US3828960A - Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum - Google Patents

Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum Download PDF

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Publication number
US3828960A
US3828960A US30545172A US3828960A US 3828960 A US3828960 A US 3828960A US 30545172 A US30545172 A US 30545172A US 3828960 A US3828960 A US 3828960A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
plastic
boundary wall
container
barrier
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
W Walles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dow Chemical Co
Original Assignee
Dow Chemical Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dow Chemical Co filed Critical Dow Chemical Co
Priority to US05305451 priority Critical patent/US3828960A/en
Priority to US36256173 priority patent/US3916048A/en
Priority to US38974873 priority patent/US3856172A/en
Priority to CA184,019A priority patent/CA985646A/en
Priority to AU62002/73A priority patent/AU482844B2/en
Priority to DK594973A priority patent/DK143587C/da
Priority to NL7315134A priority patent/NL7315134A/xx
Priority to DE19732355250 priority patent/DE2355250A1/de
Priority to JP12457073A priority patent/JPS5643859B2/ja
Priority to IT5356473A priority patent/IT997790B/it
Priority to BE137562A priority patent/BE807107A/fr
Priority to SE7315246A priority patent/SE400023B/xx
Priority to FR7339962A priority patent/FR2206245B1/fr
Priority to GB5218373A priority patent/GB1439475A/en
Priority to BR879873A priority patent/BR7308798D0/pt
Priority to CH1576273A priority patent/CH561531A5/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3828960A publication Critical patent/US3828960A/en
Priority to US497588A priority patent/US3921844A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J41/00—Thermally-insulated vessels, e.g. flasks, jugs, jars
    • A47J41/02—Vacuum-jacket vessels, e.g. vacuum bottles
    • A47J41/022—Constructional details of the elements forming vacuum space
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B15/082—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising vinyl resins; comprising acrylic resins
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D11/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material
    • B65D11/16—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material with double walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
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    • B65D81/3837—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container in the form of a bottle, jar or like container
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
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    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
    • F17C2203/066—Plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0311—Closure means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
    • Y10T428/1355—Elemental metal containing [e.g., substrate, foil, film, coating, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1359—Three or more layers [continuous layer]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal
    • Y10T428/31692—Next to addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31699—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A container having a double wall construction of a structural plastic material is provided with improved thermal insulative properties by (1) metallizing at least one surface of each wall of the container with metal such as silver to provide a light reflective surface and to produce a partial barrier to atmospheric gases, (2) coating the metallized surface with a barrier plastic such as saran, (3) evacuating the space enclosed by the walls of the container, and (4) adding to the evacuated space a gas-absorbing material.
  • the temperature drop of water heated to 90C and stored in the vacuum bottles at room temperature z 25C) is about 30C per day.
  • this heat loss occurs as a result of l conduction through the evacuated space, (2) infrared radiation through the container, (3) conduction along the wall of the container around the stopper or other closure mechanism for the container and (4) conduction through the stopper or closure mechanism for the container.
  • a gas-absorbing solid particulate is included in the evacuated space, some heat loss results from conduction through the particulate. Heat loss as a result of (l) is insignificant at pressures below mm Hg and becomes serious at pressures above 10' mm Hg.
  • Heat loss as a result of (2) is minimized by providing the container with a surface having an infrared wave reflectivity of 90 percent and higher and is negligible at reflectivity of 95 percent. Usually this is accomplished by applying a coating of a light reflective metal such as silver to the interior surfaces of the double wall construction of the containers. Heat loss as result of (2) can also be essentially eliminated by the inclusion of a one quarter inch layer of a powder, e.g., a gas-absorbing solid particulate, in the evacuated space. Heat losses resulting from (3) and (4) are minimized by decreasing the size of the opening through which the contents to be stored are added and by increasing the length or depth of the stopper or closure mechanism.
  • the present invention is a plastic container having a double-wall construction capable of retaining a vacuum for long periods of time.
  • the plastic container exhibits considerable resistance to breakage and excellent thermal insulative properties lasting up to 5 years 0 and longer.
  • the plastic container comprises a boundary wall of a normally solid, plastic material enclosing an evacuated space, a layer of metal on at least one surface of said boundary wall, an overcoating of a barrier plastic adherent to the metal layer and a gasabsorbing material residing in the evacuated space.
  • the plastic container is provided by metallizing at least one surface of the boundary wall and coating the metallized surface with the barrier plastic.
  • the enclosed space is subsequently evacuated and sealed to provide the desired vacuum container.
  • the enclosed space is filled with a gas-absorbing material, e.g., a particulate solid.
  • the plastic double wall containers of the present invention are superior in retaining the vacuum to similar containers in which the inner surface of the boundary wall has been metallized, but not coated with barrier plastic. Even more surprising is that the plastic containers of the invention maintain higher vacuum for longer periods of time than do containers in which the one surface of the boundary wall is metallized and the other surface is coated with barrier resin. Thus, in the practice of this invention, it is essential that the barrier plastic be applied to the metallized surface if the desired vacuum is to be maintained.
  • the plastic containers of the present invention are useful as containers for maintaining gaseous, liquid or solid materials in a hot or cold state for prolonged periods of time.
  • a preferred plastic container 1 having a boundary wall 4 of a normally solid plastic material which encloses an evacuated space 7.
  • a light reflective metal layer 5 On inner surface 9 of wall 4, there is deposited a light reflective metal layer 5.
  • a layer 6 of a barrier polymer On surface 13 of the metal layer 5, there is deposited a layer 6 of a barrier polymer.
  • the combined wall 4, metal layer 5 and barrier polymer layer 6 comprise an interior portion 3 for holding contents and an exterior portion 2.
  • the interior portion 3 and exterior portion 2 are welded together at weld lines 12.
  • the exterior portion 2 has an opening 11 through which ingredients such as gas-absorbing solid particulate 8 can be inserted and gases occupying space 7 can be removed.
  • Occupying at least a portion of space 7 is a gas-absorbing solid particulate 8 for capturing gases present in space 7 as a result of incomplete evacuation of space 7, gases resulting from outgassing of the plastic material and barrier polymer and gases which permeate the combined boundary wall 4, metal layer 5 and barrier polymer layer 6.
  • a plug 10 stoppers the enclosed space 7 after evacuation.
  • the plug 10 may be of any material suitable for stoppering holes in plastics such that a vacuum of at least 10' mm Hg is maintained.
  • Plastic materials suitable for use in the boundary wall are those normally solid, organic polymers that are readily shaped or molded or otherwise fabricated into the desired container form and possess sufficient rigidity to retain said form under conditions to which they will be exposed.
  • the polymers are thermoplastic and are relatively inert to those materials which are to be contained.
  • polymers used in structural applications so-called engineering plastics, such as polystyrene, styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene/- butadiene copolymers, styrene/butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymers, rubber modified styrene polymers, and other polymers of monovinylidene aromatic carbocyclic monomers are generally preferred.
  • engineering plastics such as polystyrene, styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene/- butadiene copolymers, styrene/butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymers, rubber modified styrene polymers, and other polymers of monovinylidene aromatic carbocyclic monomers are generally preferred.
  • acetal plastics such as polyformaldehyde resin, polyolefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene, polycarbonates, polyamides, such as nylon, rigid polyvinyl chloride, polyesters such as poly(ethylene terephthalate), acrylic resins such as poly(methyl methacrylate) and the other normally solid polymers which can be formed into the desired shape by conventional forming techniques, e.g., blow molding and injection molding.
  • the boundary wall may also contain one or more additaments such as fillers, stabilizers, surface modifiers, gasabsorbing materials, dyes and the like.
  • the plastic materials are preferably thermoplastic.
  • thermosetting polymers can also be used.
  • all synthetic polymers, whether thermoplastic or thermosetting, are incapable of retaining a high vacuum for an extended period. Accordingly, plastic materials usually employed in the boundary wall exhibit a degree of permeability to gases of the atmosphere such that a vacuum of 10 mm Hg can not be maintained in containers fabricated solely of such plastic materials.
  • the boundary wall has thickness in the range of about 40 to about 300 mils preferably from about to about mils.
  • the wall should be generally thicker within said range when polymers somewhat lower in high temperature resistance are employed. Therefore it is understood that the wall thickness is suitable if it provides the container with sufficient strength to withstand deformation under normal conditions.
  • the boundary wall is formed into desired shape by conventional polymer shaping techniques such as injection molding, blow molding and combinations thereof. It is understood that the boundary wall may be formed by molding the wall in two or more parts and then welding the parts together. In such instances welded portions of wall may comprise different polymers.
  • the interior portion of wall for containing the liquid or solid material may comprise high temperature resin such as styrene/maleic anhydride and the exterior portion of the wall may comprise a general purpose resin such as styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer.
  • the metal coating which imparts partial barrier characteristic to the boundary wall suitably comprises silver, lead, nickel, aluminum, copper, gold, titanium, tin, bismuth, antimony, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, metals of the platinum group and alloys of two or more of the aforementioned metals.
  • the metal coating comprises silver, nickel or alloy thereof.
  • Metallization is preferably carried out by first rendering the wall surface of the plastic water wettable and subsequently plating metal on the surface with an electroless process such as the processes described by F. A. Lowenheim in Metal Coating of Plastics, Noyes Data Corporation (1970). See also Pinner, S. I-I., et al, Plastics: Surface and Finish, Daniel Davey & Co., Inc., 172-186 (1971) and U.S. Pat. No. 2,464,143.
  • the wall surface is rendered water-wettable by a gas phase sulfonation process as described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,625,751 to Walles.
  • the quantity of metal deposited in forming the desired metal layer is that amount which forms an essentially continuous film over the desired surface of the boundary wall and thereby renders the wall partially impermeable.
  • the quantity of metal deposited is in the range from about 2.0 to about 1 1,000 micrograms per square centimeter (pglcm especially from about 10 to about 500 uglcm
  • Corresponding thicknesses of the metal layer are about 0.0001 to about 0.5 mil, preferably about 0.0004 to about 0.02 mi].
  • the metal layer should be essentially continuous and extensive enough such that the evacuated space is essentially enclosed by the metal layer.
  • the quantity of metal deposited in forming the desired metal layer is that amount which forms an essentially continuous film over the desired surface of the boundary wall and thereby renders the wall partially impermeable.
  • the quantity of metal deposited is in the range from about 2.0 to about 1 1,000 micrograms per square centimeter (pglcm especially from about 10 to about 500 uglcm
  • metal layer is applied to at least about 95 percent of the total area of the boundary wall surface proximate to the evacuated space (hereinafter referred to as the inner surface), preferably to at least 99 percent. lt is understood that the metal layer is composed of metal crystals with some open spaces therebetween. Alternatively or in addition, the metal layer may be applied to the outer surface of the boundary wall, i.e., surface distant from the evacuated space, although such practice is not as preferred as applying the metal layer to the inner surface of the boundary wall.
  • a barrier plastic is a normally solid, organic polymer that exhibits a permeance to gases of the atmosphere of less than about 6 cubic centimeters/100 square inches/mil of thickness/day (cc/ 100 square inches/mil/day), preferably less than about 0.9 cc/100 square inches/mil/day.
  • the suitable barrier plastics can be formed into essentially continuous films which can be readily adhered to metal surfaces.
  • Exemplary barrier plastics are vinylidene chloride/vinyl chloride copolymers, vinylidene chloride/acrylonitrile copolymers, and copolymers of such monomers as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and acrylamide. It is further understood that blends of such polymers are also suitable.
  • the barrier plastics are the vinylidene chloride copolymers, especially those described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,617,368 to Gibbs et al.
  • the barrier plastics are preferably applied to the metal coatings in the form of latexes which form essentially continuous films upon drying at temperatures below the heat distortion point of the plastic material of the boundary wall.
  • Heat distortion point of a polymer is the minimum temperature at which an article fabricated of the polymer distorts as a result of the tendency of the polymer to resume its prefabrication shape and/or as a result of minimal outside force.
  • other forms of the barrier plastic such as solvent coatings, non-aqueous dispersions and powders are also suitably employed. Coating techniques such as dipping, spraying, powder coating, plasma jet and glow discharge and the like are suitable for applying the barrier plastic to the metal layer.
  • the quantity of the barrier plastic applied to the metal layer is in the range from about 6 to about 12,000 ug/cm preferably from about 60 to about 5,000 uglcm
  • Corresponding thicknesses of the coating of barrier plastic are in the range from about 0.001 to about 2.5 mils, preferably from about 0.01 to about 1 mil.
  • the coating of barrier plastic should be extensive enough to essentially enclose the evacuated space.
  • the barrier plastic coating is applied to at least about 95 percent of the total area of the metal layer, preferably at least about 99 percent.
  • a gas-absorbing material is added to the enclosed space prior to or after vacuumization of the space, preferably after evacuation.
  • the gas-absorbing material is a finely divided solid or mixture of finely divided solids such as carbon black and activated charcoal powder, diatomaceous earth and other carbonaceous powders resulting from pyrolysis and/or steam activation of organic materials such as coconuts, corn husks, sugar; powdered metals and metal oxides and hydroxides, e.g., barium, lithium, sodium hydroxide, calcium oxide; metal silicates, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, and finely divided, high surface area silicas.
  • porous powders of gas-absorbing solids having an average surface area of 1002,000 square meters per gam are desirable.
  • the powder has an average particle size in the range from about 10' to about 10 microns.
  • the amount of powder employed usually ranges from very small quantities such as about 0.3 gram up to large quantities which substantially fill the volume of the enclosed space. It is understood that the gas-absorbing solids capture atmospheric gases by both physical adsorption and chemical absorption mechanisms.
  • the space enclosed by the boundary wall is evacuated by any conventional vacuum pump such as one of a type used in evacuating conventional vacuuminsulated containers.
  • hermetic seal Following the addition of the gas-absorbing material to the enclosed space or evacuation of the enclosed space, whichever occurs later, the opening or openings through which the material is added and the vacuum is drawn are sealed such that a vacuum is retained (socalled hermetic seal).
  • Conventional techniques for sealing vacuum containers fabricated of other materials can be adopted to seal the boundary wall.
  • a plug of a plastic material similar to or at least fusible with the plastic material of boundary wall is inserted into each opening and rotated until friction between the plug and the surfaces proximate to the opening fuses the plug to the boundary wall and thereby forms a hermetic seal.
  • the plug may be sealed into the opening using an adhesive such as an epoxy resin.
  • EXAMPLE 1 l. Molding and Surface Treatment Styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer (/25) is molded by extrusion molding into an exterior portion of boundary wall as depicted in the drawing.
  • the wall of the exterior portion has a thickness of mils.
  • Styrene/- maleic anhydride copolymer having a heat distortion temperature of 285F at a load of 264 psi is molded by extrusion molding into an interior portion of boundary portion as depicted in the drawing.
  • the wall of the interior portion and exterior portion each have a thickness of 80 mils.
  • the exterior and interior portions are welded together by heating with an ultrasonic means to form a boundary wall in the shape of container as depicted in the drawing.
  • the inner surface of the boundary wall i.e., that surface which borders or is proximate to the enclosed space, is surface sulfonated to a degree of 1 microgram of sulfur trioxide equivalents per square centimeter by passing dry air containing 2 percent sulfur trioxide gas into the enclosed space at 25C for a period of a minute.
  • Metallization A metallizing bath is prepared by mixing one part each of the following solutions:
  • the metallized boundary wall is overcoated with a barrier plastic by dipping it into a 50 percent solids latex of vinyl chloride/acrylonitrile/sulfoethyl methacrylate (90/ 8/2) terpolymer, said latex having an average particle size of about 0.22 micron. Thereafter, the boundary wall is removed from the latex and excess latex is allowed to run off the boundary wall. The boundary wall is then dried at 60C for 15 minutes.
  • the space enclosed by the boundary wall is evacuated to a pressure of 10 mm Hg, and 80 g of activated charcoal having an average particle size of 0.2 micron is added to the enclosed space under vacuum. Prior to addition to the enclosed space, the charcoal is placed under a vacuum for a period of 48 hours at 10 mm Hg.
  • the enclosed space is sealed hermetically by inserting a plug of styrene/acrylonitrile (75/25) copolymer into the opening into the enclosed space while maintaining the vacuum and spin welding the plug to the boundary wall to form the desired plastic container having double walls retaining the vacuum.
  • a portion of the plug surface is metallized and/or coated with barrier plastic to provide the boundary wall with a continuous barrier layer.
  • the vacuum container is tested and is found to have heat insulative properties comparable to commercial glass and steel vacuum containers.
  • polystyrene strips coated with the different thicknesses of the barrier plastic, a strip of untreated polystyrene film and a strip of surface sulfonated polystyrene film are tested for oxygen permeance and the results in rate of oxygen transmission are recorded in Table II.
  • Two sulfonated strips of polystyrene film are metallized in accordance with the metallization procedure of Example 1.
  • One metallized strip is overcoated with barrier plastic by the procedure of the foregoing paragraph.
  • the resulting coated metallized strip and the uncoated metallized strip are testedfor oxygen permeance and the results in rate of oxygen transmission are recorded in Table II.
  • Barrier Plastic 1200 (0.22) 2* Silver 220 (0.01) 6.3 6.3 3* Barrier Plastic 710 (0.13) 0.43 0.43 4* Barrier Plastic 980 (0.18) 0.31 0.31 5* Barrier Plastic 1420 (0.26) 0.20 0.21 6* None, Surface sulfonated 25.0 25.2 7* None, Untreated 25.2 25.2
  • a plastic container having double wall construction capable of retaining a vacuum for a substantial period of time said container comprising a boundary wall of a normally solid, plastic material enclosing an evacuated space, a layer of metal on at least one surface of said boundary wall, an overcoating of a barrier plastic adherent to the metal layer and a gas-absorbing material residing in the evacuated space.
  • the plastic container of claim 1 wherein the thickness of the boundary wall is in the range from about 40 to about 300 mils, the thickness of the metal layer is in the range from about 0.0001 to about 0.5 mil and the thickness of the overcoating is in the range from about 0.001 to about 2.5 mils.
  • gasabsorbing material comprises activated charcoal in the form of a particulate solid.
  • plastic material of the boundary wall is a polymer of a monovinylidene aromatic carbocyclic monomer.
  • a method for making the plastic container of claim 1 comprising the steps of rendering a surface of the boundary wall water wettable, depositing a metal on the water wettablesurface to form an essentially continuous layer thereof, applying the barrier plastic in the form of a'latex to the resulting metal layer to form an essentially continuous layer of the barrier plastic adherent to the metal layer, evacuating the enclosed space, adding a gas-absorbing material to the enclosed space and hermetically sealing the evacuated space from the atmosphere.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Chemically Coating (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
US05305451 1972-11-10 1972-11-10 Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum Expired - Lifetime US3828960A (en)

Priority Applications (17)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05305451 US3828960A (en) 1972-11-10 1972-11-10 Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum
US36256173 US3916048A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-05-21 Barrier plastic articles
US38974873 US3856172A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-08-20 Vacuumized plastic cap for heat insulating containers
CA184,019A CA985646A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-10-23 Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum; barrier plastic articles; vacuumized plastic cap for heat insulating containers
AU62002/73A AU482844B2 (en) 1973-10-30 Plastic articles for making vacuum containers
DK594973A DK143587C (da) 1972-11-10 1973-11-02 Vakuumbeholder og fremgangsmaade til fremstilling deraf
DE19732355250 DE2355250A1 (de) 1972-11-10 1973-11-05 Waermeisolierende vakuumbehaelter und -kappen und verfahren zu deren herstellung
NL7315134A NL7315134A (fr) 1972-11-10 1973-11-05
JP12457073A JPS5643859B2 (fr) 1972-11-10 1973-11-07
IT5356473A IT997790B (it) 1972-11-10 1973-11-08 Oggetto di plastica con parete impermeabile al gas e procedimento per produrlo
BE137562A BE807107A (fr) 1972-11-10 1973-11-09 Recipients et bouchons isolants en matiere plastique
SE7315246A SE400023B (sv) 1972-11-10 1973-11-09 Dubbelveggsuppbyggd artikel samt forfarande for dess framstellning
FR7339962A FR2206245B1 (fr) 1972-11-10 1973-11-09
GB5218373A GB1439475A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-11-09 Plastics articles
BR879873A BR7308798D0 (pt) 1972-11-10 1973-11-09 Artigos de plastico e processo para sua producao
CH1576273A CH561531A5 (fr) 1972-11-10 1973-11-09
US497588A US3921844A (en) 1972-11-10 1974-08-15 Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US05305451 US3828960A (en) 1972-11-10 1972-11-10 Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum
US36256173 US3916048A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-05-21 Barrier plastic articles
US38974873 US3856172A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-08-20 Vacuumized plastic cap for heat insulating containers

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US497588A Continuation-In-Part US3921844A (en) 1972-11-10 1974-08-15 Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum

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US05305451 Expired - Lifetime US3828960A (en) 1972-11-10 1972-11-10 Heat insulating container having plastic walls retaining vacuum
US36256173 Expired - Lifetime US3916048A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-05-21 Barrier plastic articles
US38974873 Expired - Lifetime US3856172A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-08-20 Vacuumized plastic cap for heat insulating containers

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US36256173 Expired - Lifetime US3916048A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-05-21 Barrier plastic articles
US38974873 Expired - Lifetime US3856172A (en) 1972-11-10 1973-08-20 Vacuumized plastic cap for heat insulating containers

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (3) US3828960A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5643859B2 (fr)
BE (1) BE807107A (fr)
CA (1) CA985646A (fr)
CH (1) CH561531A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE2355250A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK143587C (fr)
FR (1) FR2206245B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1439475A (fr)
IT (1) IT997790B (fr)
NL (1) NL7315134A (fr)
SE (1) SE400023B (fr)

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US4457977A (en) * 1981-09-30 1984-07-03 The Dow Chemical Company Metallized plastic articles
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WO1999036726A1 (fr) * 1998-01-15 1999-07-22 Cabot Corporation Panneaux a vide isolant a purge automatique
WO2000044629A1 (fr) * 1999-01-30 2000-08-03 Krupp Corpoplast Maschinenbau Gmbh Dispositif pour loger des produits et procede de production dudit dispositif
US20030091741A1 (en) * 2001-11-13 2003-05-15 Schmoyer Thomas E. Apparatus and method for sulfonating an article and articles made therefrom
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US20080218566A1 (en) * 2007-03-07 2008-09-11 Malik Craig L Metallized print head container and method
US20080251573A1 (en) * 2005-09-23 2008-10-16 Airsec One Piece Container with Hinged Cap/Lid
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US20100034996A1 (en) * 2008-08-09 2010-02-11 Lawrence Mott Asymmetrical flexible edge seal for vacuum insulating glass
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US20110036802A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2011-02-17 Shiseido International France Perfume bottle
US20140339205A1 (en) * 2013-05-14 2014-11-20 Thermos (Jiangsu) Housewares Co., Ltd. Vacuum sealing method for heat insulating vessel
CN104254640A (zh) * 2011-12-05 2014-12-31 蓝波股份有限公司 包含金属化二环戊二烯聚合物的构建体及其生产方法
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US12043470B2 (en) 2017-05-09 2024-07-23 Cold Chain Technologies, Llc Shipping system for storing and/or transporting temperature-sensitive materials
CN107878897A (zh) * 2017-12-27 2018-04-06 洛阳明创矿山冶金设备有限公司 一种冶金用备件储存保护装置
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FR2206245A1 (fr) 1974-06-07
SE400023B (sv) 1978-03-13
FR2206245B1 (fr) 1976-10-01
CH561531A5 (fr) 1975-05-15
DE2355250A1 (de) 1974-05-16
JPS49134483A (fr) 1974-12-24
IT997790B (it) 1975-12-30
US3856172A (en) 1974-12-24
GB1439475A (en) 1976-06-16
BE807107A (fr) 1974-05-09
DK143587C (da) 1982-02-15
CA985646A (en) 1976-03-16
NL7315134A (fr) 1974-05-14
US3916048A (en) 1975-10-28
AU6200273A (en) 1975-05-01
DK143587B (da) 1981-09-14
JPS5643859B2 (fr) 1981-10-15

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