US3807721A - Mechanical clamping device - Google Patents

Mechanical clamping device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3807721A
US3807721A US00203987A US20398771A US3807721A US 3807721 A US3807721 A US 3807721A US 00203987 A US00203987 A US 00203987A US 20398771 A US20398771 A US 20398771A US 3807721 A US3807721 A US 3807721A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
balls
hollow spindle
improvement according
spindle
toggle lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00203987A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
F Arnold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE19722242054 priority Critical patent/DE2242054A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3807721A publication Critical patent/US3807721A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/183—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions conveying only reciprocating motion, e.g. wedges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B1/00—Vices
    • B25B1/06—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws
    • B25B1/10—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws
    • B25B1/106—Arrangements for positively actuating jaws using screws with mechanical or hydraulic power amplifiers

Definitions

  • a push rod is slidable in the hollow spindle for transmitting force from a toggle (gill. mechanism to the Slide.
  • a toggle gill. mechanism to the Slide.
  • the invention relates to a mechanical clamping device, more especially a vise for the clamping of workpieces, the said device having a hollow spindle which is screwable in the stationary part of the vise, a push rod which is mounted in an axially displaceable manner in this spindle and which exerts the clamping pressure, a driving spindle which is axially screwable in an extension of the hollow spindle, a torque clutch connected between the driving spindle and the hollow spindle and a toggle-lever power amplifier arranged between the driving spindle and the push rod.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a vise having a toggle-lever power amplifier which can be accommodated in the confined space available in the extension of the hollow spindle and with which, despite comparatively small dimensions, veryhigh clamping forces can be achieved with low stressing of the toggle-lever system and correspondingly slight wear.
  • the toggle-lever power amplifier consists of several pairs of toggle levers arranged concentrically with respect to the spindle axis and a tapering pressure bolt which is displaceable by the driving spindle and which has bearing-surface areas corresponding to the number of the toggle levers.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal section through a vise having a mechanical power amplifier
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through a part of this vise on a larger scale.
  • the upper half of this longitudinal section shows the moving parts in the rest position, while the lower half shows them in the clamping position;
  • FIG. 2a is a fragmentary longitudinal section of part of a vise according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section along the line III-III in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 shows the top plan view of a push rod forming part of the power amplifier
  • FIG. 5 is a front end view of this push rod as seen in the direction indicated by the arrow V in FIG. 4; 9
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary side elevation illustrating a further embodiment of a toggle-lever power amplifier
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary longitudinal section showing part of FIG. 2 on a larger scale
  • FIG. 8 shows a guide body in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 9 shows this guide body in cross section; along the lines IXIX of FIG. 8
  • FIG. 10 shows a further guide body in longitudinal section
  • FIG. 11 shows this further guide body in cross section.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates the base plate of a vise, which base plateis formed integrally with a stationary clamping jaw 2 and a bearing support 3 in which is screwably arranged a hollow spindle 5 having an external screw-thread 4.
  • This hollow spindle 5 is mounted by means of a neck portion 6 in the rearward part 7 of a slide 8, the front part 10 of which is provided with a movable clamping jaw 9.
  • the hollow spindle 5 has extensions 5a, 5b, which form together with the hollow spindle a rigid assembly.
  • a sleeve 12 Connected securely to the extension part 5b is a sleeve 12 which at the same time serves as a clutch part and in which a driving spindle 13 is screwed.
  • the end 14 of the spindle 13 is connected securely to a head piece 15 which in its turn is connected securely to a sleeve 16 and a disc 17.
  • a hand crank 18 is provided with a polygonal axle 19 which can be inserted into a corresponding polygonal aperture in the disc 17. For the clamping of a workpiece 20, this hand crank 18 is rotated in a clockwise direction and, for releasing the workpiece, in the counterclockwise direction.
  • a torque clutch Connected between hollow spindle 5, 5a, 5b and driving spindle 13 is a torque clutch.
  • toner clutch Connected between hollow spindle 5, 5a, 5b and driving spindle 13 is a torque clutch.
  • this end a dog clutch is provided, which consists of the clamped.
  • this power amclutch disc 22 provided with dogs 21 which are engageable in corresponding recesses in the sleeve 12.
  • the clutch disc 22 is movable in a longitudinal direction on the extension 23 of the operating spindle, however, is secured on the spindle '23 against-rotation.
  • a disc 24 is connected to the extension 23' of the driving spindle l3.
  • a compression spring 25 Arranged between this disc and the clutch disc 22 is a compression spring 25 which, at the beginning of the clamping operation, i.e.
  • the slide 8 is advanced to the workpiece 20 by means of the push rod 11 which is displaced by the spindle 5 and which subjects the workpiece to a slight initial stressing.
  • the clutch disc 22 becomes disengagedfrom the sleeve 12 by displacement in the direction A, so that the hollow spindle 5, 5a, Sbceases to rotate, while the driving spindle 13 is screwed further in thedirection A by being rotated in.
  • the extension 23 of the spindle 13 acts through a power amplifier so as to exert a very substantial displacing force on the push rod ll in the direction of the arrow A, whereby the workpiece 20 is securely plifier consists of three pairs of toggle levers, which are arranged concentrically with respect to the spindle axis, and a tapered pressure bolt 26 or 26a which is displaceable by the extension 23 of the driving spindle 13 and which has six supporting surfaces 27 or 27a corresponding to the number of toggle levers, in other words six in the case of the embodiment illustrated.
  • each of the toggle levers consists of three steel balls, namely a central steel ball 28 and two end balls 29, and two compression arms 31 which are provided at their ends with bearing cups 30 and which are supported against the steel'balls 28, 29 by these bearing cups.
  • the end balls 29 are supported on the one hand against an abutment member 32 which is rigidly connected to the spindle extension 5a and on the other hand against an abutment member 33 which is displaceable in the direction of the spindle axis and which acts through the intermediary of a helical compression spring on the push rod 11.
  • Further bearing cups 30 for the end balls 29 are provided in these abutment members 32, 33.
  • bearing cups 30 have the form of partspherical segments the radius of curvature of which corresponds with the radius of the balls 29, so that the high compression forces produced are advantageously transmitted via relatively large ball surface areas.
  • radial guides 35 are provided for the central balls 28 of the toggle levers or the compression members 31 thereof.
  • the abutment members 32 and 33 have wedge-shaped axial extensions 36, so that the radial guides 35 are formed between them.
  • This hollow body can, in the case of the embodiment according to FIGS. 8, 9, consist of a diecasting, or else, in the case of the embodiment according to FIGS. 10, ll consist of a sheet metal body comprising wedge-shaped sheet metal segments 41 and sheet metal ,ring 42 which surrounds and securely interconnects these metal segments.
  • the pressure bolt 26 has a variable taper increasing towards the free end, and longitudinal grooves 27 are formed in this pressure bolt for receiving the central steel balls 28 and supporting them on a circular base line the radius of which corresponds with the radius of the balls.
  • the plane of contact of a central ball 28 with the pressure bolt 26 is indicated by a chain dotted line at a, a".
  • the corresponding supporting surface 27 has a radius of curvature r which corresponds with the ball radius.
  • the central balls 28 thus have no point contact with the pressure bolt, but rather a circular linear contact, so that a more favorable transmission of force between pressure bolt and the six balls 28 is thus achieved.
  • the taper angle of the pressure bolt 26 can be selected to suit working requir'ements or working characteristics, so that a change of the working characteristics of the toggle-lever system can only be obtained by removing the pressure bolt and replacing by one with a different taper angle.
  • the taper angle of the pressure bolt changes progressively towards the end of the latter, the result can be that, upon the clamping of the vise, i.e. upon rotation of the driving crank 18, a constant driving moment will be obtained, although the transmission ratios in the toggle-lever system constantly change.
  • a higher rate of feed of the push rod 11 is obtained initially, which then becomes smaller as the clamping force increases. Also a saving in time is achieved, since less revolutions of the driving spindle 13 are necessary for the entire clamping procedure.
  • the pressure bolt 26 acts with six pressure surfaces 27 on six toggle levers or three pairs of toggle levers, so that a favourable power distribution is obtained and with six toggle levers a high clamping force acting on the push rod 11 is achieved. Since each toggle-lever is loaded with only one-sixth of this clamping force, the toggle levers can be of comparatively small dimensions and the wear to which they will be subjected will be correspondingly slight. This wear is further reduced by the use of steel balls 28, 29, as is customary in the case of ball bearings, and hardened compression arms 31 as well as a hardened pressure bolt 26. Moreover, the space 43 containing the pairs of toggle levers, i.e.
  • the space within the spindle extension 50 between the two abutment members 32 and 33 is for the most part filled with oil.
  • o-rings 44 are provided between the spindle extension 5a and the abutment members 33 and 32 or between the pressure bolt 26 and the abutment-32.
  • the central balls 28a of the toggle levers may each be formed with a flat surface 45 by means of which it is supported upon a corresponding one of the inclined surfaces 27a of the pressure bolt 26a.
  • This pressure bolt by virtue of its flat inclined supporting surfaces 27a, has a uniform taper. It is, however, more advantageous, instead of having sliding frictional contact between the surfaces 45 and 27a, to provide a rolling contact between them, i.e. while retaining the uniform taper of the pressure bolt, to provide longitudinal grooves 27 instead of the flat surfaces 27a, in which the central balls 28 are supported on a circular base line (as previously described).
  • the several interchangeable pressure bolts may be provided with differing taper angles.
  • FIG. 20 there is additionally shown an arrangement in which the pairs of toggle levers 29 to 32 are supported with respect to the hollow spindle 5b via strong plate springs 46. The. result is thereby achieved that the high tension exerted by these plate springs is also maintained when the clamping jaws of the vise somewhat compress'unevennesses in the surface of a workpiece.
  • the clamping jaw 9 is thus guided to the workpiece 20 which must be clamped.
  • the clutch disc 22 disengages with respect to the clutch sleeve 12.
  • the clutch disc 22 is then not further rotated together with the hollow spindle 5, thus is stopped so that during further rotation of the operating spindle 13, the operating spindle 13 is rotated relative to the clutch sleeve-l2.
  • the operating spindle 13 and its extension 23 are moved in direction A through the threaded connection between the spindle l3 and the clutch sleeve 12 and presses the pressure bolt 26 into the same direction so that this pressure bolt presses the pairs of toggles 31 outwardly.
  • the abutment 33 is moved in direction A and thus also the push rod 11 so that said push rod then according to FIG. I presses the slide 10 farther in direction A.
  • a clamping device of this type may happen that during an unclamping of the workpiece, that is during a turning back of the drive spindle, that same is turned back immediately through the friction moment which has been produced by the released clutch 22 so that the torque clutch dog 21 does not again engage in the rec'ess therefor.
  • This has the disadvantage during the next clamping operation that a tensioning power which is too little is applied on the workpiece.
  • a mechanical clamping device having means de fining a hollow spindle means rotatably supported on a slide member, said hollow spindle means being threadably engageable in a stationary bearing block and rotatably drivable by means of a hand crank through a drive shaft and a torque coupling, an abutment member axially fixed with respect to said hollow spindle, a longitudinally movable force applying pressing rod and a plurality of toggle lever means expandable in length and being engageable with and positioned between one side of said abutment member and said force applying pressing rod, wherein the improvement comprises means defining a head on one end of said force applying pressing rod housed completely within said hollow spindle means and engaging said toggle lever means, said abutment member including means defining a surface positioned within said hollow spindle means and longitudinally movable pressure bolt means secured to said hand crank means through said torque coupling and being movable longitudinally in response to a driving of said hand crank means and a disengagement of said torque coupling,
  • said hollow spindle means includes a hollow sleeve having wall means at one end thereof, said wall means having an opening therethrough, said force applying pressing rod being slidably disposed in said opening;
  • said head is movable between said wall means and said toggle levers.
  • each of said toggle lever means comprises a central ball and two end balls and two compression arms which have bearing cups at their ends and which are supported by said bearing cups against said balls, said bearing cups for said balls also being provided on said surface means on said abutment member and on said head.
  • each of said bearing cups has the form of a spherical segment, the radius of curvature of whichcorresponds with the radius of the balls.
  • said guide part consists of wedge-shaped sheet metal segments and a sheet metal ring which surrounds and securely connects said segments.
  • said pressure bolt means has means defining several longitudinal grooves therein and in which said central balls are supported on a circular base line, the radius of which corresponds with the radius of the balls.
  • said pressure bolt means includes means permitting an interchanging with several pressure bolts having a differing taper angle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
US00203987A 1970-12-10 1971-12-02 Mechanical clamping device Expired - Lifetime US3807721A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19722242054 DE2242054A1 (de) 1971-12-02 1972-08-26 Kopfbedeckung mit behaelter fuer kleine gegenstaende

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2060881A DE2060881C3 (de) 1970-12-10 1970-12-10 Mechanische Spanneinrichtung, insbesondere Maschinenschraubstock

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3807721A true US3807721A (en) 1974-04-30

Family

ID=5790625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00203987A Expired - Lifetime US3807721A (en) 1970-12-10 1971-12-02 Mechanical clamping device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3807721A (de)
DE (1) DE2060881C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2118037B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1363697A (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902707A (en) * 1972-12-20 1975-09-02 Saurer Allma Gmbh Drive spindle for a vise
US3941362A (en) * 1973-09-17 1976-03-02 Saurer-Allma Gmbh, Allgaeuer Maschinenbau Clamping device, in particular a machine vise
US5192061A (en) * 1991-04-17 1993-03-09 Gressel Ag Clamp element, including a rapid feed device combined with a force amplifier
US5192062A (en) * 1991-04-17 1993-03-09 Gressel Ag Clamping force adjusting device for a clamp device
ES2061370A2 (es) * 1991-08-22 1994-12-01 Kesel Georg Gmbh & Co Kg Amplificador de fuerza mecanico, asi como mordaza para maquina que presenta un amplificador de fuerza de este tipo.
US5683077A (en) * 1996-05-10 1997-11-04 Fink; Paul David Vise handle with torque control
US6345567B1 (en) * 1998-10-06 2002-02-12 The Whitaker Corporation Power enhancing unit for a linear power module
US20050034556A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-02-17 Kelley Pate Manual Handle Apparatus
CN103231321A (zh) * 2011-11-21 2013-08-07 沃尔特·迈耶(制造)公司 便携式工件夹持装置及组件
US20150343606A1 (en) * 2015-08-11 2015-12-03 Hsi-Shui Lin Vise
TWI560028B (de) * 2015-12-17 2016-12-01
TWI564117B (zh) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-01 Improved structure of double force vise
CN106425907A (zh) * 2015-08-10 2017-02-22 恒佶工业有限公司 双夹倍力式虎钳结构

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3625753A1 (de) * 1986-07-30 1988-02-04 Festo Kg Spannvorrichtung
DE8711795U1 (de) * 1987-09-01 1988-12-29 Gressel AG, Aadorf, Thurgau Spannvorrichtung mit mechanischem Kraftverstärker
GB8901377D0 (en) * 1989-01-21 1989-03-15 Jtr Controls Ltd Vices

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3400924A (en) * 1964-04-07 1968-09-10 Arnold Franz Clamping device
US3650522A (en) * 1968-12-03 1972-03-21 Gressel Ag Mechanical clamping device, in particular machine vice

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3400924A (en) * 1964-04-07 1968-09-10 Arnold Franz Clamping device
US3650522A (en) * 1968-12-03 1972-03-21 Gressel Ag Mechanical clamping device, in particular machine vice

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3902707A (en) * 1972-12-20 1975-09-02 Saurer Allma Gmbh Drive spindle for a vise
US3941362A (en) * 1973-09-17 1976-03-02 Saurer-Allma Gmbh, Allgaeuer Maschinenbau Clamping device, in particular a machine vise
US5192061A (en) * 1991-04-17 1993-03-09 Gressel Ag Clamp element, including a rapid feed device combined with a force amplifier
US5192062A (en) * 1991-04-17 1993-03-09 Gressel Ag Clamping force adjusting device for a clamp device
ES2061370A2 (es) * 1991-08-22 1994-12-01 Kesel Georg Gmbh & Co Kg Amplificador de fuerza mecanico, asi como mordaza para maquina que presenta un amplificador de fuerza de este tipo.
US5683077A (en) * 1996-05-10 1997-11-04 Fink; Paul David Vise handle with torque control
US6345567B1 (en) * 1998-10-06 2002-02-12 The Whitaker Corporation Power enhancing unit for a linear power module
US20050034556A1 (en) * 2003-08-11 2005-02-17 Kelley Pate Manual Handle Apparatus
CN103231321A (zh) * 2011-11-21 2013-08-07 沃尔特·迈耶(制造)公司 便携式工件夹持装置及组件
CN103231321B (zh) * 2011-11-21 2016-12-21 Jpw实业公司 便携式工件夹持装置及组件
US11446789B2 (en) 2011-11-21 2022-09-20 Jpw Industries Inc. Portable work holding device and assembly
TWI564117B (zh) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-01 Improved structure of double force vise
CN106425907A (zh) * 2015-08-10 2017-02-22 恒佶工业有限公司 双夹倍力式虎钳结构
US20150343606A1 (en) * 2015-08-11 2015-12-03 Hsi-Shui Lin Vise
US9808913B2 (en) * 2015-08-11 2017-11-07 Hsi-Shui Lin Vise
TWI560028B (de) * 2015-12-17 2016-12-01

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2118037B1 (de) 1976-03-26
DE2060881C3 (de) 1975-02-06
GB1363697A (en) 1974-08-14
FR2118037A1 (de) 1972-07-28
DE2060881B2 (de) 1974-05-30
DE2060881A1 (de) 1972-06-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3807721A (en) Mechanical clamping device
US5351943A (en) Multiple vice for clamping at least two workpieces
US4590787A (en) Screw press
US6012712A (en) Double vise with self-setting clamping with the same or different size workpieces
US3484094A (en) Clamping device having an operating screw portion
US4386544A (en) Device for rotatably gripping a cylindrical piece
US3650522A (en) Mechanical clamping device, in particular machine vice
US3785050A (en) Coupling attachment device
US4401308A (en) Scroll chuck device
US3603579A (en) Fluid-actuated vises
US4932643A (en) Machinist's vise
US3147002A (en) Mechanical-hydraulic fastening device
JPS5858163B2 (ja) バランスチヤツク
JP3011903B2 (ja) 機械的な増力器を有する締め付け装置
US5273264A (en) Pneumatic quick vise
CN216227998U (zh) 一种轴套加工用固定模具
JPH0549207U (ja) 旋盤用チャック
US2518102A (en) Antifriction guideway for slidable vise jaws
US4044623A (en) Toggle-lever power amplifier
US3157408A (en) Chuck construction
JPH05192872A (ja) 緊定駆動装置
US3712104A (en) Apparatus for clamping workpieces in draw benches for the like
JP2758202B2 (ja) 万力の駆動装置
DE3041267A1 (de) Drueckmaschine
SU473340A3 (ru) Зажимное устройство дл закреплени изделий