US3828404A - Commingling jet for multifilament yarn - Google Patents

Commingling jet for multifilament yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3828404A
US3828404A US00347770A US34777073A US3828404A US 3828404 A US3828404 A US 3828404A US 00347770 A US00347770 A US 00347770A US 34777073 A US34777073 A US 34777073A US 3828404 A US3828404 A US 3828404A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
orifices
passageway
effective diameter
offset
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00347770A
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English (en)
Inventor
F Peckinpaugh
W Stables
R Biron
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Allied Corp
Original Assignee
Allied Chemical Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Allied Chemical Corp filed Critical Allied Chemical Corp
Priority to US00347770A priority Critical patent/US3828404A/en
Priority to CA192,774A priority patent/CA1001394A/en
Priority to GB901374A priority patent/GB1442257A/en
Priority to BR1569/74A priority patent/BR7401569D0/pt
Priority to DE2412449A priority patent/DE2412449A1/de
Priority to FR7410381A priority patent/FR2224565B1/fr
Priority to NL7404404A priority patent/NL7404404A/xx
Priority to CH461474A priority patent/CH572998A5/xx
Priority to IT42613/74A priority patent/IT1010885B/it
Priority to AT272874A priority patent/AT340566B/de
Priority to LU69770A priority patent/LU69770A1/xx
Priority to DE2416205A priority patent/DE2416205C2/de
Priority to BE142781A priority patent/BE813223A/fr
Priority to FR7412028A priority patent/FR2224566A1/fr
Priority to JP3843274A priority patent/JPS5738697B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3828404A publication Critical patent/US3828404A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/08—Interlacing constituent filaments without breakage thereof, e.g. by use of turbulent air streams

Definitions

  • the apparatus comprises an elongated body having a straight yarn passageway with at least three orifices substantially equally spaced about the periphery of the body at substantially the same level.
  • the orifice centcrlines are offset so that they do not intersect with the center of the effective diameter of the yarn passageway.
  • These orifices are drilled with a particular eccentricity, and communicate with a source of high pressure fluid which flows through the orifices into the yarn passageway causing yarn passing linearly through the passageway to have filaments commingled with one another.
  • This improved process of entangling multifilament yarn can operate at from about 500 to about 8,000 feet per minute.
  • This invention relates to an improved method and apparatus for commingling or entangling multifilament textile yarn by passing a continuous strand of this yarn through a yarn passageway and directing high pressure fluid from orifices onto it.
  • the method and apparatus of this invention has shown a much more efficient entangling operation using up to 75 percent less air and costing as little as one-tenth of the cost of the prior art devices, with a much quieter operation.
  • the method and apparatus can be used at speeds from 500 to 8,000 feet per minute.
  • the improved apparatus for commingling continuous multifilament yarn of this invention comprises an elongated body having a straight yarn passageway passingthrough the elongated body and at least three orifices substantially equally spaced about the periphery of the elongated body at substantially the same level.
  • the orifices communicate with a source of high pressure fluid.
  • the high pressure fluid flows through the orifice into the yarn passageway causing swirling fluids so that any yarn passing linearly through the yarn passageway would have filaments commingled with one another.
  • effective diameter is meant a diameter of the largest circle which fits within and yet is tangent to the opposite sidesof the narrowest dimension across the yarn passageway.
  • a circular yarn passageway has the same effective diameter as the actual passageway diameter.
  • a polygonal passageway such as a rectangle would have an effective diameter equal to the narrowest dimension of the polygon.
  • a rectangular yarn passageway would have an effective diameter equal to the narrowest dimension of the rectangle.
  • a yarn entry slot may be present in the device to ease string up, but is not necessary.
  • the fluid can bev any fluid which can be jetted through an orifice such as nitrogen, steam or possibly even liquids.
  • the preferred fluid is air.
  • the fluid pressure of between 30 and psig is preferred. This results in a maximum air consumption of about 10 standard cubic feet per minute for each commingling device. Compare this to about 60 SCFM consumption with the device of U.S. Pat. No. 3,473,315.
  • Tension on the yarn passing though the commingling device can be any tension which gives the desired amount of commingling.
  • the preferred range is from about'0.03 to about 0.2 gram per denier.
  • This specific commingling jet provides strong tie points in the entangled yarn, that is, the points of entanglement in the yarn are much harder to pull apart than the prior art entanglements.
  • This commingling jet provides a very good uniformity of entanglements. That is, the entanglement tie points occur at regular lengths along the length of the yarn and the strength of each individual tie point is substantially the same.
  • this commingling jet has low skip area, that is, the length between tie points is not very long, it may be used at yarn speeds of 5,000 or even up to 8,000 feet per minute. It may be used for entangling all types of synthetic yarns, particularly textured carpet yarn. It reduces the splaying of yarn during subsequent handling operations.
  • An additional improvement has been found in a double V-shaped guide to constrain the yarn as it enters and as it exits from the commingling jet of this invention.
  • the bore size of the commingling .jet where the yarn passes through varies, depending on yarn denier. For example, for 1,300 denier yarn, a 0.156 inch bore is preferred and for 2,600 denier yarn, a 0.180 inch bore is preferred.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross section of the plan view of the commingling device at the orifice level.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section in elevation of the commingling device.
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the commingling deviceshowing the string-up slot.
  • FIG. 4 is an isometric view of the commingling jet of FIG. 6 is a partial cross section of the commingling device showing the circumference of the effective yarn passageway with extended orifice centerlines.
  • the device of this invention has been successfully used to commingle a single and two ends of 1,300 denier 70 filament textured carpet yarns.
  • the operating pressure range was between 60 to 90 psig .and the air consumption was approximately 8 to l 1 standard cubic feet per minute at this range of pressure.
  • the operating yarn tensions were between 0.03 to 0.20 grams per denier.
  • Yarn entanglement levels can be as high as 50 or more entanglements per meter for 2600/ 140 denier yarns (two ends of 1300 denier 70 filament) at 3,000 and 5,000 feet per minute.
  • carpets were tufted from yarn commingled by the device of this invention on scroll and slat machines with good performance and overall appearance, hand, apparent weight, etc.
  • shag carpets were made of individually commingled ends of light and dark dyed 1300 denier 70 filament yarn which were equivalent to carpets of non-commingled ends on all counts.
  • the typical dimensions of the commingling device used above were as follows.
  • the circular yarn passageway length was 1 inch.
  • the yarn passageway diameter was 0.180 inch.
  • Three orifices were used at /z inch from top. Each orifice diameter was 0.055 inch.
  • the special entanglement test is based on the hookdrop test in U.S. Pat. No. 2,985,995, May 30, 1961. This test has been modified to the special entanglement per meter test as follows. An entanglement among the filaments in the yarn bundle is so identified when it has the cohesion to trigger" a needle which is allowed to slowly move through the yarn. The entanglement tester counts the number of times a needle with a 70 gram trigger pull in a horizontally moving yarn is stopped. The instrument counts the stop, raises the needle, moves a fresh portion of yarn under the needle, inserts the needle and starts the yarn moving. The instrument stops the test when the needle has moved through 2 meters of yarn. Approximately 1 meter of yarn by-passes the needle between needle insertions.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional plan view at the orifice level of a commingling device of this invention.
  • Inner body 1 has yarn passageway 2 passing longitudinally through it.
  • Inner body 1 also has offset orifices 3 spaced substantially equally about the diameter of yarn passageway 2. These orifices are offset so that the centerline of each orifice, if extended, would not pass through the centerline of the yarn passageway 2.
  • Orifices 3 communicate with manifold 4 which in turn communicates with large orifice 7 in register with tube fitting 6 which is secured to outer body 5.
  • Outer body also contains a string-up slot defined by the surfaces labeled 8 and 9. The string-up slot has a flared opening 10.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevation view cross section at A-A on FIG. 1 of the commingling device of this invention.
  • Like numbers indicate the same apparatus as in FIG. 1.
  • Yarn Y is shown passing through guide 11 above yarn passageway 2.
  • Guide 11 and another guide identical below the commingling device keep the yarn Y centered through yarn passageway 2 to effect more efficient commingling.
  • FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the commingling device of this invention.
  • like numbers indicate the same parts of the apparatus as in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is an external isometric view of the commingling jet. Like numbers indicate the same parts of the apparatus as in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is an isometric view of the double V-shaped guide of this invention, used to align the yarn on both sides of the commingling jet.
  • Opposing V-shaped ceramic guides 13 are mounted in lugs 11 and 12 projecting at top and bottom from body 14 of the guide.
  • the guide is mounted to a stationary fixture with rod 15. It can be used to replace guide 11 in FIG. 2.
  • another double V-shaped guide could be used at the exit of the device of FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a partial cross section at the orifice level of the commingling device of this invention, showing the offset orifice centerlines and centerlines extended.
  • Inner body 1 has yarn passageway 2 or bore extending through it in a longitudinal direction and orifices 3 in a transverse direction, as shown.
  • Slot surfaces 8 and 9 define the string-up slot in body 1.
  • Bore centerline or radius lines B all intersect the center or midpoint of the effective diameter C.
  • Orifice centerlines O' are all offset from bore centerlines as shown. Note that the orifice centerlines O and 0 are offset to the left of respective bore centerlines B, and B when visualized as looking into the bore through the orifice from the outside of the body 1.
  • orifice centerlines O is offset counter to O and 0 that is, 0 is offset to the right of bore centerline B visualized as above.
  • These orifice centerlines O intersect near the center, to form triangle T, which does not include the center of the effective diameter C and measures at least 0.1 but less than 7.5 percent of the effective diameter across each side, and is located at a distance of greater than 0.1 percent but less than 5.0 percent of the effective diameter away from C with a side ofT closer to C than an apex of T.
  • EXAMPLE l An extended run using the device of this invention to produce over 2.5 million pounds of yarn was made with 1300 denier 7 0 filament textured yarn at 3,000 feet/- min. yarn speed using a device of 0.156 inch diameter bore and 0.055 inch diameter orifice holes. Results are shown in Table I below.
  • the offset column refers to the orifices O O and 0 shown in FIG. 6.
  • EPM stands for entanglements per meter, tested as described above.
  • the offset numbers are in thousandths of an inch away from the corresponding line labeled B. By right" and left” is meant the orifices are offset to the right or left of the bore radius lines B visualized as looking in toward the bore.
  • Run 3 forms a triangle which is nearly a point, thus (X001) Inches does not have a side of sufficient length, namely, at Position I O2 O3 5 least 0.1 percent of the effective diameter.
  • An improved apparatus for commingling multifilag 3' Z 5 5g ment yarn comprising an elongated body having 10 4 22 a straight yarn passageway passing through said elon- 11 a. a 10 gated body 13 6 27 at least three orifices substantially equally spaced 14 4 5 3.5 v 32 about the periphery of said body at substantially ⁇ g 2 i 33 the same level, 17 3.5 5 3 36 at least two of said orifices having an extended cen- 13 2 29 l 5 terline offset to one side from the radius of a circle 4 if, of the effective diameter of a cross section of said 21 5 2 27 yarn passageway at the orifice level and at least one 3; unlfnown gg Unk3nown of said orifices centerlines offset in a direction 24 2.5 4.5 3 31 counter to the said other offset or1fices, and so that 25 3 5 3 25 20 none of said extended centerlines intersect the cen- 26 3 5 3,5 23 ter of said
  • EPM means entanglements per meter measured as defined uhove.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US00347770A 1973-04-04 1973-04-04 Commingling jet for multifilament yarn Expired - Lifetime US3828404A (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00347770A US3828404A (en) 1973-04-04 1973-04-04 Commingling jet for multifilament yarn
CA192,774A CA1001394A (en) 1973-04-04 1974-02-18 Commingling jet and process for multifilament yarn
GB901374A GB1442257A (en) 1973-04-04 1974-02-27 Method and device for commingling multifilament yarn
BR1569/74A BR7401569D0 (pt) 1973-04-04 1974-03-04 Aparelho aperfeicoado para misturar intinamente fio multifilamentar e processo aperfeicoado para a realizacao da mistura
DE2412449A DE2412449A1 (de) 1973-04-04 1974-03-15 Vermischungsgiesskopf und herstellungsverfahren fuer ein mehrfadengarn
FR7410381A FR2224565B1 (fr) 1973-04-04 1974-03-26
NL7404404A NL7404404A (fr) 1973-04-04 1974-04-01
IT42613/74A IT1010885B (it) 1973-04-04 1974-04-02 Processo e dispositivo per mischia re rispettivamente intrecciare filati
CH461474A CH572998A5 (fr) 1973-04-04 1974-04-02
AT272874A AT340566B (de) 1973-04-04 1974-04-02 Vorrichtung zum verwirren bzw. verfitzen von mehrfadigem garn
LU69770A LU69770A1 (fr) 1973-04-04 1974-04-02
DE2416205A DE2416205C2 (de) 1973-04-04 1974-04-03 Vorrichtung zum Verflechten von Multifilamentgarnen
BE142781A BE813223A (fr) 1973-04-04 1974-04-03 Procede et dispositif pour emmeler ou enchevetrer les filamentsde file multifilamentaire
FR7412028A FR2224566A1 (fr) 1973-04-04 1974-04-04
JP3843274A JPS5738697B2 (fr) 1973-04-04 1974-04-04

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00347770A US3828404A (en) 1973-04-04 1973-04-04 Commingling jet for multifilament yarn

Publications (1)

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US3828404A true US3828404A (en) 1974-08-13

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00347770A Expired - Lifetime US3828404A (en) 1973-04-04 1973-04-04 Commingling jet for multifilament yarn

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3828404A (fr)
JP (1) JPS5738697B2 (fr)
AT (1) AT340566B (fr)
BE (1) BE813223A (fr)
BR (1) BR7401569D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA1001394A (fr)
CH (1) CH572998A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE2412449A1 (fr)
FR (2) FR2224565B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1442257A (fr)
IT (1) IT1010885B (fr)
LU (1) LU69770A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL7404404A (fr)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3952386A (en) * 1972-05-26 1976-04-27 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Apparatus for interlacing strands of a textile yarn
US4164841A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-08-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for continuous formation of bulked and entangled multifilament yarn
US4295253A (en) * 1978-10-12 1981-10-20 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for texturizing filament bundles
US4392285A (en) * 1981-10-19 1983-07-12 Allied Corporation Device having yarn passage of specified dimensions for interlacing filaments of multifilament yarn
EP0189099A1 (fr) * 1985-01-19 1986-07-30 B a r m a g AG Tuyère pour la texturation d'un fil
US4639986A (en) * 1981-04-01 1987-02-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Filament jet entangler
US4691947A (en) * 1985-01-19 1987-09-08 Barmag Ag Yarn texturing nozzle
US4724588A (en) * 1985-07-20 1988-02-16 Barmag Ag Yarn texturing nozzle
US5148586A (en) * 1991-02-05 1992-09-22 Basf Corporation Crimped continuous filament yarn with color-point heather appearance
US5157819A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-27 Basf Corporation Modular yarn interlacer
US5275618A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-01-04 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same
EP0625600A1 (fr) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-23 Heberlein Maschinenfabrik AG Dispositif pour le traitement d'un moins un fil multifilament
US6088892A (en) * 1996-02-15 2000-07-18 Heberlein Fibertechnology, Inc. Method of aerodynamic texturing, texturing nozzle, nozzle head and use thereof
US6449938B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2002-09-17 Goulston Technologies, Inc. Advanced finish nozzle system
US20060096270A1 (en) * 2004-11-10 2006-05-11 Keith Kenneth H Yarn manufacturing apparatus and method

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5225144A (en) * 1975-08-20 1977-02-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Bulk processing method of synthetic fiber
IT1076859B (it) * 1977-01-24 1985-04-27 Montefibre Spa Dispositivo perfezionato per l'interblacciamento di fili continui multibava

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3751775A (en) * 1972-06-07 1973-08-14 Allied Chem Apparatus and process for commingling multifilament yarn

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3009309A (en) * 1956-07-16 1961-11-21 Du Pont Fluid jet twist crimping process
GB1178753A (en) * 1967-05-10 1970-01-21 Ici Ltd Improvements in or relating to Intermingling Jets for Multifilament Yarn
US3443292A (en) * 1968-05-31 1969-05-13 Du Pont Apparatus for interlacing multi-filament yarn

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3751775A (en) * 1972-06-07 1973-08-14 Allied Chem Apparatus and process for commingling multifilament yarn

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3952386A (en) * 1972-05-26 1976-04-27 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Apparatus for interlacing strands of a textile yarn
US4164841A (en) * 1977-10-03 1979-08-21 Phillips Petroleum Company Method and apparatus for continuous formation of bulked and entangled multifilament yarn
US4295253A (en) * 1978-10-12 1981-10-20 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for texturizing filament bundles
US4639986A (en) * 1981-04-01 1987-02-03 Phillips Petroleum Company Filament jet entangler
US4392285A (en) * 1981-10-19 1983-07-12 Allied Corporation Device having yarn passage of specified dimensions for interlacing filaments of multifilament yarn
EP0189099A1 (fr) * 1985-01-19 1986-07-30 B a r m a g AG Tuyère pour la texturation d'un fil
US4691947A (en) * 1985-01-19 1987-09-08 Barmag Ag Yarn texturing nozzle
US4724588A (en) * 1985-07-20 1988-02-16 Barmag Ag Yarn texturing nozzle
US5148586A (en) * 1991-02-05 1992-09-22 Basf Corporation Crimped continuous filament yarn with color-point heather appearance
US5157819A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-27 Basf Corporation Modular yarn interlacer
US5275618A (en) * 1991-11-13 1994-01-04 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same
US5423859A (en) * 1991-11-13 1995-06-13 United States Surgical Corporation Jet entangled suture yarn and method for making same
EP0625600A1 (fr) * 1993-05-11 1994-11-23 Heberlein Maschinenfabrik AG Dispositif pour le traitement d'un moins un fil multifilament
CN1037118C (zh) * 1993-05-11 1998-01-21 希伯莱因机械股份公司 用于处理至少一条运行中的复丝纱的装置
US5713113A (en) * 1993-05-11 1998-02-03 Heberlein Maschinenfabrik Ag Device for treating at least one running multifilament yarn
US6088892A (en) * 1996-02-15 2000-07-18 Heberlein Fibertechnology, Inc. Method of aerodynamic texturing, texturing nozzle, nozzle head and use thereof
US6449938B1 (en) 2000-05-24 2002-09-17 Goulston Technologies, Inc. Advanced finish nozzle system
US20060096270A1 (en) * 2004-11-10 2006-05-11 Keith Kenneth H Yarn manufacturing apparatus and method
US7406818B2 (en) 2004-11-10 2008-08-05 Columbia Insurance Company Yarn manufacturing apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
LU69770A1 (fr) 1974-11-21
JPS49126945A (fr) 1974-12-05
CA1001394A (en) 1976-12-14
FR2224565B1 (fr) 1977-10-07
DE2416205A1 (de) 1974-10-24
GB1442257A (en) 1976-07-14
BR7401569D0 (pt) 1974-11-05
DE2412449A1 (de) 1974-10-24
FR2224565A1 (fr) 1974-10-31
NL7404404A (fr) 1974-10-08
FR2224566A1 (fr) 1974-10-31
DE2416205C2 (de) 1984-04-26
AT340566B (de) 1977-12-27
CH572998A5 (fr) 1976-02-27
ATA272874A (de) 1977-04-15
JPS5738697B2 (fr) 1982-08-17
BE813223A (fr) 1974-10-03
IT1010885B (it) 1977-01-20

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