US3770218A - Apparatus for granulating molded sand - Google Patents

Apparatus for granulating molded sand Download PDF

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Publication number
US3770218A
US3770218A US00214585A US3770218DA US3770218A US 3770218 A US3770218 A US 3770218A US 00214585 A US00214585 A US 00214585A US 3770218D A US3770218D A US 3770218DA US 3770218 A US3770218 A US 3770218A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
sand
trough
lumps
abrasive particles
granulated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00214585A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Carpenter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pangborn Corp
Original Assignee
Carborundum Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carborundum Co filed Critical Carborundum Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3770218A publication Critical patent/US3770218A/en
Assigned to KENNECOTT CORPORATION reassignment KENNECOTT CORPORATION MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DEC. 31, 1980 NORTH DAKOTA Assignors: BEAR CREEK MINING COMPANY, BEAR TOOTH MINING COMPANY, CARBORUNDUM COMPANY THE, CHASE BRASS & COPPER CO. INCORPORATED, KENNECOTT EXPLORATION, INC., KENNECOTT REFINING CORPORATION, KENNECOTT SALES CORPORATION, OZARK LEAD COMPANY, PLAMBEAU MINING CORPORATION, RIDGE MINING CORPORATION (ALL MERGED INTO)
Assigned to NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK USA, A NATIONAL BANKING ASSOCIATION reassignment NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK USA, A NATIONAL BANKING ASSOCIATION SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PANGBORN CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.
Assigned to PANGBORN CORPORATION reassignment PANGBORN CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: KENNECOTT CORPORATION
Assigned to MERRILL LYNCH INTERFUNDING INC. reassignment MERRILL LYNCH INTERFUNDING INC. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PANGBORN CORPORATION
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/04—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/10—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by dust separating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/18—Plants for preparing mould materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S241/00—Solid material comminution or disintegration
    • Y10S241/10—Foundry sand treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the reclamation of sand used to produce molds for foundry castings.
  • Reconditioning of used sand involves reducing molded sand lumps to individual sand grains and removing metallic particles, sintered clusters of said grains, excessive fines and other tramp and objectionable material.
  • the quality of reclaimed sand must be comparable to that of new sand so that it may be satisfactorily substituted for new sand in sand mixtures without appreciably changing the proportions of sand, chemical binders and catalysts.
  • More foundries are adopting a practice utilizing quality sand, a chemical binder and a catalyst which are mixed together and hardened into a solid cake at ambient temperatures to form a chemically bonded mold. Since baking is not required, this process is known in the art as no-bake molding.
  • the no-bake molding process has distinct advantages such as ease of making a mold, a cleaner environment, ease of handling a completed mold and improved casting finishes and casting tolerances.
  • a first conveying surface is provided for transporting lumps of molded sand onto the upper section of an endless conveyor which provides for a positive drive of the lumpy material through a stream of projected abrasive particles.
  • the granulated sand and spent abrasive is deposited on a second surface for sub- I sequent separation.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view in section showing a portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1 in detail;
  • FIG. 3 is an end elevational view along section 33 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an end elevational view along section 4-4 of FIG. 2.
  • Thetrough ll rides on a plurality of tracks 17 which are attached to the bottom of the trough '11 and contact the rollers 13 for permitting horizontal movement.
  • a substantially horizontally disposed surface 19 is provided in the upper portion of the trough 1 1 between the vertical sides thereof.
  • a feed mixture including lumps of molded sand to be granulated is deposited on the upper surface 19 by suitable means, such as a conveyor or hopper with a control valve.
  • One method of forming the feed mixture comprises projecting abrasive particles against a mold with a casting therein to remove the sand and rods from the casting and cleaning the exposed casting in one operation. This can be accomplished in a blast chamber with sand, rods, spent abrasive, fines and other contaminants falling "through the bottom of the blast chamber from where it is conveyed to the surface 19 in the trough 1 l.
  • Oscillation of the upper surface 19 causes the feed mixture to move forwardly along the surface 19 to a discharge end 21.
  • the feed mixture drops from the discharge end 21 onto an endless conveyor 23 which conveys the mixture through a stream of abrasive particles which granulate the lumps of molded sand.
  • the granulated sand is discharged from the endless conveyor 23 onto a lower surface 25 which is supported between the sides of the trough 11.
  • the granulated sand and shot which pass through apertures 27 in the lower surface 25 are carried along the bottom'of the trough l l by the oscillation thereof and exit via an opening 29 in the bottom of the trough 11.
  • the particles of a size larger than the apertures 27 in the lower surface 25 are conveyed along the surface 25 for discharge into a suitable receptacle for storage or for further processing.
  • the sand and shot mixture discharged from the bottom of the trough 11 is passed through an air wash separator of the type described in US. Pat. No. 3,368,677 wherein the falling mixture of sand and shot is subjected to an air curtain.
  • Skimmer plates are provided in a separating chamber to facilitate a separation of the mixture into individual streams in accordance with their weight.
  • the abrasive particles are heavier than the sand which in turn is heavier than'the fines.
  • the abrasive particles fall generally directly downwardly into a discharge conduit while the sand is slightly diverted and received in another discharge conduit.
  • an effective separation of the shot from the reclaimed sand is attained.
  • trash and other material which are discharged from the lower surface 25 can be reused or disposed of.
  • the upper surface 19 comprises a plurality of serrations 31 with each serration having a support surface 33 inclined upwardly toward the discharge end 21.
  • the serrations 31 comprise a plurality of rectangular slats extending across the width of the trough 11 with the forward edge tilted upwardly.
  • the consecutive serrations 31 can be separated by a small amount so as to permit loose sand to fall to the bottom of the trough 1 l.
  • the lower surface 25 is formed in this manner.
  • the oscillations of the trough 11 cause the feed material to move forward. Lumps of the material are pushed forward by a leading edge of respective serrations 31 as the trough 11 moves forward. As the trough 11 moves backward during an oscillation, the feed material tends to slide over the incline support surface 33.
  • the lumps are dis-' chargedfrom one end 21 of the upper surface 19 and dropped onto the upper section of an endless conveyor 23.
  • the conveyor 23 includes a pair of rollers 37 extending widthwise across the trough 11 and each have a shaft journaled for rotation in bearings on either side of the trough 11.
  • An endless belt 39 is trained around the rollers 37 so as to present a substantially horizontal upper and lower section of the conveyor 23.
  • a suitable drive means, such as an air driven'motor 41 is provided for driving the conveyor 23.
  • the outer surface of the belt 39 includes a plurality of projections 43 which aid in driving the lumps through the blasting stream. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the projections 43 are in the form of ribs which have straight surfaces extending outwardly from the belt 39.
  • a surface or plate 45 is provided to conform to the return portion of the belt 39 so that material received in the plate 45 is conveyed by the return section through the abrasive blast stream.
  • a rubber skirt 47 is provided between the discharge end of the upper surface and the conveyor to prevent the loss of ricocheting abrasive particles.
  • a stream of abrasive particles is projected in a path toward the upper section of the belt 39.
  • an abrasive throwing wheel 49 mounted on the shaft of a motor has a shot path which is disposed crosswise with respect to the flow of material.
  • the hottest area of the wheel stream is aimed downwardly toward the middle of the trough l1 and adjacent the discharge end 21 of the upper surface 19.
  • abrasive particles from the head stream and tail stream ricochet off the side walls and downwardly into the lumps to increase the effectiveness of the wheel stream at points remote from the hottest area.
  • a plurality of abrasive throwing wheels 49 can be mounted together to increase the width of the blast pattern.
  • the upper and lower surfaces 19 and 25, respectively, are oscillated back and forth. rapidly in a horizontal direction.
  • the oscillation of the trough 11 is accomplished by a power device 53 connected at one end to the frame and at the other end to the trough 11.
  • the power device 53 is in the form of a hydraulic cylinder and piston rod with the piston rod connected to a member 55 rigidly secured to the bottom of the trough 11.
  • a stop 57 attached to the frame and having a yieldable member secured thereto for limiting the forward stroke of the power device 53.
  • Another stop 59 having a yieldable member is also provided for limiting the backward stroke.
  • the oscillating motion is such that the trough 11 moves back-wardly more rapidly than it moves forwardly.
  • At the forward end of the stroke there is preferably a sudden reversal which allows the sand lumps to continue moving forward due to their momentum while at the backward end of the stroke there is preferably a decelerating backward motion followed by an accelerating forward motion.
  • Any suitable control 61 such as a four-way hydraulic control can be used to regulate the motion of the power device 53.
  • Any suitable power device 53 such as a mechanical, electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic means can be used to oscillate the trough 11.
  • the conventional mechanical oscillators generally use positive eccentric drives while the electrical operating systems operate on a release cycle or push-pull cycle using electro and/or permanent magnets. It is contemplated that any suitable type of power device or oscillating means 53 known in the prior art can be used to produce the oscillating motion.
  • a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes side wall 63 which is adjacent the conveyor 23 and spaced from the side wall of the trough 11 so as to form a passage 65 communicating with the bottom of the trough 11.
  • the upper portion 67 of the side wall 63 is perforated so as to permit the passage of granulated sand and shot therethrough.
  • the upper portion 67 is a screen comprising wear-resistant material. The screen is beneficial in that the drainage of abrasive and sand from the blast area is increased and the tendency for abrasive and sand to build up at the sides and corners is reduced.
  • the lower and upper surfaces 19 and 25 can be gently sloped downwardly so as to permit an increased flow of material.
  • a hopper or other suitable means at the entrance end of the conveyor for providing a reservoir of lumps toinsure a steady influx of feed material.
  • Apparatus for granulating lumps of molded sand comprising: (a) a first surface having an end for discharging lumps of sand; (b) an endless conveyor positioned below said first surface for receiving lumps of sand discharged therefrom; (c) means for projecting abrasive particles in a path toward said endless conveyor for granulating lumps of molded sand; ((1) a second surface for receiving granulated lumps. of molded sand discharged from said endless conveyor; and (e) means for oscillating said first and second surfaces for transporting lumps of sand to and away from said endless conveyor.
  • said first surface comprises a plurality of serrations, each serration having an inclined support surface.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said oscillating means comprises means for moving said first and second surfaces back and forth rapidly in a horizontal direction.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein said end- 10. Apparatus according to claim 1 including a i trough supported for oscillating movement, said first and second surfaces being supported by said trough, and said oscillating means being operably associated with said trough.
  • Apparatus according to claim 10 wherein said second surface includes a plurality of apertures for passage of granulated sand and abrasive particles, and the bottom of the trough being adapted to receive the granulated sand and abrasive particles, said bottom having an opening for the passage of granulated sand and abrasive particles.
  • Apparatus according to claim 11 wherein said endless conveyor comprises a pair of rollers, each roller mounted at either end thereof to respective sides of said trough for rotation.
  • Apparatus according to claim 12 including a wall adjacent the side of said conveyor and spaced from the side of said trough to form a channel extending to the bottom of said trough, said wall including a plurality of apertures for the passage of granulated sand and abrasive particles therethrough.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
US00214585A 1972-01-03 1972-01-03 Apparatus for granulating molded sand Expired - Lifetime US3770218A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21458572A 1972-01-03 1972-01-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3770218A true US3770218A (en) 1973-11-06

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Family Applications (1)

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US00214585A Expired - Lifetime US3770218A (en) 1972-01-03 1972-01-03 Apparatus for granulating molded sand

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3770218A (es)
JP (1) JPS4874416A (es)
CA (1) CA970526A (es)
GB (1) GB1362598A (es)
IT (1) IT974163B (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106076495A (zh) * 2016-07-25 2016-11-09 芜湖诚拓汽车零部件有限公司 自动松砂机

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US894272A (en) * 1908-01-18 1908-07-28 Albert Jorn Jr Sand-blast apparatus.
US1907198A (en) * 1929-12-28 1933-05-02 Pangborn Corp Continuously operating sand blast apparatus
US2261947A (en) * 1940-07-27 1941-11-11 August J Barnebl Foundry practice
US2924912A (en) * 1959-05-15 1960-02-16 Wheelabrator Corp Blast treatment apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US894272A (en) * 1908-01-18 1908-07-28 Albert Jorn Jr Sand-blast apparatus.
US1907198A (en) * 1929-12-28 1933-05-02 Pangborn Corp Continuously operating sand blast apparatus
US2261947A (en) * 1940-07-27 1941-11-11 August J Barnebl Foundry practice
US2924912A (en) * 1959-05-15 1960-02-16 Wheelabrator Corp Blast treatment apparatus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106076495A (zh) * 2016-07-25 2016-11-09 芜湖诚拓汽车零部件有限公司 自动松砂机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4874416A (es) 1973-10-06
CA970526A (en) 1975-07-08
IT974163B (it) 1974-06-20
GB1362598A (en) 1974-08-07

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: KENNECOTT CORPORATION

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNORS:BEAR CREEK MINING COMPANY;BEAR TOOTH MINING COMPANY;CARBORUNDUM COMPANY THE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:003961/0672

Effective date: 19801230

AS Assignment

Owner name: NATIONAL WESTMINSTER BANK USA, 592 FIFTH AVENUE, N

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PANGBORN CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004576/0188

Effective date: 19860724

AS Assignment

Owner name: PANGBORN CORPORATION, PANGBORN BLVD., HAGERSTOWN,

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004614/0421

Effective date: 19860725

AS Assignment

Owner name: MERRILL LYNCH INTERFUNDING INC., NEW YORK

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:PANGBORN CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005237/0297

Effective date: 19891211