US3771239A - Apparatus for drying a web by use of an air jet flow - Google Patents

Apparatus for drying a web by use of an air jet flow Download PDF

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Publication number
US3771239A
US3771239A US00213640A US3771239DA US3771239A US 3771239 A US3771239 A US 3771239A US 00213640 A US00213640 A US 00213640A US 3771239D A US3771239D A US 3771239DA US 3771239 A US3771239 A US 3771239A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
web
air
holes
drying
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00213640A
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English (en)
Inventor
M Minoda
T Yoshida
H Chikamasa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3771239A publication Critical patent/US3771239A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03D15/00—Apparatus for treating processed material
    • G03D15/02—Drying; Glazing
    • G03D15/022—Drying of filmstrips
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/10—Arrangements for feeding, heating or supporting materials; Controlling movement, tension or position of materials
    • F26B13/101—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts
    • F26B13/104—Supporting materials without tension, e.g. on or between foraminous belts supported by fluid jets only; Fluid blowing arrangements for flotation dryers, e.g. coanda nozzles

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT An air-floating type web conveyor and dryer wherein a flexible web with a coating thereon is floated and conveyed by air from a perforated plate spaced therefrom.
  • the size and arrangement of the holes in the plate are such that a substantially uniform static pressure is maintained between the web and the plate so as to uniformly dry the coating on the web and so that the air flow coming from the plate holes is not influenced by the lateral flow of air coming from the central portion of the web.
  • the ratio of the area of the holes or slits to the whole area of the header perforated plate preferably does not exceed more than percent in order to avoid interaction of air effected in the case where too much air is released out of the holes.
  • the area ratio of the holes to the whole area is made not more than 4 percent, which produces good function of the air impingement.
  • the air floating web method it is necessary and important to establish a uniform air flow distribution in order to stably convey the web.
  • the area ratio of the air impingement holes to the whole is not more than 4 to 5 percent, the small holes provide more uniform and stable air flow than a slotted nozzle with small amount of air and a. simple construction.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to provide a method of drying a web by the use of air impingement in which the air flow is not disturbed at the edge portions of the web by compensating for the change of air impingement velocity at the center of the web width.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a method of drying a web by the use of air impingement in which the web is conveyed without contacting the header with a perforated plate that may be flat or curved, by means of stable air floatation.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of even drying of a coated layer on a web by the use of air impingement in which the web can be conveyed by the air floation, especially in a width smaller than 1.5 m.
  • a further object of the present invention is to obtain good air impingment efficiency by means of elimination an uneven drying condition by air flow interaction.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal elevational section of the web floating apparatus embodying the method of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the perforated holes for air impingement for drying and floating the web provided in the apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the flexible web 1 having a wet coated layer 2 is conveyed in the direction indicated by an arrow A over a header chamber 3 having at the periphery thereof a perforated plate 4 serving as a header provided with a number of holes 5 to discharge air therethrough.
  • the reference numeral 6 shows an air ductthrough which air is supplied to the header chamber 3 from a suitable air supply unit (not shown).
  • the reference numerals 101, 102, 103 and 104 show air impingement holes arranged on the web guide 4 substantially along a lateral line.
  • the reference numerals 201, 202, 203, and 204 show another line of air holes arranged in parallel with the first air holes 101 to 104.
  • the second line of air holes 201 to 204 is slightly displaced from the first line of air holes 101 to 104 by the distance 6 in the lateral direction.
  • the third and fourth lines of air holes 301 to 304 and 401 to 404 are provided, and are displaced laterally in a manner substantially the same as the air holes 101-104 and 201-204.
  • the angle between the web advancing direction A and the lateral direction in which the line of air holes 101 to 104 extends is indicated at L a.
  • the air holes 101, 102, are round and/or oval shaped, and the major axis thereof is inclined at an angle L B with the lateral direction.
  • the length of the holes measured along the major axis thereof is indicated at Z.
  • the width of the oval holes measured along the minor axis thereof is indicated at E.
  • the interval between the adjacent air holes arranged laterally is indicated at E.
  • the interval between the adjacent lines of air holes arranged laterally is indicated at i.
  • the flexible web 1 having the coated layer 2 is supported or floated by the air impinged upwardly through the holes and conveyed Without contacting the header, whereby the coated layer 2 containing moisture is dried by the air.
  • the air for floating and drying the web is sent to the air blowing out chamber 3 through the air duct 6 from the air supply unit (not shown), and is impinged on the layer 2 coated on the flexible web 1 through the perforated holes 5 provided in the perforated plate 4. Thereafter, the air flows laterally between the web 1 and the perforated plate 4.
  • the perforated plate 4 forms a flat surface or a curved surface constituting a part of a surface of a cylinder having an axis substantially parallel to the lateral direction of the advancing web or inclined slightly with the lateral direction.
  • the coated layer 2 on the flexible web 1 is dried by the air vertically impinging thereon from the holes 5 at the central portion of the web width, and is dried by the air vertically impinged thereon from the perforated holes 5 and air flow laterally between the web 1 and the plate 4 at both side edges thereof.
  • the size and arrangement of the air impingement holes 5 provided in the plate 4 are such that the ratio of the hole area to the plate area is not more than 5%, and a substantially uniform static pressure is maintained between the web 1 and the plate 4 over the whole area thereof. Further, the arrangement of the holes 5 is required to be so designed that the web 1 is uniformly dried and that the air flow released vertically upwardly out of the holes 5 is not influenced by the lateral flow of the air coming from the central portion of the web width.
  • the arrangement of the air impingement holes 5 which is optimum from the viewpoint of the present invention is determined by the relation between the volume of air required to dry the web and the volume thereof required to float the web, and by the relation between the interval between the adjacent holes arranged laterally and the interval between the adjacent lines of air holes arranged longitudinally which affects the influence of the lateral flow of air on the vertical air flow blowing at both edge portions of the web.
  • the ratio of the area of the holes to the whole area of the plate is not more than 5 percent
  • the relation between the interval 5 between the adjacent holes and the interval Tbetween the adjacent lines of the holes is required to fulfil the condition of to effect a satisfactory result.
  • the distance '2' by which the holes located nearest each other in the adjacent lines of the holes are spaced is determined so that the holes 5 may be distributed substantially uniformly over the whole plate when measured in the direction of the advance of the web.
  • the method of drying the feeding a web in accordance with the present invention is also applicable to a web treating system in which a web having coated layers on the opposite surfaces thereof is fed and dried.
  • the coated layer thereon is uniformly dried. Accordingly, uneveness in drying which has affected the photographic performance of the emulsion of the film made from the web is improved by this method.
  • EXAMPLE 1 In an air floating type web conveying and drying device having an air impingement perforated plate of the construction as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the dimension of the air impingement holes as shown in FIG. 3 was determined as follows in a perforated plate type-A:
  • the dimension of the perforated holes as shown in FIG. 3 was determined as follows in another perforated plate type-B:
  • the plate type-A was much superior to the plate type-B in eliminating the un-eveness in drying seen along the lateral direction of the web, in uniformity of drying, in reduction of time required for drying (by and in floating the flexible web in a stable. condition without fluttering, slackness and deforming of the surface thereof.
  • the two air impingement perforated plates type-C and type-D were used in the web floating and drying dvice in accordance with the present invention, and a static pressure of SOmmI-l O was maintained in the header chamber and a static pressure of 22mml'l O was held at the central portion of the web width between the plate and the flexible web.
  • a polyester film base of l m wide having a photographic emulsion layer thereon was conveyed without contact and was dried by the air impingement out of the holes.
  • the plate type-C was much superior to the plate type-D in eliminating the uneveness in drying effect along the lateral direction of the web, in uniformity of drying distribution, in reduction of time required for drying (reduced by 18 percent, and in floating the flexible web in a stable condition without fluttering, sltickness and deforming of the surface thereof.
  • a is the angle between the conveying direction of the web and direction in which the air holes are arranged
  • 4,8 is the angle between the major axis of the holes and the direction in which the holes are arranged laterally
  • E is the length representing the width of the air impingement holes
  • 5 is the interval between the holes arranged in line laterally
  • l is the interval between the adjacent lines of air impingement holes arranged laterally.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
US00213640A 1970-12-30 1971-12-29 Apparatus for drying a web by use of an air jet flow Expired - Lifetime US3771239A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP45123032A JPS513427B1 (ko) 1970-12-30 1970-12-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3771239A true US3771239A (en) 1973-11-13

Family

ID=14850512

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00213640A Expired - Lifetime US3771239A (en) 1970-12-30 1971-12-29 Apparatus for drying a web by use of an air jet flow

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3771239A (ko)
JP (1) JPS513427B1 (ko)
GB (1) GB1336265A (ko)
SE (1) SE378666B (ko)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4168580A (en) * 1972-06-02 1979-09-25 Maschinenfabrik Andritz Actiengesellschaft Drying installation for treating webs of material
EP0109547A3 (en) * 1982-10-25 1984-10-03 Discovision Associates Method and means for drying coatings on heat sensitive materials
WO1992005467A1 (en) * 1990-09-20 1992-04-02 Eastman Kodak Company Gas film conveyor for elongated strips of web material
US5553397A (en) * 1993-03-03 1996-09-10 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Device for drying printed sheets or web in printing presses
US6080279A (en) * 1996-05-14 2000-06-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Air press for dewatering a wet web
US6083346A (en) * 1996-05-14 2000-07-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of dewatering wet web using an integrally sealed air press
US6096169A (en) * 1996-05-14 2000-08-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making cellulosic web with reduced energy input
US6149767A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-11-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making soft tissue
US6187137B1 (en) 1997-10-31 2001-02-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of producing low density resilient webs
US6197154B1 (en) 1997-10-31 2001-03-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Low density resilient webs and methods of making such webs
US6306257B1 (en) 1998-06-17 2001-10-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Air press for dewatering a wet web
US6318727B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2001-11-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus for maintaining a fluid seal with a moving substrate
US6364247B1 (en) 2000-01-31 2002-04-02 David T. Polkinghorne Pneumatic flotation device for continuous web processing and method of making the pneumatic flotation device
WO2003036209A1 (en) 2001-10-22 2003-05-01 The Procter & Gamble Company High efficiency heat transfer using asymmetric impinging jet
US6579418B2 (en) 1998-08-12 2003-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Leakage control system for treatment of moving webs
US6813846B2 (en) * 2001-03-28 2004-11-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Drying device
US20070125876A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-06-07 Ralf Bolling Nozzle system for the treatment of web-shaped material
EP1921407A2 (de) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-14 Deutsche Mechatronics GmbH Trocknungsanlage
US8061055B2 (en) * 2007-05-07 2011-11-22 Megtec Systems, Inc. Step air foil web stabilizer
US20140208607A1 (en) * 2013-01-28 2014-07-31 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. To direct air to media
US9057559B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2015-06-16 Andritz Technology And Asset Management Gmbh Cellulose pulp dryer having blow boxes, and a method of drying a web of cellulose pulp

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2764892C1 (ru) 2018-09-10 2022-01-24 Ниппон Стил Корпорейшн Рельс и способ производства рельса

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE639183C (de) * 1935-05-21 1936-11-30 Paul H Mueller Dr Ing Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Furnieren
GB668741A (en) * 1949-01-21 1952-03-19 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Apparatus for drying web-like material
US3199213A (en) * 1961-07-12 1965-08-10 Crown Zellerbach Canada Ltd Method of changing the moisture content of wood
US3324570A (en) * 1965-02-25 1967-06-13 Proctor And Schwartz Inc Float dryer
US3435539A (en) * 1965-07-20 1969-04-01 Agfa Gevaert Nv Dryer for a film processing machine
US3525164A (en) * 1968-12-10 1970-08-25 Wolverine Corp Apparatus for gaseous treatment of moving webs
US3672066A (en) * 1970-10-30 1972-06-27 Bechtel Int Corp Microwave drying apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE639183C (de) * 1935-05-21 1936-11-30 Paul H Mueller Dr Ing Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von Furnieren
GB668741A (en) * 1949-01-21 1952-03-19 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Apparatus for drying web-like material
US3199213A (en) * 1961-07-12 1965-08-10 Crown Zellerbach Canada Ltd Method of changing the moisture content of wood
US3324570A (en) * 1965-02-25 1967-06-13 Proctor And Schwartz Inc Float dryer
US3435539A (en) * 1965-07-20 1969-04-01 Agfa Gevaert Nv Dryer for a film processing machine
US3525164A (en) * 1968-12-10 1970-08-25 Wolverine Corp Apparatus for gaseous treatment of moving webs
US3672066A (en) * 1970-10-30 1972-06-27 Bechtel Int Corp Microwave drying apparatus

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4168580A (en) * 1972-06-02 1979-09-25 Maschinenfabrik Andritz Actiengesellschaft Drying installation for treating webs of material
EP0109547A3 (en) * 1982-10-25 1984-10-03 Discovision Associates Method and means for drying coatings on heat sensitive materials
WO1992005467A1 (en) * 1990-09-20 1992-04-02 Eastman Kodak Company Gas film conveyor for elongated strips of web material
US5209387A (en) * 1990-09-20 1993-05-11 Eastman Kodak Company Gas film conveyor for elongated strips of web material
US5553397A (en) * 1993-03-03 1996-09-10 Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft Device for drying printed sheets or web in printing presses
US6143135A (en) * 1996-05-14 2000-11-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Air press for dewatering a wet web
US6083346A (en) * 1996-05-14 2000-07-04 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of dewatering wet web using an integrally sealed air press
US6096169A (en) * 1996-05-14 2000-08-01 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making cellulosic web with reduced energy input
US6228220B1 (en) 1996-05-14 2001-05-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Air press method for dewatering a wet web
US6080279A (en) * 1996-05-14 2000-06-27 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Air press for dewatering a wet web
US6149767A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-11-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making soft tissue
US6187137B1 (en) 1997-10-31 2001-02-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method of producing low density resilient webs
US6197154B1 (en) 1997-10-31 2001-03-06 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Low density resilient webs and methods of making such webs
US6331230B1 (en) 1997-10-31 2001-12-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for making soft tissue
US6306257B1 (en) 1998-06-17 2001-10-23 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Air press for dewatering a wet web
US6579418B2 (en) 1998-08-12 2003-06-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Leakage control system for treatment of moving webs
US6318727B1 (en) 1999-11-05 2001-11-20 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Apparatus for maintaining a fluid seal with a moving substrate
US6364247B1 (en) 2000-01-31 2002-04-02 David T. Polkinghorne Pneumatic flotation device for continuous web processing and method of making the pneumatic flotation device
US6813846B2 (en) * 2001-03-28 2004-11-09 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Drying device
WO2003036209A1 (en) 2001-10-22 2003-05-01 The Procter & Gamble Company High efficiency heat transfer using asymmetric impinging jet
US6564473B2 (en) 2001-10-22 2003-05-20 The Procter & Gamble Company High efficiency heat transfer using asymmetric impinging jet
US20070125876A1 (en) * 2005-07-28 2007-06-07 Ralf Bolling Nozzle system for the treatment of web-shaped material
EP1921407A2 (de) * 2006-11-09 2008-05-14 Deutsche Mechatronics GmbH Trocknungsanlage
EP1921407A3 (de) * 2006-11-09 2009-12-16 Deutsche Mechatronics GmbH Trocknungsanlage
US8061055B2 (en) * 2007-05-07 2011-11-22 Megtec Systems, Inc. Step air foil web stabilizer
US9057559B2 (en) 2010-11-16 2015-06-16 Andritz Technology And Asset Management Gmbh Cellulose pulp dryer having blow boxes, and a method of drying a web of cellulose pulp
US20140208607A1 (en) * 2013-01-28 2014-07-31 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. To direct air to media
US10077939B2 (en) * 2013-01-28 2018-09-18 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. To direct air to media

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2165074A1 (de) 1972-07-27
DE2165074B2 (de) 1977-06-30
GB1336265A (en) 1973-11-07
JPS513427B1 (ko) 1976-02-03
SE378666B (ko) 1975-09-08

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