US3772108A - Method of producing fur products and a device for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method of producing fur products and a device for carrying out the method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3772108A
US3772108A US00208231A US3772108DA US3772108A US 3772108 A US3772108 A US 3772108A US 00208231 A US00208231 A US 00208231A US 3772108D A US3772108D A US 3772108DA US 3772108 A US3772108 A US 3772108A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fur
elements
hair covering
split
conveyer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00208231A
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English (en)
Inventor
I Lezhen
M Ulyanov
V Barilchenko
P Mokritsky
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Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SU1498568A external-priority patent/SU328752A1/ru
Priority claimed from SU1498567A external-priority patent/SU327815A1/ru
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
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Publication of US3772108A publication Critical patent/US3772108A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B1/00—Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C14—SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER
    • C14B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OR PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES OR LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES
    • C14B2700/00—Mechanical treatment or processing of skins, hides or leather in general; Pelt-shearing machines; Making driving belts; Machines for splitting intestines
    • C14B2700/28—Processes or apparatus for the mechanical treatment of hides or leather not provided for in groups C14B2700/01 - C14B2700/27
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
    • Y10T156/1052—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with cutting, punching, tearing or severing
    • Y10T156/1062—Prior to assembly
    • Y10T156/1075—Prior to assembly of plural laminae from single stock and assembling to each other or to additional lamina
    • Y10T156/1077—Applying plural cut laminae to single face of additional lamina
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/12—Surface bonding means and/or assembly means with cutting, punching, piercing, severing or tearing
    • Y10T156/1317—Means feeding plural workpieces to be joined
    • Y10T156/1322—Severing before bonding or assembling of parts
    • Y10T156/133—Delivering cut part to indefinite or running length web

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the sphere of natural fur processing and has particular reference to methods of producing fur materials from wastage of natural fur and arrangements for carrying such methods into effect.
  • the present invention can find most utility when used for producing rolled fur materials from discardable fur scraps, i.e., from interpattern and marginal cuttings resulting from cutting natural fur skin.
  • the invention is equally applicable for producing a widerassortment fur materials which is due to the combination of fur pieces resulting from wastage of a diversity of kinds and types of natural fur. e.g. combination of fur pieces obtained from fur wastage of long-hair rabbit and of goatskin, imitates the natural fur of silver fox, so that the hair covering of long-hair rabbit simulates the underhair, while that of goatskin simulates the top hair of a foxskin.
  • the skin after having been pretreated in a usual way is placed on a conveyer which feeds it to the band splitting knife; the latter cuts off the hair covering which slides along the vibrating board and, under a compressing force, is drawn unilaterally (i.e., becomes compacted) and at the same time forms the transition zone at which hair is attached to the fabric preliminarily coated with an adhesive or cement.
  • the hair covering and the cement-coated fabric having met each other within the transition zone, the hair slips down onto the fabric and is tightly cemented with the cut surface. After the thus-obtained artificial fur has been dried, the entire cycle may be repeated.
  • the afore-described device suffers from inevitable losses of the hair covering when the latter is compacted on a vibrating board.
  • said device practically fails to be able to produce a fur material from the wastage of a variety of types and kinds of natural furskin, since the device is devoid of a means capable of mixing and redistributing of the hair covering of the different kinds of furskin before compacting it on a vibrating board, nor is said device able to produce rolled fur featuring its natural thickness remaining unaffected, since close to the joints of the different furskins bald spots are apt to form and the hair covering of the fur becomes thinned.
  • Such adverse affect may be eliminated due to a rounding of a furskin (i.e., preliminarily cutting off shoulders, flanks and rump thereof) which is not provided by the method.
  • the device under discussion is of low efficiency in that it depends upon the width of the natural furskin which is evidently limited.
  • the hair covering is cut along with part of the underskin of a required thickness to make a split, then the skin of the thus-obtained split is cut into pieces which are interlocked through the hair covering, with a subsequent separation of said pieces into individual independent elements each of which consists of the underskin and the hair covering, and thereafter a system of electrostatic fields is established to orient the elements with the hair covering upwards, followed by their compacting and cementing to the face of an artificial base.
  • the skin splitter device provision is made for a system of knives adapted to cut the leather base of a split into lengthwise strips interlocked through the hair covering, after which said strips are fed to a conveyer mounted at an angle to said system of knives and carrying a bank of rotary circular knives adapted to cut the skin base of said lengthwise strips into pieces fed by said conveyer into a system of shafts or rolls one of which is provided with a fluted and rubber-coated periphery to effect piecewise separation of the strips.
  • the arrangement is provided with another conveyer mounted at a preset angle to said first conveyer; carrying a catcher of the separated strips and adapted to transfer the latter to another system of separating shafts; moreover, the present arrangement has a number of consecutively mounted conveyers arranged in a cascade manner one above another and provided with the elements featuring unlike electrostatic charges to establish electrostatic fields which orient the thusobtained furskin elements with the hair covering upwards, while the compacting device has a trough which is in fact an extension of the system of said conveyers carrying the electrostatic cells, with the trough being narrowed, and its width being controlled at the end thereof to suit the required width of a fabric serving as an artificial base.
  • the foregoing makes it possible to produce fur material in rolls of a predetermined width from discardable fur scraps due to disjoining the latter into separate elements which are then oriented in an electrostatic field and compacted in a trough of a controlled width to suit the required width of the fabric serving as an artificial base.
  • the thus-obtained roll is in fact the natural for fixed to an artificial base and featuring either a natural texture and the thickness of the hair covering or those modified as desired with a predetermined ratio of the top hair and underhair of a diversity of kinds and types of the natural fur and possessing hygienic and heat-storage properties closely resembling those of the natural fur, as well as increased physico-mechanical characteristics.
  • disintegrated skin fibers taken from the split of another part of the skin base be applied to the back (flesh) side of the artificial skin base preliminarily coated with an adhesive.
  • a device for spray-spreading of a preliminarily disintegrated remainder part of the split with said device being located within the zone of location of the device for applying an adhesive which is adapted for simultaneously applying the latter to both sides of a fabric which serves as an artificial base, while said spray-spreading device applies the split disintegrated particles only to the backside of said fabric, thus simulating the flesh side of the natural furskin.
  • Fur material obtained by the above-described method is applicable for manufacturing garments, shoes, toys, upholstery for a variety of car seats, upholstered furniture, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates diagrammatically the operation of cutting-off the fur-skin hair covering to make a split
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an arrangement for carrying into effect the method of producing for materials from a split, according to the invention
  • FIG, 3 is a fragmentary view of a piece of a discardable fur scrap showing its underskin cut into pieces;
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view showing an individual furskin element or constituent, consisting of the skin base and hair covering;
  • FIG. 5 is an elevational view showing the obtained fur material as wound in a roll.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the obtained fur material.
  • the essence of the present method resides in that the underskin of discardable fur scraps is first made equal in thickness to obtain a split having its underskin of a strictly preset thickness and featuring a natural hair covering remaining unaffected. Then the skin base of the thus-obtained split is cut both longitudinally and transversely to obtain particles interlocked through the hair covering, whereby the integrity of the hair covering of every particular piece of fur scrap remains undisturbed.
  • the hair covering of a piece of fur scrap is separated into individual independent elements along the lines of cut of the skin base thereof.
  • the thusobtained elements each of which consists of the skin base and hair covering, is exposed to the effect of a system of electrostatic fields which orient said elements with their hair covering upwards, after which the thusoriented elements are compacted and cemented to the face of a fabric serving as an artificial base.
  • Fur material is produced in the following way.
  • a discardable fur scrap 1 (FIG. 1) is subjected to an evening, i.e., making its skin base 2 equal in thickness which results in a split 3 consisting of a skin base evened in thickness and a hair covering composed of top hair 4 and underhair 5.
  • the thus-obtained split 3 is fed, with the hair covering down, onto a receiving drum 6 (FIG. 2) which, while rotating, feeds the split under shafts or rolls 7 and 8 which execute a forced movement of the latter.
  • a minimum gap is left between said shafts to accommodate a system of knives 9 which cut the skin base of the split into lengthwise strips during the split positive motion.
  • the strips are interlocked through the hair covering due to the curliness and ring-shaped texture of the underhair.
  • the split dissected into strips is fed by carrier shafts or rolls 10 onto a conveyer 11 mounted at a preset angle to the system of knives 9. Such angle is necessary for a subsequent cutting of the skin base of the lengthwise strips into pieces.
  • This is carried out by a bank of rotary circular knives 12 located on the conveyer 11; while being cut the strips are pressed by a shaft or roll 13 and a spring-actuated bar 14 to cause the strips to travel in the required direction.
  • a fur scrap having such a structure is fed by the conveyer 11 (FIG. 1) onto a system of shafts or rolls 17 and 18 of which the shaft 18 has a fluted and rubber-coated periphery to effect piecewise separation of strips 19 each of which consists of a continuous hair covering and the skin base cut into pieces.
  • the strips 19 are fed into a catcher or receives 20 located on a conveyer 21 which is mounted at a preset angle to the conveyer 11. Such angle is necessary for the strips 19 to be turned in the direction normal that of their travelling by the conveyer 11.
  • the conveyer 21 transfers the separated strips 19 to another system of shafts or rolls 22 and 23 of which the shaft 23 is similar in design to the shaft 13 and is adapted to separate the strips into independent elements 24 (FIG 4) consisting of the skin base 2, top hair 43 and underhair 5.
  • the elements 24 drop down onto a conveyer 25 (FIG. 2) at the same time turning with the hair covering upwards under their own weight.
  • the conveyer 25 is provided with a member defined by a plate 26 connected to an electrostatic machine.
  • Conveyers 27 and 28 are located beneath the conveyer 25 are arranged in a cascade fashion with respect to each and each of said conveyers is likewise provided with members defined by plates 26 connected to the unlike poles of electrostatic machines.
  • a system of electrostatic fields is established to orient the fur elements 24 with the hair covering upwards.
  • the conveyers 25, 27 and 28 have different variable speeds, whereby the fur elements are guaranteed to be compacted lengthwise and the roll into which the fur material is wound is thus obtained. Due to the provision of a system of electrostatic fields, the fur elements maintain their position, are set, supported, conveyed and compacted in a strictly vertical position, i.e., with the skin base downwards and with the top hair and underhair upwards.
  • the oriented fur elements are fed into a trough 29 which is in fact an extension of the system of conveyers 25, 27 and 28 and is likewise provided with the plate 26 connected to a pole of an electrostatic machine unlike that of the conveyer 28.
  • the trough 29 has its cross-sectional area reduced towards the movement of the fur elements 24, with such movement being conventionally shown by the arrow A.
  • a longer effect of electrostatic field and a reduced cross-sectional area of the trough contribute to an additional, final compacting of the fur elements both breadthwise and lengthwise of the roll of fur material which will be wound from the fur elements.
  • a fabric 30 which serves as an artificial base for the fur material obtained.
  • the fabric moves over a guide roller 31 and passes into a device 32 for applying an adhesive to the face thereof.
  • Use may be made as an artificial base, of networks, completed warp threads, polymer films or some other materials suitable for obtaining fur material featuring physicomechanical and hygienic properties closely resembling those of the natural furskin.
  • the width of the trough 29 can be varied to suit the width of the fabric 30.
  • the fabric 30 Upon leaving the device 32, the fabric 30 is fed to a cementing device which comprises a heated cylinder 33 and a conveyer belt 34 enveloping at least a part of the periphery the cylinder 33 and passing over guide rollers 35, 36 and 37.
  • the thus-obtained fur material having the natural fur-skin hair covering is wound into a roll 40 (FIG. 5).
  • a device 41 located within the zone of the device 32 and adapted for spray-spreading of a preliminarily disintegrated remainder part 42 of the split 3 (FIG. 1) over the backside of the fabric 30 (FIG. 2) which has preliminarily been coated with an adhesive by means of the device 32.
  • the process of formation of the semifinished product and turning it into the finished fur material occurs in a way similar to that described above.
  • the fur material obtained fully simulates the natural furskin both on the face and backside thereof, consisting of the artificial base 30 (FIG. 6), to which on one side are cemented with their skin base 2, the fur elements 24 having the natural top hair 4 and underhair 5 and on the other side, a layer of the disintegrated remainder part 42 of the skin base of the split 3.
  • the method and the arrangement disclosed hereinabove are capable of producing fur material by a simultaneous mixing of fur elements resulting from the discardable fur scraps of a variety of kinds and types of the natural furskins.
  • the thus-obtained fur material is fully identical with the natural furskin both on its face and back sides, possesses hygienic and heat-retaining properties very closely resembling those of the natural furskin, as well as increased physico-mechanical characteristics, thus enabling a considerable extension of the assortment of fur material obtained.
  • a method of producing fur material from a furbearing raw stock having an underskin and hair covering comprising the steps of cutting off the hair covering from the fur-bearing raw stock along with part of the underskin of a preset thickness to make a split; cutting the skin of the thus-obtained split into pieces interlocked through the hair covering; subsequently separating said pieces into individual independent elements, each of which elements consists of the skin base and hair covering; providing electrostatic fields to orient the elements fed thereto with the hair covering upwards; feeding an artificial base having a face preliminarily coated with a cementing agent or adhesive; and subsequently compacting and cementing the oriented elements to the coated face of the artificial base.
  • An arrangement for producing fur materials from a fur-bearing raw stock having an underskin and hair covering comprising the following components arranged consecutively according to the production flowsheet of fur materials: a device for cutting off the hair covering from the fur-bearing raw stock, along with the underskin of a preset thickness to make a split; a system of knives located past said device for cutting the skin base of the thus-obtained split into lengthwise strips interlocked through the hair covering; a conveyer mounted at a preset angle to said system of knives for receiving said lengthwise strips; a bank of rotary circular knives mounted on said conveyer for cutting into pieces the skin base of the lengthwise strips; a system of shafts located at an end of said conveyer to receive said strips; one of said shafts having a fluted and rubber-coated periphery to provide piecewise separation of the strips; a further conveyer mounted at a preset angle to the first conveyer for turning said separated strips at a catcher for the separated strips mounted on said further conveyer; a further system of shaft

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
US00208231A 1970-12-21 1971-12-15 Method of producing fur products and a device for carrying out the method Expired - Lifetime US3772108A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU1498568A SU328752A1 (ru) 1970-12-21 1970-12-21 Установка для изготовления меха на искусственной основе
SU1498567A SU327815A1 (ru) 1970-12-21 1970-12-21 Способ получения меха

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US3772108A true US3772108A (en) 1973-11-13

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US00208231A Expired - Lifetime US3772108A (en) 1970-12-21 1971-12-15 Method of producing fur products and a device for carrying out the method

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US (1) US3772108A (enExample)
BE (1) BE777058A (enExample)
CA (1) CA955076A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2163580C3 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2119488A5 (enExample)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4120713A (en) * 1976-06-21 1978-10-17 A/S Weston Taeppefabrik Process and apparatus for the continuous production of a fibrous web-like pile product
US4606182A (en) * 1984-09-04 1986-08-19 Herman S. Krehm Method of making fur bearing strands
US4660363A (en) * 1984-09-04 1987-04-28 Herman S. Krehm Method of making fur bearing strands
US5389191A (en) * 1989-08-28 1995-02-14 Seiko Epson Corporation Mounting apparatus for deploying an electronic component mounts formed on a tape carrier
US20060234195A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2006-10-19 Jan Grund-Pedersen Interventional simulator control system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1284013A (en) * 1918-03-06 1918-11-05 United Shoe Machinery Corp Method of treating leather or the like.
US2786791A (en) * 1953-12-11 1957-03-26 Vandeweghe Joseph Method of transferring cut fur to a backing
GB820279A (en) * 1956-05-16 1959-09-16 Ladislao Rona Process for manufacturing artificial furs
US3081614A (en) * 1960-04-04 1963-03-19 Ralph A Salick Processing of strips of fur or pile fabrics
US3575751A (en) * 1965-09-01 1971-04-20 Iws Nominee Co Ltd Method of making semiartificial pile fabrics

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1284013A (en) * 1918-03-06 1918-11-05 United Shoe Machinery Corp Method of treating leather or the like.
US2786791A (en) * 1953-12-11 1957-03-26 Vandeweghe Joseph Method of transferring cut fur to a backing
GB820279A (en) * 1956-05-16 1959-09-16 Ladislao Rona Process for manufacturing artificial furs
US3081614A (en) * 1960-04-04 1963-03-19 Ralph A Salick Processing of strips of fur or pile fabrics
US3575751A (en) * 1965-09-01 1971-04-20 Iws Nominee Co Ltd Method of making semiartificial pile fabrics

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4120713A (en) * 1976-06-21 1978-10-17 A/S Weston Taeppefabrik Process and apparatus for the continuous production of a fibrous web-like pile product
US4606182A (en) * 1984-09-04 1986-08-19 Herman S. Krehm Method of making fur bearing strands
US4660363A (en) * 1984-09-04 1987-04-28 Herman S. Krehm Method of making fur bearing strands
US5389191A (en) * 1989-08-28 1995-02-14 Seiko Epson Corporation Mounting apparatus for deploying an electronic component mounts formed on a tape carrier
US20060234195A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2006-10-19 Jan Grund-Pedersen Interventional simulator control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE777058A (fr) 1972-06-21
CA955076A (en) 1974-09-24
DE2163580A1 (de) 1972-08-31
FR2119488A5 (enExample) 1972-08-04
DE2163580C3 (de) 1975-09-18
DE2163580B2 (de) 1975-02-13

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