US3757746A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US3757746A
US3757746A US00139601A US3757746DA US3757746A US 3757746 A US3757746 A US 3757746A US 00139601 A US00139601 A US 00139601A US 3757746D A US3757746D A US 3757746DA US 3757746 A US3757746 A US 3757746A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
tube
heat exchanger
cylinders
set forth
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00139601A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Sharan
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Sulzer AG
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Sulzer AG
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Publication date
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Publication of US3757746A publication Critical patent/US3757746A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F22B21/22—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight
    • F22B21/26—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from water tubes of form other than straight or substantially straight bent helically, i.e. coiled

Definitions

  • n2/i5() R' headers and both are enclosed by a cylindrical casing of helically coiled tubes.
  • a mule burner is located co- [56] References Cited axially of the first tube system to direct a flow of heat UNITED STATES PATENTS exchange medium into the heat exchanger.
  • HEAT EXCHANGER This invention relates to a heat exchanger and more particularly to a heat exchanger for generating hot water or steam.
  • heat exchangers especially those for generating hot water or steam, have been constructed with a tube system for carrying a heat exchange medium and a support structure for supporting the tubes of the tube system relative to one another.
  • these support structures have generally been uncooled during operation of the exchangers.
  • the highest temperature of the heat exchanger medium has been limited since the support structures may be deleteriously effected should excessively high temperatures occur within the heat exchanger.
  • these support structures have frequently required suitable means for damping any vibrations of the tubes within the heat exchangers.
  • the cost of these heat exchangers has been increased.
  • lt is another object of the invention to eliminate the use of uncooled support structures in a heat exchanger.
  • the invention provides a heat exchanger with two tube systems for a heat-exchanger medium.
  • the first tube system includes a plurality of co-axial tube cylinders wherein each cylinder consists of at least one helically coiled tube while the second system includes a skeleton of tubes between the cylinders of the first system.
  • the second tube system is also connected to a distributor situated at one end of the tube cylinders of the first tube system.
  • This heat exchanger has the advantagev that the second tube system forming the skeleton does away with the need for any uncooled means for mounting the tube cylinders of the first tube system relative to one another. Consequently, the effective heat exchanger surface that can be accommodated in a given volume is increased while, on the other hand, a heat exchanger medium at very high temperature, eg., 2,000C, can be used to heat the heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger medium at very high temperature eg., 2,000C
  • the heat exchanger also includes a muffle burner for the production of a heated gas or second heat exchanger medium.
  • the muffle burner is located within the heat exchanger so that the axis of the mufe of the burner is parallel to the axis of the tube cylinders.
  • the tube cylinders are surrounded by a cylindrical casing of tubes which are welded together in sealing-tight relationship.
  • the advantage of this is that the space through which the first heat exchange medium flows is uniformly and densely filled by heat exchange tubes. Also, this construction is favorable if internal pressure occurs either as a result of the use of booster systems or an explosion. Further, no special supporting means, e.g., flanged girders, are necessary for the heat exchanger casing.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an axial sectional view through a heat exchanger according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a plan view of the heat exchanger of FIG. l, the muffle burner having been omitted.
  • the heat exchanger incorporates a first tube system consisting of six coaxial tube cylinders, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
  • a second tube sys tem is provided which forms a skeleton and serves to space apart the tube cylinders 4 to 9.
  • This second tube system consists of four groups of tubes, each of which is situated in a radial plane (cf. FIG. 2), viz. 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15; 16, 17, 18,19 and 20; 2l, 22, 23, 24 and 25; and 26, 27, 28, 29, and 30. Of these four tube groups, only the groups of tubes 1l to 15 and 16 to 20, together with the tubes 21 and 22 are shown in FIG. 1.
  • the tubes of these four groups extend axially between the six tube cylinders 4 to 9 and pass from four distributors 31, 32, 33 and l34 for the heat-absorbing medium, e.g., water, and lead at the top into four headers 36, 37, 38 and 39.
  • FIG. 2 shows the connection of the skeleton tubes 23-25 and 26-30 not visible in FIG. 1 to the headers 38 and 39.
  • the innermost tube cylinder 4 is formed from three contiguous helically coiled tubes l, 2 and 3 while the tube cylinder 5 consists of two helically coiled tubes 51 and 52 between the coils of which some space is provided.
  • FIG. 1 the cross-section of one and the same tube in each tube cylinder is marked by a cross.
  • the tubes of the tube cylinders 4 to 9 are also connected to the distributors 31 to 34 and the headers 36 to 39, so that all the tubes are connected in parallel with respect to the flow of heat-absorbing medium.
  • the individual tube cylinders are shown as chain-dotted circles and in each case that end of the tubes forming the tube cylinders which emerges from the drawing plane has been illustrated.
  • the four headers 36 to 39 with the tube connections are also shown, and the association between the tubes and the headers will be apparent from the numbering of the tube ends and the tube connections.
  • the tubes are connected correspondingly to the distributors 3l to 34.
  • Additional tubes 15'20', 25 and 30', extending outside the outermost tube cylinder 9, are also situated in the plane of each group of tubes forming the skeleton.
  • the resulting heat exchanger is surrounded by a circular cylindrical casing 40 consisting of helically coiled tubes 41, 42 which are welded together to be gas-tight and which are connected to the headers 39, 38, respectively.
  • the top of the casing 40 is bounded by a conical sheet-metal cap 46 in the center of which, a swirl-type muffle burner 45 is provided which is co-axial with the tube cylinders 4 to 9.
  • the bottom end of the casing is closed by a sheet-metal hopper 47, which at the bottom end thereof merges into a flue gas duct 43 leading to a chimney (not shown).
  • the sheet-metal cap 46 and hopper 47 are welded to the casing 40 so as to be gas-tight and the tubes of the heat exchanger and of the distributors 31-34 extend through the cap 46 and hopper 47 in gas-tight relationship.
  • Those ends of the tubes forming the tube cylinders which are adjacent the burner 45 radiate outwards and surround the burner muffle as shown in the case of the tubes l, 2, 3 of the inner tube cylinder 4 and the skeleton tubes 11 and 16 (cf, FIG. l).
  • Gaseous or liquid fuel is burnt in the muffle burner 45 with a minimum of excess air so that combustion is complete inside the muffle and only hot gas, i.e., no flames, emerges from the muffle.
  • a space is formed between the muffle outlet and the tube cylinders 4 to 9 in which the gas leaving the muffle can be distributed uniformly over the heated tubes of the heat exchanger to heat the tubes by convection.
  • the axial length of this gas distribution space is less than 1.5 times the inside diameter d of the muffle of the burner
  • a throttle means is provided at the bottom end of the tube cylinder.
  • This throttle means is in the form of a cylindrical sheetmetal cap 44 having a slightly smaller diameter than the inside diameter of the tube cylinder 44 and having apertures 48 for passage of the gas in the cylindrical wall thereof.
  • the heat exchanger may be disposed horizontally.
  • the tubes forming the skeleton may also be coiled helieally instead of being rectilinear, the direction of coiling of these tubes being in opposition to that of the tubes of the tube cylinders 4 to 9.
  • the tube system forming the skeleton and the tube system forming the tube cylinders may be connected in series in the flow of the heat-absorbing medium, with the system forming the skeleton being situated upstream of the system forming the tube cylinders.
  • a heat exchanger comprising means for producing a heated gas
  • a first tube system for conducting a heat exchange medium to be heated by convection spaced from said means said system including a plurality of coaxial tube cylinders, each cylinder consisting of at least one helieally coiled tube and the innermost tube cylinder of said system having contiguous coils therein and being coaxial with said means for producing a heated gas;
  • a second tube system for conducting the heat exchange medium spaced from said means to be heated by convection, said second tube system including a skeleton of tubes interposed between adjacent ones of said cylinders of said first tube system to space said cylinders from each other;
  • a heat exchanger as set forth in claim 3 which further comprises a plurality of distributors and a plurality of headers, each said distributor being connected to a respective one of said groups of tubes of said skeleton of tubes at one end thereof and each said header being connected to a respective one of said groups at an opposite end thereof.
  • a heat exchanger as set forth in claim 1 which further includes a cylindrical casing of tubes welded together in sealing-tight relationship and surrounding said tube cylindersof said first tube system.
  • a heat exchanger as set forth in claim ll which further comprises a distribution space for the heated gas between an outlet of said muffle burner and said tube cylinders.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US00139601A 1970-05-08 1971-05-03 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US3757746A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH686170A CH523468A (de) 1970-05-08 1970-05-08 Mit Feuerung versehener, der Heisswasser- oder Dampferzeugung dienender Wärmeübertrager

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3757746A true US3757746A (en) 1973-09-11

Family

ID=4316173

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00139601A Expired - Lifetime US3757746A (en) 1970-05-08 1971-05-03 Heat exchanger

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3757746A (fr)
BE (1) BE766762A (fr)
CA (1) CA946828A (fr)
CH (1) CH523468A (fr)
DE (1) DE2024485A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES195901Y (fr)
FR (1) FR2091365A5 (fr)
GB (1) GB1314767A (fr)
NL (1) NL7008157A (fr)
SE (1) SE370275B (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6325139B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2001-12-04 Noboru Maruyama Heat-exchange coil assembly
US6793770B1 (en) * 1999-11-04 2004-09-21 Balcke-Durr Energietechnik Gmbh Evaporator
US20120210997A1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 Mcnulty Peter Drummond Method and device for generating steam and low oxygen gas
US10145621B2 (en) 2012-02-17 2018-12-04 Hussmann Corporation Multi-zone circuiting for a plate-fin and continuous tube heat exchanger

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2458766A1 (fr) * 1979-06-06 1981-01-02 Svensson Ernst Chaudiere de chauffage central
DE29812232U1 (de) * 1998-07-09 1999-09-09 Wap Reinigungssysteme Stehender Wärmetauscher

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597423A (en) * 1948-12-17 1952-05-20 Comb Eng Superheater Inc Steam generator
DE1025437B (de) * 1955-07-20 1958-03-06 Konrad Stauffer M Gladbach Dr Beheizter Waermeaustauscher fuer Fluessigkeiten
DE1060882B (de) * 1956-01-26 1959-07-09 Siemens Ag Dreistoffwaermetauscher fuer Waermekraftanlagen, insbesondere Atomkraftanlagen
DE1083526B (de) * 1956-11-23 1960-06-15 Hans G Nissen Stehender Einrohrkessel fuer Heisswasser-Sammelheizungsanlagen
GB1028525A (en) * 1963-03-15 1966-05-04 Ind Cie Kleinewefers Konstrukt A heater for a gaseous medium comprising pipe coils providing a convection zone and a radiation zone
US3446188A (en) * 1966-01-14 1969-05-27 Japan Atomic Energy Res Inst Steam generator or heater for an atomic power generating plant

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597423A (en) * 1948-12-17 1952-05-20 Comb Eng Superheater Inc Steam generator
DE1025437B (de) * 1955-07-20 1958-03-06 Konrad Stauffer M Gladbach Dr Beheizter Waermeaustauscher fuer Fluessigkeiten
DE1060882B (de) * 1956-01-26 1959-07-09 Siemens Ag Dreistoffwaermetauscher fuer Waermekraftanlagen, insbesondere Atomkraftanlagen
DE1083526B (de) * 1956-11-23 1960-06-15 Hans G Nissen Stehender Einrohrkessel fuer Heisswasser-Sammelheizungsanlagen
GB1028525A (en) * 1963-03-15 1966-05-04 Ind Cie Kleinewefers Konstrukt A heater for a gaseous medium comprising pipe coils providing a convection zone and a radiation zone
US3446188A (en) * 1966-01-14 1969-05-27 Japan Atomic Energy Res Inst Steam generator or heater for an atomic power generating plant

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6325139B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2001-12-04 Noboru Maruyama Heat-exchange coil assembly
AU742624B2 (en) * 1998-05-15 2002-01-10 Noboru Maruyama Heat-exchange coil assembly
US6793770B1 (en) * 1999-11-04 2004-09-21 Balcke-Durr Energietechnik Gmbh Evaporator
US20120210997A1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 Mcnulty Peter Drummond Method and device for generating steam and low oxygen gas
US10145621B2 (en) 2012-02-17 2018-12-04 Hussmann Corporation Multi-zone circuiting for a plate-fin and continuous tube heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7008157A (fr) 1971-11-10
BE766762A (fr) 1971-11-05
CH523468A (de) 1972-05-31
DE2024485A1 (de) 1971-12-23
ES195901U (es) 1975-02-16
FR2091365A5 (fr) 1972-01-14
SE370275B (fr) 1974-10-07
CA946828A (en) 1974-05-07
ES195901Y (es) 1975-07-16
GB1314767A (en) 1973-04-26

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