US3762386A - Injection devices for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Injection devices for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US3762386A
US3762386A US00204032A US3762386DA US3762386A US 3762386 A US3762386 A US 3762386A US 00204032 A US00204032 A US 00204032A US 3762386D A US3762386D A US 3762386DA US 3762386 A US3762386 A US 3762386A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve
reaspirating
delivery
passage
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00204032A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Vuaille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEN MECANIQUE APPLIQUEE SOC IN
SOC INDUSTRIELLE GENERALE DE MECANIQUE APPLIQUEE FR
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GEN MECANIQUE APPLIQUEE SOC IN
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Application filed by GEN MECANIQUE APPLIQUEE SOC IN filed Critical GEN MECANIQUE APPLIQUEE SOC IN
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Publication of US3762386A publication Critical patent/US3762386A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/46—Valves
    • F02M59/462—Delivery valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2700/00—Supplying, feeding or preparing air, fuel, fuel air mixtures or auxiliary fluids for a combustion engine; Use of exhaust gas; Compressors for piston engines
    • F02M2700/13—Special devices for making an explosive mixture; Fuel pumps
    • F02M2700/1317—Fuel pumpo for internal combustion engines

Definitions

  • the injection device has in addition to the delivery valve a reaspirating valve.
  • the valves are arranged in [52] U.S. Cl.l23/l39 DP, 123/139 AF, 123/139 AK, sequence downstream of the pump cylinder and are 417/307 aligned with this cylinder.
  • the reaspirating valve is pro- [51] Int. Cl.
  • the invention relates to injection devices, for internal combustion engines, which comprise, immediately downstream of each cylinder of an injection pump wherein a piston moves, on one hand, a delivery valve urged by a spring and adapted to open on the active portion of the delivery stroke of the piston to allow liquid fuel to arrive at an injector through a linking passage and, on the other hand, a reaspirating valve also urged by a spring, arranged in a by-pass passage which connects said linking passage to the pump cylinder thereby by-passing the delivery valve and adapted to open towards the said cylinder when the difference in pressures between the linking passage and the cylinder exceeds a given limit.
  • the reaspirating valve also called equilibrating valve
  • the calibration of the spring of the reaspirating valve is such that it closes again in time to allow the persistance, in the linking passage, of a sufficient pressure at the end of an injection period for the injector to be able to reopen without delay from the beginning of the subsequent injection period.
  • the injection device defined above is characterised by the fact that the reaspirating valve and the delivery valve are arranged in this order downstream of the pump cylinder'and are aligned with this cylinder and by the fact that the reaspirating valve is provided with an axial passage permanently open and adapted to allow to pass towards the delivery valve the fuel delivered from the pump cylinder.
  • the reaspirating valve cooperates with a frustoconicalseat forming part of the abovesaid by-pass passage and communicating, when this valve is open, with the portion of the delivery passage situated between the two valves and aligned with these valves, so that the axial passage of the reaspirating valve is traversed also by the fuel flowing again from the linking passage, on the opening of the latter valve.
  • the reaspirating valve and its seat are advantageously formed according to injector technique with a reversed direction of opening, due to which good scaling is ensured and, consequently, keeping a sufficient pressure of fuel in the linking passage.
  • the two valves are housed in a one piece part bearing their respective seats and mounted at the end of the pump cylinder.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show in diagrammatic axial section, the essential elements of one embodiment of an injection device constructed according to the invention, in positions corresponding respectively to the bottom dead center of the pump piston (valves closed), to an injection period (delivery valve alone open) and to the top dead center of the said piston (reaspirating valve alone open).
  • the injection device as a whole, it is constructed in any way, such that it comprises, downstream (the direction of flow being shown diagrammatically by the arrows in FIG. 2) of each cylinder 1 of an injection pump 2 wherein a piston 3 moves, on one hand, a delivery valve 4 calibrated by a spring 5 and adapted to open on the active portion of the delivery stroke of the piston 3 to allow liquid fuel to arrive at an injector (not shown) through a linking passage 6 and, on the other hand, a reaspirating valve 7 also calibrated by a spring 8, arranged on a by-pass passage 9 which connects the said linking passage 6 to the pump cylinder 1 thereby by-passing the delivery valve 4, and adapted to open towards the cylinder 1 when the difference in pressures between the passage 6 and the cylinder 1 exceeds a given limit.
  • the cylinder 1 is housed inside a sleeve 10 with which it defines an annular supply chamber ll.
  • This chamber receives the fuel from a supply pump (not shown) and can communicate with the delivery chamber 12, which is bounded by the piston 3 in the cylinder 1, by ports 13 which are obturated by the said piston when the latter has travelled from the beginning of its delivery stroke, from an intermediate position between those of FIGS. I and 2.
  • the fuel trapped in the chamber 12 is circulated towards the injector which it reaches by passing through the passage 6 after having lifted the delivery valve 4 against the effect of its spring 5.
  • the end of the active portion of the delivery stroke of the piston 3 corresponds to the moment when the latter connects the delivery chamber 12 to th supply chamber 11, through ports 13 and a passage fashioned in the piston and bounded by a ramp 14, the rotation of the piston on itself enabling the volume of fuel injected per cycle to be adjusted.
  • the reaspirating valve 7 and the delivery valve 4 are arranged in this order downstream of the pump cylinder 1 and are aligned with this cylinder (along the axis X-X of FIG. I
  • the reaspirating valve 7 is provided with an axial passage 15 permanently open and adapted to allow the fuel circulated from the pump cylinder 1 (or more accurately from the chamber 12) to pass towards the delivery valve 4.
  • the spring 8 is a helical spring housed in a widened portion a of the axial passage 15, so that its turns are outside the geometrical extension of the unwidened portion of the said passage 15. This enables the spring 8 to thrust (by its upper end in the FIGS.) on the shoulder 15b connecting the enlarged portion 15a to the rest of the passage 15. The other end of the spring 8 bears on a fixed cup 16, itself traversed by a hole 17 which is aligned with passage 15.
  • the reaspirating valve 7 cooperates with a frustoconical seat 18 forming part of the by-pass passage 9 and communicating, when this valve is open, with a portion 19 of the delivery passage situated between the two valves 4 and 7 and in line with these values.
  • the reaspirating valve 7 and its seat 18 are produced according to injector technique, its direction of opening being however reversed with respect to that of the injector.
  • the valve 7 comprises a cylindrical portion 7a of outer diameter D serving for its guidance, a cylindrical portion 7b of outer diameter d less than diameter D of the part 7a and a frustroconical portion 7c cooperating with the seat 18 of which the shape corresponds to that of the part 70, the maximum diameter of the part 7c being equal to d.
  • the cylindrical parts 7a and 7b are connected by a shoulder 7d which can have a frustroconical shape.
  • the part 7b of small diameter and the shoulder 7d bound internally an annular chamber 20 which forms part of the by-pass passage 9. It is clear that the pressure of the fuel in the chamber exerts a thrust on the valve 7 in the direction of opening and equal to the product of this pressure and the annular surface of outer diameter D and of inner diameter d.
  • the two valves 4 and 7 are housed in a one piece part 21 bearing their respective seats 22 and 18 and mounted at the end of the cylinder 1.
  • a part comprises internally, and successively in the normal direction of flow of the fuel: a cylindrical housing 23 for the spring cup 16, which can be retained by an elastic ring 24, as well as for the cylindrical part 7a of the reaspirating valve 7; a groove 25 externally limiting the chamber 20; the seat 18; a groove 26 externally bounding the part 19 of the delivery passage; a cylindrical housing 27 for the guidance of the tail 4a of the valve 4; and the seat 22 which is generally fructroconical to cooperate with the head 4b, also fructroconical, of the valve 4.
  • the part 21 comprises a shoulder 21a which is gripped between the end ofthe cylinder 1 and a tubular connection 28 on which the linking passage 6 is adapted.
  • the cylinder 1 is itself fixed in position against by a shoulder 10a at one end of the sleeve 10, the other end being screwed to the connection 28 by means of threads 29.
  • the part 21 possesses, on the side of the shoulder 21a, a cylindrical portion 21b which is adapted practically without play to the inner surface 28a of the tubular connection 28, and beyond the part 21b, a cylindrical part 210 of outer diameter less than the diameter of the surface 280, so that there is left outside the part 21c a free annular space 30.
  • the by-pass passage 9 is then constituted by the annular space 30, by at least one radial channel 31 connecting the space to the chamber 20 itself and the seat 18.
  • the piston 3 In the course of its upward movement, the piston 3 reaches a position intermediate between those of FIGS. 2 and 3 where it starts to connect the delivery chamber 12 to the supply chamber 11 through its ramp passage 14 and ports 13.
  • the placing of the delivery passage in communication with the supply chamber 11, which is at a moderate pressure, causes the closing not only of the injector positioned at the end of the passage 6, which creates a pressure wave in this passage towards the pump 2, but also of the delivery valve 4 which opposes the propagation of this pressure wave.
  • This wave is manifested, in the by-pass passage 9, by an increase in the pressure which, by acting on the annular shoulder of 7d the reaspirating valve 7 defined above, causes possibly the opening of this valve against the effect of the spring 8, since, at this moment, the transverse surfaces of the valve 7, other than those bounding the chamber 20, are subject to the pressure of the supply chamber 11.
  • the essential advantage of the device according to the invention is that the flow of fuel is effected in a straight line, in the injection periods, from the delivery chamber 12 to the delivery valve 4, as though there was no reaspirating valve 7, that is to say without impeding the flow and, consequently, without pressure loss.
  • Injection device for an internal combustion engine, which comprises, immediately downstream of each cylinder of an injection pump wherein a piston moves, on the one hand, a delivery valve biased by a spring and adapted to open on the active portion of the delivery stroke of the piston to allow liquid fuel to arrive at an injector through a linking passage and, on the other hand, a reaspirating valve also biased by a spring, said reaspirating valve being provided with a constantly open axial passage and adapted to allow the fuel delivered from the pump cylinder to pass to the delivery valve and arranged in another passage which connects said linking passage to the pump cylinder thereby bypassing the delivery valve and adapted to open towards said cylinder when the difference in pressures between the linking passage and the cylinder exceeds a given limit, the reaspirating valve comprising a first cylindrical portion of external diameter D serving for its guidance, a second cylindrical portion of external diameter d, less than D, and a frustoconic portion, an annular seat of shape corresponding with said frustoconic portion and
  • the spring of the reaspirating valve is a helicoidal spring housed in a widened portion of the axial passage so that its turns lie outside the geometrical extension of an unwidened portion of said axial passage.
  • annular seat communicates, when the reaspirating valve is open, with the portion of the delivery circuit which is situated between the two valves and has an axis common with the two valves.
  • the one-piece part comprises internally, and successively in the normal direction of flow of the fuel, a cylindrical housing for a cup serving as a support for the helicoidal spring of the reaspirating valve, as well as for said first cylindrical portion; a groove externally bounding said annular chamber; the seat of the reaspirating valve; a groove externally bounding the portion of the delivery circuit situated between the two valves; a cylindrical housing for the guidance of a tail fast to the delivery valve; and the seat of said delivery valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US00204032A 1970-12-04 1971-12-02 Injection devices for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US3762386A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7043752A FR2116729A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-04 1970-12-04

Publications (1)

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US3762386A true US3762386A (en) 1973-10-02

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US00204032A Expired - Lifetime US3762386A (en) 1970-12-04 1971-12-02 Injection devices for internal combustion engines

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US3762386A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2116729A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1324935A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2458940A1 (de) * 1973-12-13 1975-06-26 Sigma Diesel Einspritzvorrichtung fuer verbrennungsmotoren
US4074668A (en) * 1975-02-14 1978-02-21 Vysoke Uceni Technicke Discharge valve for injection pumps of internal combustion engines
US4467767A (en) * 1981-03-21 1984-08-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines
US4577606A (en) * 1983-11-17 1986-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pressure valve assembly for fuel injection pumps
CN103089508A (zh) * 2013-02-06 2013-05-08 福建省莆田市中涵机动力有限公司 同轴式共轨泵进出油组合阀
US20200182365A1 (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-06-11 Stanadyne Llc Integrated Outlet Check Valve and Pressure Relief Valve

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8404018U1 (de) * 1984-02-10 1985-06-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe für Brennkraftmaschinen

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE87915C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
DE586339C (de) * 1931-02-25 1933-10-20 Lanova Akt Ges Verfahren zum OEffnen des Druckventils bei Brennstoffpumpen
US2090781A (en) * 1933-07-12 1937-08-24 Atlas Diesel Ab Fuel pump for internal combustion engines
US2384011A (en) * 1942-04-01 1945-09-04 Bendix Aviat Corp Fuel injection apparatus
GB1000543A (en) * 1963-06-28 1965-08-04 Sulzer Ag Improvements relating to delivery valve arrangements of fuel injection pumps

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE87915C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
DE586339C (de) * 1931-02-25 1933-10-20 Lanova Akt Ges Verfahren zum OEffnen des Druckventils bei Brennstoffpumpen
US2090781A (en) * 1933-07-12 1937-08-24 Atlas Diesel Ab Fuel pump for internal combustion engines
US2384011A (en) * 1942-04-01 1945-09-04 Bendix Aviat Corp Fuel injection apparatus
GB1000543A (en) * 1963-06-28 1965-08-04 Sulzer Ag Improvements relating to delivery valve arrangements of fuel injection pumps

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2458940A1 (de) * 1973-12-13 1975-06-26 Sigma Diesel Einspritzvorrichtung fuer verbrennungsmotoren
US3965876A (en) * 1973-12-13 1976-06-29 Sigma Diesel Fuel injection pumps for internal combustion engines
US4074668A (en) * 1975-02-14 1978-02-21 Vysoke Uceni Technicke Discharge valve for injection pumps of internal combustion engines
US4467767A (en) * 1981-03-21 1984-08-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines
US4577606A (en) * 1983-11-17 1986-03-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Pressure valve assembly for fuel injection pumps
CN103089508A (zh) * 2013-02-06 2013-05-08 福建省莆田市中涵机动力有限公司 同轴式共轨泵进出油组合阀
US20200182365A1 (en) * 2018-12-07 2020-06-11 Stanadyne Llc Integrated Outlet Check Valve and Pressure Relief Valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2159332A1 (de) 1972-06-15
GB1324935A (en) 1973-07-25
DE2159332B2 (de) 1976-02-05
FR2116729A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-07-21

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