US3770538A - Method of producing a stable band consisting of adhesively bonded staple fibers of high lengthwise stability - Google Patents

Method of producing a stable band consisting of adhesively bonded staple fibers of high lengthwise stability Download PDF

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Publication number
US3770538A
US3770538A US00019243A US3770538DA US3770538A US 3770538 A US3770538 A US 3770538A US 00019243 A US00019243 A US 00019243A US 3770538D A US3770538D A US 3770538DA US 3770538 A US3770538 A US 3770538A
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United States
Prior art keywords
band
elongation
binding
adhesive
throughpassing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00019243A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Naegeli
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Pavena AG
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Pavena AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V1/00—Shades for light sources, i.e. lampshades for table, floor, wall or ceiling lamps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
    • Y10T428/2907—Staple length fiber with coating or impregnation

Definitions

  • the invention also concerns a stable band of high lengthwise stability wherein the elastic elongation of the stable band, compared to one in which binding occurred in a tension-free state, is several times smaller.
  • the present invention concerns a new and improved method of producing a staple band consisting of adhesively interconnected staple fibers and possessing high lengthwise or longitudinal stability, and further pertains to an improved stable band produced according to the aforesaid inventive method.
  • Such stabilized bands exhibit that much better drafting properties for a subsequent drafting operation in a drafting arrangement, the higher the lengthwise stabilization of the stable bands is chosen. Since the average drafting force exerted upon a stable band subjected to a drafting operation is not constant, the band gripped in the nip of the drafting rolls of a drafting arrangement is subject to varying elongation, which, if a certain value is exceeded, can cause drafting waves. By producing sufficiently lengthwise stablized stable bands it is largely possible to eliminate these feared drafting waves which occur during drafting of normal twisted rovings and to produce yarns of good uniformity.
  • a further object of the present invention is to be seen in substantially maintaining the band structure established by compressing in the wet state during the subsequent treatment until the adhesive binds, and in effectively stabilizing the band in this compressed shape, which is of particular importance in processing'fibers showing marked bulking tendency.
  • the inventive method contemplates forming a stable band composed of adhesively interconnected staple fibers of high lengthwise stability by means of treating with an excess of liquid in which an adhesive is distributed, then squeezing off the liquid surplus, and compressing the fibers by applying pressure into a compact band in which the adhesive binds, and by application of tensile force the band is subjected to an elongation within the limits of elastic deformation while binding of the adhesive takes place.
  • a further aspect of the invention is characterized in that, the band after being compacted or compressed and before binding of the adhesive takes place, is subjected to an elongation within the limits of elastic deformation.
  • binding of the adhesive induced by drying can be effected at the highest possible temperature.
  • the stable band of high lengthwise stability produced according to the inventive method is manifested by the features that its elastic elongation is several times smaller than a fiber band in which binding of the adhesive occurred in a tension-free state.
  • a staple fiber band produced by a suitable preparatory machine e.g.,by a card
  • a suitable preparatory machine e.g.,by a card
  • an excess of liquid in which an adhesive is distributed By squeezing off the liquid surplus and compressing the band there results a compact, smooth but still wet staple fiber band containing a certain amount of adhesive, the bonding or binding of which has not yet taken place.
  • This band already exhibits elastic properties under tension, that is, such band can be tensioned closely up to its wet breaking strength without suffering permanent deformation.
  • Such bands now can be elongated within the limits of elastic deformation before, or at the beginning of, the bonding or binding of the adhesive by means of applying tension which is below the wet breaking strength of said bands.
  • This tension may be kept constant during the bonding process or may be varied within the limits of elastic deformation according to certain parameters or functions, for example, in order to take into account the changing length of the fibers during binding of the adhesive.
  • the band also may be elongated by tension before binding takes place and its length may be maintained constant while binding occurs, in which case the elongation is subjected to changes according to the magnitude of the tension generated by the shrinkage which develops. Care must be taken in this case, however, that the band in its wet, partially or fully bonded state, is not over-elongated which would causeband breakage.
  • the invention method can be carried out in a discontinuous process as well as in a continuous process.
  • discontinuous processing certain lengths of condensed, wet hands are laid out or suspended in tension-free state and then are tensioned by elastically elongating'to a certain degree, and in this state are subject to a binding process.
  • Binding of the adhesive is induced by extraction of the liquid, e.g., a solvent, most simply merely by drying. Binding, however, may be also induced by radiation, ionization or through the action of suitable gases, depending upon the adhesives used.
  • discontinuous processing technique is described with reference to the following Examples'l to Ill in which the band is tensioned to a certain degree before binding takes place, short band lengths being chosen solely for measuring purposes, from which band lengths short lengths of yarn only could be spun. In practice, a length corresponding to at least a usual package creeled on a ring spinning frame would have to be chosen.
  • Example binding is induced by drying, that is, extraction of the solvent by evaporation.
  • EXAMPLE I A carded cotton of (American province) KS. origin, of 1 1/16 inch staple length suitably prepared in a preparatory process, in a band weight of 1972 tex, is fed into a liquid applicator device, e.g., as described in Swiss Pat. No. 426,704 and is removed in the form of a compressed or compacted band.
  • a liquid applicator device e.g., as described in Swiss Pat. No. 426,704
  • NORE- DUX 100 commercially available starch derivative product
  • Curve Percent elongation Percent elongation applied in the wet of the stable band state (after binding) under load force a 0 1.95 b 0.5 1.0 e 1 0.8
  • EXAMPLE II A viscose staple of 40 mm cutting length and 1.3 den fiber fineness suitably prepared, in a band weight of 1972 tex is fed into a liquid applicator device already mentioned above and is taken off as a compressed band.
  • a 1 meter length of band was dryed without tension at C and its force-elongation curve a shown in FIG. 2 was recorded on the lnstron Tensile Tester.
  • Curve Percent elongation Percent elongation of applied in the wet the stable band state (after binding) under load force B IO kg a 0 3.0 b 2 0.85 c 4 0.65
  • the method is particularly well suited for processing highly crimped fibers, the lengthwise stabilization of which can be increased to several times the initial amount as illustrated by the following Example.
  • EXAMPLE III A 1972 tex band of highly crimped Acrylic fibers of 53 mm cutting length was fed into a liquid applicator device and was taken off as a compacted or compressed band.
  • the treatment liquid was a 50 percent aqueous solution of the polyacrylate BAS-TX of the well known firm Badische Anilinund Soda-Fabriken, Ludwigshafen, Germany. Again, 3 band pieces each of 1 meter length were cut and dried at 80 C during 3 min with, i
  • the second being pre-elongated by 2 percent
  • the third being pro-elongated by 5 percent and clamped, maintaining 1 meter clamping distance, and dried at 80 C for 3 minutes.
  • the elongation is 3.5 to 5.5 times smaller, which permits a considerable improvement of the lengthwise stabilization, and thus also of the draftability of highly crimped fibers.
  • EXAMPLE IV A band as described in Example I is treated with a 5.5 percent solution of the cellulose derivative Solvitose X0 and Solvitose XI (manufactured by Scholtens, Chemische Fabriken, Foxhal/Holland) mixed in the proportions one to four, and is removed in the form of a compacted or compressed band.
  • Wet bands of 80 cm. length are clamped at their upper end, suspended vertically, and are weighted at their lower end with weights of (for straightening only by slight tension), 150 and 300 grams respectively.
  • EXAMPLE V A 1972 tex band of 1.5 den Terylene fibers of 38 mm cutting length was treated with liquid and taken off as a compressed band in the same manner as described in the preceding Examples.
  • the treatment liquid used was a percent aqueous solution of VIBATEX S, a polyvinyl alcohol manufactured by CIBA Corp., Basel, Switzerland.
  • the bands of 80 cm length again were loaded with weights of 10, 150, 300, 450 and 600 grams respectively and dried during 8 minutes at a temperature of 80 C.
  • Curve Weight load in grams Percent elongation of applied in the wet the dried stable band state under load force a 10 2.25 b 150 1.4 c 300 0.96 d 450 0.78
  • EXAMPLE VIII The same compressed bands of Terylene staple fiber as used in Example VII are elongated in the same manner as in Example VII and elongated by the same percentages and subsequently were dried. Drying temperature, however, was 120C instead of 80 C.
  • processing is effected as follows:
  • a compressed or compacted band 2 of staple fibers emerges from an applicator device 1 (FIG. 9) at the speed V and is transferred at the point A at a speed V V helically onto a rotating drum 4 arranged in a housing 3 where it is subjected to a process inducing bonding of the adhesive.
  • the band containing fibers mutually interconnected by the bound adhesive now called stable band, leaves drum 4 and after passing through a traversing band guide 5 is wound onto a band package 6. Binding of the adhesive occurs in the processing zone between the points A and B under a tension within the limits of band elasticity generated and maintained up to the departure point B.
  • This tension can be adapted to requirements by chosing suitable diameter ratios of drum 4 insofar as the magnitude of the shrinkage of the stable band, depending upon a number of factors, such as type of fibers, temperature, duration of processing etc., must be taken into account.
  • a drum of constant diameter D D is chosen, drying is effected while band length is maintained constant, i.e., the band is elongated elastically by the same amount as it shrinks during processing.
  • the drum diameter is reduced by means of chosing a slightly tapered drum shape (drumshown in dashed lines D D) elongation of the band on the drum is reduced. Diameter D however, should not be chosen so small that tension drops to zero.
  • diameter D, of drum 4 can be increased (drurn, shown in dash-dotted lines, D D,) so that the band fension is increased somewhat. Diameter D should, however, not be increased so much that the limit of elastic elongation of the band is exceeded.
  • a method of continuous processing in which the compressed band 7 (FIG. 10) treated or impregnated with an adhesive distributed in a liquid is guided directly through a process ing zone 8 and subsequently is wound onto a package 9.
  • the liquid In the processing zone 8 the liquid is extracted.
  • the winding speed V in relation to the delivery speed V is chosen such, that the tension in the band 7, not yet stabilized, remains within the limits of elastic elongation in the processing zone 8 in spite of the fiber shrinkage.
  • the method makes use of the elastic deformation properties of the bands insofar as the band after the described treatment with liquid and compressing can be subject to tension without suffering a permanent change in length. In this manner the inherent fiber crimp can not reverse the previously established band compression and binding occurs in the compressed state of the band.
  • a method of producing a stable band composed of adhesively interconnected staple fibers and having an increased slope of the force-elongation curve in the force-elongation diagram comprising the steps of providing an untwisted arrangement of staple fibers, treating the untwisted arrangement of staple fibers with an excess of liquid in which an adhesive is distributed, squeezing off the liquid surplus and compressing the untwisted arrangement of staple fibers by applying pressure into a compact band of mutually compressed staple fibers, binding the adhesive in the band, and subjecting the wet band to an elongation within the limits of elastic deformation after being compressed by applying a tension force thereto, at the latest while binding of the adhesive takes place for increasing the slope of the force-elongation curve of the stable band.
  • the method according to claim 1 further including the step of subjecting a wet throughpassing band, after being compressed and before binding of the adhesive takes place, to an elongation which is generated by the tension caused by a shrinkage of the band occurring during the binding of the adhesive.
  • band the elongation during binding of the adhesive is effected by means of changing the clamping length of the band according to a predetermined function.
  • binding is induced by drying at a temperature greater than room temperature.
  • band the during binding is subject to elongation by means of an increasing clamping length of the band.
  • a method of continuously producing a stable band of adhesively interconnected staple fibers and having an increased slope of the force-elongation curve in the force-elongation diagram comprising the steps of:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
US00019243A 1969-03-21 1970-03-13 Method of producing a stable band consisting of adhesively bonded staple fibers of high lengthwise stability Expired - Lifetime US3770538A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH436169A CH515350A (de) 1969-03-21 1969-03-21 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines aus verklebten Stapelfasern bestehenden Stabilbandes mit erhöhter Steilheit des Verlaufs der Kraft-Dehnungskurve in einem Kraft-Dehnungsdiagramm und nach dem Verfahren hergestelltes Stabilband

Publications (1)

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US3770538A true US3770538A (en) 1973-11-06

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US00019243A Expired - Lifetime US3770538A (en) 1969-03-21 1970-03-13 Method of producing a stable band consisting of adhesively bonded staple fibers of high lengthwise stability
US00154569A Expired - Lifetime US3837998A (en) 1969-03-21 1971-04-16 Stable band consisting of sized staple fibers and possessing high lengthwise stability

Family Applications After (1)

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US00154569A Expired - Lifetime US3837998A (en) 1969-03-21 1971-04-16 Stable band consisting of sized staple fibers and possessing high lengthwise stability

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US (2) US3770538A (hu)
AT (1) AT329413B (hu)
AU (1) AU1249870A (hu)
BE (1) BE747576A (hu)
BR (1) BR7017652D0 (hu)
CA (1) CA926712A (hu)
CH (2) CH436169A4 (hu)
DE (1) DE2012056A1 (hu)
ES (1) ES377853A1 (hu)
FR (1) FR2037237B1 (hu)
GB (1) GB1311798A (hu)
NL (1) NL7002668A (hu)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA446854A (en) * 1948-02-24 B. Newton Russell Tensioned roving
CA582986A (en) * 1959-09-08 T. Lessig Edward Method of reducing elongation of cords
GB898518A (en) * 1959-10-24 1962-06-14 Glanzstoff Ag A process for the manufacture of rubber strips having a high elasticity modulus and which are suitable for use as inserts for articles made of rubber or elastic plastics
US3438844A (en) * 1965-06-04 1969-04-15 Kendall & Co Spot-bonded nonwoven fabrics and their preparation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA446854A (en) * 1948-02-24 B. Newton Russell Tensioned roving
CA582986A (en) * 1959-09-08 T. Lessig Edward Method of reducing elongation of cords
GB898518A (en) * 1959-10-24 1962-06-14 Glanzstoff Ag A process for the manufacture of rubber strips having a high elasticity modulus and which are suitable for use as inserts for articles made of rubber or elastic plastics
US3438844A (en) * 1965-06-04 1969-04-15 Kendall & Co Spot-bonded nonwoven fabrics and their preparation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1311798A (en) 1973-03-28
ES377853A1 (es) 1972-06-01
DE2012056A1 (de) 1971-07-29
CH515350A (de) 1971-06-30
AT329413B (de) 1976-05-10
FR2037237B1 (hu) 1974-06-14
ATA229470A (de) 1975-07-15
AU1249870A (en) 1971-09-16
CA926712A (en) 1973-05-22
NL7002668A (hu) 1970-09-23
US3837998A (en) 1974-09-24
BE747576A (hu) 1970-09-18
CH436169A4 (hu) 1971-06-30
FR2037237A1 (hu) 1970-12-31
BR7017652D0 (pt) 1973-01-11

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