US3835919A - Device for cooling electric machines, particularly turbogenerators - Google Patents

Device for cooling electric machines, particularly turbogenerators Download PDF

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Publication number
US3835919A
US3835919A US00333703A US33370373A US3835919A US 3835919 A US3835919 A US 3835919A US 00333703 A US00333703 A US 00333703A US 33370373 A US33370373 A US 33370373A US 3835919 A US3835919 A US 3835919A
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United States
Prior art keywords
water
tank
chamber
pressure
cooling
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00333703A
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English (en)
Inventor
D Lambrecht
E Weghaupt
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Kraftwerk Union AG
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Kraftwerk Union AG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/193—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil with provision for replenishing the cooling medium; with means for preventing leakage of the cooling medium

Definitions

  • a cooling-water connecting head is mounted on the end of the rotor shaft, and includes a shaft pump driven by the shaft as well as cooling-water input and output chambers. Moreover, in the circulatory loop between the coolingwater chambers, there is connected a water tank which is subjected to a cushion of gas acting at elevated pressure.
  • the pump should have a self-contained drive, which is generally achieved by directly coupling the pump to the rotor.
  • attention must be given to operating the cooling-water pump with minimal cavitation. Wear due to cavitation at the intake of the shaft pump increases, however, with increasing rotary speed and increasing water flow rate.
  • an initial or prior pressure is required in the suction line, which can be 3 to 4 atmg (atmospheres excess pressure), depending upon the operating rotary speed and the water flow rate.
  • This pressure is usually generated by a gas cushion introduced into the water tank. This entire gas cushion pressure, however, also acts on the outermost water chamber at the cooling-water connecting head that faces toward atmosphere, so that an undesirably high pressure occurs at the shaft seal.
  • a maintenance-free and wearresistant seal that fulfills the requirement for turbogenerator design of a running time of at least 20,000 hours without stopping, is accordingly necessary.
  • Contactfree slotted or split sleeve seals or labyrinth-type seals have been found to be most reliable and suitable, as they are also least costly from the technical standpoint. With such contact-free slotted or split sleeve seals, continuous water-leakage on the air side is unavoidable. This water leakage should, however, be kept as low as possible. Since this leakage water is chemically pure and accordingly has low electrical conductivity, the recovery or reclamation thereof in the course of continuous operation cannot be disregarded.
  • This leakage water becomes enriched with oxygen, however, when in contact with air, which can cause corrosion in the conventionally hollow lines or passages located in the rotor and stator windings. Consequently, the leakage water is conducted through a collecting tank and over a palladium catalyzer wherein the oxygen entrained by the leakage water combines with the hydrogen therein to form additional water which is then returned to the main water tank.
  • the necessity for keeping the water leakage as low as possible is dictated by the fact that the size of the ultraexpensive palladium catalyzer increases in proportion to the water flow rate.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide means for markedly reducing this pressure without, however, sacrificing the integrity of the closed circulatory loop.
  • a device for cooling electric machines having a rotor mounted on a shaft and watercooled stator and rotor windings, comprising a coolingwater connecting head located at an end of the rotor shaft and having a cooling-water inlet chamber and a cooling-water outlet chamber, circulatory means interconnecting the inlet and outlet chambers, an external water tank connected in the circulatory means between the inlet and outlet chambers, means for maintaining a gas cushion at elevated pressure within the external water tank, a pressure-reducing water chamber located adjacent and communicating with the outlet chamber, an intermediate tank connected between the pressurereducing water chamber and the external water tank and having an air cushion therein at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, and booster pump means connected between the intermediate tank and the external water tank for recirculating water accumulating in the intermediate tank to the external water tank.
  • a safety valve is connected in the connecting means between the external water tank and the intermediate tank.
  • Tapped water escaping nevertheless from the pressure-reducing water chamber can be withdrawn in a conventional manner from a further chamber located, in accordance with yet another feature of the invention, adjacent the pressure-reducing water chamber and having a pair of opposite walls having respective ends, between which and the rotor shaft, shaft sealing means are interposed, the shaft sealing means admitting into the further chamber atmospheric air in addition to the tapped water.
  • the tapped water withdrawn from the further chamber is then recirculated to the external water tank through circuit means connecting the further chamber with the external water tank and including a collecting tank, a pump and oxygenremoving catalyzer means connected therein.
  • FIGURE of the drawing is a diagrammatic view of the device for cooling electric machines in accordance with the invention, schematically showing the circulatory system for cooling water and the cooling-water connecting head.
  • a central cooling-water tank 1 wherein an initial or prior pressure of about 3 atmg is maintained by a gas cushion 2. Cooling water flows from the central or main tank 1 through a suction line 3 into an inlet or suction chamber 4 formed in a coolant-water connecting head 5. The cooling water is fed from the inlet chamber 4 by a shaft pump 7, which is mounted on the shaft 6 of an otherwise unillustrated electric machine such as a turbogenerator, through a line 8 and a cooler 9 to the schematically shown stator winding 10 of the machine and to an axial bore 11 formed in the shaft 6 of the machine rotor for cooling the schematically shown rotor winding 12.
  • a shaft pump 7 which is mounted on the shaft 6 of an otherwise unillustrated electric machine such as a turbogenerator, through a line 8 and a cooler 9 to the schematically shown stator winding 10 of the machine and to an axial bore 11 formed in the shaft 6 of the machine rotor for cooling the schematically shown rotor winding 12.
  • the warmed cooling water then flows back from the stator winding 10 through a line 13 directly to the external water tank 1 and from the cooling-water outlet chamber 14 in the cooling-water connecting head 5 out of the rotor and through a line 15 into the external water tank 1.
  • the pressure in the cooling-water outlet chamber 14 is about 3.5 atmg, so that this pressure also prevails at the slotted or split sleeve or labyrinth seal 16 between the outlet chamber 14 and an adjacent chamber 17.
  • the adjacent chamber 17 is connected by a line 18 with an intermediate tank 19 wherein a pressure slightly above atmospheric pressure is maintained by a gas cushion 20, the pressure in the adjacent chamber 17 being from 350 mm water column to about 0.2 atmg.
  • the pressure of the gas cushion can then, in accordance with the invention, be adjusted without regard to any other matters so that, on the one hand, a minimal quantity of leakage water is obtained while, on the other hand, however, a breakthrough of air from the chamber 22 through the slotted or split sleeve seal 21 into the pressure-reducing adjacent chamber 17 under all operating conditions is avoided.
  • the leakage water then flows in conventional manner into a lower lying collecting tank 23 and is pumped back into the external water tank through a palladium catalyzer 26, regulated with the aid of a water level control 24 and a return flow pump 25.
  • the quantity of tapped water flowing into the intermediate tank 19 is also regulated by a water level control 27 and is returned to the main water tank 1 with the aid of a booster or pressure-raising pump 28.
  • a safety valve 32 set to 0.1 to 0.2 atmg ensures that the gas cushion pressure is not exceeded in the intermediate tank 19.
  • the aforedescribed device of the invention assures reliably and economically, that only a very small amount of leakage water escapes from the cooling-water connecting head and is mixed with entering air. Moreover, due to the consequent pressure reduction, relatively simple slotted or split sleeve or labyrinth seals can be employed at all sealing locations.
  • a coolingwater connecting head located at an end of the rotor shaft and having a cooling-water inlet chamber and a cooling-water outlet chamber, circulatory means interconnecting said inlet and outlet chambers, an external water tank connected in said circulatory means between said inlet and outlet chambers, and means for maintaining a gas cushion at elevated pressure within said external water tank: a pressure-reducing water chamber located adjacent and communicating with said outlet chamber, an intermediate tank connected between said pressure-reducing water chamber and said external water tank and having an air cushion therein at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, and booster pump means connected between said intermediate tank and said external water tank for recirculating water accumulating in said intermediate tank to said external water tank.
  • Device including means connecting said external water tank and said intermediate tank so as to afford communication between the respective gas cushions therein, and a pressure-reducing valve connected in said connecting means between said external water tank and said intermediate tank.
  • Device according to claim 1 including a safety valve connected to said intermediate tank.
  • Device including water-level control means for regulating outflow of water accumulated in said intermediate tank to said external water tank.
  • Device including a further chamber adjacent said pressure-reducing water chamber and having a pair of opposite walls, shaft sealing means disposed between respective ends of said walls and the rotor shaft and being adapted to admit atmother chamber to said external water tank, said circuit means including a collecting tank, a pump and oxygenremoving catalyzer means connected therein.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
US00333703A 1972-02-17 1973-02-20 Device for cooling electric machines, particularly turbogenerators Expired - Lifetime US3835919A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2207342A DE2207342C3 (de) 1972-02-17 1972-02-17 Einrichtung zur Kühlung elektrischer Maschinen, insbesondere Turbogeneratoren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3835919A true US3835919A (en) 1974-09-17

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ID=5836156

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00333703A Expired - Lifetime US3835919A (en) 1972-02-17 1973-02-20 Device for cooling electric machines, particularly turbogenerators

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Country Link
US (1) US3835919A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
JP (1) JPS5316881B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CH (1) CH549304A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE2207342C3 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1368045A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3922573A (en) * 1973-08-31 1975-11-25 Kraftwerk Union Ag Apparatus for supplying cooling channels of rotors of electrical machines with cooling waters
US3989102A (en) * 1974-10-18 1976-11-02 General Electric Company Cooling liquid de-gassing system
US4047561A (en) * 1974-10-18 1977-09-13 General Electric Company Cooling liquid de-gassing system
DE3043992A1 (de) * 1980-11-21 1982-07-22 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo Vorrichtung zum herausleiten von kuehlfluessigkeit aus einer elektrischen maschine mit fluessigkeitsgekuehltem rotor
US4341093A (en) * 1980-12-01 1982-07-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Device for leading cooling liquid out of rotary electric machine with liquid cooled rotor
US4358937A (en) * 1980-12-01 1982-11-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Device for conducting cooling liquid in and out of liquid cooled rotor type rotary electric machine
US4364241A (en) * 1980-12-02 1982-12-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Device for draining cooling liquid from rotary electric machine with liquid cooled rotor
US4873832A (en) * 1988-12-08 1989-10-17 Ncr Corporation Liquid level control for a cryogenic fluid
US5196746A (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-03-23 Sundstrand Corporation Generator auxiliary forced cooling and lubrication system and method
US5418412A (en) * 1994-02-15 1995-05-23 Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corporation Drive disconnect for oil-cooled electrical generator
US5789824A (en) * 1996-05-02 1998-08-04 Chrysler Corporation Cooling of turboalternator for hybrid motor vehicle
WO1999038245A1 (de) * 1998-01-26 1999-07-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kühlsystem und verfahren zur kühlung eines generators
US6371157B1 (en) 2000-09-29 2002-04-16 Thales Broadcast & Multimedia, Inc. Method, system and computer program product for self-draining plumbing for liquid-cooled devices
US20060113851A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-01 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Motor cooling device and cooling method
US20120205994A1 (en) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Flooded variable speed electric machine with variable flow
CN103363075A (zh) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-23 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 综采工作面集成冷却系统

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4073607A (en) * 1976-07-29 1978-02-14 Ingersoll-Rand Company Gas compressor system
DE3043884A1 (de) * 1980-11-21 1982-07-08 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo Vorrichtung zum ein- und ausleiten von kuehlfluessigkeit bei einer elektrischen maschine mit fluessigkeits-rotorkuehlung

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2970232A (en) * 1958-10-21 1961-01-31 Gen Electric Conductor-cooled generator

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2970232A (en) * 1958-10-21 1961-01-31 Gen Electric Conductor-cooled generator

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3922573A (en) * 1973-08-31 1975-11-25 Kraftwerk Union Ag Apparatus for supplying cooling channels of rotors of electrical machines with cooling waters
US3989102A (en) * 1974-10-18 1976-11-02 General Electric Company Cooling liquid de-gassing system
US4047561A (en) * 1974-10-18 1977-09-13 General Electric Company Cooling liquid de-gassing system
DE3043992A1 (de) * 1980-11-21 1982-07-22 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokyo Vorrichtung zum herausleiten von kuehlfluessigkeit aus einer elektrischen maschine mit fluessigkeitsgekuehltem rotor
US4341093A (en) * 1980-12-01 1982-07-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Device for leading cooling liquid out of rotary electric machine with liquid cooled rotor
US4358937A (en) * 1980-12-01 1982-11-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Device for conducting cooling liquid in and out of liquid cooled rotor type rotary electric machine
US4364241A (en) * 1980-12-02 1982-12-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Device for draining cooling liquid from rotary electric machine with liquid cooled rotor
US4873832A (en) * 1988-12-08 1989-10-17 Ncr Corporation Liquid level control for a cryogenic fluid
US5196746A (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-03-23 Sundstrand Corporation Generator auxiliary forced cooling and lubrication system and method
US5418412A (en) * 1994-02-15 1995-05-23 Lucas Aerospace Power Equipment Corporation Drive disconnect for oil-cooled electrical generator
US5789824A (en) * 1996-05-02 1998-08-04 Chrysler Corporation Cooling of turboalternator for hybrid motor vehicle
WO1999038245A1 (de) * 1998-01-26 1999-07-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kühlsystem und verfahren zur kühlung eines generators
US6326709B1 (en) 1998-01-26 2001-12-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Cooling system and method for cooling a generator
US6424062B1 (en) 1998-01-26 2002-07-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Cooling system and method for cooling a generator
US6371157B1 (en) 2000-09-29 2002-04-16 Thales Broadcast & Multimedia, Inc. Method, system and computer program product for self-draining plumbing for liquid-cooled devices
US20060113851A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-01 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Motor cooling device and cooling method
US7462963B2 (en) * 2004-11-30 2008-12-09 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Motor cooling device and cooling method
US20120205994A1 (en) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Flooded variable speed electric machine with variable flow
CN103363075A (zh) * 2012-03-28 2013-10-23 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 综采工作面集成冷却系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4893903A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1973-12-04
JPS5316881B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1978-06-05
GB1368045A (en) 1974-09-25
DE2207342B2 (de) 1978-10-12
CH549304A (de) 1974-05-15
DE2207342C3 (de) 1980-09-11
DE2207342A1 (de) 1973-08-30

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