects, but low depth etching.
  • the filler substance which, during the etching step, is located only in the intersticial spaces between the grid lines permits application of the etch material only to those points where it is needed, that is, where it can etch away some of the grid lines, where required, which contributes to the stability of the entire stencil.
  • the etching process is terminated when openings 41 (FIG. 9) are formed by removal of some material from the grid II, that is, beneath or between the imaged line 40 and the respective adjacent raster opening 2 which, at
  • the filler substance 32 is dissolved or washed out, and the stencil is ready for printing.
  • the usual grid material for rotary screens utilizes nickel almost exclusively and thus iron chloride, in an aqueous solution is a good etch substance.
  • the mesh openings are wide, that is, if the raster is quite coarse, such as 40 or 60 mesh, or if thick emulsions are to be used in the printing, then high requirements are placed on the strength and sturdiness of the emulsion layer, due to the large bridges of emulsion over the raster openings.
  • the inner side of the stencil, ready for printing may have a lacquer applied thereto which, immediately after application and while still somewhat flowable, is removed from the emulsion side of the stencil by suction. After a suitable drying, that is, after chemical hardening, the emulsion layer is reinforced on the side which does not print, without interfering with the quality of the print-ready stencil.
  • finest image details can be reproduced, independent of the fineness of the grid material itself.
  • a grid or screen material 51 of any predetermined fine, or coarse mesh size is used and, as above described, is filled with filler material so that the grid lines are blank, but: the interstices are completely filled, so that the grid with filler material forms a smooth continuous surface.
  • a suitable pattern carrier is used, for example one of the known photo emulsions which can be hardened, to copy a line raster on the smooth surface. This raster is developed and hardened.
  • the pattern to be composed, and then to be printed is carried out in a third step, analogous to the second.
  • the stencil surface which now has projecting grid lines has a suitable lacquer applied thereto, to fill the spaces between the grid lines.
  • This lacquer is then removed, for example by grinding or buffing until the raster lines 58 of the pattern are free at their upper surfaces 59 of any filler lacquer; the interstices 60, however, between the pattern lines 58 are filled and, together with the filling, form a smooth surface.
  • the printing stencil which is so prepared then has the hardened photo emulsion applied thereover, which is exposed, in accordance with the steps explained in connection with FIG. 4, and the hardened photo emulsion is then developed, dried and hardened.
  • the last stencil layer 62 (FIG. 10) then defines therebetween the open spaces 61 of the print stencil, where printing is to take place.
  • the filler lacquer is washed out by a suitable solvent.
  • the dimensioning of the line raster 58, that is, the auxiliary pattern, as well as the distance of the lines from eachother depend on the photographic resolving power of the stencil material which is to be used.
  • thin and high raster lines define a large quantity of ink available for printing; flat and wide raster lines provide only little printing ink.
  • the thickness ofthe stencil layer, that is, of the first grid pattern can be changed by changing the thickness of the layer of which the grid pattern is made, and the pattern itself can be suitably varied, by selectively using different photographic patterns.
  • the line raster which is photographically applied, can thus be changed to control the volume of printing ink, and thus to vary the base stencil on which the image is composed.
  • This line raster may have a further function. It may be desired, for example, to reproduce details which are smaller than the free width of the interstices of the screen. In accordance with the usual methods, these details, when exposed on the screen and if they are on a screen opening, could not initially have any connection with the underlying screen material, thus, could not be secured thereto. As illustrated in FIG. 11, details 52, if they were to be reproduced, are not secured to the underlying grid material, schematically indicated at 1, and corresponding to the grid 51 of FIG. 10. These elements 52 would thus fall through the interstices between the grids. In irregularly arranged details, the reproduction of the composed image would thus be different from the image actually exposed. In regularly recurring patterns, for example in cross rasters, a moire effect would invariably result.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates the combination of a photographically resolved image, broken up into a 60-line raster which can be combined with a 32-line raster (80 mesh) screen, without being subjected to a moire effect.
  • the filled screen material SI first has a first line raster 58, for example at 40 lines per centimeter applied thereto. Thereafter, and in accordance with the previously described process steps, a second line raster 63 of, for example, 60 lines ,per centimeter and arranged at an angle of, for example, approximately 90 with the first line raster, is applied. A third layer 64 of the stencil material is then applied; the image is composed over the raster of the last stencil material layer, in this instance, in a 60-mesh cross raster.
  • the structure of the last preceding line raster 63 previously was levelled, so that the next layer could be applied thereto; the structure of the first line raster 58 also previously had been ground or flattened or levelled.
  • the cross raster with horizontal grid lines 67 and vertical row lines 68 is so arranged on the last preceding line raster therebeneath that the ink impervious, horizontal line rasters 67 of the cross raster always fall on the lines of the second line raster 63 which are immediately therebeneath.
  • the vertical row lines 68 of the cross raster are freely self-supporting.
  • Some raster opening 69 may fall in the region of a raster line 58 of the first stencil layer 58. This is immaterial.
  • the ink which is supplied during printing fills the line raster system which, in this embodiment, has three layers of material. In view of the raster grid lines 58, 63, it can enter the raster opening 69 of the last stencil layer 64 due to the interstices, even those which are apparently covered.
  • a screen printing system is developed which, in the light of the state of the art, provides an extremely fine break-up of the image to be reproduced, by providing a very fine cross raster therefor.
  • the actual layer which is formed in accordance with the image is not applied to the basic grid raster, but rather on layers of material which themselves are formed in a raster stencil, before the final layer on which the composition is imaged, has been applied.
  • the amount of ink which is needed can be accurately controlled by controlling the so-called ink volume of the raster, or underlying screen in accordance with design requirements, that is, by forming the underlying rasters at spacings and in arrangements to match the ink which is needed.
  • the detail of the image to be reproduced becomes essentially independent of at least the bottom-most of the underlying grid layers, and the detail of the image to be reproduced can thus approach the limits of the photographic resolving capacity of the stencil material.
  • the detail is thus independent of the material and grid raster size of the basic grid and screen or grid printing of color tones or scale which are resolved into a broken-up image can be obtained, without a moire effect.
  • the first light-sensitive layer is exposed and then processed, by developing, hardening, and the like before the second light-sensitive layer is applied thereover.
  • This process can be simplified in that the first light-sensitive layer is not completed, that is, is not developed and hardened and, likewise, preparation of the first light-sensitive layer by filling with filler material and subsequent flat grinding and polishing is not done before application of a second photosensitive layer. Rather, after exposure of the first lightsensitive layer, a second stencil material layer is applied thereover. This substantially reduces rejects and errors, as well as work time and material and thus results in lower costs.
  • the printing shoulder is formed in somewhat simpler manner than in the process in accordance with FIGS. 10 to 12, and the ink penetration of the screen grid material can be limited. This modification of the process is illustrated in connection with FIG. 13.
  • a base screen having grids 71, with openings 72 therebetween is the base material, filled with a filler in such a manner that, on the one hand, the grid raster lines are not covered and, on the other, the grid openings are completely filled.
  • the initial filler is applied to the base grid which is then ground or polished to a smooth surface.
  • the smooth flat grid material In a second stage of the process, the smooth flat grid material, with the interstices filled, has a photosensitive stencil layer applied thereto, which is then dried. This stencil layer is exposed through a mask which may only show lines, that is, through a line-ruled mask, negative, or slide.
  • the now exposed stencil material layer has a second photo-sensitive stencil material layer 75 applied thereto. Since the underlying surface is flat and smooth, the second stencil material layer 75 will likewise be flat and smooth.
  • the second stencil material layer 75 is then exposed through an image negative, which carries the composition to be applied to the screen grid.
  • the second layer 75 is exposed which, again, also exposes those portions of the first photo-sensitive layer which receive light through the slide or negative carrying the composition, and which were not exposed during the first exposure. The already exposed portions,
  • the entire stencil material is developed, hardened, and thereafter the filler material in the interstices 72 is removed, so that the final printing screen or grid is finished.
  • the line raster 73 permits reduction of the ink penetration in the grid material, as desired.
  • the dimension of the remaining lines '73 (FIG. 13) can be changed, and the thickness of the layer of these line rasters, indicated at 76, can likewise be changed, to provide a controllable reservoir for ink.
  • the width of the lines of the line raster, and their orientation of course is determined by the mask which is used for its exposure; the thickness by the thickness of the photo-sensitive layer.
  • the second photo-sensitive layer 75 has a thickness indicated at 77 (FIG. 13) which again can be varied as desired. It is applied on the exposed first layer, the two photo-sensitive layers having a combined thickness indicated at 78.
  • the difference in height 77 of the second light-sensitive layer 75 with respect to the thickness 76 of the first layer 73 provides for the desired shoulder 50 at the edges of the image.
  • Exposure of the second layer 75 over the image carrying negative exposes all regions 79 of the first photosensitive layer 73, which were not provided to permit ink to penetrate in the first place.
  • the stable and sturdy interconnection of the two layers, as indicated at 74 will result, both with respect to each other as well as with respect to the underlying grid material. Good stability is obtained also on the bridge points of the raster opening 72.
  • filler or filler lacquer
  • the substance which has been referred to as filler, or filler lacquer, to be used in the present invention must have these characteristics: ease of application by usual application techniques; non-foaming; hardening and capability to be ground or polished by utilization of usual and customarily available grinding and polishing techniques; non-solubility in water; freedom from shrinking, also over longer periods of time (twelve months or longer); freedom from shrinking over short periods of time upon heating, for example in the region of 200 C, and for periods of from 3-4 hours; good adhesion to the usual grid or screen materials utilized in rotary screen printing technology, particularly nickel, and independent of aging and temperature up to 200 C; low thermoplastic flow, even if heated to temperatures to 200 C; good solubility before and after heat treatment in solvents which do not attack the polymerized layer; chemical resistance with respect to usually used etching solutions, such as ferrous chloride, and, additionally, non-poisonous in use.
  • Such a substance having the required characteristics are known as Plusodur 230, 60 percent Xylol, hardened with Maprenal RT, in a mixture of about nine parts Plusodur 230 and one part Maprenal RT (by weight).
  • As solvents, ketones and esters can be used.
  • the invention has been described particularly in connection with rotary stencils for rotary presses, but can be used equally for flatbed presses and flatbed stencils.
  • the support pattern is a raster and the first imaging step comprises imaging a raster on the first layer, developing and setting said raster to provide a base raster, said base raster 40 forming the screen grid for said further photo-sensitive layer;
  • the support pattern is a raster and the first imaging step comprises imaging a first additional raster on the first layer which has a raster different from the raster of the grid;
  • the exposure step comprises exposing the further layer by imaging a second additional raster on the further photo-sensitive layer, said second and first rasters being different from each other; developing and setting said first raster;
  • step of filling the interstices comprises applying a filler material over one side of the printing grid, and penetrating 65 the interstices between the lattice of the grid;
  • the photo-sensitive layer being applied over said smooth surface.
  • Method to make stencils having a stencil layer or printing grids having interstices between the grid lattice thereof, in which a photo-sensitive layer is utilized to be exposed in accordance with an image to be composed or printed, the non-exposed image portions being removed before printing comprising forming a level, smooth continuous composite surface of exposed grid lattice and a soluble filler located only in the interstices between the grid lattice, by filling only the interstices between the lattice grid with the filler;
  • first photo-sensitive layer of sufficient thickness to form the stencil directly over the smooth surface of the exposed grid lattice and the filler in the interstices between the lattice with constant, controllable thickness; exposing the first photo-sensitive layer with radiation in accordance with a first pattern and, without further treatment of the first photosensitive layer, applying a further layer of photo-sensitive material over said first photo-sensitive layer with constant and controllable thickness; exposing the further photo-sensitive layer with radiation in accordance with a second pattern; selectively removing a portion of the layer of photosensitive material in accordance with the patterns to which the layers were exposed to develop the exposed photo-sensitive layers;
  • the further layer is utilized as the layer adapted to carry the image to be printed.
  • step of filling the interstices comprises applying a filler material over one side of the printing grid, and penetrating the interstices between the lattice of the grid;

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)
US00241609A 1971-04-13 1972-04-06 Method for photo-mechanical composition of designs on stencils for film and screen printing, particularly rotary screen printing Expired - Lifetime US3836367A (en)

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US05/457,871 US3934504A (en) 1971-04-13 1974-04-04 Method for photo-mechanical composition of designs on stencils for film and screen printing, particularly rotary screen printing

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH526571A CH543110A (de) 1971-04-13 1971-04-13 Verfahren zur photomechanischen Dessinierung von Druckschablonen für Film- und Siebdruck, insbesondere Rotationsfilmdruck
CH905571A CH552836A (de) 1971-06-21 1971-06-21 Verfahren zur photomechanischen dessinierung von druckschablonen fuer film- und siebdruck, insbesondere rotationsfilmdruck.
CH1143271A CH552837A (de) 1971-08-03 1971-08-03 Verfahren zur photomechanischen dessinierung von druckschablonen fuer film- und siebdruck, insbesondere rotationsfilmdruck.

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Cited By (10)

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US4174664A (en) * 1978-05-08 1979-11-20 Milliken Research Corporation Cylindrical screen having aperatures with geometric centers defined by arrays of equilateral triangles
US4176602A (en) * 1975-09-02 1979-12-04 General Dynamics Corporation Dry film screen stencil and method of making
US4490217A (en) * 1984-02-24 1984-12-25 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Method of making a stencil plate
US4816295A (en) * 1981-07-06 1989-03-28 C.A.M. Graphics Co., Inc. Method for imparting an apparent finish to the surface of an article
US5629052A (en) * 1995-02-15 1997-05-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of applying a curable resin to a substrate for use in papermaking
US5674663A (en) * 1995-02-15 1997-10-07 Mcfarland; James Robert Method of applying a photosensitive resin to a substrate for use in papermaking
US5693187A (en) * 1996-04-30 1997-12-02 The Procter & Gamble Company High absorbance/low reflectance felts with a pattern layer
US6287641B1 (en) 1996-08-22 2001-09-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for applying a resin to a substrate for use in papermaking
CN102991101A (zh) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-27 浚鑫科技股份有限公司 正电极印刷网版
US20190001369A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2019-01-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Process for depositing dry powder particles onto a substrate and adhesively bonding the particles to the substrate

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8511549U1 (de) * 1985-04-18 1986-06-19 Ferd. Rüesch AG, St. Gallen Siebdruckschablone
GB2192254B (en) * 1986-07-02 1990-03-21 Nippon Tenshashi Kk Metal roller

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US2421607A (en) * 1942-04-03 1947-06-03 Harwood B Fowler Method of making metallic printing screens

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US2340485A (en) * 1941-01-31 1944-02-01 Edward O Norris Inc Process of producing stencils
US2332592A (en) * 1941-06-05 1943-10-26 Edward O Norris Inc Process of producing screen stencils
US2421607A (en) * 1942-04-03 1947-06-03 Harwood B Fowler Method of making metallic printing screens

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4176602A (en) * 1975-09-02 1979-12-04 General Dynamics Corporation Dry film screen stencil and method of making
US4174664A (en) * 1978-05-08 1979-11-20 Milliken Research Corporation Cylindrical screen having aperatures with geometric centers defined by arrays of equilateral triangles
US4816295A (en) * 1981-07-06 1989-03-28 C.A.M. Graphics Co., Inc. Method for imparting an apparent finish to the surface of an article
US4490217A (en) * 1984-02-24 1984-12-25 Armstrong World Industries, Inc. Method of making a stencil plate
US5629052A (en) * 1995-02-15 1997-05-13 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of applying a curable resin to a substrate for use in papermaking
US5674663A (en) * 1995-02-15 1997-10-07 Mcfarland; James Robert Method of applying a photosensitive resin to a substrate for use in papermaking
US5817377A (en) * 1995-02-15 1998-10-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of applying a curable resin to a substrate for use in papermaking
US5693187A (en) * 1996-04-30 1997-12-02 The Procter & Gamble Company High absorbance/low reflectance felts with a pattern layer
US6287641B1 (en) 1996-08-22 2001-09-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for applying a resin to a substrate for use in papermaking
CN102991101A (zh) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-27 浚鑫科技股份有限公司 正电极印刷网版
US20190001369A1 (en) * 2015-12-18 2019-01-03 3M Innovative Properties Company Process for depositing dry powder particles onto a substrate and adhesively bonding the particles to the substrate
US10773275B2 (en) * 2015-12-18 2020-09-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Process for depositing dry powder particles onto a substrate and adhesively bonding the particles to the substrate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2214728C3 (de) 1978-10-26
SE394839B (sv) 1977-07-11
CA971806A (en) 1975-07-29
FR2136185A5 (OSRAM) 1972-12-22
DE2214728B2 (de) 1978-02-09
DD99024A5 (OSRAM) 1973-07-12
AR198380A1 (es) 1974-06-21
GB1389327A (en) 1975-04-03
NL162216C (nl) 1980-04-15
NL162216B (nl) 1979-11-15
ES402438A1 (es) 1975-04-01
DE2214728A1 (de) 1972-10-26
IT951195B (it) 1973-06-30
AT321959B (de) 1975-04-25
NL7204992A (OSRAM) 1972-10-17

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