US3802492A - Structural building component with heat exchange means - Google Patents

Structural building component with heat exchange means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3802492A
US3802492A US00254643A US25464372A US3802492A US 3802492 A US3802492 A US 3802492A US 00254643 A US00254643 A US 00254643A US 25464372 A US25464372 A US 25464372A US 3802492 A US3802492 A US 3802492A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
arrangement
layer section
reinforcing mesh
conduit
conduit means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00254643A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Hilgemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CTC GmbH
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CTC GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CTC GmbH filed Critical CTC GmbH
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Publication of US3802492A publication Critical patent/US3802492A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/12—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating
    • F24D3/14—Tube and panel arrangements for ceiling, wall, or underfloor heating incorporated in a ceiling, wall or floor
    • F24D3/141—Tube mountings specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/48—Special adaptations of floors for incorporating ducts, e.g. for heating or ventilating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
    • E04C5/04—Mats
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a structural building component in general, and more particularly to a structural building component with heat exchange means.
  • the prior-art constructions have the disadvantage that the greater thickness required for the material embedding the conduits necessarily involves higher expenses for the material.
  • such building components are provided underneath the conduits with one or more thermally insulating layers, and the significant weight of the thick upper layer in which the conduits are embedded is such that the insulating layers are undesirably compressed, reducing their thermally insulating function.
  • the greater the weight of the building component itself the more the underlying base (for instance, a concrete foundation) must be strengthened in order to be able to support this weight, resulting in a further cost increase.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide such a structural building component in which the thickness of the layer of material in which the conduit or conduits is embedded, need be at most 35 mm or can beeven less, contrary to the minimum of 35 mm which heretofore has been required by industrial standards relating to the manufacture of such components, but
  • one feature of the invention resides in such a component or arrangement as described herein, which briefly stated comprises base layer means, a steel reinforcing mesh above the base layer means and comprising downwardly extending distancing portions engaging the same, and conduit means overlying and carried by the reinforcing mesh.
  • the conduit means is adapted to have a heat-exchange medium circulated therethrough.
  • a structural layer of hardenable material which is on the base layer means and which surroundsand embeds the reinforcing mesh and the conduit means.
  • a thus constructed structural building component will have a strength which is such that all requirements made of it in' the conventional use to which such building components are subjected, will be reliably met even if the total thickness of the building component is m ly. on e o der of 92m
  • the conduit means advantageously utilizes a spirally or otherwise convoluted conduit, which may but need not be of synthetic plastic material, and which has inflow portions for the incoming heat exchange medium and return flow portions for the spent heat exchange medium.
  • more than a single conduit can be provided and the inflow portions and the return flow portions need not be part of one and the same conduit but can be parts of more than one conduit which are suitably connected with one another.
  • the inflow and return flow portions must have at least substantially identical flow cross-sections and each inflow sures an even thermal expansion or contraction of the entire component, fractures due to differential stresses within the component are reliably avoided.
  • the reduced thickness of the structural layer of hardenable material which is possible in accordance with the present invention, taken in conjunction with the completely even and uniform surface temperature,'assures that the structural building component according to the invention is thermally much more flexible than what is known from the prior art.
  • the component according to the present invention responds much more rapidly to changes in the amount of heat or coolness transmitted to' it via the circulating heat exchange means.
  • the hardenable material of the structural layer can be cast onto the base layer means in such a manner that it will completely embed the conduit means and the steel reinforcing mesh, that is that it will flow between the conduit means and steel reinforcing mesh and the upper surface of the base layer means. Because the steel reinforcing mesh is thus completely embedded in the material of the structural layer, it can effectively act to provide its reinforcing function, strengthening the structural component according to the present invention in a manner not known from the prior art.
  • the component according to the present invention has the additional advantage that the steel reinforcing mesh is no longer in direct contact with the base layer means beneath it except at the small points of engagement with the distancing portions. This is advantageous, especially insofar as the steel reinforcing mesh is intended to serve to avoid local overheating of the material of the structural layer to the extent that this might at all be possible and it will be appreciated that the mesh is now spaced by a relatively thin and thermally conductive layer of the material of the layer which is interposed between it and the base layer means but which nevertheless provides a sufficient amount of insulation.
  • the component according to the present invention can be further strengthened by placing on top of the conduit means an additional steel reinforcing mesh which is also completely embedded in the material of the structural layer.
  • This additional steel reinforcing mesh can be provided but need not have the distancing portions of the first-mentioned mesh.
  • the upper or exposed surface of the structural layer is provided with grooves which may extend in parallelism with the portions of the conduit means, which may advantageously extend transversely of these portions, or which may be embossed in form of sinuous or convoluted configurations of otherthan straight (i.e., non-linear) shape.
  • the latter expedient is particularly advantageous if the building component is to be used in an outdoor installation.
  • a building component according to the present invention is particularly advantageous from a technical and economical point of view, if it has an overall thickness of less than 65 mm, if the conduit means has an outer diameter of between substantially and 22 mm, and if the diameter of the rods of which the steel reinforcing mesh is composed is between substantially 2 and 5 mm.
  • the general plane of the downwardly directed side of the reinforcing mesh should be upwardly spaced from the lower surface of the structural layer (i.e., the interface of the latter with the base layer means) by at least 3 mm.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary vertical section through one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, illustrating a somewhat different embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 illustrates in fragmentary perspective view a steel reinforcing mesh for use with the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view, partly sectioned, of a structural building component according to the present invention with reinforcing depressions provided in its upper surface.
  • reference numeral 5 identifies a base or support, for instance a foundation of concrete.
  • the structural building component according to the present invention.
  • the component utilizes a layer 6 of synthetic plastic material, for instance styrofoam, on which there is deposited a layer 7 of glass wool, rock wool or the like which serves with the styrofoam layer 6 for thermally insulating purposes, as well as for sound retardation.
  • a relatively thin layer 8 which may be of synthetic plastic material or an appropriately treated paper and which serves as a vapor and liquid barrier.
  • the mesh 2 is of crossed wires or rods which are suitably connected with one another.
  • the mesh 2 is provided with downwardly extending distancing portions 2 which are advantageously formed by bending portions of the various rods of the mesh downwardly out of the general plane of the latter. It is advantageous, but not absolutely necessary, that the free ends of the projections 2' be provided with abutment plates or portions 2' for instance by welding them to the portions 2 and in order to distribute the area of contact and hence the weight of the mesh 2 over a wider surface area of the layer 8.
  • conduit means 4 Mounted on top of the mesh 2, and secured to the rods thereof in suitable manner, for instance by tapes, by tying with wire, by suitable clamps or the like, is the conduit means 4 which is arranged in pairs of conduit portions 4' and 4".
  • the conduit portions 4' and 4" of each pair are in engagement with one another over at least substantially their entire length for direct heat exchange between them, and the fresh incoming heat exchange medium flows in one direction through one of the conduit portions (4 or 4") whereas the spent returning heat exchange medium flows in the opposite direction through the other conduit portion (4" or 4) of the respective pair.
  • conduit means 4 and the reinforcing mesh 2 are embedded in their entirety in the hardenable material of the structural layer 1, which can be poured over them and which will not only form a thickness above the upper general plane of the conduit means 4 but will also form a (lesser) thickness underneath the mesh 2,
  • the unit 9 may be separate from or may be of one part with the layer 1 so that they together can constitute a unitary element. It is essential that the unit 9 have good thermally and acoustically insulating properties, as well as being pressure resistant and providing the necessary vapor barrier.
  • FIG. 2 A further difference of the embodiment of FIG. 2 over that of FIG. 1 is the provision of an additional reinforcing mesh 3 which may be identical in construction with the reinforcing mesh 2 shown in FIG. 3, but which can also be provided without the distancing portions 2.
  • the mesh 3 is placed on top of the conduit means 4 to which it may be again secured in terial of the layer 1, together with the conduit means 4 and the mesh 2 and further increases the structural strength of the building component.
  • the upper or exposed surface of the layer 1 is provided, in the FIG. 2 embodiment, with a plurality of here parallel grooves 1 (only one shown) which may be formed with a suitable tool such as a trowel before the material of the layer 1 hardens. This further increases the surface strength of the layer 1, as well as reducing the possibility of the formation of fissures due to shrinkage.
  • the upper surface of the layer 1 can be provided for surface strengthening reasons, and to reduce the possibility of the formation of fissures, with the grooves 1 of FIG. 2 which extend in parallelism with one another, and which advantageously extend transversely of the elongation of the conduit portions 4, 4".
  • any of the grooves l, 1" and 1 can be utilized by themselves but, as shown in FIG. 4, they can also all be provided on one and the same layer 1.
  • the grooves 1" may be provided particularly advantageously if the building component is to be used in an exterior application and if it is desired to provide an ornamental appearance in addition to the stiffening or strengthening which is afforded by the grooves.
  • An arrangement of the character described comprising layer means including a structural layer section of hardenable material and a base layer section, said structural layer section and said base layer section having abutting surfaces; conduit means completely embedded in said structural layer section and spaced from said abutting surfaces, said conduit means being adapted for circulation therethrough of a heatexchange medium; and a reinforcing mesh in said structural layer section intermediate said conduit means and said abutting surfaces, said reinforcing mesh having a substantially planar portion spaced from said abutting surfaces and being located at least closely adjacent to said conduit means, said reinforcing mesh further including distancing portions extending from said planar portion in a direction towards said abutting surfaces and to locations at least closely adjacent thereto.
  • said conduit means comprising a conduit including a plurality of pairs of parallel conduit portions which are in abutment over at least substantially their entire length, with incoming heat-exchange medium flowing in one direction through one conduit portion and returning heatexchange medium flowing in the opposite direction through the other conduit portion of each pair.
  • said hardenable material is selected from a group composed of concrete and hardenable synthetic plastics.
  • said structural layer section having an exposed surface on a side of said conduit means and said reinforcing mesh re mote from said abutting surfaces; and wherein said structural layer section has a thickness intermediate said abutting surfaces and said exposed surface of at most about 65 mm, said conduit means comprising at least one conduit having an outer diameter between substantially 20 and 22 mm, and said reinforcing mesh including a plurality of rods having a diameter between substantially 2 and 4 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
US00254643A 1971-05-24 1972-05-18 Structural building component with heat exchange means Expired - Lifetime US3802492A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712125621 DE2125621A1 (de) 1971-05-24 1971-05-24 Beheiz und kuhlbare Baukorper schicht

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3802492A true US3802492A (en) 1974-04-09

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US00254643A Expired - Lifetime US3802492A (en) 1971-05-24 1972-05-18 Structural building component with heat exchange means

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US (1) US3802492A (it)
AT (1) AT312885B (it)
BE (1) BE783470A (it)
DE (1) DE2125621A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2138690A1 (it)
IT (1) IT957315B (it)
NL (1) NL7200941A (it)
ZA (1) ZA722888B (it)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5069199A (en) * 1987-03-18 1991-12-03 Messner Casper O H Device suitable for producing a thermal flow inside a thermal integral block
US20040035141A1 (en) * 2000-09-22 2004-02-26 Michel Schmidt Inertial energy storage device
US20080184638A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 Fu Xiaole Infrared electrothermal raised floor piece and floor comprising the same
ITMO20080275A1 (it) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 Trafileria E Zincheria Cavatorta S P A Pannello di armatura metallica per caldane
US20110202268A1 (en) * 2003-01-16 2011-08-18 Adidas Ag Portable fitness systems, and applications thereof
EP2211118A3 (de) * 2009-01-27 2013-11-13 Hans Peter Krauthöfer Flächenaustauscherelement zum Heizen und/oder Kühlen
USD809029S1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2018-01-30 Gary Gordon Klein Extruded structural building component for robotics
US9909307B2 (en) * 2015-04-23 2018-03-06 Hughes General Contractors Joint-free concrete
USD818014S1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2018-05-15 Gary Gordon Klein Extruded structural building component for robotics
US10352044B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2019-07-16 Hughes General Contractors, Inc. Joint-free concrete
US20230151611A1 (en) * 2020-03-24 2023-05-18 Nv Bekaert Sa Post-tensioned concrete slab with fibres

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2632077A1 (de) * 1976-07-16 1978-01-26 Hoechst Ag Fussbodenheizelement
DE2713251C2 (de) * 1977-03-25 1981-06-19 Klaus 4432 Gronau Klein Großflächenheizung
DE2817446C2 (de) * 1978-04-21 1983-10-13 Karl 3207 Harsum Hollemann Aus einzelnen vorgefertigten Bauteilen zusammensetzbare Warmwasser-Flächenheizung
DE3043001A1 (de) * 1980-11-14 1982-07-29 Neckardrahtwerke GmbH, 6930 Eberbach Gitter zum verlegen von vorzugsweise biegsamen rohren
DE3314200C2 (de) * 1983-04-21 1986-01-02 Donald Dipl.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Herbst Trocken verlegbare Fußbodenheizung unter Verwendung von Matten
DE3403831A1 (de) * 1984-02-03 1985-08-08 PVG Patentverwertungsgesellschaft mbH, 5164 Nörvenich Fussbodenheizung
DE3834472C3 (de) * 1988-10-11 1997-09-04 Strabag Ag Flächenheizung für eine große Betonplatte
DE3906729C1 (it) * 1989-03-03 1990-10-25 D.F. Liedelt "Velta" Produktions- Und Vertriebs-Gesellschaft Mbh, 2000 Norderstedt, De
DE202015100914U1 (de) * 2015-02-12 2016-05-13 Uponor Innovation Ab Dämmstoffmatte und Wärmetauscheranordnung

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2052359A (en) * 1934-06-13 1936-08-25 Musgrave Joseph Leslie Heating and cooling of buildings

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2052359A (en) * 1934-06-13 1936-08-25 Musgrave Joseph Leslie Heating and cooling of buildings

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5069199A (en) * 1987-03-18 1991-12-03 Messner Casper O H Device suitable for producing a thermal flow inside a thermal integral block
US20040035141A1 (en) * 2000-09-22 2004-02-26 Michel Schmidt Inertial energy storage device
US20110202268A1 (en) * 2003-01-16 2011-08-18 Adidas Ag Portable fitness systems, and applications thereof
US9271334B2 (en) * 2007-02-01 2016-02-23 Xiaole FU Infrared electrothermal raised floor piece and floor comprising the same
US20080184638A1 (en) * 2007-02-01 2008-08-07 Fu Xiaole Infrared electrothermal raised floor piece and floor comprising the same
ITMO20080275A1 (it) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 Trafileria E Zincheria Cavatorta S P A Pannello di armatura metallica per caldane
EP2211118A3 (de) * 2009-01-27 2013-11-13 Hans Peter Krauthöfer Flächenaustauscherelement zum Heizen und/oder Kühlen
US9909307B2 (en) * 2015-04-23 2018-03-06 Hughes General Contractors Joint-free concrete
US10352043B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2019-07-16 Hughes General Contractors, Inc. Joint-free concrete
US10352044B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2019-07-16 Hughes General Contractors, Inc. Joint-free concrete
USD809029S1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2018-01-30 Gary Gordon Klein Extruded structural building component for robotics
USD818014S1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2018-05-15 Gary Gordon Klein Extruded structural building component for robotics
US20230151611A1 (en) * 2020-03-24 2023-05-18 Nv Bekaert Sa Post-tensioned concrete slab with fibres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2125621A1 (de) 1972-12-07
BE783470A (fr) 1972-09-01
FR2138690A1 (it) 1973-01-05
NL7200941A (it) 1972-11-28
ZA722888B (en) 1973-02-28
AT312885B (de) 1974-01-25
IT957315B (it) 1973-10-10

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