US3760862A - Method for casting steel ingots - Google Patents

Method for casting steel ingots Download PDF

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Publication number
US3760862A
US3760862A US00171339A US3760862DA US3760862A US 3760862 A US3760862 A US 3760862A US 00171339 A US00171339 A US 00171339A US 3760862D A US3760862D A US 3760862DA US 3760862 A US3760862 A US 3760862A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steel
ingot mould
mould
ingot
gas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00171339A
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English (en)
Inventor
Goudoever S Van
L Jansse
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Hoogovens En Staalfabrieken N V nl
KONINKLIJKE HOOGOVENS EN STAAL
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KONINKLIJKE HOOGOVENS EN STAAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
    • B22D27/003—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting by using inert gases

Definitions

  • the ingot mould is filled with effervescent steel in a single casting operation, after a time the liquid contents are killed by addition of a deoxidizing agent, and thereafter a gas, preferably air, is blown through the molten steel from a lance introduced into the molten steel from above and into proximity to the bottom of the mould.
  • the lance preferably consists of a non-heat-insulating tube of a normal and usual steel composition, and heat discharge from the upper part of the molten steel is preferably decreased by applying an insulating layer 10- cally onto the inner wall of the ingot mould and/or strewing a heat insulating powder onto the steel.
  • This invention relates to a method for casting steel ingots, in particular for rolling purposes, in which socalled effervescent steel is cast into an ingot mould and in which the liquid contents of the mould after some time are killed by the addition of a deoxidizing agent.
  • the known method as given in the preamble aims at combining the resistance to ageing ofingots from killed steel with the clean, smooth and beautiful surface of ingots cast from effervescent steel while avoiding the disadvantages inherent to both types of steel.
  • the ingot mould is first provided with a so-called hot top at the inner side close to its upper edge, said hot top consisting of thermally insulating material.
  • Such hot tops are very well known and available in the trade in different types and compositions.
  • the ingot mould is filled with effervescent steel up to the lower edge of the hot top.
  • a deoxidizing agent is introduced into the liquid metal in the mould, which kills this remaining liquid metal in the ingot mould.
  • a usual deoxidizing agent in this respect is aluminium.
  • the ingot mould After finishing of the reaction with the deoxidizing agent the ingot mould is further filled with steel up to its upper edge, after which the bath is covered by a powdery substance restricting the heat loss in an upward direction.
  • An advantage of this method is that an ingot is obtainedwith a clean skin, giving rolled sheets with clean and smooth surfaces. Moreover, it is possible to make sheets from such an ingot by rolling, which are very well resistant to ageing. Nevertheless this method also has disadvantages.
  • One of these is that it is necessary to heat the bath in the ladle (of e.g., 100 tons) to a temperature which is about 30C higher than usual, because it is necessary to apply additional filling of the ingot mould after the deoxidizing reaction.
  • Such a higher temperature of tapping the ladle and filling the ingot mould has several unfavourable consequences. In general a higher temperature when tapping means that the control of the gas development and thus of the flow of gas in the steel during the solidification of the skin becomes more difficult.
  • the wear of the casting plates, on which the ingot moulds are positioned, and of the ingot moulds themselves, increases rapidly with a higher temperature of casting. Wear in this respect means among others the attack as a result of erosion and corrosion of casting plates and ingot moulds by the falling jet of liquid steel, and the mechanical wear caused by the stripping of the ingot moulds from the ingots, for which stripping very high forces are necessary because as a result among others of the high casting temperature the ingots stick intimately to the casting plates and/or the ingot moulds.
  • a higher wear of plates and ingot moulds results in a more rapid depreciation thereof and thus a higher price of the steel.
  • Another disadvantage of said known method is formed by the longer time periods necessary for filling of the ingot moulds. This is so because by the filling in two phases the total filling time of the ingot mould in the average becomes longer, and thus the casting crane is less available for other purposes or further use and the same is true for the casting ladies, the ingot moulds and the casting plates. This also disadvantageously influences the price of the steel.
  • the present invention aims at removing these disadvantages and in particular to cast ingots of qualities as given above by means of a single filling operation of the ingot moulds with molten steel of a lower temperature, while maintaining an effervescent solidification during 5 to 6 minutes after filling of the ingot mould.
  • the invention consists in that in a method as given in the preamble the ingot mould is filled with molten steel in one casting operation and that after adding the deoxidizing agent the still molten part of the contents of the ingot mould are homogenized by means of the blowing of a gas through the molten steel from a lance introduced into this steel from above to the proximity of the lower end of the ingot mould.
  • a surprising solution for this problem was found in completing the present invention by using a blowing lance, consisting of a single non-insulated tube of a usual steel quality.
  • the result thereof is that after the blowing period of short duration the steel tube melts away and the steel thereof is solved into the steel bath in the ingotmould.
  • the metallurgical composition of this tube is not very much critical in influencingthe composition of the ingot.
  • the requirement that the tube should consist of a normal and usual steel quality is sufficient, with sufficient freedom as to the exact composition.
  • aluminium or another deoxidizing agent is first introduced into the bath and only thereafter the gas is injected.
  • This gas does not serve the purpose of scavenging the steel, but of homogenizing it as a result of a stirring action.
  • a considerably lower quantity of gas is necessary (in the order of magnitude of 1.5 standard liters per ton of steel) and by this much lower quantity this gas needs not be argon or another inert and expensive gas, but it could be air which is of course much cheaper.
  • this method of the invention it has not appeared necessary to scavenge the molten steel by the gas.
  • FIG. 1 represents a vertical section through a filled ingot mould into which deoxidizing agent is being introduced
  • FIG. 2 represents the subsequent introduction of air thereinto by way of a fusible steel lance.
  • an ingot mould l for 20 tons of steel is provided with a usual hot top 2, so that after the casting the hot top volume is about 13 percent of the ingot volume.
  • the hot top consists of plates, which are mutually connected and secured with angle parts and which are secured to the ingot mould by several nails 3. This is a usual method when manufacturing so-called ladle killed steel.
  • the mould is positioned onto a casting plate 4 with its widest end of its somewhat tapering configuration in contact with the plate (big end down").
  • the remaining part of the steel pipe is thereupon withdrawn from the bath and the steel bath is covered with a usual covering powder for counteracting the discharge of heat at the top surface. Thereafter the ingots are treated in a manner usual for so-called killed ingots.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
US00171339A 1970-08-14 1971-08-12 Method for casting steel ingots Expired - Lifetime US3760862A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7012060A NL167999C (nl) 1970-08-14 1970-08-14 Werkwijze voor het gieten van staalblokken.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3760862A true US3760862A (en) 1973-09-25

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ID=19810784

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US00171339A Expired - Lifetime US3760862A (en) 1970-08-14 1971-08-12 Method for casting steel ingots

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3760862A (nl)
BE (1) BE771314A (nl)
DE (1) DE2140142B2 (nl)
FR (1) FR2102265B3 (nl)
GB (1) GB1304826A (nl)
NL (1) NL167999C (nl)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882922A (en) * 1973-07-23 1975-05-13 Liviu B Wiener Treating of cast materials in the molten state
US3929185A (en) * 1973-07-23 1975-12-30 Liviu B Wiener Apparatus for treating cast materials in the molten state
US4481032A (en) * 1983-08-12 1984-11-06 Pfizer Inc. Process for adding calcium to a bath of molten ferrous material

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2615134B1 (fr) * 1987-05-14 1991-04-19 Perie Rene Procede et dispositif pour la reduction de la retassure lors de la solidification des metaux, alliages, refractaires electrofondus et autres ceramiques obtenues par fusion

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB390533A (en) * 1930-10-27 1933-04-07 Electro Metallurg Co Process for the production of metal castings
US2837800A (en) * 1954-11-01 1958-06-10 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Casting of ferrous ingots
US2882571A (en) * 1956-10-08 1959-04-21 Koppers Co Inc Method of casting metals
FR1280985A (fr) * 1961-02-10 1962-01-08 Centre Nat Rech Metall Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de l'effervescence et le calmage de l'acieren coulée et acier conforme à celui ainsi obtenu
US3208117A (en) * 1962-03-28 1965-09-28 Reisholz Stahl & Roehrenwerk Casting method
DE1953410A1 (de) * 1968-10-23 1970-11-12 Nippon Kokan Kk Verfahren zur Zugabe eines Zuschlagstoffs zu einer Metallschmelze

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB390533A (en) * 1930-10-27 1933-04-07 Electro Metallurg Co Process for the production of metal castings
US2837800A (en) * 1954-11-01 1958-06-10 Yawata Iron & Steel Co Casting of ferrous ingots
US2882571A (en) * 1956-10-08 1959-04-21 Koppers Co Inc Method of casting metals
FR1280985A (fr) * 1961-02-10 1962-01-08 Centre Nat Rech Metall Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de l'effervescence et le calmage de l'acieren coulée et acier conforme à celui ainsi obtenu
US3208117A (en) * 1962-03-28 1965-09-28 Reisholz Stahl & Roehrenwerk Casting method
DE1953410A1 (de) * 1968-10-23 1970-11-12 Nippon Kokan Kk Verfahren zur Zugabe eines Zuschlagstoffs zu einer Metallschmelze

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3882922A (en) * 1973-07-23 1975-05-13 Liviu B Wiener Treating of cast materials in the molten state
US3929185A (en) * 1973-07-23 1975-12-30 Liviu B Wiener Apparatus for treating cast materials in the molten state
US4481032A (en) * 1983-08-12 1984-11-06 Pfizer Inc. Process for adding calcium to a bath of molten ferrous material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2140142B2 (de) 1977-01-13
NL167999B (nl) 1981-09-16
DE2140142A1 (de) 1972-02-17
FR2102265B3 (nl) 1973-12-28
FR2102265A3 (nl) 1972-04-07
GB1304826A (nl) 1973-01-31
BE771314A (nl) 1972-02-14
NL7012060A (nl) 1972-02-16
NL167999C (nl) 1982-02-16

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