US3824508A - Electromagnetic repulsion device actuating the movable contact member of a circuit interrupter - Google Patents

Electromagnetic repulsion device actuating the movable contact member of a circuit interrupter Download PDF

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Publication number
US3824508A
US3824508A US00362267A US36226773A US3824508A US 3824508 A US3824508 A US 3824508A US 00362267 A US00362267 A US 00362267A US 36226773 A US36226773 A US 36226773A US 3824508 A US3824508 A US 3824508A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
contact member
movable contact
induction
circuit
current
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00362267A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Terracol
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Merlin Gerin SA
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Merlin Gerin SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H01H73/045—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
    • H01H77/107—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops
    • H01H77/108—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops comprising magnetisable elements, e.g. flux concentrator, linear slot motor

Definitions

  • the contacts are opened independently of the normal movable-contact operating mechanism (which may comprise an electromagnetic tripping relay'sensitive to the short-circuit current flowing through the apparatus) upon the occurrence of fault currents of predetermined value.
  • the object is to rapidly develop a relatively high voltage drop in the circuit in which the interrupter is-inserted in order to limit the peak value of the expected shortcircuit current.
  • a voltage-drop introducing arc must be initiated and developed between the separating contacts in extremely short time, typically of the order of a couple of milliseconds or less, depending on the value of the short-circuit current available.
  • Electromagnetic movable-contact operating devices have also been proposed.
  • One of the devices of this kind has the movable contact itself disposed in the air gap of an energized magnetic circuit whereby the current flowing through the contact interacts with the magnetic field in the air gap to produce a Laplace force tending to move the contact.
  • Such a system is simple and effective but impracticable in case of high ratedcurrent levels because of the bulkiness of the movable contact which calls for a relatively wide air gap increasing the reluctance of the magnetic circuit in a prohibitive way.
  • the electromagnetic, repulsion actuating the movable contact member of a circuit interrupter is produced by currents which are induced in a relatively small induction-plate secured to the movable contact means and inserted in the air gap of a magnetic circuit energized by the very short-circuit current flowing through the circuit interrupter.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation, partially in cross section of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view taken through line II -'II of FIG. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows II II;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation of the movable contact means of another embodiment according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevation, partially in cross section of a third embodiment according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view taken through line V V of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view taken through line VI-VI of FIG. 4 of the magnetic circuit.
  • a circuit interrupter (which is not further shown) comprising a translational movable bridging contact member 10 carrying a pair of opposed contacts 12 and 14 adapted for engagement with a pair of opposite stationary contacts 16 and 18 carried by a pair of currentsupply conductors 20 and 22, respectively.
  • a generally loop-shaped magnetic circuit 24 surrounds the movable contact member 10 and has confronting pole faces defining a relatively small air gap 26.
  • the contact member 10 carries a depending keel-shaped projection 28 so as to present a generally T-shaped cross section, as shown.
  • the contacts 12 to 18 may be main or arcing contacts.
  • a circuit interrupter comprising a combination of main and arcing contacts will be described hereinafter.
  • the movable contact member 10 defines a main current path for the current flowing through the circuit interrupter successively through the parts 20, 16, 12, 10, 14, 18 and 22 or vice-versa.
  • the main current path in the embodiment shown is parallel to the plane of the paper of FIG. 1 and perpendicular to the plane of the paper of F IG. 2, as shown schematically by the current line carrying the arrow i in the embodiment shown, the movable contact member is guided for vertical translation as viewed in FIG. 1 but it will be understood that the invention is also applicable to pivotally mounted contact members.
  • the contact pairs 12, 16 and l4, 18 may be replaced by a single contact pair, especially in case of a pivotally mounted contact member.
  • the elongated induction-plate 28 extends a length parallel and adja- 3 cent to the main current path and defines thus a path for secondary currents which is in shunting relation with the main path.
  • This device operates as follows:
  • the current flows through the upper part of the contact member 10 along the main current path in the direction of the arrow i or in the opposite direction.
  • the fraction of the current flowing through the induction-plate 28 is negligible.
  • the current i energizes the magnetic circuit 24 and generates a magnetic field inthe air gap 26 directed along the arrow B or in the opposite direction, depending on the direction of the instantaneous current.
  • the rapid rising of this current and the corresponding'rapid rising of the magnetic induction B in the air gap 26 induces secondary currents i in the induction-plate 28 whereby the return path of these loopcurrents merges with the main path of the current in the upper part of the current member 10 as shown-in FIG. 1.
  • the value of the current i is of the same order as the value of the current i and the whole operates as a transformer of ratio 1:]. In fact, the result is as if the whole short-circuit current were initially deviated towards the induction-plate.
  • the current i in the induction-plate 28 interacts with the magnetic induction B to produce a force F directed perpendicularly to the instantaneous directions of the current lines i and of the magnetic field lines B.
  • This force tends to expel the induction-plate upward from the air gap 26 thereby vigorously opening the contacts before the nor-,
  • the small reluctance of the magnetic circuit 24'resulting from the small width of the air gap 26 provides a magnetic field of high value acting on the current lines in the induction-plate.
  • the force F acts on a movable contact member having a small inertia thereby producing a high acceleration and a rapid opening of the contacts.
  • the conventional electrodynamic effect due to the loopshape of the current flowing through the parts 20, 10 and 22 increases the force F.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the current lines of the secondary current i are canalized in order to increase the repulsion force F.
  • the central part'of the induction-plate 28 carries a longitudinally extending slot or groove 30 and the shunt path is created by connecting the end portions 32 and 34 of the lower part of the induction-plate to the movable contact 10 defintute a unitary structure therewith. The active part of the current lines i is thus increased.
  • the pole faces of the magnetic circuit may be coextensive with the shunt path 34, 28, 32 or overlap a part of the opening 30 to increase the magnetic coupling between the contact member 10 and the induction-plate 28.
  • the opening may be filled with ferromagnetic material wrapped with electrically insulating material. The separation between the main and the shunt path may also be brought about by one or more parallel insulating layers.
  • the induction-plate 28 is preferably of conducting non-ferromagnetic material but it is conceivable to make the induction-plate of ferromagnetic material only in which case the useful force F is partially counterbalanced by magnetic attractive forces.
  • FIGS. 4 to 6 represent another embodiment of the invention.
  • a movable contact member 10 carries again a pair of movable contacts 12 and 14 which cooperate with a pair of stationary contacts 16 and 18 carried by a pair of stationary supply conductors 20 and 22, respectively, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the movable contact member 10 carries again a pair of movable contacts 12 and 14 which cooperate with a pair of stationary contacts 16 and 18 carried by a pair of stationary supply conductors 20 and 22, respectively, as in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the movable bridging contact member 10 carries again a keel-shaped induction-plate 28 extending longitudinally in the air gap 26 of a magnetic circuit 38, at least as long as the contacts are in the closed-circuit position thereof shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the magnetic circuit 38 comprises a generally rectangular yoke 39 of ferromagnetic material (FIG. 6) the medianv portion of which is bridged by a pair of upper ferromagnetic trans verse plates 36 and 36' defining the air gap 26 between their confronting pole faces.
  • the left portion of the magnetic circuit is energized by thetraversing conductor 20 and the right side by the conductor 22so that the magnetic fluxes produced in the air gap 26 are added together.
  • a pair of arcing contacts 40 and 42 is associated with the main contacts 16 and 12 and a pair of arcing contacts 40 and 42 cooperates with the main contacts 18 and 14 (from now on the right-hand elements corresponding to the symmetrical left-hand elements are designated by the same reference characters marked by a prime).
  • the stationary arcing contacts and 4 0 are supported by brackets 46 and 46', respec tively, carried by the respective conductors 20 and 22. If desired, the arcing contacts 40 and 40 may also be mounted in a semistationary manner on the conductors so as to permit a limited displacement of these contacts in the direction of the opening movement of the associated contacts 42 and 42 under the action of appropriate springs (not shown) in a well-known manner.
  • the movable arcing contacts 42 and 42' are mounted on support pins 48 and 48 which are slidably supported and guided by a bar 50 secured to the movable contact member 10. Pins 48 and 48 carry stops 52.and
  • the arms 56 and 56' are carried by a plate 58 having two holes accomodating two lost-motion bolts 60 and 60 secured to the assembly of the bar 50 and of the movable contact member 10.
  • Upper stops 62 and 62 on the bolts 60 and 60' limit the movement of the plate 58 away from the movable contact member 10 and a pair of compression springs 64 and 64' tend to take up the lost motion and to urge the plate 58 against the stops 62 and 62'.
  • the normal opening and closing mechanism of. the circuit interrupter comprises a control plate 68 the vertical (as viewed in FIGS. 4 and 5) sliding movement of which is in turn controlled by a toggle mechanism 78 having one end pivotally mounted on a stationary axis 79 and another end pivotally mounted on a lug 81 secured to the plate 68.
  • the stretching and collapsing movement of the toggle mechanism 78 is controlled in any well-known appropriate manner as by a manual or automatic tripping mechanism (not shown).
  • a pair of guide rods and 80' on the plate 68 traverse holes in plate 58 to guide the translational movement of the latter relative to the control plate 68 and a pair of stops 83 and 83' secured to the lower part of the guide rods 80 and 80' limit the movement of the plate 58 away from the control plate 68.
  • a compression spring 66 surrounding a spring guide 67 secured to the control plate 68 tends to move the plates 68 and 58 away from each other.
  • the plate 58 is rigidly connected to a lower armature plate 72 by a pair of rods 70 and 70 which traverse the plates 36 and 36 and the yoke 39, and chamfered edges 82 and 82' of the armature plate 72 define with corresponding chamfered edges 86 and 86 of the magnetic circuit 39 a pair of air gaps 74 and 74 in the closed-circuit position of the apparatus shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • This interrupter operates as follows:
  • the current induced in the induction-plate 28 upon a rapid rising of the short-circuit current suffices to lift the assembly 10, 50 against the opposing action of the springs 64 and 64.
  • the inertia of the moved mass is relatively small and the opening movement is accelerated by the electrodynamic forces resulting from the loopconfiguration of the supply conductors and the bridging contact.
  • the main contacts open and transfer the current instantaneously to the arcing contacts which separate then to draw arcs which are immediately transferred to .the arc chutes 76 and 76.
  • the plate 58 remains in position. Subsequently, if the short-circuit current persists, the attraction of the armature 72 becomes effective to move the plate 58 upward to maintain the arcing contacts in open-circuit position pending the action of the normal tripping mechanism.
  • An electromagnetic repulsion device causing under predetermined fault current conditions the separation of the separable contact means of a circuit interrupter by imparting motion to a movable contact member of said contact means, said movable contact member defining therein a main current path for the current flowing under normal-service conditions through said movable contact member in the closed-circuit position thereof, said device comprising:
  • a magnetic circuit energized by the current flowing through said circuit interrupter and having closely elongated conducting induction-plate means extending a length parallel with and adjacent to said path betweensaid pole faces in said gap means when said movable contact member is in said closedcircuit position, said induction-plate means being movable with said movable contact member and electrically connected thereto in shunting relation so that the rising of said fault current and the resulting rising of the magnitude of said magnetic field induce in said induction-plate means a secondary current linking said magnetic field and tending to repel said induction-plate means from said gap means to cause said separation of said contact means.
  • said magnetic circuit having a loop-shaped configuration surrounding said movable contact member.
  • a device according to claim 2, said movable contact member and said induction-plate means forming a unitary structure having a generally T-shaped cross section.
  • said movable contact member being comprised of a bridge contact guided for translatory motion perpendicularly to said longitudinal direction and to the direction of said magnetic field.
  • said movable contact member comprising a relatively wide generally bar-shaped bridge-type contact member defining said path and a relatively thin generally keel-shaped projection depending therefrom and constituting said induction plate means.
  • a device according to claim 1, the longitudinally opposed end portions of said induction plate means being electrically connected to said movable contact member, the intermediate portion of said induction plate means being electrically insulated from said movable contact member.
  • said induction plate means comprising a portion of ferromagnetic material.
  • said mechanical connection means comprising lost-motion means.
  • a device according to claim 10 comprising resilient contact pressure means tending to close said contact means to take up the lost motion of said lostmotion means.
  • a device according to claim 9, said movable contact member carrying main contact means, said device further comprising arcing contact means cooperating with are extinguishing means and connected to said movable contact member by lost-motion means.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
US00362267A 1972-05-26 1973-05-21 Electromagnetic repulsion device actuating the movable contact member of a circuit interrupter Expired - Lifetime US3824508A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7219239A FR2185853B1 (sv) 1972-05-26 1972-05-26
FR7324319A FR2237302B2 (sv) 1972-05-26 1973-07-02
FR7424461A FR2278147A2 (fr) 1972-05-26 1974-07-12 Dispositif de deplacement rapide d'un contact electrique
FR7424460A FR2278146A2 (fr) 1972-05-26 1974-07-12 Dispositif de deplacement rapide d'un contact electrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3824508A true US3824508A (en) 1974-07-16

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US00362267A Expired - Lifetime US3824508A (en) 1972-05-26 1973-05-21 Electromagnetic repulsion device actuating the movable contact member of a circuit interrupter
US05/592,017 Expired - Lifetime US4001738A (en) 1972-05-26 1975-06-30 Circuit interrupter having an electromagnetic repulsion device

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US05/592,017 Expired - Lifetime US4001738A (en) 1972-05-26 1975-06-30 Circuit interrupter having an electromagnetic repulsion device

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US (2) US3824508A (sv)
BE (3) BE799866A (sv)
CH (1) CH582950A5 (sv)
DE (3) DE2326117C2 (sv)
FR (4) FR2185853B1 (sv)
GB (2) GB1405377A (sv)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3959753A (en) * 1974-01-25 1976-05-25 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Circuit interrupter with load side short circuit
US3991391A (en) * 1974-01-29 1976-11-09 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Circuit interrupter with electromagnetic opening means
US4013984A (en) * 1975-08-22 1977-03-22 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Current limiting circuit breaker
US4025883A (en) * 1975-11-11 1977-05-24 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Modular integral motor controller
US4039983A (en) * 1975-08-26 1977-08-02 Merlin Gerin High-speed high-current circuit interrupter having electrodynamically operated arcing contacts
US4042895A (en) * 1975-09-16 1977-08-16 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Combination motor-starter and circuit breaker
US4077025A (en) * 1975-05-15 1978-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Current limiting circuit interrupter
US4077026A (en) * 1975-06-16 1978-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Integral motor controller
US4219790A (en) * 1978-03-31 1980-08-26 Merlin Gerin Current limiting circuit breaker
US4516182A (en) * 1981-01-16 1985-05-07 Ga Technologies Inc. Current limiting apparatus
US4565481A (en) * 1981-05-21 1986-01-21 F.Lli Pagnoni S.P.A. Apparatus for loading and unloading a double opening press for manufacturing fibreboard
US4594567A (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-06-10 Siemens-Allis, Inc. Circuit breaker contact arm assembly having a magnetic carrier
US5717369A (en) * 1996-05-03 1998-02-10 Wilson; Arthur L. Alternating current relay
US20090046403A1 (en) * 2004-07-27 2009-02-19 Michael Anheuser Breaker device for low-voltage applications
DE102011008834A1 (de) * 2011-01-19 2012-07-19 Abb Ag Installationsschaltgerät
CN103311063A (zh) * 2013-06-05 2013-09-18 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 一种断路器触头结构
US20150084721A1 (en) * 2012-03-21 2015-03-26 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Line protection switch

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FR2185853B1 (sv) * 1972-05-26 1977-12-30 Merlin Gerin
US3815059A (en) * 1972-12-01 1974-06-04 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter comprising electromagnetic opening means
AR204735A1 (es) * 1974-01-29 1976-02-27 Westinghouse Electric Corp Interruptor de circuitos del tipo limitador de corriente
FR2351483A1 (fr) * 1976-05-12 1977-12-09 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur rapide limitateur
FR2423053A2 (fr) * 1978-04-11 1979-11-09 Merlin Gerin Dispositif de deplacement rapide d'un contact electrique
FR2446538A1 (fr) * 1979-01-11 1980-08-08 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur limiteur basse tension a declencheur electromagnetique perfectionne
FR2458887A1 (fr) * 1979-06-07 1981-01-02 Hazemeyer Sa Appareil de coupure de courant electrique du type limiteur d'intensite
US4330772A (en) * 1980-05-02 1982-05-18 Eaton Corporation Pushbutton circuit breaker switch
NL8005459A (nl) * 1980-10-02 1982-05-03 Hollandse Apparatenfab Schakelautomaat.
US4513267A (en) * 1983-03-28 1985-04-23 Siemens-Allis, Inc. Stationary contact strap to achieve a current limiting blow-off effect
GB2150352A (en) * 1983-11-25 1985-06-26 Electricity Council Circuit breaker assembly
US4630014A (en) * 1985-04-01 1986-12-16 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Current limiting circuit breaker stationary contact assembly with integral magnetic activating means
US4633207A (en) * 1985-04-01 1986-12-30 Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. Cam following bridge contact carrier for a current limiting circuit breaker
US4849590A (en) * 1988-04-01 1989-07-18 Kohler Company Electric switch with counteracting electro-electro-dynamic forces
EP0410257A1 (de) * 1989-07-26 1991-01-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektromechanischer Schnellschalter
US4982571A (en) * 1989-08-03 1991-01-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Safety apparatus for superconducting magnetic energy stored system
US5072203A (en) * 1989-09-18 1991-12-10 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Method and device for protecting starters from fault currents
US4991050A (en) * 1989-09-18 1991-02-05 Allen-Bradley Company, Inc. Method and device for protecting starters from fault currents
DE19701311B4 (de) * 1997-01-16 2005-08-25 Moeller Gmbh Strombegrenzender Leistungsschalter
EP2251887B1 (en) * 2009-05-15 2016-03-16 Abb Ag Electromagnetic trip device
GB201200331D0 (en) * 2012-01-09 2012-02-22 Dialight Europ Ltd Improvements in switching contactors (II)
GB2498999A (en) * 2012-02-02 2013-08-07 Siemens Plc Mechanical superconducting switch
EP2806441B1 (en) * 2013-05-24 2017-07-12 Tyco Electronics Austria GmbH Electric switching device with enhanced Lorentz force bias
US9412549B2 (en) * 2014-02-18 2016-08-09 General Electric Company Electromagnetically enhanced contact separation in a circuit breaker
US9805888B2 (en) * 2014-05-19 2017-10-31 Abb Schweiz Ag High speed limiting electrical switchgear device
EP3101678B1 (de) * 2015-06-01 2017-09-13 Wöhner GmbH & Co. KG Elektrotechnische Systeme Stromunterbrecher

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US3238326A (en) * 1964-06-26 1966-03-01 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Contactor with a load current hold-in feature
US3281733A (en) * 1964-10-13 1966-10-25 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Synchronous circuit breaker having a movable winding
US3663903A (en) * 1971-05-20 1972-05-16 Ite Imperial Corp Tripping system for circuit breaker

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FR758319A (fr) * 1932-10-12 1934-01-16 Cem Comp Electro Mec Perfectionnements aux appareils servant à couper les circuits électriques
US2037570A (en) * 1935-02-01 1936-04-14 Gen Electric High speed circuit breaker
DE1286184B (de) * 1962-07-13 1969-01-02 Licentia Gmbh Elektrischer Schalter, insbesondere Selbstschalter
US3263042A (en) * 1963-02-18 1966-07-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric control device with electromagnetic contact-biasing means
US3384845A (en) * 1966-11-23 1968-05-21 Gen Electric Current-limiting electric circuit breaker
NL158644B (nl) * 1969-03-25 1978-11-15 Hazemeijer Bv Elektrische schakelaar met elektrodynamische vergroting van de contactdruk en van de uitschakelsnelheid.
US3663905A (en) * 1971-05-20 1972-05-16 Ite Imperial Corp Contact bridge system for circuit breaker
FR2185853B1 (sv) * 1972-05-26 1977-12-30 Merlin Gerin
US3887888A (en) * 1973-04-04 1975-06-03 Arrow Hart Inc High current switch

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2916579A (en) * 1954-03-11 1959-12-08 Siemens Ag Electrodynamic circuit breaker
US3238326A (en) * 1964-06-26 1966-03-01 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Contactor with a load current hold-in feature
US3281733A (en) * 1964-10-13 1966-10-25 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Synchronous circuit breaker having a movable winding
US3663903A (en) * 1971-05-20 1972-05-16 Ite Imperial Corp Tripping system for circuit breaker

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3959753A (en) * 1974-01-25 1976-05-25 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Circuit interrupter with load side short circuit
US3991391A (en) * 1974-01-29 1976-11-09 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Circuit interrupter with electromagnetic opening means
US4077025A (en) * 1975-05-15 1978-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Current limiting circuit interrupter
US4077026A (en) * 1975-06-16 1978-02-28 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Integral motor controller
US4013984A (en) * 1975-08-22 1977-03-22 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Current limiting circuit breaker
US4039983A (en) * 1975-08-26 1977-08-02 Merlin Gerin High-speed high-current circuit interrupter having electrodynamically operated arcing contacts
US4042895A (en) * 1975-09-16 1977-08-16 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Combination motor-starter and circuit breaker
US4025883A (en) * 1975-11-11 1977-05-24 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Modular integral motor controller
US4219790A (en) * 1978-03-31 1980-08-26 Merlin Gerin Current limiting circuit breaker
US4516182A (en) * 1981-01-16 1985-05-07 Ga Technologies Inc. Current limiting apparatus
US4565481A (en) * 1981-05-21 1986-01-21 F.Lli Pagnoni S.P.A. Apparatus for loading and unloading a double opening press for manufacturing fibreboard
US4594567A (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-06-10 Siemens-Allis, Inc. Circuit breaker contact arm assembly having a magnetic carrier
US5717369A (en) * 1996-05-03 1998-02-10 Wilson; Arthur L. Alternating current relay
US20090046403A1 (en) * 2004-07-27 2009-02-19 Michael Anheuser Breaker device for low-voltage applications
US7916442B2 (en) * 2004-07-27 2011-03-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Breaker device for low-voltage applications
DE102011008834A1 (de) * 2011-01-19 2012-07-19 Abb Ag Installationsschaltgerät
US20150084721A1 (en) * 2012-03-21 2015-03-26 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Line protection switch
US9203230B2 (en) * 2012-03-21 2015-12-01 Te Connectivity Germany Gmbh Line protection switch
CN103311063A (zh) * 2013-06-05 2013-09-18 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 一种断路器触头结构
CN103311063B (zh) * 2013-06-05 2016-03-02 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） 一种断路器触头结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2185853A1 (sv) 1974-01-04
FR2237302B2 (sv) 1978-02-03
CH582950A5 (sv) 1976-12-15
DE2326117C2 (de) 1984-09-06
DE2530161C2 (de) 1985-03-21
DE2326117A1 (de) 1973-12-06
DE2530162C2 (de) 1985-03-28
FR2237302A2 (sv) 1975-02-07
DE2530162A1 (de) 1976-01-22
BE831204R (fr) 1975-11-03
BE799866A (fr) 1973-09-17
FR2278146A2 (fr) 1976-02-06
FR2278147A2 (fr) 1976-02-06
FR2278147B2 (sv) 1978-02-03
FR2278146B2 (sv) 1978-02-03
GB1405377A (en) 1975-09-24
BE831205R (fr) 1975-11-03
US4001738A (en) 1977-01-04
FR2185853B1 (sv) 1977-12-30
GB1489010A (en) 1977-10-19
DE2530161A1 (de) 1976-01-22

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