US3793051A - Process for coating a web surface with a plurality of emulsion coating layers - Google Patents

Process for coating a web surface with a plurality of emulsion coating layers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3793051A
US3793051A US00095210A US3793051DA US3793051A US 3793051 A US3793051 A US 3793051A US 00095210 A US00095210 A US 00095210A US 3793051D A US3793051D A US 3793051DA US 3793051 A US3793051 A US 3793051A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
coating
air
drying
loops
web
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00095210A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
P Herzhoff
H Gree
G Koepke
G Brauniger
K Voss
S Platz
W Schweicher
H Frenken
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agfa Gevaert AG
Original Assignee
Agfa Gevaert AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agfa Gevaert AG filed Critical Agfa Gevaert AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3793051A publication Critical patent/US3793051A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method for the production-of webs coated with several emulsions, comprising coating and drying means arranged in succession, in the latter being connected to air supply and discharge shafts. A plurality of coating means are arranged at a selectable spacing from one another along the web which is guided in loop formation, the physical parameters for coating and drying are adjustable for each layer.
  • This invention relates to a means for producing webs with a multiple coating of photographic emulsions.
  • coating and drying means are arranged alternately in succession, the drying means consisting of air supply and discharge shafts.
  • Coating plants having two coating arrangements are already known.
  • the film web is guided from the first coating arrangement through a solidifying section to the next coating arrangement and then through a solidifying section into a drier.
  • the emulsion is prepared in a melting chamber and flows to the coating arrangements.
  • the section of the plant comprising the coating arrangements and the solidifying sections is generally known as the coating machine.
  • the construction of the coating machine is determined by the requirement that the web should be guided without any contact of the coated side with rollers from the first to the second coating arrangement. It is because of this requirement that helical web guiding means is for example provided as is known.
  • Suspension or channel driers as driers for coating plants are known.
  • the drying air is conducted by a circulated air system, in which the air is always circulated in the same drying section, or in a helical system, in which the air is always conducted on to the next following section.
  • Multi-layer coating devices are known which can easilybe incorporated into a conventional coating plant.
  • the multi-layer emulsion web preformed by means of the coating arrangement is stretched on being transferred to the support. Therefore, the spinnability of the emulsions is-to be taken into account.
  • Each separate layer sets different requirements as regards the desired physical conditions existing during the drying.
  • the essential variables of state such as temperature, moisture content and flow velocity of the air,- and also the drying time for the respectively required residual water content, should therefore be freely selectable for each layer if it is desired to produce optimum technological properties and highest output of the plant. It should thus be possible to use individual coating systems for the application of the separate layers.
  • coating and drying means arranged in succession, comprising a plurality of coating means arranged at a variable spacing from one another along the web guided in loop formation, the physical parameters important for the coating and drying being adjustable on each coating and drying means for each layer.
  • coating means types of casting units of the same or different types can be used,.such as air brush or extruder casting units.
  • the air discharge shafts of a drying means respectively open into a return air duct, and this duct, for the production of different air paths, is connected through adjustable and closable flaps to a ventilator mixing chamber belonging to the respective section and such a chamber belonging to the next section, and to a moist air duct which is common to all drying means.
  • the return air duct is advantageously connected by way of adjustable and closable flaps or dampers to a bypass duct which is common to all drying means, the latter duct being capable of subdivision by partitions, while each mixing chamber is in its turn connected by way of adjustable and closable flaps or dampers to the drying air duct and by-pass duct.
  • the air supply shaft is subdivided into at least two ducts which can be separately heated and which communicate in the different sections of the drying means with a set of slit nozzles.
  • the plant preferably consists of at least two similar structural elements, which respectively comprise that portion of the machine frame for guiding the web, the drying means and the drying air supply and also space for a coating means and the associated emulsion preparation stage.
  • the construction readily allows a certain freedom in the choice of the drying time necessary for a coated web element. If in fact the coating means is omitted at the place provided for it between two drying means and is replaced by a simple guide arrangement or if the web travels through an existing coating means without being coated, the drying time is doubled.
  • the mixing chambers are advantageously so arranged that their partitionwalls are offset from the partition walls of adjoining return air ducts by the length of half a mixing chamber.
  • the air supply and discharge shafts of a drying means are arranged in a common housing which is subdivided by partitions and formed with openings towards the web, a machine frame for guiding the web always being arranged between two of these housings.
  • the machine frame for guiding the web is formed as a suction shaft.
  • the suction shaft is provided towards the adjoining housings with web-guiding rollers, and respectively two web-guiding rollers form a two-roller hollow forming suction unit. Openings for discharging the air drawn in by the said suction unit are arranged in the walls of the suction shaft after the web-guiding rollers.
  • a particularly good guiding action for the web in the vicinity of a coating means is obtained by a hollowforming suction unit extending directly up to the casting roller of the coating means and provided with a plurality of guide rollers arranged in parallel disposed at the bottom end of the suction shaft.
  • a hollowforming suction unit extending directly up to the casting roller of the coating means and provided with a plurality of guide rollers arranged in parallel disposed at the bottom end of the suction shaft.
  • the drying means according to the invention are not restricted in their use to the coating arrangement which has been described. They can in principle be used in all those cases where an intermediate drying is necessary with application of several layers.
  • the advantages produced consist more especially in that the drying conditions for the separate layers can be chosen in optimum manner. Because of the bypass duct, it is also possible for one or more drying sections to be by-passed.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view in section through the coating and drying plant, from which the guiding of the web can be more clearly seen.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view insection through the coating and drying plant, from which the path of the air can be seen, and I FIGS. 3 to 7 are block diagrams for different possibilities as regards the path of the drying air.
  • a coating means -2 Arranged at each second base point of the loops is a coating means -2.
  • the web is guided over two-roller hollow-forming suction units 3, in order to avoid turning over of the edges.
  • the guiding of the layer side at the upper end of the loops is effected by five drying means disposed side-by-side.
  • the drying air produced in an air-preparing plant is supplied by way of a drying air header duct T to the drying means.
  • the air, enriched. with water, is wholly or partially discharged through a moist air header duct F, depending on the circuit arrangement.
  • a by-pass duct U is provided (this only being shown in FIGS. 6 and 7). Shut-off members, fans, heaters and the like are not shown, so as not to complicate-the drawings.
  • FIG. 3 shows the drying means n to q in a so-called circulated air system.
  • the air-quantity l is supplied to each duct.
  • One quarter of the moistened air is discharged into the moist air header duct F, while three quarters remain in circulation and one quarter is made up from the dry air header duct T.
  • FIG. 4 shows the same drying means with a so-called helical system.
  • the air quantity 1 taken from the duct T is sent successively through the sections it to q and,
  • FIG. 7 shows a system for the drying means m to q, inwhich the full air quantity is first of all supplied to the last section q and then through the by-pass duct U to the first section m. From the latter, the air is carried on in helical'system as far as the section p. This system is frequently used when the properties of the material being dried at the end and commencement of the drying section requires a drying air with a low wet bulb temperature, but higher temperatures of the material are permissible in the middle,.-
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 can be combined in any arbitrary manner with a coating plant having a relatively large number means of curved hollow-forming suction units 4.
  • Suction units 5 are also arranged in the vicinity of the coating means in order to produce a good support of the web on the casting roller, also with low-rigidity webs.
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 show various possibilities as regards the path or guiding of the drying air.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The air passages belonging to the separate systems are to be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a fan 8 blows the drying air through heater elements 9 and filters 10 and through the supply air ducts 11 into the nozzle ducts 12 in the housing 7 of the drying means.
  • the air is blown through slit nozzles 13 on to the web 1 which is to be dried and discharges laterally over the edges of the web.
  • the supply air path is symmetrically divided behind the heater element into two ducts. By this means, it is possible for the film web to have air blown thereon at different temperatures in different sections of the drying means.
  • Most of the return air is drawn by suction through slots 14 into air discharge shafts 15 arranged laterally of the nozzle duct 12 and passes .through the duct 16 into the return air duct 17.
  • a small part of the return air is drawn through the two-roller hollow-forming suction unit 3 and the curved suction unit 4 from the drying chamber and supplied through ducts l8 and 19 and fans 20 and 2], which produce the negative pressures necessary in the suction units, to the return air duct 17.
  • a small part of the total return air is removed from the cycle and conveyed through a damper 22 into the moist air header duct F.
  • the remainder flows again through a damper 23 to the fan 8 arranged at the bottom of a mixing chamber 24.
  • a portion corresponding to the discharged moist airquantity is removed by way of another damper 25 from the dry air header duct T and admixed in the mixing chamber 24 with the circulated air cycle. Dampers 26 and 27 remain closed when operating with circulated air.
  • the exhaust air is wholly or partially conveyed by way of the damper 26 to the fan of the adjacent chamber.
  • the by-pass duct U When using the by-pass duct U according to FIGS. 6 and 7, the latter is connected by way of dampers 28 to the required air duct and by way of dampers 27 to the required mixing chamber.
  • the by-pass duct U can be subdivided by partitions 29 (FIG. 2), so that it can be used simultaneously for several air cycles.
  • the arrangement of the air passages in the upper part of the dry air duct is advantageous.
  • the important air chambers such as the fan mixing chamber 24, return air duct 17, moist air header duct F, drying air header duct T, by-pass duct U, are constructed as a unit which is repeated in each structural element, and in the partitions of which are arranged the connecting dampers necessary for producing the different air circulation systems.
  • the three ducts F, U and T run parallel to one another and have common partitions.
  • the ducts F, U and T are preferably so disposed above the mixing chambers 24 that they pass through all mixing chambers.
  • the return air ducts 17 respectively open vertically into the duct system F, U.
  • the partitions 30 of adjoining mixing chambers 24 are offset relatively to the partitions 31 of adjoining return air ducts 17 by half the length L of a mixing chamber, so that some of the return air from the return air duct 17 can be directed throughthe corresponding dampers directly into two mixing chambers 24 which follow one another.
  • a process for coating one of the two surfaces of an elongated web with a plurality of emulsion coating layers comprising the steps of disposing the web in a path having a number of substantially parallel open loops having elongated substantially straight paths and relatively short curved end paths with spaces inbetween the substantially elongated straight paths, applying coat- 4 air applied within the loops is at least partially interings to the web at the end paths at one side of the loops for maintaining the coatings on one surface of the web and inbetween alternate loops whereby the web surfaces within successive loops are coated and uncoated, supporting the loops at spaced supporting surfaces within the alternate loops of uncoated web surfaces to permit the web to be supported without structural contact upon its coated surface, conveying the web in the path in contact with the spaced supporting surfaces, discharging drying air against the web inbetween the loops having coated websurfaces and withdrawing a portion of the drying air through the spaced supporting surfaces within the loops having uncoated web surfaces whereby the web is maintained in firm supporting contact against the spaced
US00095210A 1969-12-11 1970-10-04 Process for coating a web surface with a plurality of emulsion coating layers Expired - Lifetime US3793051A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1962089A DE1962089C2 (de) 1969-12-11 1969-12-11 Mehrfachtogiefianlage

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3793051A true US3793051A (en) 1974-02-19

Family

ID=5753549

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00095210A Expired - Lifetime US3793051A (en) 1969-12-11 1970-10-04 Process for coating a web surface with a plurality of emulsion coating layers

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3793051A (de)
JP (1) JPS5225728B1 (de)
BE (1) BE759791A (de)
CH (1) CH531195A (de)
DE (1) DE1962089C2 (de)
FR (1) FR2073679A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1327237A (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916824A (en) * 1973-08-29 1975-11-04 Aluminium Norf Gmbh Device for coating strip material in continuous operation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2658422C2 (de) * 1976-12-23 1986-05-22 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Negativ-Trockenresistfilms
DE4003927A1 (de) * 1990-02-09 1991-08-14 Agfa Gevaert Ag Vorrichtung zur bahnlaufsteuerung

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US929651A (en) * 1906-11-19 1909-08-03 Eugene D C Bayne Process of coating thread.
US1560579A (en) * 1923-11-23 1925-11-10 Eastman Kodak Co Suction conveyer for sheet material
US1591102A (en) * 1921-08-12 1926-07-06 Reuben J Randolph Drying apparatus
US1772081A (en) * 1927-08-27 1930-08-05 Frederick W Hochstetter Process and apparatus for treating derivatives of aqueous cellulose compounds for use in photographic and its allied arts and other useful purposes
US1979346A (en) * 1932-02-17 1934-11-06 Rappolt Herman George Method and apparatus for coating and drying materials
US2597999A (en) * 1948-04-07 1952-05-27 American Viscose Corp Strand bundle drier and conditioner
US2834993A (en) * 1953-09-18 1958-05-20 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of fusing high molecular weight polymers at low temperatures
US3311499A (en) * 1967-03-28 High speed means and method for coating and drying thin paper webs
US3362079A (en) * 1964-04-22 1968-01-09 Fur Patentdienst Anstalt Drier and process of drying
US3508947A (en) * 1968-06-03 1970-04-28 Eastman Kodak Co Method for simultaneously applying a plurality of coated layers by forming a stable multilayer free-falling vertical curtain

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3311499A (en) * 1967-03-28 High speed means and method for coating and drying thin paper webs
US929651A (en) * 1906-11-19 1909-08-03 Eugene D C Bayne Process of coating thread.
US1591102A (en) * 1921-08-12 1926-07-06 Reuben J Randolph Drying apparatus
US1560579A (en) * 1923-11-23 1925-11-10 Eastman Kodak Co Suction conveyer for sheet material
US1772081A (en) * 1927-08-27 1930-08-05 Frederick W Hochstetter Process and apparatus for treating derivatives of aqueous cellulose compounds for use in photographic and its allied arts and other useful purposes
US1979346A (en) * 1932-02-17 1934-11-06 Rappolt Herman George Method and apparatus for coating and drying materials
US2597999A (en) * 1948-04-07 1952-05-27 American Viscose Corp Strand bundle drier and conditioner
US2834993A (en) * 1953-09-18 1958-05-20 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Method of fusing high molecular weight polymers at low temperatures
US3362079A (en) * 1964-04-22 1968-01-09 Fur Patentdienst Anstalt Drier and process of drying
US3508947A (en) * 1968-06-03 1970-04-28 Eastman Kodak Co Method for simultaneously applying a plurality of coated layers by forming a stable multilayer free-falling vertical curtain

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3916824A (en) * 1973-08-29 1975-11-04 Aluminium Norf Gmbh Device for coating strip material in continuous operation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH531195A (de) 1972-11-30
DE1962089B1 (de) 1971-05-27
DE1962089C2 (de) 1980-01-17
JPS5225728B1 (de) 1977-07-09
GB1327237A (en) 1973-08-15
BE759791A (nl) 1971-06-03
FR2073679A5 (de) 1971-10-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5881476A (en) Apparatus and method for drying a coating on a substrate employing multiple drying subzones
US5621983A (en) Apparatus and method for deckeling excess air when drying a coating on a substrate
US3012335A (en) Treating web-like material by a gaseous medium
US2119261A (en) Method of drying synthetic fiber
US6015593A (en) Method for drying a coating on a substrate and reducing mottle
EP0341646A2 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen einer auf einem bewegten Trägermaterial aufgebrachten Flüssigkeitsschicht
US3793051A (en) Process for coating a web surface with a plurality of emulsion coating layers
US2920399A (en) Apparatus for finishing cellophane
DE2301045B2 (de) Regenerativer gastrockner
US3983839A (en) Multiple coating apparatus
CN216704978U (zh) 一种涂布机的立式多层烘干装置
US3470625A (en) Humidity control of photographic printing paper
US3308556A (en) Material treating apparatus
US1576906A (en) Twine polishing and drying machine
US1900846A (en) Apparatus for and method of drying
US6332279B1 (en) Drying device
US3553848A (en) Drying apparatus for flexible supports
US2541383A (en) Apparatus for drying warp and the like
ITFI20100054A1 (it) "struttura di eiezione di aria calda per forni di essiccazione di prodotti tessili"
GB1107474A (en) Drying of webs
US3538619A (en) Apparatus for drying continuously moving elongated flexible means
US3074178A (en) Apparatus for drying arrays of textile threads
US1260570A (en) Method of and apparatus for drying coated paper.
US2831269A (en) Drying apparatus
EP0130579A2 (de) Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Wärmebehandeln wie Trocknen von bahn- oder bandförmigem Textilgut