US3794382A - Support systems for the seated human body - Google Patents
Support systems for the seated human body Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3794382A US3794382A US00196484A US3794382DA US3794382A US 3794382 A US3794382 A US 3794382A US 00196484 A US00196484 A US 00196484A US 3794382D A US3794382D A US 3794382DA US 3794382 A US3794382 A US 3794382A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tension
- support
- back support
- zone
- web material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
- A47C7/02—Seat parts
- A47C7/28—Seat parts with tensioned springs, e.g. of flat type
- A47C7/282—Seat parts with tensioned springs, e.g. of flat type with mesh-like supports, e.g. elastomeric membranes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
- A47C7/02—Seat parts
- A47C7/029—Seat parts of non-adjustable shape adapted to a user contour or ergonomic seating positions
Definitions
- a support system for the seated human body comprising a two-dimensional material such as a length of netting constrained under tension to define a threedimensional support form including in an upwardly extending length of the material a localised forwardly projecting support portion for the upper pelvic/lumbar area of the human body, the tension in the forwardly projecting support portion being preferably higher than in the remainder of the upwardly extending length of the material.
- the tension in a zone immediately forward of the ischial tuberosities supporting zone is preferably higher than the tension in the ischial tuberosities supporting zone itself.
- This invention relates to support systems for the seated human body. 7
- the object of this invention is to provide a support system for the seated human body which is of lightweight construction and which stabilises effectively certain parts of the seated human body without the use of conventional upholstery whilst providing for optimal sitting comfort.
- a support system for the seated human body comprises a substantially two-dimensional tensionable material constrained under tension by a supporting structure to define a three dimensional support form including in an upwardly extending length of said material a localised forwardly projecting support portion for the upper pelvie/lumbar area of the human body.
- the human body is not supported through padding or the like but simply by the said material under tension, dissipation of heat generated at the interface between the body and the support system is facilitated and can be further improved if said material is, for example, in the form of netting.
- said localised forwardly projecting portion provides a sacral support region, but as will be appreciated hereafter from the description with reference to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings, because of the variation in size of human beings the upward extent of said localised forwardly projecting portion will extend into the lumbar area of some human beings.
- the human body is essentially a system of open-chain links and, particularly in the seated posture, is inherently unstable without the intervention of muscle activity. Head, trunk, arms and legs are flexibly linked and within these body parts there are yet further flexible links, notably that between the pelvic bone and the lumbar vertebrae. Scientific investigation has shown that in the sitting posture the pelvis normally rocks over the ischial tuberosities'unless the uppermost backward extension of the pelvis itself is stabilised by leaning against a surface relatively rigidly connected to the surface on which the ischial tuberosities rest.
- said material is more highly tensioned immediately forward of its ischial tuberosities supporting portion than at the latter portion in order to assist in restraining the human body from sliding forward.
- FIG. 1 shows in side view the basic profile of the support system
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are front and rear perspective views of one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a side view of a second embodiment
- FIG. 5 shows the adjustability of two side frames of the embodiment of FIG. 4,
- FIG. 6 shows a detail of the side frames
- FIG. 7 shows the adjustment arrangement for the side frames ane
- FIGS. 8 and 9 show alternative ways of trapping the netting in the side frames.
- the support system for the seated human body comprises a single length of netting material held along its lateral edges and along its upper and lower edges under tension in a supporting structure to define a generally horizontal seat portion and an upwardly extending back supporting portion.
- FIG. I is seen in side view one example of the contour which a length of material follows in accordance with the invention, the chain-dotted lines indicating generally the way in which the material would be deformed along its centre-line (i.e. at the mid-width of the material) by a seated person in thesacral supporting zone and in the ischial tuberosities supporting zone.
- the distances 1:, y, Z1, 2 and 2 For -95 percent of the adult population seated in the support system, if the distance x is five inches and the distance y is six inches and the distances z and 2 are about four inches, their ischial tuberosities will rest in the zone defined by z, and their sacrum will rest in the zone defined by Z In accordance with the invention therefore it is in the zone 2, that the forwardly projecting portion of the upwardly extending length of material is provided and advantageously the tension of the material at least in the upper part of this zone is higher than in the remainder of the upwardly extending portion.
- the material in the zone defined by 2;, and immediately forwards of the ischial tuberosities zone 2 will be at a higher tension than in the zone 2,.
- the tension of the zone forward of the zone'z is advantageously fairly low in order to provide comfort under the knees of the sitter.
- the tension in the material above zone 2 is advantageously sufficiently low for the material to wrap to some extent around the back of the sitter to provide lateral stabilisation.
- the support system has a supporting structure comprising a curved spine 1 from which extend various frame members which define arm rests 2,
- Netting 5 is suspended from the arm rests 2 and is constrained by cords 6 or shaped by stitching.
- the netting continues upwards to form the back rest and has a forwardly projecting portion which is held taut by back frame 3 in such a way that firm support is given in the upper pelvic/lumbar area.
- the netting 5 also forms the head rest on the head-rest frame 4.
- the spine 1 extends to the floor. It may be hinged to tilt the seat backwards. It is essential in this embodiment that the tilting should not cause the leading edge of the seat to be raised. Recline may be controlled hydraulically. In an alternative construction, where the framing continues down to the floor on both sides of the seat, another method of reclining the seat would have to be adopted.
- the length of netting 30 forming the body support system has the general contour shown in FIG. 1 and is supported between two side frames 11 and 12.
- Each side frame 11 and 12 is slidably supported on a cross beam 13 so that in constructing the seat the spacing between the side frames 11 and 12 can be adjusted.
- a lead screw arrangement 14 is provided between inwardly extending members 15 of the side frames 11 and 12.
- Each side frame 11, 12 has a curved hollow metal or plastics extruded member 16 for example of aluminum, formed with a continuous slit 17 along it opening into the interior of the extrusion. Secured to the lower end of the member 16 is arm rest member 18.
- Each side frame ll, 12 also has hollow aluminum extruded member 19 bent to angular form so that it extends from the front to the back of the seat portion and then extends upwardly to join with the curved member 16.
- the member 19 is attached to the arm rest member 18.
- the member 19 also has a continuous slit 20 extending along it. As can be best seen from FIG. 5 at the front of the seat the slit 20 aligns with a slit 21 formed in the arm rest 8 and which curves generally downwardly.
- the length of netting extends between the two side frames 11 and 12 and has its side edges trapped in the various slits mentioned.
- the side edges of netting 30 follow slits 21 and 20 to the rear of the seat portion. They then leave members 19 through slots 22 and extend to members 16, into the slits 17 of which they are entered through slots 23. Thereafter the side edges of the length of netting follow the slits 17 up the back portion of the support system. At the top of the back portion the end edge of the netting is trapped in cross member 24.
- the side edges of the netting 30 may be trapped in the members 16 and 19 in the manner shown in FIG. 8.
- a cord is threaded through a hem in each side edge of the netting, the cord being wider than the slits l7 and 20.
- it may be trapped in the manner shown in FIG. 6 where a side runner 26 of PVC is heat sealed to the side edges of the netting 30, the side runner 26 having a portion 27 trapped in the ho]- low of the extruded member 16, 19.
- the side frames 11 and 12 are initially spaced apart a distance less than their spacing in the finished seat.
- the netting is then fitted in the side frames 1] and 12 and to the cross member 24. Afterwards the net is transversely tensioned by the lead screw arrangement 14 which moves the side frames 11 and 12 apart.
- cross member 24 is fitted. It can be arranged by careful tailoring of the length of netting 30 that when the spacing of the frames 11 and 12 corresponds to the finished dimensions of the seat, the netting 30 is correctly tensioned.
- the latter may be cut on the bias in predetermined zones.
- the netting may have a different composition in predetermined zones, or provided with reinforcement.
- a support system for the upright seated human body comprising,
- a supporting frame including back support means
- said back support means including pelvic-lumbar support means at the upper pelvic-lumbar area of the human body,
- said pelvic-lumbar support means supporting said flexible web material with a configuration such that said back support form defines a first support portion which extends laterally of said back support form and is positioned forwardly of the rest of the flexible web material forming the back support form,
- said first support portion of said back support form being constrained in tension across its width by said pelvic-lumbar support means
- said back support means having additional means at second and third locations which are respectively above and below said first support portion which constrains said flexible web material so that the upwardly extending length of said material extends both upwardly and rearwardly and also downwardly and rearwardly from said first portion to define thereby said back support form
- said flexible web material being unsupported across the width of the back support form by said back support means between said additional means at said first and third locations.
- a support system as claimed in claim 1 wherein in a generally horizontally extending seat portion the tension in a zone immediately forward of the ischial tuberosities supporting zone is higher than the tension in said ischial tuberosities supporting zone.
Landscapes
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Special Chairs (AREA)
- Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB5632468 | 1968-11-27 | ||
GB3592469 | 1969-07-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3794382A true US3794382A (en) | 1974-02-26 |
Family
ID=26262912
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00196484A Expired - Lifetime US3794382A (en) | 1968-11-27 | 1971-11-08 | Support systems for the seated human body |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3794382A (xx) |
AT (1) | AT310238B (xx) |
BE (1) | BE742256A (xx) |
BR (1) | BR6914588D0 (xx) |
CH (1) | CH511004A (xx) |
ES (1) | ES180169Y (xx) |
FR (1) | FR2024376A1 (xx) |
GB (1) | GB1257927A (xx) |
NL (1) | NL6917780A (xx) |
SE (1) | SE362347B (xx) |
Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4623196A (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1986-11-18 | Clark Equipment Company | Safety seat assembly for industrial vehicles |
US4776633A (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1988-10-11 | Steelcase Inc. | Integrated chair and control |
US4779928A (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1988-10-25 | Tamco Limited | Automotive head restraint |
US5725277A (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1998-03-10 | Steelcase Inc. | Synchrotilt chair |
US6439665B1 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2002-08-27 | Stylex | Ergonomic chair with mesh seat and back |
US20020130541A1 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-19 | Yong-Seo Koo | Chair equipped with lumbar support unit |
US6572190B2 (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2003-06-03 | Hon Technology Inc. | Lumbar support for a chair |
US20030111886A1 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2003-06-19 | Formway Furniture Limited | Lumbar support |
US20030227211A1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-11 | Rowland David L. | Panel |
US20060071523A1 (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 2006-04-06 | Stumpf William E | Office chair |
USD689319S1 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | Steelcase Inc. | Chair |
US20150137571A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-21 | Tachi-S Co., Ltd. | Seat |
US20150165949A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-06-18 | Tachi-S Co., Ltd. | Seat |
US10377273B2 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2019-08-13 | Tachi-S Co., Ltd. | Vehicle seat |
US11589678B2 (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2023-02-28 | Hni Technologies Inc. | Chairs including flexible frames |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1118557B (it) * | 1979-04-12 | 1986-03-03 | Whitehead Moto Fides Spa Stabi | Sediel per veicoli |
US4603907A (en) * | 1983-11-30 | 1986-08-05 | Hoover Universal, Inc. | J-clip mounting system for load bearing seat members |
US6082820A (en) * | 1998-08-05 | 2000-07-04 | Berkeley Products, Inc. | Reclining lounge chair with detachable fulcrum base |
GB2408201B (en) * | 2003-11-21 | 2006-03-01 | Armon Ltd | Push chair seat attachment |
GB2420705A (en) * | 2006-01-25 | 2006-06-07 | Armon Ltd | Child's high chair |
Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1400717A (en) * | 1920-07-16 | 1921-12-20 | Benson David | Ventilated automobile-driver's seat |
FR774614A (fr) * | 1933-09-02 | 1934-12-10 | Siège perfectionné | |
FR810441A (fr) * | 1935-09-03 | 1937-03-22 | Carcasse de siège en tube, en particulier pour véhicules automobiles | |
US2127710A (en) * | 1937-02-01 | 1938-08-23 | Ralph B Baker | Furniture construction |
US2150429A (en) * | 1937-09-11 | 1939-03-14 | Jr Albert P De Sanno | Chair |
US2725096A (en) * | 1953-12-09 | 1955-11-29 | Granby Melville | Deck chair canvas |
US2731076A (en) * | 1952-02-25 | 1956-01-17 | David L Rowland | Furniture seating |
US2776704A (en) * | 1955-04-26 | 1957-01-08 | Arvin Ind Inc | Reclining chaise longue |
US2821245A (en) * | 1956-04-02 | 1958-01-28 | Meneghelli Vittorio | Chair frame |
US3120407A (en) * | 1961-06-05 | 1964-02-04 | Miller Herman Inc | Net seating |
US3165356A (en) * | 1963-12-17 | 1965-01-12 | Douglas J Geier | Shock absorbing support and restraint means |
US3179469A (en) * | 1963-03-18 | 1965-04-20 | Acushnet Process Company | Elastomer furniture support |
FR1433694A (fr) * | 1965-04-16 | 1966-04-01 | Sable Freres Int | Siège à suspension élastique réglable pour tracteurs et véhicules analogues |
-
1968
- 1968-11-27 GB GB5632468A patent/GB1257927A/en not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-11-24 CH CH1748169A patent/CH511004A/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-11-26 SE SE16242/69A patent/SE362347B/xx unknown
- 1969-11-26 ES ES1969180169U patent/ES180169Y/es not_active Expired
- 1969-11-26 BE BE742256D patent/BE742256A/xx unknown
- 1969-11-26 NL NL6917780A patent/NL6917780A/xx unknown
- 1969-11-27 AT AT1109169A patent/AT310238B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-11-27 BR BR214588/69A patent/BR6914588D0/pt unknown
- 1969-11-27 FR FR6940894A patent/FR2024376A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
1971
- 1971-11-08 US US00196484A patent/US3794382A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1400717A (en) * | 1920-07-16 | 1921-12-20 | Benson David | Ventilated automobile-driver's seat |
FR774614A (fr) * | 1933-09-02 | 1934-12-10 | Siège perfectionné | |
FR810441A (fr) * | 1935-09-03 | 1937-03-22 | Carcasse de siège en tube, en particulier pour véhicules automobiles | |
US2127710A (en) * | 1937-02-01 | 1938-08-23 | Ralph B Baker | Furniture construction |
US2150429A (en) * | 1937-09-11 | 1939-03-14 | Jr Albert P De Sanno | Chair |
US2731076A (en) * | 1952-02-25 | 1956-01-17 | David L Rowland | Furniture seating |
US2725096A (en) * | 1953-12-09 | 1955-11-29 | Granby Melville | Deck chair canvas |
US2776704A (en) * | 1955-04-26 | 1957-01-08 | Arvin Ind Inc | Reclining chaise longue |
US2821245A (en) * | 1956-04-02 | 1958-01-28 | Meneghelli Vittorio | Chair frame |
US3120407A (en) * | 1961-06-05 | 1964-02-04 | Miller Herman Inc | Net seating |
US3179469A (en) * | 1963-03-18 | 1965-04-20 | Acushnet Process Company | Elastomer furniture support |
US3165356A (en) * | 1963-12-17 | 1965-01-12 | Douglas J Geier | Shock absorbing support and restraint means |
FR1433694A (fr) * | 1965-04-16 | 1966-04-01 | Sable Freres Int | Siège à suspension élastique réglable pour tracteurs et véhicules analogues |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4623196A (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1986-11-18 | Clark Equipment Company | Safety seat assembly for industrial vehicles |
US4776633A (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1988-10-11 | Steelcase Inc. | Integrated chair and control |
US5725277A (en) * | 1986-04-10 | 1998-03-10 | Steelcase Inc. | Synchrotilt chair |
US4779928A (en) * | 1986-09-09 | 1988-10-25 | Tamco Limited | Automotive head restraint |
US7594700B2 (en) | 1992-06-15 | 2009-09-29 | Herman Miller, Inc. | Contoured seating structure |
US20060071523A1 (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 2006-04-06 | Stumpf William E | Office chair |
US6439665B1 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2002-08-27 | Stylex | Ergonomic chair with mesh seat and back |
US20030111886A1 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2003-06-19 | Formway Furniture Limited | Lumbar support |
US6910741B2 (en) * | 2000-09-28 | 2005-06-28 | Formway Furniture Limited | Lumbar support |
US6805405B2 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2004-10-19 | Sung Yong Co., Ltd. | Chair equipped with lumbar support unit |
US20020130541A1 (en) * | 2001-03-19 | 2002-09-19 | Yong-Seo Koo | Chair equipped with lumbar support unit |
US6729691B2 (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2004-05-04 | Hon Technology, Inc. | Chair back construction |
US6572190B2 (en) | 2001-06-15 | 2003-06-03 | Hon Technology Inc. | Lumbar support for a chair |
US6886890B2 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2005-05-03 | David L. Rowland | Panel |
US20030227211A1 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2003-12-11 | Rowland David L. | Panel |
USD690547S1 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-10-01 | Steelcase Inc. | Chair |
USD689319S1 (en) | 2012-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | Steelcase Inc. | Chair |
US20150137571A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-21 | Tachi-S Co., Ltd. | Seat |
US20150165949A1 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-06-18 | Tachi-S Co., Ltd. | Seat |
US9381840B2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-07-05 | Tachi-S Co., Ltd. | Seat |
US9493095B2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-11-15 | Tachi-S Co., Ltd | Seat |
US10377273B2 (en) * | 2016-10-04 | 2019-08-13 | Tachi-S Co., Ltd. | Vehicle seat |
US11589678B2 (en) | 2019-01-17 | 2023-02-28 | Hni Technologies Inc. | Chairs including flexible frames |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1257927A (xx) | 1971-12-22 |
DE1959505B2 (de) | 1973-01-18 |
BR6914588D0 (pt) | 1973-05-08 |
CH511004A (fr) | 1971-08-15 |
DE1959505A1 (de) | 1970-06-04 |
SE362347B (xx) | 1973-12-10 |
ES180169Y (es) | 1973-12-01 |
BE742256A (xx) | 1970-05-04 |
AT310238B (de) | 1973-09-25 |
FR2024376A1 (xx) | 1970-08-28 |
NL6917780A (xx) | 1970-05-29 |
ES180169U (es) | 1973-02-01 |
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