US3822519A - Building structure - Google Patents

Building structure Download PDF

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US3822519A
US3822519A US00157402A US15740271A US3822519A US 3822519 A US3822519 A US 3822519A US 00157402 A US00157402 A US 00157402A US 15740271 A US15740271 A US 15740271A US 3822519 A US3822519 A US 3822519A
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Prior art keywords
sections
column
column sections
superposed
units
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US00157402A
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A Antoniou
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AVAN IND Inc
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AVAN IND Inc
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Priority to US00157402A priority Critical patent/US3822519A/en
Priority to CA142,619A priority patent/CA968118A/en
Priority to AU43628/72A priority patent/AU4362872A/en
Priority to IL39717A priority patent/IL39717A0/xx
Priority to DE2231142A priority patent/DE2231142A1/de
Priority to IT51178/72A priority patent/IT958539B/it
Priority to JP47064848A priority patent/JPS4872919A/ja
Priority to FR7223396A priority patent/FR2143833A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3822519A publication Critical patent/US3822519A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/3483—Elements not integrated in a skeleton the supporting structure consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2418—Details of bolting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2463—Connections to foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2496—Shear bracing therefor

Definitions

  • This invention generally concerns building constructions and more particularly relates to improved means for structuring a building utilizing a plurality of prefabricated modular units, each of which is a three dimensional entity, utilizing module dimensions, and each of which contains, as part of its structure, all conjunctive supply systems as well as support members which interconnect with like support members of adjacent units to form vertical support columns and vertical and lateral truss structures in the completed building.
  • the present invention seeks to improve on prior efforts in modular structural units and to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art by providing simplified, structurally superior combinations productive of a practical, economically feasible and simplified system of fabricating housing, commercial, and institutional use buildings out of discrete modular units, each of which is a complete entity including ancillary systems, ready for attachment to adjacent modular units by simple connector means.
  • the advancements which distinguish the present invention is the provision of both vertical and lateral support systems by interlocking multiple units whereby the strength to weight ratio of the completed structure is markedly improved.
  • One of the major objects of this invention is the provision of improved and simplified modular structural units for building constructions of various types.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide novel connector means for interjoining adjacent modular units as aforesaid.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide improved modular structural units and connector means, as aforesaid, which interact and cooperate in assembly to produce building structures having both column and truss support systems of improve-d strength and integrity.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide modular structural units for buildings which are discrete entities, complete with all systems and means necessary for use, and which are capable of factory prefabrication using metal materials of standard shapes and sizes for transporting to and installation at a remote building site with other modular units to formulate a finished building ready for use.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide a simplified system for building structures utilizing modules that are readily mass fabricated in assembly-line factory conditions, with little departure from presently known building trade practices and skills.
  • FIG. I. is a perspective view showing the support frame structure of a typical modular unit according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a unit as shown in FIG. 1, assembled with an adjacent unit;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a building constructed with plural units of the order illustrated in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a typical load diagram of the truss support system seen in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective of a column structure formed according to this invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged partial view in front elevation of the base connector assembly used with a two cluster column
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the assembly seen in FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged partial vew in front elevation of a typical two cluster column and connector assembly, showing the manner of interjoining adjacent and superposed column sections;
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along vantage line 9-9 of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a view in front elevation of novel alignment means, showing the same assembled in guide means according to this invention.
  • FIG. 11 is atop plan view thereof
  • FIG. 12 is a view in front elevation of one plate member used in the alignment means of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a view in front elevation of a second plate member used in the alignment means of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a modified connector guide means useful in interjoining two cluster colum sections in paired tandem;
  • FIG. is a perspective view of another form of connector guide means used for the same purpose as the guide means shown in FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16 is another perspective showing, similar to FIGS. 14 and 15, illustrating an eight section column connector guide means.
  • FIG. 17 is still another perspective view similar to FIG. 16, showing a modified version of the eight section column guide means shown in FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 1 a typical modular unit fora motel building is designated generally at 20.
  • Unit 20 is formulated with a metal, preferably standard rolled steel, fabricated framework comprising essentially three parallelopiped portions of dissimilar size utilizing a plurality of vertically upright, parallel spaced, column sections 2l30 which are interjoined at their upper reaches by rigid ceiling frame members 31-39 and at their lower reaches by corresponding floor frame members 41-49.
  • the several column sections 21-30 are of tubular construction, generally square or quadrangular in cross-section and preferably standard rolled steel members having a longitudinally extending, welded seam.
  • the several ceiling and floor frame members are made i of standard angle iron of conventional L-shape crosssection as best shown in FIG. 7, for example.
  • Composite ceiling ties 50 and 51 parallel the end ceiling frame members 31 and 35, 36, each comprising a pair of back-to-back related ceiling frame angle iron members 50a, 50b and 51a, 51b which are welded together at spaced intervals and extend between the upper ends of opposite column sections 22-29; 22a-29a and 23-28; 23a 27, respectively.
  • composite floor ties 52 and 53 also comprising back-to-back interwelded angle iron frame members 52a, 52b and 53a, 53b extend between the lower ends of such column sections directly beneath the ceiling ties 50 and 51.
  • the floor frame members 41-49 as well as tie members 52a, 52b; 53a, 53b constitute angle irons of L- shaped cross section having an upright flange preferably-'of-somewhat greater vertical dimension than the horizontal flange thereof whereas the ceiling frame members 31-39, 50a, 50b; 51a, 511) preferably are symmetrical and have vertical and horizontal flange portions of generally equal dimensions.
  • the first parallelopiped frame has corners defined by vertical column sections 21, 22, 29 and the second by corner column sections 22a, 23, 28 and 29a; and the third by corner column sections 23a, 24, 26 and 27. It will be noted that the latter framework is shorter in dimension, particularly lengthwise, than the other two parallelopipeds which are identical.
  • the two identical parallelopiped sub-frameworks are rigidly interjoined, back-to-back, by welding column sections 22, 22a and 29, 29a together as well as their opposing floor and ceiling frame members to formulate the composite floor and ceiling ties 52 and 50, respectively.
  • the smaller parallelopiped framework is joined to the intermediate sub-framework having corner column sections 22a, 23, 28 and 29a. That is to say, column section 23a is welded to column section 23, while the ceiling and floor frame members 51a, 51b and 53a and 53b are rigidly welded together to form the composite ties 51 and 53. It is to be noted that the one corner column section 27 of the smaller framework is welded to the outside faces of the vertical flange portions of the ceiling and floor frame members 51a and 53a, intermediate the column sections 23 and 28.
  • truss frame members 55 and 56 are tied diagonally across the generally rectangular space defined by theframe members 30, 39, 29 and 49.
  • Similar truss bracing is provided by members 57, 58 between the frame members 25, 36, 26 and 46 while corresponding truss-bracing members (only member 59 being shown in FIG. 1) are provided diagonally across the frame portion defined by the members 21, 32, 22 and 42.
  • Such truss-bracing serves to not only rigidify and wind-brace the framework for the unit 20, but more importantly comprise sectional portions of vertical and lateral truss supports which present themselves in the overall framework of the assembled building as the several units thereof are integrated and interlocked. This provides a unique lateral and vertical truss support system in the completed building according to this invention. Amplification of this feature will appear hereinafter.
  • the opposing peripheral floor frame members of the unit 20 provides a horizontal support for a poured or prestressed concrete flooring assembly 60 utilizing metal pan underflooring tack-welded to the floor frame members.
  • the several peripheral ceiling frame members 31-39 and ties 50, 51 provide horizontal flange supports for the periphery of overlying ceiling panels 61, preferably constructed of layers of plasterboard, and acoustic backing fastened to metal pans (see FIG. 1).
  • the several inside walls of the unit are conventionally covered with layers or panels of plasterboard 63 mounted over vertically extending metal channel stud members 64, mounted upright between the ceiling frame members, such as 36, and the floor (see FIG. 1) and backed up by batt insulation or the like.
  • the studs 64 are not rigidly tied to any of the load carrying tubular column sections, thereby permitting relative movement between the latter and the interior walls, especially when handling a modular unit.
  • the unit 20 when fully constructed, the unit 20 typically is'enclosed by the floor and ceiling, an opaque side wall 66 reaching along one side, a door opening wall 67 along one end, containing a mounted extending inwardly of side wall 66, parallel an opposing portion of end wall 67 to provide a closet spacing therebetween.
  • a conventional tub and shower unit 80 Within the confines of the bathroom space are located a conventional tub and shower unit 80; a sanitary facility 81 and a washstand 82.
  • the several units 80, 81 and 82 are completely hooked up with conventional plumbing fittings and piping for hot and cold water supply and sanitary drain; all such plumbing fittings tenninating at the outside face of the utility wall 69 whereat the same are adapted for quick coupling connection with a unitary utility supply system which will now be described briefly.
  • a vertically extending utility stack unit indicated generally by numeral 88, which will not be described in detail herein, but briefly comprises a prefabricated modular unit containing all the necessary conduits and carriers for hot and cold water, sanitary drains and vents, air conditioning and heating, telephone, radio and T-V antennae and any other supply systems ancillary to the successful operation of modular room unit 20.
  • the utility stack 88 extends vertically through the several superposed spaced provided between opposing utility walls 69-69a of the vertically superposed units 20 in a completed building.
  • each level unit 88 carries appropriate outlets which are suitably coupled with connections project ing into the utility room 85 through the adjacent utility walls 69 and 69a of opposing units.
  • Each of the several closets 85 is suitably floored to enable a person to walk upright into the closest for inspection, installation, upkeep and repair.
  • each modular room unit at final assembly in the building is simply plugged into all supplies and utilities needed for its full operation, including heat, light, air, phone, etc.
  • each modular unit 20 to be assembled in the final building will be a discrete and complete entity unto itself, including all internal furnishings, decorations, utility outlets and the like as well as any exterior facia materials, window walls, doors and other hardware, it will be readily understood that the assembly of a multiplicity of such units effectively presents a substantially completed building except for utility hook-ups, stairwells and common public spaces.
  • the uppermost units of the completed structure carry in addition to normal ceiling panels, a suitable overroofing structure to provide a sectional roofing construction which may be readily sealed to present a weatherproof roof.
  • FIG. 3 of the drawings shows an end elevation of a partially completed two-story structure, such as a motel, in-which modular units 90, 91, 92, 93, 94 and 95 are interlocked in their assembled interpositioning; the same being supported on footing walls 96 which occur at the vertical upright side walls of the units as underpinnings and supports for the column support structure of the building.
  • An underground tunnel unit 97 also is shown in FIG. 3, provided to carry all utility supply systems to the building for lateral distribution to various mechanical, electrical stacks 88 located in the vertical upright closet spacings 85 extending from the ground floor to the roof level of the building. It is particularly noteworthy that in the illustrated structure of FIG. 3, the two end units 92 and.
  • FIG. 5 a typical two cluster column support system according to this invention is illustrated in exploded perspective; the same being formed by twin superposed tubular column sections.
  • the column system illustrated in FIG. 5 occurs at the juncture of single tube column sections of laterally adjacent modular units (such as occurs at outside comer column sections 21 and 30 of adjacent units 20) or at the interconnection of tandem related double column section clusters, (such as occur at the back-to-back column sections 22, 22a in modular unit 20 of FIG. 1 on the outside walls of a building, for instance).
  • the principles involved apply to all column supports of a building constructed according to this invention, the only major differences appearing in the number of tubular sections involved at any junction and the configuration of the connector means, principally in the number of guide elements.
  • each column structure rests on a foundation pier or wall 96 which extends into the ground a suitable depth and is of a size and strength sufficient to support the vertical loads designed to be carried by the overdisposed column.
  • Each pier is formed with a planar upper end 120 having the threaded shank ends of two or more laterally spaced holddown bolts 121, 121 projecting upwardly therefrom for anchoring a connector means 124 to the pier 96. As shown best in FIGS. 5, 6
  • the particular foundation connector means 124 accommodates two column sections and has a planar base plate 125 on top of which are mounted a pair of laterally spaced guide elements 126, 126.
  • Each guide element in the illustrated case of FIG. 5, is formed as a short length of square cross-sectioned tubing capable of insertion into the open end of a single tubular column section, and is welded to plate 125 coaxially about an enlarged opening 127 receptive of the projecting end of one of the hold-down bolts 121.
  • Washer and nut assemblies 128 are mounted on the bolts 121 within the guide means to tie the base plate 125 of the connector means firmly to the upper end of the pier 96 (see FIG. 6).
  • each guide element 124 Mounted laterally outwardly of each guide element 124 and aligned on a common center line therewith (see FIG. 7) is an internally threaded stud connector means 129 welded at its lower end to the upper face of base plate 125.
  • each of the guide elements 126 is formed with four intersecting planar side walls as presented by a short length of rigid square or quadrangle tubing conforming to, but slightly smaller than, the hollow interior configuration of a column tube 133 or 134 to be fitted thereover.
  • sufficient clearance is provided to assure relatively loose fitting reception thereof within the open lower ends of the superposed column sections. This provides necessary clearance for easy internesting of the tubular column sections and guide elements when lowering a modular unit into place over the connector means from an overhead crane or the like.
  • each of the stud connectors 129 loosely passes into the lower interior of a cylindrical spacer tube member 135 disposed coaxially over an opening 136 formed in the lower horizontal flange portion 137 of a related attached floor frame member 138 (corresponding to floor frame members41-49 shown in FIG. 1').
  • each of the tubular column sections 133 and 134 is fabricated with associated laterally extending ceiling frame members or angle irons 140 which correspond to the previously described ceiling frame members 31-39 illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the horizontal flange portions 141 of such ceiling frame members are fitted with upwardly projecting, internally threaded stud connector sockets 142 (similar to connectors 129) located immediately adjacent a related column section (see FIGS. 5, 8 and 9).
  • the lower ends of the stud sockets preferably are welded to the upper face of such horizontal flange portions 141 according to known practice for installing any of several commercially available stud weld connector systems.
  • connector means 144 comprises a double connector having a pair of square tubular guide elements 145, 145 depending from the lower face of a planar base plate 146 and a pair of like guide elements 147, 147 projecting from the upper face thereof. It will be recognized that the guide element pairs or projections 145 and 147 are identical to the elements 126, 126 of the base column connector means 124, previously described.
  • the lower guide elements or projections 145, 145 fit loosely into the open upper socket ends of the column sections 133 and 134 in assembly.
  • the upwardly extending guide elements 147, 147 fit into the lower open socket ends of the next succeeding pair of superposed column sections 151 and 152.
  • each is welded to a horizontally extending floor frame member 155 (corresponding to the floor frame members 4149 of the modular frame shown in FIG. 1).
  • Spacer tube members 156 are welded to the horizontal flange portion 157 of the floor frame members over suitable openings (not shown) adjacent the column sections so as to register with the upwardly projecting stud connectors 142 mounted on the underlying ceiling frame members 14%.
  • the tube members 156 align registeringly over the stud connectors 142 so that hold-down bolts 158 may be inserted downwardly through the tubes 156 and threaded into the stud connectors 142.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 a detailed showing of the assembled relationship between column sections 133, 134, 151 and 152 is illustrated.
  • the lower tubular ends of the two-cluster column sections 151 and 152 align registeringly over the upper ends of the below disposed column sections 133, 134, respec tively, in assembly.
  • the guide element pairs 145 and 147 are relatively passive or inactive insofar as a connective function is concerned since they normally loosely contact the inside walls of the tubular column sections.
  • the guide elements serve to limit any lateral sliding movement of the related column sections.
  • the lateral spacing between adjacent guide elements 147, 147 is such as to place opposing walls 159 and 160 of adjacent column sections in face-to-face frictional contact or adjacency which feature assists column strength and rigidity, particularly under lateral or bending loads.
  • Uniform compressive connection of column sections with the intervening connector base plate 146 is established' conveniently by uniform torque loading of bolts 158 in assembly. This assists likewise in the assembled integrity and strength of a column structure using the tube cluster column teachings of this invention as hereinabove set forth.
  • cap connector means 160 In order to finish a column structure as set out in FIG. 5, it will be recognized that the upper or top ends of the column sections 151 and 152 are interjoined with a single cap connector means 160, having quadrangular guide elements 161, 161 depending from a base plate 162. It will be recognized that the cap connector means 160 is structurally similar to the base connector means 124 previously described and essentially serves to intertie the upper ends of the tube sections 151 and 152.
  • lifting pads 165 are connected over the upper ends of selected column clusters.
  • tie-down bolts 163 pass through openings 164 in an angle iron lifting pad 165 for threaded engagement with stud connector sockets 166 welded to the horizontal flange portions 167 of ceiling frame members 168 associated with the column sections in question.
  • Each pad 165 has a pad eye web wall 170, formed with a hook receiving opening or eye 171 whereby cables, chains or slingsmay be joined to a lifting crane. The lift pads 165 are removed after lifting a unit into assembly position.
  • alignment means 173 comprises two biaxially related metal plates 174 and 175, of substantially identical profile including a rectangular base skirt portion and convergingly tapered sides, somewhat in the shape of a Christmas tree.
  • the two plates are individually shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. When assembled, they are interfitted to form a symmetrical cross in plan configuration (see FIG. 11) in which they are interfitted at right angles to one another.
  • both plates are formed symmetrical about a vertical central axis, and that plate 174 has a slotted opening 176 extending about half way of its length from the upper peak end thereof.
  • Plate 175, conversely has a similar slotted opening 176a extending upwardly from its lower end.
  • the lower slotted opening 176a of plate 175 receives or is filled by the portion of plate 174 immediately below the slotted opening 176 thereof.
  • the unslotted portion of plate 175, above its slotted opening 176a resides within the slotted opening 176 of plate 174 in assembly.
  • the alignment means are left in place after assembly inside the column sections.
  • the individual plates 174 and 175 thereof may be welded together if so desired prior to insertion into a guide element.
  • the shouldered inset on each lateral edge of the plates 174 and 175 is substantially equal to the wall thickness of the guide elements so that the same interfit snugly in assembly and avoid any projection of the alignment means past the While the foregoing description sets forth the features of a preferred and workable embodiment of this invention, it is fully contemplated'that obvious variations particularly of the described connector means,
  • FIGS. 14-17 of the drawings may be necessary to meet various building design conditions. To that end, reference is now made to FIGS. 14-17 of the drawings.
  • connector means 124, 144 and 1611 each utilize quadrangular, relatively short, tubular, closed wall guide elements, having four planar wall portions each of which adjacently opposes an interior wall portion of a column section tube in final assembly. While such connector means are workably satisfactory if manufacturing tolerances of the tubular column sections can be maintained, experience shows that one cannot always depend on uniformity of rolled tubular steel, particularly in larger dimensions and wall thicknesses even though so-called standard tube products are specified. In order to meet a relatively wide range of tolerances, modified connector means in accordance with FIGS. 14-17 may be resorted to.
  • modified guide elements 180 having a U-shaped cross section or plan configuration, are welded to the upper and lower faces of a planar base plate 181 to provide a double connector means 182 capable of a relatively wide variation in interior dimensions for the tubular column sections fitted thereon.
  • connector means 182 is designed as an intermediate column connector for interjoiningtandem related two section column clusters, similar to the described connector means 144 of FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the U-shaped guide elements 180 are symmetrically oriented on plate 181, with the base walls 183 thereof central of plate 181 and in parallel spaced opposition; the spacing therebetween tolerating at least two wall thicknesses of standard tubular column sections to be mounted thereover. This arrangement is carried out on both faces of plate 181.
  • the side or arm walls 184 of each guide element 180 are likewise purposely shorter than the base wall 183 so that they will enter the tubular interior of a column section with relatively wide clearance.
  • FIG. 15 a variation of connector means 182 (shown in FIG. 14) and designated 182a, is set forth.
  • the U-shaped guide elements 180 fixed to plate 181 are rearranged and reversed in position from that shown in FIG. 14 so that the open sides thereof are opposing or facing each other.
  • the spacing between elements 181 is purposely such as to permit relatively wide variations in wall thickness of the tubular column sections fitted thereon; a factor which is more critical in the connector means 182 due to the limited spacing between base walls 183, 183 of the adjacent guide ele ments 180.
  • both connector means 182 and 182a only three interior walls of a column tube are normally contacted by or in near adjacency to each guide element in assembly.
  • the plate members 181 thereof are dimensioned so as to be flush with or project only slightly past the outside walls of the tube sections mounted thereon.
  • connector means 190 comprises a planar base plate 191 of substantially square plan profile.
  • Such four angle elements are disposed comer-to-comer in quadrants about a central axis lying normal to the plane of plate 191 with the spacing between opposing legs 193 of adjacent members being substantially twice the thickness of the tube walls which mak up the column sections plus necessary design clearance. This permits easy insertion of tube walls therebetween.
  • the members 192 each engage the inside walls of opposingly adjacent comers of four clustered column tubes in making up the column. Such relation obtains both above and beneath the base plate 191 of the connector means 190.
  • the connector means 200 shown in FIG. 17, like connector means 190, is used for joining eight tubular column sections in constructing a four tube cluster column.
  • connector means 200 is made up of the identical elements 191 and 192 employed in connector means 190.
  • the same are located at each of the four comers of the four column tube cluster to be mounted thereon. That is to say, such guide elements are each located at the comer of a quadrangle (square in this instance) so as to engage or oppose only two inside walls of a quadrangular tube section fitted thereover.
  • each leg 193 of the guide elements 192 is less than the inside side wall dimension of the tubular column section fitted thereover. It will thus be recognized that the tolerance limits when mounting the tubular column sections on connector means 200 is not as severe as encountered when using the connector means of FIG. 16, particularly as to variations in wall thickness of the column tubes.
  • a column support structure comprising a plurality of like elongated tubular column sections configured with regular polygonal cross sections and constituting vertical frame elements of prefabricated room units adapted to be integrated vertically and horizontally to form a building, said column sections being aligned operably upright in coaxial end-to-end relation; at least two rigid structural frame members affixed to and extending laterally outwardly of each end of each column section whereby such members associated with adjacent ends of opposing column sections lie in spaced parallel registration one above the other; and connector means at said adjacent ends comprisin g a single planar plate means lying transversely therebetween and abuttingly engaged thereby, guide means fixed to said plate means for loose fitting insertion into the open ends of adjacently opposed column sections and operative to align the same in substantially coaxial relation, and plural tensioning means extending between and operative to positively interconnect said registeringly aligned frame members, at at least two locations spaced substantially equidistance outwardly of associated opposed column sections and plate means thereby to rigidly intertie said
  • said means extending between said frame members comprises stud bolt connector means having interlocking parts, one connectively related with each frame member associated with opposing column sections and operable to produce predetermined frictional engagement between said adjacent ends and plate means.
  • a combined vertical column and truss support framework capable of withstanding tension, compression and bending loads comprising, a plurality of tubular column sections spaced in.
  • each modular unit a plurality of horizontal ceiling frame members affixed to and extending between the upper ends of said sections, a corresponding pluralityv of floor frame members affixed to and interconnecting the lower ends of said sections, said ceiling and floor frame members lying wholly be tween parallel planes containing the exterior surfaces of said column sections of an associated modular unit; truss frame members extending diagonally between the upper and lower ends of corresponding selected pairs of column sections in each modular unit; and connector means joining opposing ends of superposed tubular sections in the building comprising planar plate means lying between and abuttingly engaging each pair of said opposing ends, guide means affixed to said plate means and projecting outwardly therefrom for loose fitting insertion into the open interior of each said tubular section abuttingly associated therewith and operable to align superposed sections substantially coaxially, and at least two tensioning means interconnecting adjacent superposed ceiling and floor frame members of superposed modular units, at locations spaced substantially equidistant
  • each unit having a generally parallelopiped framework comprising a plurality of vertical, parallel, tubular column sections at spaced locations about its periphery, a plurality of ceiling frame members affixed to and interjoining the upper ends of said column sections for each unit, and a corresponding plurality of floor frame members affixed to and interconnecting the lower ends thereof; and connector means for interlocking opposing and laterally adjacent ends of column sections associated with both superposed and laterally adjacent units, comprising: planar plate means interposed and extending between the adjacent ends of superposed and laterally adjacent column sections, guide means affixed to and projecting from said plate means for loose fitting insertion into the hollow interior of each said section confronting said plate means, and at least two threaded fastener means extending between registeringly superposed floor and ceiling frame members of tion, each unit having a generally parallelopiped framework comprising a plurality of vertical, parallel, tubular

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  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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US00157402A 1971-06-28 1971-06-28 Building structure Expired - Lifetime US3822519A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00157402A US3822519A (en) 1971-06-28 1971-06-28 Building structure
CA142,619A CA968118A (en) 1971-06-28 1972-05-19 Building structure
IL39717A IL39717A0 (en) 1971-06-28 1972-06-20 Building support structure
AU43628/72A AU4362872A (en) 1971-06-28 1972-06-20 Building support structure
DE2231142A DE2231142A1 (de) 1971-06-28 1972-06-26 Baustruktur
IT51178/72A IT958539B (it) 1971-06-28 1972-06-27 Struttura di supporto per costruzioni
JP47064848A JPS4872919A (de) 1971-06-28 1972-06-28
FR7223396A FR2143833A1 (de) 1971-06-28 1972-06-28

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US00157402A US3822519A (en) 1971-06-28 1971-06-28 Building structure

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US3822519A true US3822519A (en) 1974-07-09

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AU (1) AU4362872A (de)
CA (1) CA968118A (de)
DE (1) DE2231142A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2143833A1 (de)
IL (1) IL39717A0 (de)
IT (1) IT958539B (de)

Cited By (28)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4078344A (en) * 1972-08-21 1978-03-14 Lely Cornelis V D Prefabricated building sections or room units and methods for their use in erecting buildings
US4299065A (en) * 1978-02-28 1981-11-10 Sanders And Forster Limited Accommodation units
US4551961A (en) * 1983-02-28 1985-11-12 Kiselewski Donald L Method of constructing a modular unit
US4723381A (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-02-09 Straumsnes O Robert Prefabricated multiple dwelling
US4723384A (en) * 1984-04-25 1988-02-09 Ing. Max Mengeringhausen Rapid-construction framework, especially of steel, as support structure for ceiling and wall plates of a building
GB2300431A (en) * 1995-05-01 1996-11-06 Rovacabin Limited Interconnecting legs of stackable units,e.g.cabins
GB2300432A (en) * 1995-05-01 1996-11-06 Rovacabin Limited Lifting or connecting portable units,e.g. cabins
WO1997004186A1 (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-02-06 Froeystad Thor A Building arrangement for constructions or technical installations
WO1998040573A1 (en) * 1997-03-10 1998-09-17 Concrete Volumes Sweden Ab Device for detachably connecting four prefabricated building units included in a building
US5826379A (en) * 1992-12-30 1998-10-27 Curry; Paul Highly wind resistant pre-assembled relocatable building structure
US5996296A (en) * 1997-12-08 1999-12-07 Bisbee; Robert L. Prefabricated structural panel
US6625937B1 (en) * 2000-12-27 2003-09-30 Sunrise Holding, Ltd. Modular building and method of construction
WO2006023545A2 (en) * 2004-08-19 2006-03-02 Rolf Kestermann Modular room and structure
US20110167752A1 (en) * 2008-07-13 2011-07-14 Iyad Mohamad Adnan Daadoush Non-standard, reinforced load-bearing cell for a simplified, interconnecting cellular construction system
WO2012052575A1 (es) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Ametslab Arquitecturas Modulares Ecotecnologicas, S.L. Pieza de unión para la estructura de un sistema de construcción modular, y sistema de construcción modular
US20130048430A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2013-02-28 John Clement Preston Scaffolding
ES2523757A1 (es) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-01 Félix Víctor DÍAZ HERMOSO Sistema modular para la construcción de espacios habitacionales y pieza de unión para la ejecución de dicho sistema
US9366020B2 (en) 2012-11-06 2016-06-14 Fc Modular, Llc Modular building unit connection system
US9404280B2 (en) * 2013-01-27 2016-08-02 Conxtech, Inc. Dual-function, sequential-task, lug-registry, pick and stack-align building-component handling system
CN106522374A (zh) * 2016-12-22 2017-03-22 青岛理工大学 用于连接模块化钢框架的连接装置及其连接方法
US20170241156A1 (en) * 2015-12-30 2017-08-24 Troy Earheart Hunting Blind and Method of Manufacturing the Same
US20190024365A1 (en) * 2016-01-13 2019-01-24 Emmeallaenne S.r.l. Modular building structure with integrated plants
US10344489B2 (en) * 2017-05-10 2019-07-09 Western Sulfur Remelters Ltd. Adjustable support column with uplift-resisting assembly
EP3400344A4 (de) * 2015-12-30 2019-07-31 Dragages Singapore Pte Ltd Vorrichtung zur verbindung von vorbehandelten vorgefertigten volumetrischen konstruktionseinheiten
CN110821024A (zh) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-21 韶关市第一建筑工程有限公司 一种钢结构屋盖支撑系统及其施工方法
US11098476B2 (en) * 2017-09-22 2021-08-24 Gaurian Corporation Connecting core for column-beam joint and connection method using the same
US11105088B2 (en) * 2017-08-18 2021-08-31 Knauf Gips Kg Modular system for creating a structure, module connector and structure comprising a modular system
US20230193624A1 (en) * 2016-02-25 2023-06-22 Isinnova S.R.L. System, method, kit and modular element for the dry building of structures for constructions

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DE3501630A1 (de) * 1985-01-19 1986-07-24 Carl Tiedemann KG, 2000 Hamburg Containerwohnsystem
JP2529881Y2 (ja) * 1989-03-01 1997-03-19 ミサワホーム株式会社 住宅ユニットの位置決め構造
FR2748053A1 (fr) * 1996-04-24 1997-10-31 Heurgue Gerard Pierre Structure pour la realisation d'usines modulaires
DE102015216133A1 (de) * 2015-08-24 2017-03-02 Kramer Gmbh Wohnmodul

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FR1223528A (fr) * 1959-01-29 1960-06-17 Perfectionnements apportés aux échafaudages métalliques
FR1231154A (fr) * 1959-04-08 1960-09-27 Perfectionnements aux échafaudages métalliques
US3245188A (en) * 1961-03-17 1966-04-12 Evans Hugh Stanford Scaffolding
CA778542A (en) * 1968-02-20 Lourdin Robert Method of constructing buildings on an industrial basis, and equipment for preforming the same
US3429092A (en) * 1966-05-26 1969-02-25 Dyna Structures Structural frames and methods and means therefor
DE1940842A1 (de) * 1968-08-13 1970-02-26 Cegedur Gp Metallbaugeruest
US3500595A (en) * 1967-10-27 1970-03-17 Flehr Hohbach Modular building construction unit and column
US3564786A (en) * 1970-01-09 1971-02-23 David Baker Mass production housing
US3642310A (en) * 1970-05-04 1972-02-15 Keystone Lamp Mfg Corp Corner joint assembly

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CA778542A (en) * 1968-02-20 Lourdin Robert Method of constructing buildings on an industrial basis, and equipment for preforming the same
US366541A (en) * 1887-07-12 watson
BE529711A (de) *
US2086009A (en) * 1933-04-05 1937-07-06 Remington Rand Inc Book stack
US2857994A (en) * 1954-03-08 1958-10-28 Patent Scaffolding Co Inc Erection frames for sectional towers
FR1223528A (fr) * 1959-01-29 1960-06-17 Perfectionnements apportés aux échafaudages métalliques
FR1231154A (fr) * 1959-04-08 1960-09-27 Perfectionnements aux échafaudages métalliques
US3245188A (en) * 1961-03-17 1966-04-12 Evans Hugh Stanford Scaffolding
US3429092A (en) * 1966-05-26 1969-02-25 Dyna Structures Structural frames and methods and means therefor
US3500595A (en) * 1967-10-27 1970-03-17 Flehr Hohbach Modular building construction unit and column
DE1940842A1 (de) * 1968-08-13 1970-02-26 Cegedur Gp Metallbaugeruest
US3564786A (en) * 1970-01-09 1971-02-23 David Baker Mass production housing
US3642310A (en) * 1970-05-04 1972-02-15 Keystone Lamp Mfg Corp Corner joint assembly

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4078344A (en) * 1972-08-21 1978-03-14 Lely Cornelis V D Prefabricated building sections or room units and methods for their use in erecting buildings
US4299065A (en) * 1978-02-28 1981-11-10 Sanders And Forster Limited Accommodation units
US4551961A (en) * 1983-02-28 1985-11-12 Kiselewski Donald L Method of constructing a modular unit
US4723384A (en) * 1984-04-25 1988-02-09 Ing. Max Mengeringhausen Rapid-construction framework, especially of steel, as support structure for ceiling and wall plates of a building
US4723381A (en) * 1986-09-22 1988-02-09 Straumsnes O Robert Prefabricated multiple dwelling
US5826379A (en) * 1992-12-30 1998-10-27 Curry; Paul Highly wind resistant pre-assembled relocatable building structure
GB2300431A (en) * 1995-05-01 1996-11-06 Rovacabin Limited Interconnecting legs of stackable units,e.g.cabins
GB2300432A (en) * 1995-05-01 1996-11-06 Rovacabin Limited Lifting or connecting portable units,e.g. cabins
GB2300431B (en) * 1995-05-01 1998-07-29 Rovacabin Limited Improvements in and relating to an interconnecting arrangement
GB2300432B (en) * 1995-05-01 1998-09-09 Rovacabin Limited Improvements in or relating to a transportable unit
WO1997004186A1 (en) * 1995-07-19 1997-02-06 Froeystad Thor A Building arrangement for constructions or technical installations
WO1998040573A1 (en) * 1997-03-10 1998-09-17 Concrete Volumes Sweden Ab Device for detachably connecting four prefabricated building units included in a building
US5996296A (en) * 1997-12-08 1999-12-07 Bisbee; Robert L. Prefabricated structural panel
US6625937B1 (en) * 2000-12-27 2003-09-30 Sunrise Holding, Ltd. Modular building and method of construction
WO2006023545A2 (en) * 2004-08-19 2006-03-02 Rolf Kestermann Modular room and structure
WO2006023545A3 (en) * 2004-08-19 2006-06-15 Rolf Kestermann Modular room and structure
US8322084B2 (en) 2004-08-19 2012-12-04 Rolf Kestermann Modular room and structure
US20110167758A1 (en) * 2008-07-03 2011-07-14 Iyad Mohamad Adnan Daadoush Node module for a simplified, interconnecting cellular construction system
US20110167752A1 (en) * 2008-07-13 2011-07-14 Iyad Mohamad Adnan Daadoush Non-standard, reinforced load-bearing cell for a simplified, interconnecting cellular construction system
US9909326B2 (en) * 2010-02-25 2018-03-06 John Clement Preston Scaffolding
US20130048430A1 (en) * 2010-02-25 2013-02-28 John Clement Preston Scaffolding
WO2012052575A1 (es) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Ametslab Arquitecturas Modulares Ecotecnologicas, S.L. Pieza de unión para la estructura de un sistema de construcción modular, y sistema de construcción modular
US9366020B2 (en) 2012-11-06 2016-06-14 Fc Modular, Llc Modular building unit connection system
US9404280B2 (en) * 2013-01-27 2016-08-02 Conxtech, Inc. Dual-function, sequential-task, lug-registry, pick and stack-align building-component handling system
ES2523757A1 (es) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-01 Félix Víctor DÍAZ HERMOSO Sistema modular para la construcción de espacios habitacionales y pieza de unión para la ejecución de dicho sistema
US20170241156A1 (en) * 2015-12-30 2017-08-24 Troy Earheart Hunting Blind and Method of Manufacturing the Same
EP3400344A4 (de) * 2015-12-30 2019-07-31 Dragages Singapore Pte Ltd Vorrichtung zur verbindung von vorbehandelten vorgefertigten volumetrischen konstruktionseinheiten
US20190024365A1 (en) * 2016-01-13 2019-01-24 Emmeallaenne S.r.l. Modular building structure with integrated plants
US10526781B2 (en) * 2016-01-13 2020-01-07 Emmeallaenne S.r.l. Modular building structure with integrated plants
US20230193624A1 (en) * 2016-02-25 2023-06-22 Isinnova S.R.L. System, method, kit and modular element for the dry building of structures for constructions
US11781314B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2023-10-10 Isinnova S.R.L. System, method, kit and modular element for the dry building of structures for constructions
CN106522374A (zh) * 2016-12-22 2017-03-22 青岛理工大学 用于连接模块化钢框架的连接装置及其连接方法
US10344489B2 (en) * 2017-05-10 2019-07-09 Western Sulfur Remelters Ltd. Adjustable support column with uplift-resisting assembly
US11105088B2 (en) * 2017-08-18 2021-08-31 Knauf Gips Kg Modular system for creating a structure, module connector and structure comprising a modular system
US11098476B2 (en) * 2017-09-22 2021-08-24 Gaurian Corporation Connecting core for column-beam joint and connection method using the same
CN110821024A (zh) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-21 韶关市第一建筑工程有限公司 一种钢结构屋盖支撑系统及其施工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL39717A0 (en) 1972-08-30
IT958539B (it) 1973-10-30
FR2143833A1 (de) 1973-02-09
CA968118A (en) 1975-05-27
DE2231142A1 (de) 1973-01-18
AU4362872A (en) 1974-01-03
JPS4872919A (de) 1973-10-02

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