Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
  • C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
  • C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
  • C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
  • C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
  • C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
  • C08G18/4205—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups
  • C08G18/4208—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups
  • C08G18/4211—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing cyclic groups containing aromatic groups derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acids and dialcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
  • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
  • C09D175/06—Polyurethanes from polyesters

Definitions

• varnishes having good properties can be prepared by the poly-addition process through the combination of polyfunctional isocyanates with polyesters containing two or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule.
• the resulting polyurethane varnishes are characterized as a rule by great elasticity coupled with outstanding hardness and wear resistance, and by their good resistance to chemicals.
• polyesters containing hydroxyl groups which are used in the creation of such polyurethane systems, are prepared by the esterification of dicarboxylic acids with an excess of bivalent or higher-valency alcohols.
• esters are not a hydrolysis-resistant class of compounds, so that they bring into the varnish system a certain sensitivity to hydrolyzing influences. If such polyurethane varnishes are exposed to the action of boiling water, the film is often destroyed 'within only a few hours. This disadvantage can be oifset to a certain degree by using polyether glycols instead of polyesters containing hydroxyl groups.
• Polyurethanes on a basis of polyethers do not offer good resistance to weathering. Polyethers are not used in varnishes to any appreciable extent owing to their poor resistance to oxidation.
• the deficient hydrolysis resistance of polyurethane varnishes can be compensated by the use of relatively short-chained diols and triols instead of the polyesters containing hydroxyl groups, but the quality of the polyurethane varnishes formed in this manner is not good.
• a better approach is represented by systems in which dimeric and/or trimeric fatty alcohols with an average content of 36 and 54 carbon atoms, respectively, are used as hydroxyl components.
• the adhesion of such systems to metals is poor and can be improved to a sufiicient degree only by applying a number of coats of the varnish.
• None of the known combinations possesses, to the desired extent, good adhesion, resistance to hydrolysis and solubility in the solvents commonly used in the varnish industry, in addition to the required mechanical characteristics.
• the polyurethane varnishes of this invention comprise products of polyisocyanates, preferably on the basis of 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate, and polyesters containing hydroxyl groups prepared from terephthalic acid and a diol, or mixtures of diols and triols, at least 50 mol percent of which is constituted by 2,2,4- or 2,4,4-trirnethylhexanediol-( 1,6) or mixtures thereof.
• the polyol component must contain the mentioned diol(s) and may contain other diols and/or triols up to 50 mole-percent of the total polyol content.
• the process for the preparation of these products from polyisocyanates and compounds containing hydroxyl groups by known methods is especially characterized by the fact that polyesters prepared from terephthalic acid and 2,4,4- or 2,4,4-trimethylhexanediol-(1,6) or mixtures thereof are used as the compounds containing hydroxyl groups, the diol component of the polyester being replaceable up to 50 mole-percent by other diols and/or triols.
• These polyesters containing hydroxyl groups can be prepared in a known, conventional manner. There are two processes available for the purpose.
• the starting product is terephthalic acid that is free of mineral acid and which must be refined in some cases by recrystallization.
• the ratio of acid equivalents to alcohol is governed, of course, by the desired molecule size and by the OH number that is to be established.
• a catalyst e.g., tin compounds such as di-n-butyltin oxide, di-n-butyltin diester etc., or titanium esters, especially tetraisopropyltitanate
• the reaction components are placed in a suitable apparatus and heated while an inert gas, such as nitrogen, is passed through the mixture.
• the first yielding of water takes place at about 180 C., the water being removed from the reaction mixture by distillation. After several hours the reaction temperaure is raised to 240 C. The reaction medium remains unhomogeneous until shortly before the end of complete esterification. After about 24 hours the reaction has ended.
• the starting product is terephthalic acid dimethyl ester and it is re-esterified with the desired alcohol components while an inert gas such as nitrogen is passed through it.
• the re-esterification cata lysts can again be titanium esters, dialkyl tin esters or din-butyltin oxide in concentrations of 0.005 to 0.5 wt.-percent. After a temperature of about C. is reached the first yielding of methanol occurs. After several hours the temperature is increased to 220-230 C. The re-esterification is concluded after 2 to 24 hours depending on the batch mixture selected.
• polyesters containing hydroxyl groups prepared in this manner are of a fluid to resinous consistency.
• the esterification products are colored yellow to light brown,
• the molecular weight ranges from that of the simple ester prepared from 2 moles of trimethylhexanediol and 1 mole of terephthalic acid to as much as 4000.
• the prefered range is from 1500 to 2500. If the trimethylhexanediol is replaced by other diols and/or triols, the above maximum can be exceeded in some cases.
• the esters are soluble in solvents commonly used in varnish manufacture, such as butyl acetate, ethyl glycol acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, xylene and naphthene hydrocarbons, to produce high concentrations.
• Viscosities desirable for practical purposes can be achieved with solutions of 60 to 70 percent by weight.
• Comparable polyesters on a basic of terephthalic acid, ethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol and hexanediol-(l,6) are vidtually insoluble.
• trimethylhexanediols named above can be used both individually and in mixtures for the preparation of the polyesters containing hydroxyl groups. Preferred is an approximately 1:1 mixture of the isomers as produced.
• Examples of other diols and triols are: ethylene glycol, propylene glycols, butanediols, hexandiols differing from the above-mentioned trimethylhexanediols, octadecene-9,l-diol-(1,12), thiodiglycol, 2,2-dimethylpropanedid-(1,3), octadecanediol, 2-ethy1hexanediol-(1,3), 2,4- dimethyl-Z-propylheptanediol-( 1,3), butenediol-( 1,4) or butynediol-(1,4), diethyleneglycol, triethyleneglycol, glycerine, hexanetriol-(1,2,6) etc.
• polyesters containing hydroxyl groups By reaction with aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic polyisocyanates, according to known methods, these polyesters containing hydroxyl groups produce coatings having good mechanical properties as well as excellent adhesion and hydrolysis resistance in only one coat on metals.
• Suitable polyisocyanates in the meaning of the present invention are those which can be obtained by the oligornerization of diisocyanates, the reaction of such isocyanates with compounds having at least two active hydrogen atoms, and by reaction with water with the formation of biuret structures.
• polyisocyanates on the basis of 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate is particularly preferred.
• Particularly suitable here is the trimerized form of 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate as well as addition products formed with polyvalent alcohols enumerated above.
• the reaction of the polyisocyanates with the polyesters containing hydroxyl groups is preformed under the usual conditions.
• the components are mixed at room temperature or slightly elevated temperature and applied to the products that are to be coated.
• the mixtures are then baked on to produce the actual coating.
• the baking temperature depends on the nature of the starting products; for example, it may range from 100 to 150 C., although higher or lower temperatures are possible.
• the systems are especially suitable for two-component bake-on varnishes in which good adherence and resistance to hot water are required in addition to the qualities usually required in polyurethane varnishes.
• EXAMPLE 1 TWO-COMPONENT POLYURETHANE VARNISH (a) Polyester component 664 g. of refined terephthalic acid and 736 g. of 2,2,4- and 2,4,4-trimethylhexanediol-(1,6) in a 1:1 isomeric mixture were condensed by passing nitrogen through the mixture and slowly raising the temperature to 230 C. After 24 hours a polyester containing hydroxyl groups was obtained, having an 0H number of 52 and an acid number of 2.5.
• the hydroxyl-group-containing polyester was dissolved with ethylene glycol acetate to form a 60 wt.-percent solution.
• the viscosity of this solution proved to be good for manufacturing purposes.
• Isocyanate component 666 g. of 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate (refered to hereinafter as isophorone diisocyanate for the sake of brevity) and 141.4 g. of trimethylolpropane were reacted at room temperature with the addition of 0.1 wt.-percent of di-n-butyltin dilaurate.
• the isophorone diisocyanate and catalyst were first placed in the vessel and over a period of 4 to 5 hours a solution of trimethylolpropane in ethyl glycol acetate was added drop by drop from a heated reservoir (approx. 50 C.). The amount of solvent was such that after the reaction components were completely combined the adduct solution was a 65%. solution by weight.
• the reaction medium was maintained by cooling at about 20 C.
• the alcohol component in the isophorone diisocyanate adduct can be replaced by other trivalent alcohols such as glycerine or hexanetriol-(l,2,6) without appreciable differences in comparison with the adduct solution described.
• test specimens All of the test specimens were hardened out for 30 minutes at C. The coating thickness after hardening amounted to 50-70 microns.
• the hardened varnish specimens were exposed to boiling water for 24 hours in one case and 7 days in another to test them for resistance to hydrolysis. After about 24 hours of drying at room temperature after such exposure the varnish films were measured again. If the varnish specimens are measured immediately after Withdrawal from the boiling Water the Kdnig hardness values will be about 10 to 20% lower than stated.
• Isocyanate component The adduct prepared from 3 moles of toluylene diisocyanate and 1 mole of trimethylol propane, which is avail able commercially as a 75% solution in ethyl acetate under the name Desmodur L, served as the isocyanate component in this example.
• a resin formed having an OH number of 75 and an acid number of less than 0.15.
• the 65 wt.-percent solution of this resin in ethyl glycol acetate was used in this example as the hydroxyl polyester component.
• Hydrolysis-resistant polyurethane coating composition consisting essentially of the reaction product of (a) a polyisocyanate, or a mixture of polyisocyanates,
• hydroxyl-group-containing polyester having a molecular weight up to as much as 4000, said polyester being of (1) terephthalic acid and (2) a polyol, or a mixture of polyols, at least 50 mol-percent of which is 2,2,4- or 2,4,4-trimethylhexanediol-( 1,6) and any balance of said poly- 01 or mixture of polyols being selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, a hexanediol other than said 2,2,4- or 2,4,4-trimethy1hexanediol-(1,6), octadecene 9,10 dil-(1,12), thiodiglycol, 2,2-dimethylpropanediol-(1,3), octadecanediol, 2-ethylhexanediol (1,3), 2,4-dimethyl-Z-prop
• Hydrolysis-resistant polyurethane coating compostion consisting essentially of the reaction product of (a) a polyisocyanate or a mixture of polyisocyanates with (b) hydroxyl-group-containing polyester having a molecular weight up to as much as 4000, said polyester being of (1) terephthalic acid and (2) a polyol, or a mixture of polyols, at least about 95 mole percent of which is 2,2,4- or 2,4,4-trimethylhexanecliol-(L-G) or mixtures thereof.
• Polyurethane composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein said polyisocyanate is substantially 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylisocyanate.
• composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein said polyisocyanate is substantially the trimerized form of 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyc1ohexylisocyanate.
• composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein said polyisocyanate comprises substantially adducts of 3-isoeyanathereof.
• composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein the balance of said polyols are triols.
• composition as claimed in claim 2 wherein the balance of said polyols are a mixture of other diols and triols.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=5781368

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (16)

Cited By (7)

Families Citing this family (4)

• 1970
  • 1970-09-02 DE DE19702043493 patent/DE2043493A1/de active Pending
• 1971
  • 1971-08-23 AU AU32618/71A patent/AU462972B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-08-27 LU LU63798D patent/LU63798A1/xx unknown
  • 1971-08-28 ES ES394636A patent/ES394636A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1971-08-30 US US00176250A patent/US3803098A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1971-08-30 IE IE1097/71A patent/IE35573B1/xx unknown
  • 1971-08-31 CH CH1280071A patent/CH542270A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1971-08-31 AT AT758671A patent/AT306892B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1971-09-01 NL NL7112046A patent/NL7112046A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1971-09-01 NO NO3260/71A patent/NO137446C/no unknown
  • 1971-09-01 SE SE7111095A patent/SE387361B/xx unknown
  • 1971-09-01 CA CA121,918A patent/CA959598A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-09-01 JP JP6668871A patent/JPS5425054B1/ja active Pending
  • 1971-09-01 FR FR7131655A patent/FR2107130A5/fr not_active Expired
  • 1971-09-02 GB GB4103471A patent/GB1356327A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-09-02 BE BE772100A patent/BE772100A/xx unknown

Also Published As

Similar Documents