US3815561A - Closed loop engine control system - Google Patents

Closed loop engine control system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3815561A
US3815561A US28920072A US3815561A US 3815561 A US3815561 A US 3815561A US 28920072 A US28920072 A US 28920072A US 3815561 A US3815561 A US 3815561A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
signal
constant
sensor
engine
comparator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
W Seitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bendix Corp
Siemens Automotive LP
Original Assignee
Bendix Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bendix Corp filed Critical Bendix Corp
Priority to US28920072 priority Critical patent/US3815561A/en
Priority to DE19732336558 priority patent/DE2336558B2/de
Priority to GB3541773A priority patent/GB1397502A/en
Priority to BR639273A priority patent/BR7306392D0/pt
Priority to FR7331031A priority patent/FR2329854A1/fr
Priority to JP10224973A priority patent/JPS5241819B2/ja
Priority to IT2887373A priority patent/IT993233B/it
Priority to FR7333112A priority patent/FR2200439B2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3815561A publication Critical patent/US3815561A/en
Priority to JP15326679U priority patent/JPS5564441U/ja
Assigned to SIEMENS-BENDIX AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS L.P., A LIMITED PARTNERSHIP OF DE reassignment SIEMENS-BENDIX AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS L.P., A LIMITED PARTNERSHIP OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ALLIED-SIGNAL INC.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1477—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation circuit or part of it,(e.g. comparator, PI regulator, output)
    • F02D41/1479—Using a comparator with variable reference
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/74—Valve actuation; electrical

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A closed loop engine control system for internal combustion engines-is described.
  • the control system is responsive to signalsindicative of the presence or absence of oxygen in the exhaust gas of the engine and is operative to generate an output signal for receipt by a fuel delivery controller which will cause that fuel delivery controller to increase fuel delivery in the presence of oxygen molecules in the exhaust gas and to decrease fuel delivery in the absence of oxygen molecules in the exhaust gas in order to maintain the fuel delivery at the predetermined, and preferably the stoichiometric, air/fuel ratio mixture point.
  • the present invention is concerned with a closed loop control system in which the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine are analyzed to indicate the ratio of the air/fuel mixture being consumed by the engine and through which signals are generated in order to modulate the fuel delivery mechanism in order to provide a predetermined air/fuel ratio mixture for the engine.
  • the fuel delivery control mechanism to increase or decrease the volume of fuel delivered as a function of air being consumed by the engine with the magnitude and speed of the correction being a function of the sensor output signal.
  • the sensor output signal characteristic varies greatly as a function of sensor temperature and also as a function of sensor age. While the sensor output characteristic normally evidences a high to low transition at the stoichiometric air/fuel mixture ratio point, the magnitude of this transition (and hence the magnitude of the output signal) decreases for an aging oxygen sensor and also is a direct function of sensor temperature as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • Closed loop controls for variable volume combustion chamber internal combustion engines utilizing the known oxygen sensors provide a corrective signal which is directly related to the sensor output signal.
  • the magnitude of its-output signal decreases so that the closed loop control response time will be gradually slowing therebyresulting in a long term decrease in the responsiveness of the closed loop control system rendering the known closed loop controls to beof little value. It is therefore a further object of the present invention to provide a closed loop control system whose output performance is not altered or affected by age-induced changes in the sensor signal. It is a more particular object of the present invention to provide a closed loop control system which gives uniform response without regard to variations in the magnitude of the input signal.
  • the typical sensor output signal regardless of the sensors age or operating temperature, will make a high-to-low or a low-to-high signal excursion through at least one intermediate sensor output signal voltage value which may be termed the transitional value."
  • a sensor may have a transitional band, comprised of a plurality of output signal values each of which could be a transitional value.
  • the maximum low signal voltage value is less than the minimum high signal voltage value and that between these two voltage values there exists a nominal sensor output voltage value excursions through which may advantageously be used to trigger a comparator circuit so that whenever the sensor output signal is greater than the transitional value, the comparator .will generate an output signal having a first predetermined constant magnitude which magnitude will be uneffected by variations in sensor temperature-or age. Furthermore, whenever the sensor output signal is below the transitional value, the comparator will generate an output signal having a second predetermined constant magnitude different from the first predetermined magnitude which again will not be influenced by sensor, temperature or age.
  • comparator output signal may be applied to the fuel delivery controller to increase or decrease the quantity of fuel in the air/fuel mixture being provided to the inter nal combustion engine in response to the sensor signals.
  • This system will therefore be rendered insensitive to variations which may be due to variations in the temperature of the sensor or which may result from aging of the sensor.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the closed loop control system of the present invention in a blockdiagram.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an electronic circuit which may comprise a portion of the block diagram of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an electronic circuit which may receive the output signal of the circuit of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates various voltage signal waveforms which may be produced by the oxygen sensor of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the voltage output signal generated by the comparator of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a full cycle of the voltage waveform as a function of time generated by the circuit of FIG. 3 to control fueldelivery.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the output signal generated by the circuit of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 1 a block diagram of a closed loop control system according to the present invention and intended for association with a variable volume combustion chamber internal combustion engine 10 is illustrated.
  • the engine 10 produces an exhaust gas stream through conduit 12 which stream is examined by an exhaust sensor 20.
  • the presently preferred embodiment contemplates an oxygen sensor operativeto determine the percentage of oxygen concentration present within the exhaust gas stream. According to the prior art this oxygen sensor would provide a virtual step function output signal to be applied directly to a fuel delivery controller 50.
  • the output signal of the oxygen sensor is applied to a summing device which also receives the fixed value signal, termed the set point value. The out-.
  • the engine 10 receives various control inputs as illustrated at which may be for example an air consumption controlling input in the form of a throttle setting (which may be operator controlled) as well as other inputs which may or may not be controlled such as the load placed upon the engine, ignition advance or retard signals or modulation of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR).
  • EGR exhaust gas recirculation
  • the fuel delivery controller 50 also receives intelligence via communication link which is indicative of the moment-tomoment operation of the engine.
  • this intelligence may comprise information as to the speed of the engine, the temperature of the engine coolant, the density of the air being consumed by the engine, and such other input information as may be of use to the fuel delivery controller 50 in providing a gross fuel delivery control.
  • the fuel delivery controller 50 would then control the quantity of fuel to be delivered to the engine through conduit in accordance with these various sensed parameters.
  • the closed loop control would be operative to modulate the gross fuel delivery control signal in accordance with a correction factor determined by oxygen sensor 20. In this manner, the system will automatiwould directly or indirectly effect the quantities of air and/or of fuel being measured, computed or delivered.
  • the summing device 30 and the comparator 40 are illustrated in a representative, and preferred, electronic embodiment.
  • the summing device 30 is comprised of a pair of interconnected resistors 32, 34'with the resistor 34 arranged to-receive the output signal from the exhaust sensor 20'and resistor 32 arranged to receive a fixed value voltage signal from potentiometer 36.
  • Resistors 32, 34 are interconnected at circuit location 38.
  • Circuit location 38 communicates with one input to an operational amplifier 42.
  • the other input to the operational amplifier 42 is communicated to a fixed voltage reference which represents the set point value.
  • Oppositely directed diodes 44, 45 provide a feedback path around operational amplifier 42 to establish maximum and minimum output signal levels.
  • the fixed voltage reference is established by communicating a nonregulated source of voltage B+ through a resistance 41 to the cathode of a zenner diode 43 whose anode is communicated to ground.
  • This source ofregulated voltage is also applied to the potentiometer 36 of the summing device 30 and to the oxygen sensor to establish a reference voltage or middle ground at the oxygen sensor. This will permit the oxygen sensor to generate an output signal which is referenced to the middle ground value so that, in the application of the present invention to an automotive vehicle which uses a dc. supply with chassis ground (positive or negative) an intermediate voltage value will be used by the oxygen sensor as its ground in order to provide both positive and negative voltage values (relative to the middle ground) for the amplifier 42.
  • the potentiometer 36 should be adjusted so that circuit location 38 will be at a voltage value equivalent to the reference voltage established by zenner diode 43, the set point value, when the output from the oxygen sensor 20 .is at the transitional value. That is, the set point value should be selected to correspond to the selected transitional value of the exhaust'sensor.
  • a voltage divider may be used in place of potentiometer 36 where adjustability is not required.
  • a graph is shown illustrating the output signal characteristic of the typical oxygen sensor with three output signal characteristic curves shown demonstrating a high to low excursion at the stoichiometric air/fuel mixture .ratio.
  • the curve identified as 1 corresponds to the maximum output signal excursion which would be produced by a new sen sor operating at its maximum operating temperature.
  • Curves 2 and 3 are illustrative of the output signal characteristic evidenced by an oxygen sensor operating at successively cooler temperatures or which is successively older.
  • the signal curve 1 evidences a maximum excursion which, for way of example, would go from an output signal value of approximately 1.0 volts to an output signal value of 0.1 volts for increasing air/fuel ratio with the excursion occurring substantially at the stoichiometric mixture ratio. Extreme aging of the device or operation of the device at a temperature far below its normal operating temperature will result in a minimal signal excursion of about 0.2 volts.
  • the signal characteristics of the curves 1, 2, and 3 overlap for a narrow region of output signal (of about 0.05 volts) centered at a value of about 0.5 volts as the various signals demonstrate their excursion characteristic.
  • the transitional band for this sensor is thus about 0.05 volts wide and a nominal value of 0.5 volts may be selected as the representative transitional value. The set point value would then be selected to correspond to the transitional value of 0.5 volts.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the output of comparator device 40.
  • the comparator device output signal demonstrates a minimum to maximum excursion of from 0.7 volts to +0.7 volts for increasing values of the sensor output signal with the excursion occurring when the sensor output, signal equals the set point value, in this instance 0.5 volts.
  • the output of the comparator device will be independent of time based variations in the sensor output signal, due for example to sensor aging, and will also be independent of temperature band variations in the sensor output signal so long as the minimum sensor signal excursion is occurring and is passing through the selected transitional value.
  • FIG. 3 an electronic circuit is illustrated which accomplishes the general functions of the fuel delivery controller 50.
  • the illustrated circuit includes a major portion of the electronic'fuel injection computer according to copending commonly assigned patent application, Ser. No. 226,498 filed on Feb. 15, 1972 issued May 23, 1973 as US. Pat. No. 3,734,068 in the name of J1 N. Reddy and titled Electronic Fuel Control System Including Electronic Means For Providing A Continuous'Variable Correction Factor and is intended to be illustrative of one method for modulating fuel delivery in response to modulation commands of'a closed loop control.
  • the circuit of this figure is comprised of a pair of current sources 101, 102 which are alternately applied to a pair of timing capacitors 103, 104 by a switching network 105.
  • Threshold establishing circuit means 107 samples the highest voltage appearing across capacitors 103, 104 and compares this value with the level established by the signal received at input port 53 to compute the fuel injection command signal. This signal may be derived by various known techniques such as illustrated in the co-pending Reddy application.
  • the current source 101' is comprised of transistor 108 whose base is connected to the junction of a pair ment is operative to establish readily calculable levels of'current flow in the collectors of transistors 108, 109, respectively.
  • the collector of transistor 108 is then connected in a parallel fashion to the collectors of a pair of transistors 131, 132.
  • the collector of transistor 109 is connected in parallel to the collectors of a pairof transistors 133, 134.
  • the bases of transistors 131 and 134 are connected together through resistances 141, 142 while the bases of transistors 132, 133
  • resistances 143, 144 are connected by way of resistances 143, 144.
  • the junction of resistances 141, 142 is connected to terminal 51 while the junction of resistances 143,144 is connected to terminal 52.
  • the emitters of transistors 131 and 133 are connected to capacitor 103 while the emitters of transistors 132 and 134 are connected to capacitor 104.
  • This circuit is arranged to provide the current flow from current source 101 through transistor 13] to capacitor 103 and the current from source 102 through transistor 134 to capacitor 104 whenever a high voltage signal appears at terminal 51 and alow voltage signal appears at terminal 52.
  • the threshold establishing circuit receives a signal indicative of, for example, an engine operating parameter such as the manifold pressure at terminal 53 and this signal is applied to the base of transistor 172.
  • the base of transistor 171 receives, by way of diodes 161, 162, the signal from the one of capacitors 103, 104 whose accumulated charge, or voltage, is highest. As the emitters of transistors 171, 172 are coupledtogether, one of these transistors will be in conduction depending upon which has a base residing at a higher voltage value.
  • transistor 171 When the value appearing on the base of transistor 171 exceeds the value appearing on circuit input 170, transistor 171 will go into conduction and transistor '1 72 will drop out of conduction. Termination of conduction of transistor 172 will consequently terminate conduction of transistor 173. While transistor 172 was conducting, transistor 173 was also conducting and a relatively high voltage signal, as illustrated in FIG. 7, was present at terminal 54 due to the voltage divider action of resistors 182, 183. However, termination of conduction of transistor 173 will result in a substantially zero or ground level signal appearing at circuit location 174 due to the lack of current flow through the resistors 182, 183. This output signal may be applied to any of the known injector valve driver circuits one of which is illustrated in Ser. No. 130,349
  • Junuthula N Reddy Control Means For Controlling The Energy Provided To The Injector Valves Of An Electronically Controlled Fuel System to constitute an injection command signal.
  • the timingcapacitor discharging and initial charge controlling circuitry 106 is comprised of a plurality of reference level establishing means 210, 212, and 214, a pair of discharging means 216, 218, switching means 220 and a current source means 222.
  • the reference level establishing means 210, 21 2, and 214 are connected to the source of energy indicated as 3+ and are comprised of voltage dividermeans 224, 226, and 228, respectively, and voltage signal communicating transistor means 230, 232, and 234 respectively;
  • the voltage communicating transistor means 230, 232 and 234 are arranged to have their bases communicated to a portion of the voltage divider means so that a known level of voltage may appear thereon and their emitters are connected to a common point.
  • the collectors of the transistors 230 and 232 are coupled together and are communicated to ground through a diode means 236 while the collector of transistor 234 is communicated to ground through a separate diode means 238.
  • collector/diode junction of the transistors 230, 232 and 7 diode means 236 is communicated to the discharging means 216 while the collector/diode junction of transistor 234 and diode means-238 is communicated to the discharging means 218.
  • a complete cycle of a voltage waveform on the capacitors 103, 104 is illustrated.
  • the portion of the wave from a to f represents the voltage attributable to the current I from source 101 while the portion identified as 4 represents the portion attributable to the current l from source 102.
  • the various level changes and slopes present in the I initial portion of the waveform are attributable to the action of the reference level establishing means 210, 212,- 214 and the charging and discharging characteristics of the capacitors under the influence of the current I and the discharging means 106, 216, 218.
  • a similar wavefrom 180 degrees out of phase with this waveform is generated on the other of the capacitors 103, 104 so that the initial points a and f of the first and second portions of the waveforms on the capacitors 103, 104 coincide in timeand also coincide with the receipt of mutually exclusive triggering signals received on terminals 51, 52. Receipt of a relatively high signal at terminal 51 will result in a rapid dumping of the energy stored in capacitor 103 and the resultant application of current 1 to the capacitor 103 to charge that capacitor.
  • the voltage appearing on that capacitor as a result of the application of current I and as modulated by the action of the reference level establishing means 210, 212 will result in a voltage waveform appearing on capacitor 103 substantially as shown in FIG.
  • modulating network or means 118 is illustrated as communicating with the base of transistor 109 through resistance 119.
  • the modulating means 118 is comprised of an operational amplifier 120 having a capacitor 121 in its feedback loop communicating with the inverting input which also communicates through resistor 122 with a terminal 123. This terminal communicates directly with a similarly designated terminal of the comparator device 40 of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the operational amplifier will be operative to generate at the base of transistor 109 an output voltage which will either be gradually increasing in the case of a negative input signal from comparator 40 or will be gradually decreasing in the case of a positive input from the comparator 40 so as to add or subtract incremental units of base drive for transistor 109. This will result in increasing or decreasing the magnitude of the current I and hencelchanging the slope of the ramp voltage generatedat the capacitor 103, 104 receiving this current.
  • the present invention accomplishes its stated objectives.
  • a comparator responsive to the sensor with fixed maximum and minimum values,- and switchable therebetween in response to sensor signal excursions through the selected transitional value, the characteristic of the closed loop control signal applied to the fuel delivery controller is rendered independent of variation in the characteristic of the sensor signal so that the fuel delivery controller response is uniform and will only respond to variations in engine performance with respect to the set point.
  • An internal combustion engine control system for modulating an engine operating parameter substantially independently of environmentally induced sensor I output variations,-sai d control system comprising:
  • sensor means forexamining an engine operating variable operative -to generate a sensor means signal having an environmentally variable characteristic selected to be indicative of a quality of the combustion process occurring within the engine said variable characteristic being subject to environmentally induced variations; comparator means responsive to the sensor means signal operative to generate a comparator means output signal having a predetermined constant level signal established when said combustion process quality is one of a greater or lesser quality than a predetermined quality;
  • fuel delivery controller means receiving said gradually changing output signal and operative to modulate fuel delivery in response thereto;
  • said predetermined constant level signal and said predetermined integrating rate cause said fuel delivery modulation to be substantially independent of said environmentally induced variations in said sensor characteristic.
  • said sensor means signal variable characteristic varies with air/fuel ratio and comprises a transitional band portion intermediate a relatively high strength signal and a relatively low strength signal, said transitional band portion being constant with variations in said high and low strength signals induced by variations of at least one environmental condition; and occurring substantially at a selected air/fuel ratio;
  • said predetermined integrating rate and the difference between said predetermined and second constant signal levels causes saidfuel delivery controller to vary the air/fuel ratio about said selected air/fuel ratio within a range of air/fuel ratios substantially, independent of said variation of said at least one environmental condition.
  • said fuel delivery controller means comprises atleast one timing capacitor and current source means controllable to selectively charge said timing capacitor at a controllable rate from an initial value determined in accordance with a second engine operating variable to a threshold value determine in accordance with a third engine operating variable, said controllable rate being varied in accordance with said gradually changing output. signal to controllably modulate the quantities of fuel delivered to the associated engine independently of variations in fuel delivery commanded to accommodate changes in said second and third operating variables.
  • said relatively high strength signal level comprises a minimum high strength signal level and said relatively low strength sensor signal level comprises a maximum low strength signal level, said minimum high strength signal level and said maximum low strength signal level each varying with the temperature and aging characteristics of said sensor means and the difference between minimum high strength and maximum lower strength signal levels defining said constant transitional band so as to be substantially independent of the aging and temperature characteristics of said sensor means so that the fuel delivery controller means modulates fuel delivery sub- 10 v stantially independent of the aging and temperature characteristics of said sensor means.
  • said comparator means comprises an operational amplifier having an input terminal and an output terminal coupled by parallelly connected oppositely polled semiconductor current conducting devices each having a predetermined voltage drop when conducting, said predetermined voltage drops establishing the magnitude-of said constant signal levels and permitting said comparator means to switch substantially instantaneously from one of said constant signal levels to the other when said sensor means signal passes through said set point level so that the range in which said sensor means signal varies about said set point level is determined substantially by said magnitudes of said constant signal levels and said predetermined rate at which said integrator means integrates said comparator output signals.
  • An internal combustion engine controlling an engine parameter varying with operating conditions of an, internal combustion engine, saidcontrol system comprising:
  • a. sensor means operatively connected with said engine to provide a sensor means signal having a range of values varying with said engine parameter
  • comparator means connected to receive said sensor means signaland said set point level operative to establish one of a constant positive and negative polarity comparator output signal when saidv sensor means signal is greater than said set'point level and to establish the other of said constant positive and negative polarity comparator output signals when said sensor means signal is less than said set point level;
  • integrator means operatively connected with said comparator means to generate a control signal having a magnitude changing with the integral of said constant positive polarity comparator output signal when said constant positive polarity comparator output signal is established and with the integral of said constant negative polarity comparator output signal when said constant negative polarity comparator output signal is established;
  • control means operatively connecting said integrator means and said engine for controlling said engine to vary said engine parameter in accordance with said control signal
  • said comparator means comprises an operational amplifier having an input terminal and an output terminal coupled by parallelly connected oppositely polled semiconductor current conducting devices each having a predetermined voltage drop when conducting, said predetermined voltage drops establishing the magnitudes of said constant output signals and permitting said comparator means to switch substantially instantaneously from one of said constant positive and negative output 1 l signals to the other when said sensor means signal passes through said set point level so that said range in which said sensor means signal varies about said set point level is determined substantially by said magnitudes of said constant positive and negative polarity comparator output signals and the rate at which said integrator means integrates said comparator output signals 9.
  • said semiconductor devices comprise forward drops of said unidirectional current conducting devices having nominal forward voltage drops establishing said constant output signals.
  • control means comprises an operator controllable air/fuel delivery means for delivering controllable air/fuel mixture to the engine, said control means operative to control one of said airand fuel so as to vary the air/fuel ratio in a predetermined range about a selected air/fuel ratio.
  • An internal combustion engine control system for modulating an engine operating parameter substantially independently of environmentally induced sensor output variations, said control system comprising:
  • sensor means for examining an engine operating variable operative to generate a sensor means signal having an environmentally variable characteristic selected to be indicative of a quality of the combustion process occurring within the engine said vari- 12 able characteristic being subject to environmentally induced variations;
  • comparator means connected to said sensor means and said reference level establishing means operative to provide a comparator signal having first and second constant magnitudes when said sensor means signal is respectively above and below said set point level;
  • integrator means operatively connected with said comparator means operative to generate a control signal having a magnitude changing at a first predetermined integrating rate when the magnitude of said comparator signal is one of said first and second constant magnitudes and a second predeter- 1 mined integrating rate when the magnitude of said comparison signal is the other of said first and second constant magnitudes;
  • fuel delivery controller means receiving said gradually changing output signal and operative to modulate fuel delivery in response thereto;

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
US28920072 1972-09-14 1972-09-14 Closed loop engine control system Expired - Lifetime US3815561A (en)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US28920072 US3815561A (en) 1972-09-14 1972-09-14 Closed loop engine control system
DE19732336558 DE2336558B2 (de) 1972-09-14 1973-07-18 Einrichtung zur regelung der brennstoffzufuhr bei brennkraftmaschinen
GB3541773A GB1397502A (en) 1972-09-14 1973-07-25 Closed loope engine control system
BR639273A BR7306392D0 (pt) 1972-09-14 1973-08-20 Conjunto de controle de combustivel para motor de combustao interna
FR7331031A FR2329854A1 (fr) 1972-09-14 1973-08-28 Systeme de commande d'alimentation en combustible a boucle fermee pour moteur a combustion interne
JP10224973A JPS5241819B2 (pt) 1972-09-14 1973-09-12
IT2887373A IT993233B (it) 1972-09-14 1973-09-13 Impianto di regolazione elettronica ad anello chiuso dell alimentazione del combustibile ad un motore a combustione interna
FR7333112A FR2200439B2 (pt) 1972-09-14 1973-09-14
JP15326679U JPS5564441U (pt) 1972-09-14 1979-11-06

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US28920072 US3815561A (en) 1972-09-14 1972-09-14 Closed loop engine control system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3815561A true US3815561A (en) 1974-06-11

Family

ID=23110476

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US28920072 Expired - Lifetime US3815561A (en) 1972-09-14 1972-09-14 Closed loop engine control system

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3815561A (pt)
JP (2) JPS5241819B2 (pt)
BR (1) BR7306392D0 (pt)
DE (1) DE2336558B2 (pt)
FR (1) FR2329854A1 (pt)
GB (1) GB1397502A (pt)
IT (1) IT993233B (pt)

Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3899552A (en) * 1974-03-01 1975-08-12 Universal Oil Prod Co Carburetor with automatic air-fuel ratio adjustment control
US3903853A (en) * 1973-01-12 1975-09-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Exhaust emission control system for internal combustion engines
US3911884A (en) * 1973-09-12 1975-10-14 Hitachi Ltd Fuel injection system
US3916170A (en) * 1973-04-25 1975-10-28 Nippon Denso Co Air-fuel ratio feed back type fuel injection control system
US3923016A (en) * 1973-05-09 1975-12-02 Hitachi Ltd Electronic fuel injection apparatus for a fuel injection
US3939654A (en) * 1975-02-11 1976-02-24 General Motors Corporation Engine with dual sensor closed loop fuel control
US3952710A (en) * 1972-11-17 1976-04-27 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Air-fuel ratio control system for internal combustion engines
US3984976A (en) * 1974-06-17 1976-10-12 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Air-fuel ratio control system for automotive engine with compensation circuit for deterioration of feedback signal generator
US4019474A (en) * 1974-11-01 1977-04-26 Hitachi, Ltd. Air-fuel ratio regulating apparatus for an internal combustion engine with exhaust gas sensor characteristic compensation
US4030462A (en) * 1975-03-10 1977-06-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Air-fuel ratio controller for internal-combustion engine
US4048479A (en) * 1975-05-29 1977-09-13 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Optimum air/fuel mixture computer for internal combustion engines
US4075835A (en) * 1975-11-11 1978-02-28 Nippon Soken, Inc. Additional air control device
US4079711A (en) * 1975-11-21 1978-03-21 Nippon Soken, Inc. Air-fuel ratio controlling device
US4084563A (en) * 1975-11-11 1978-04-18 Nippon Soken, Inc. Additional air control device for an internal combustion engine
US4099491A (en) * 1975-02-25 1978-07-11 The Bendix Corporation System controlling any air/fuel ratio with stoichiometric sensor and asymmetrical integration
USRE29741E (en) * 1973-04-25 1978-08-22 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Air-fuel ratio feed back type fuel injection control system
US4108122A (en) * 1975-04-30 1978-08-22 The Bendix Corporation Air/fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine controlled by gas sensor in intake manifold
US4127088A (en) * 1975-12-25 1978-11-28 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Closed-loop emission control apparatus for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines having a plurality of exhaust systems
US4131089A (en) * 1976-02-09 1978-12-26 Nissan Motor Company, Ltd. Electronic closed loop air-fuel ratio control system
US4142482A (en) * 1976-02-09 1979-03-06 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Feedback emission control for internal combustion engines with variable reference compensation for change with time in performance of exhaust composition sensor
US4145999A (en) * 1976-03-22 1979-03-27 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic feedback control system for fuel injection in internal combustion engines of fuel injection type
US4158347A (en) * 1976-04-28 1979-06-19 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel supply system for use in internal combustion engine
US4171690A (en) * 1976-03-08 1979-10-23 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Emission control system for internal combustion engines utilizing balance differential amplifier stage
US4187806A (en) * 1976-05-22 1980-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel-air mixture control apparatus
US4214308A (en) * 1978-06-22 1980-07-22 The Bendix Corporation Closed loop sensor condition detector
US4287865A (en) * 1972-09-18 1981-09-08 The Bendix Corporation Closed loop engine control system
US4337647A (en) * 1979-12-07 1982-07-06 The Bendix Corporation Engine roughness sensor
US4789939A (en) * 1986-11-04 1988-12-06 Ford Motor Company Adaptive air fuel control using hydrocarbon variability feedback
USRE34183E (en) * 1986-02-05 1993-02-23 Electromotive Inc. Ignition control system for internal combustion engines with simplified crankshaft sensing and improved coil charging
US20090241506A1 (en) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas turbine system and method
US20110023814A1 (en) * 2008-08-04 2011-02-03 Liquidpiston, Inc. Isochoric Heat Addition Engines and Methods
US20120096829A1 (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-04-26 General Electric Company System and method for controlling a semi-closed power cycle system
US20130139785A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2013-06-06 Liquidpiston, Inc. Hybrid Cycle Rotary Engine
US8794211B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2014-08-05 Liquidpiston, Inc. Hybrid cycle combustion engine and methods
US20140218095A1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-07 Jim Technology Co., Ltd. Signal regulation device for an oxygen sensor
US20140309908A1 (en) * 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 Delbert Vosburg Electronically controlled lean out device for mechanical fuel injected engines
US9528435B2 (en) 2013-01-25 2016-12-27 Liquidpiston, Inc. Air-cooled rotary engine
RU2611104C2 (ru) * 2012-03-08 2017-02-21 Дженерал Электрик Компани Способ и система для измерения входного воздушного потока с использованием инертного газа

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2443413C2 (de) * 1974-09-11 1983-11-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Regelung des Betriebszustands einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE2463220C2 (de) * 1974-09-11 1985-05-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Regelung des Betriebsverhaltens einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE2545759C2 (de) * 1975-10-13 1982-10-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Beeinflussung der Massenverhältnisanteile des einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführten Kraftstoff-Luftgemisches
JPS5248729A (en) * 1975-10-16 1977-04-19 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Air-fuel ratio controller
JPS6042196Y2 (ja) * 1977-05-27 1985-12-24 日産自動車株式会社 空燃比制御装置

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2040778A (en) * 1932-01-28 1936-05-12 Doherty Res Co Combustion efficiency adjusting apparatus
US2369698A (en) * 1940-05-29 1945-02-20 Kidde & Co Walter Combustion control device
GB600895A (en) * 1945-12-14 1948-04-21 John Kenneth Wadsworth Baines Improved means for controlling the mixture of fuel and air supplied to internal combustion engines
US3365881A (en) * 1965-09-08 1968-01-30 United Aircraft Corp Gas turbine ignition detector
US3405259A (en) * 1963-11-27 1968-10-08 Hitachi Ltd Speed ordering devices utilizing comparator and integrator means
US3548795A (en) * 1969-04-23 1970-12-22 Bendix Corp Fluidic fuel injection system for combustion engine
US3607701A (en) * 1968-01-05 1971-09-21 Bailey Meters Controls Ltd Electrochemical analyzer for measuring the oxygen content of hot gases
US3616274A (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-10-26 Gen Motors Corp Method and apparatus for monitoring exhaust gas
US3696618A (en) * 1971-04-19 1972-10-10 Universal Oil Prod Co Control system for an engine system
US3707950A (en) * 1968-10-25 1973-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electronic control system for internal combustion engines
US3724430A (en) * 1969-10-15 1973-04-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection regulator for internal combustion engines
US3738341A (en) * 1969-03-22 1973-06-12 Philips Corp Device for controlling the air-fuel ratio {80 {11 in a combustion engine
US3745373A (en) * 1972-03-03 1973-07-10 Ampex Precision ramp generator with precise steady state output
US3745768A (en) * 1971-04-02 1973-07-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Apparatus to control the proportion of air and fuel in the air fuel mixture of internal combustion engines
US3759232A (en) * 1972-01-29 1973-09-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method and apparatus to remove polluting components from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
US3782347A (en) * 1972-02-10 1974-01-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method and apparatus to reduce noxious components in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL156787B (nl) * 1969-03-22 1978-05-16 Philips Nv Inrichting voor de automatische regeling van de lucht-brandstofverhouding van het aan een verbrandingsmotor toegevoerde mengsel.
DE2210775A1 (de) * 1972-03-07 1973-09-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Regeleinrichtung fuer das luft-kraftstoff-gemisch bei mit fremdzuendung arbeitenden einspritzbrennkraftmaschinen
JPS554942A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-01-14 Seiko Epson Corp Semi-conductor package

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2040778A (en) * 1932-01-28 1936-05-12 Doherty Res Co Combustion efficiency adjusting apparatus
US2369698A (en) * 1940-05-29 1945-02-20 Kidde & Co Walter Combustion control device
GB600895A (en) * 1945-12-14 1948-04-21 John Kenneth Wadsworth Baines Improved means for controlling the mixture of fuel and air supplied to internal combustion engines
US3405259A (en) * 1963-11-27 1968-10-08 Hitachi Ltd Speed ordering devices utilizing comparator and integrator means
US3365881A (en) * 1965-09-08 1968-01-30 United Aircraft Corp Gas turbine ignition detector
US3607701A (en) * 1968-01-05 1971-09-21 Bailey Meters Controls Ltd Electrochemical analyzer for measuring the oxygen content of hot gases
US3707950A (en) * 1968-10-25 1973-01-02 Bosch Gmbh Robert Electronic control system for internal combustion engines
US3738341A (en) * 1969-03-22 1973-06-12 Philips Corp Device for controlling the air-fuel ratio {80 {11 in a combustion engine
US3548795A (en) * 1969-04-23 1970-12-22 Bendix Corp Fluidic fuel injection system for combustion engine
US3724430A (en) * 1969-10-15 1973-04-03 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection regulator for internal combustion engines
US3616274A (en) * 1969-11-24 1971-10-26 Gen Motors Corp Method and apparatus for monitoring exhaust gas
US3745768A (en) * 1971-04-02 1973-07-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Apparatus to control the proportion of air and fuel in the air fuel mixture of internal combustion engines
US3696618A (en) * 1971-04-19 1972-10-10 Universal Oil Prod Co Control system for an engine system
US3759232A (en) * 1972-01-29 1973-09-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method and apparatus to remove polluting components from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
US3782347A (en) * 1972-02-10 1974-01-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Method and apparatus to reduce noxious components in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines
US3745373A (en) * 1972-03-03 1973-07-10 Ampex Precision ramp generator with precise steady state output

Cited By (45)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4287865A (en) * 1972-09-18 1981-09-08 The Bendix Corporation Closed loop engine control system
US3952710A (en) * 1972-11-17 1976-04-27 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Air-fuel ratio control system for internal combustion engines
US3903853A (en) * 1973-01-12 1975-09-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Exhaust emission control system for internal combustion engines
USRE29741E (en) * 1973-04-25 1978-08-22 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Air-fuel ratio feed back type fuel injection control system
US3916170A (en) * 1973-04-25 1975-10-28 Nippon Denso Co Air-fuel ratio feed back type fuel injection control system
US3923016A (en) * 1973-05-09 1975-12-02 Hitachi Ltd Electronic fuel injection apparatus for a fuel injection
US3911884A (en) * 1973-09-12 1975-10-14 Hitachi Ltd Fuel injection system
US3899552A (en) * 1974-03-01 1975-08-12 Universal Oil Prod Co Carburetor with automatic air-fuel ratio adjustment control
US3984976A (en) * 1974-06-17 1976-10-12 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Air-fuel ratio control system for automotive engine with compensation circuit for deterioration of feedback signal generator
US4019474A (en) * 1974-11-01 1977-04-26 Hitachi, Ltd. Air-fuel ratio regulating apparatus for an internal combustion engine with exhaust gas sensor characteristic compensation
US3939654A (en) * 1975-02-11 1976-02-24 General Motors Corporation Engine with dual sensor closed loop fuel control
US4099491A (en) * 1975-02-25 1978-07-11 The Bendix Corporation System controlling any air/fuel ratio with stoichiometric sensor and asymmetrical integration
US4030462A (en) * 1975-03-10 1977-06-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Air-fuel ratio controller for internal-combustion engine
US4108122A (en) * 1975-04-30 1978-08-22 The Bendix Corporation Air/fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine controlled by gas sensor in intake manifold
US4048479A (en) * 1975-05-29 1977-09-13 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Optimum air/fuel mixture computer for internal combustion engines
US4075835A (en) * 1975-11-11 1978-02-28 Nippon Soken, Inc. Additional air control device
US4084563A (en) * 1975-11-11 1978-04-18 Nippon Soken, Inc. Additional air control device for an internal combustion engine
US4079711A (en) * 1975-11-21 1978-03-21 Nippon Soken, Inc. Air-fuel ratio controlling device
US4127088A (en) * 1975-12-25 1978-11-28 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Closed-loop emission control apparatus for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines having a plurality of exhaust systems
US4131089A (en) * 1976-02-09 1978-12-26 Nissan Motor Company, Ltd. Electronic closed loop air-fuel ratio control system
US4142482A (en) * 1976-02-09 1979-03-06 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Feedback emission control for internal combustion engines with variable reference compensation for change with time in performance of exhaust composition sensor
US4171690A (en) * 1976-03-08 1979-10-23 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Emission control system for internal combustion engines utilizing balance differential amplifier stage
US4145999A (en) * 1976-03-22 1979-03-27 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Electronic feedback control system for fuel injection in internal combustion engines of fuel injection type
US4158347A (en) * 1976-04-28 1979-06-19 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel supply system for use in internal combustion engine
US4187806A (en) * 1976-05-22 1980-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel-air mixture control apparatus
US4214308A (en) * 1978-06-22 1980-07-22 The Bendix Corporation Closed loop sensor condition detector
US4337647A (en) * 1979-12-07 1982-07-06 The Bendix Corporation Engine roughness sensor
USRE34183E (en) * 1986-02-05 1993-02-23 Electromotive Inc. Ignition control system for internal combustion engines with simplified crankshaft sensing and improved coil charging
US4789939A (en) * 1986-11-04 1988-12-06 Ford Motor Company Adaptive air fuel control using hydrocarbon variability feedback
US9523310B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2016-12-20 Liquidpiston, Inc. Hybrid cycle combustion engine and methods
US8794211B2 (en) 2004-01-12 2014-08-05 Liquidpiston, Inc. Hybrid cycle combustion engine and methods
US20130139785A1 (en) * 2006-08-02 2013-06-06 Liquidpiston, Inc. Hybrid Cycle Rotary Engine
US9644570B2 (en) 2006-08-02 2017-05-09 Liquidpiston, Inc. Hybrid cycle rotary engine
US8863723B2 (en) * 2006-08-02 2014-10-21 Liquidpiston, Inc. Hybrid cycle rotary engine
US20090241506A1 (en) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gas turbine system and method
US8863724B2 (en) 2008-08-04 2014-10-21 Liquidpiston, Inc. Isochoric heat addition engines and methods
US20110023814A1 (en) * 2008-08-04 2011-02-03 Liquidpiston, Inc. Isochoric Heat Addition Engines and Methods
US9382851B2 (en) 2008-08-04 2016-07-05 Liquidpiston, Inc. Isochoric heat addition engines and methods
US8813472B2 (en) * 2010-10-21 2014-08-26 General Electric Company System and method for controlling a semi-closed power cycle system
US20120096829A1 (en) * 2010-10-21 2012-04-26 General Electric Company System and method for controlling a semi-closed power cycle system
RU2611104C2 (ru) * 2012-03-08 2017-02-21 Дженерал Электрик Компани Способ и система для измерения входного воздушного потока с использованием инертного газа
US9528435B2 (en) 2013-01-25 2016-12-27 Liquidpiston, Inc. Air-cooled rotary engine
US20140218095A1 (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-07 Jim Technology Co., Ltd. Signal regulation device for an oxygen sensor
US20140309908A1 (en) * 2013-04-12 2014-10-16 Delbert Vosburg Electronically controlled lean out device for mechanical fuel injected engines
US9638126B2 (en) * 2013-04-12 2017-05-02 Delbert Vosburg Electronically controlled lean out device for mechanical fuel injected engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4968122A (pt) 1974-07-02
JPS5564441U (pt) 1980-05-02
DE2336558A1 (de) 1974-03-28
DE2336558B2 (de) 1977-12-08
FR2329854A1 (fr) 1977-05-27
FR2329854B1 (pt) 1978-03-24
BR7306392D0 (pt) 1974-06-27
IT993233B (it) 1975-09-30
JPS5241819B2 (pt) 1977-10-20
GB1397502A (en) 1975-06-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3815561A (en) Closed loop engine control system
US4241710A (en) Closed loop system
US4426987A (en) Method and apparatus for controlling the composition of the combustible mixture of an engine
US4064846A (en) Method and apparatus for controlling an internal combustion engine
US3796197A (en) Electronic regulator with fuel injection control for diesel engines
US3948228A (en) Exhaust gas sensor operational detection system
US4015566A (en) Electronic ignition control system for internal combustion engines
US4221193A (en) Fuel injection system for an automotive internal combustion engine equipped with a fuel cut off control signal generator
US4269156A (en) Air/fuel ratio management system with calibration correction for manifold pressure differentials
US3788285A (en) Electronic fuel injection control device
US4159697A (en) Acceleration enrichment circuit for fuel injection system having potentiometer throttle position input
US4167925A (en) Closed loop system equipped with a device for producing a reference signal in accordance with the output signal of a gas sensor for internal combustion engine
US4789939A (en) Adaptive air fuel control using hydrocarbon variability feedback
US4214563A (en) Exhaust gas temperature detection by injection of time-varying current
US3659571A (en) Electronic speed regulating arrangement for internal combustion engines
US4096833A (en) Circuit for frequency modulated fuel injection system
US3981288A (en) Apparatus for reducing the toxic components in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines
GB1587603A (en) Method and device for monitoring the operational readiness of a probe
US3771502A (en) Circuit for providing electronic warm-up enrichment fuel compensation which is independent of intake manifold pressure in an electronic fuel control system
GB1568960A (en) Fuel control system for an internal combustion engine
US4381746A (en) Method of controlling the rotational speed of an internal combustion engine
US4140086A (en) Apparatus for adjusting the combustible mixture of an internal combustion engine
US4091773A (en) Frequency modulated single point fuel injection circuit with duty cycle modulation
US4287865A (en) Closed loop engine control system
US3720191A (en) Acceleration enrichment circuitry for electronic fuel system

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SIEMENS-BENDIX AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS L.P., A LIMI

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALLIED-SIGNAL INC.;REEL/FRAME:005006/0282

Effective date: 19881202

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED FILE - (OLD CASE ADDED FOR FILE TRACKING PURPOSES)