US3756805A - Method of producing lead bead bearing steel - Google Patents

Method of producing lead bead bearing steel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3756805A
US3756805A US00079529A US3756805DA US3756805A US 3756805 A US3756805 A US 3756805A US 00079529 A US00079529 A US 00079529A US 3756805D A US3756805D A US 3756805DA US 3756805 A US3756805 A US 3756805A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lead
steel
ladle
stream
bath
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00079529A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Ormaechea
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Individual
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Individual
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0037—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material
    • C21C7/0043—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00 by injecting powdered material into the falling stream of molten metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved method of making steel and a product produced thereby.
  • the present invention relates particularly to the manufacture of lead-bearing steels, having a lead content of between 0.10 and 0.8% which is distributed finely and homogeneously throughout the entire mass of the steel.
  • lead-bearing steels have a greater machinability, when worked on chip-producing machinetools, than steels of the same basic composition that do not contain lead.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical longitudinal section through a melting furnace, a ladle and the means for adding the lead at the moment at which the metal is poured into the ladle and the addition of lead is made;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical longitudinal section through the ladle showing one construction thereof according to the present invention of the ladle outlet;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical longitudinal section through the ladle showing another ladle outlet construc tion.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a melting furnace 1, from which a stream of molten steel 2 passes from the melting furnace 1 to a ladle 3.
  • a feed means 4 feeds a solid or liquid lead into a duct 5 which carries the lead to the molten stream of metal with which it joins up at point 6.
  • the ladle outlet 7 is more particularly disclosed in FIGS. 2 and 3QFIG. 2 shows an arrangement in which a base 8 of the ladle has a projecting portion orupstanding rim9, whereby it israised above the opening ofitheladle outlet.
  • FIG. 3 there is shownianotherarrangement in which a sleeve 7 defining the ladle outlethas one end thereof raised above theflatnbase 8 of the ladle.
  • a plug 10 is providedforopening and closing the'ladle outlet:
  • the lead-oxide formed has a low boiling point and causes bubbling of the steel bath which becomes saturated with this compound.
  • Table No. 1 shows the solubility of lead-oxide as a function of the temperature of the bath, as established on the basis of numerous tests:
  • the solubility of lead in steel is independent of the composition of the steel and is determined solely by temperature.
  • the temperature at which the metal is poured into the ladle should be greater than 1600 C. and is governed by the percentage of lead required in the steel, as shown in Table No. 1.
  • the quantity of lead added in solid or liquid form should be greater than that theoretically required, and preferably should be 40% greater than the quantity that it is desired to incorporate in the steel.
  • the lead is added at the feed point via means 4 (FIG. 1) at a rate equal to that required at the upper part 6 of the stream of molten steel.
  • the rate of supply of the lead needed at the feed point 4 in FIG. 1 can be determined by simple tests, the aim being to have a supply of solid or liquid lead reaching the stream of molten metal during practically the entire period during which pouring takes place. Nevertheless, the system does not call for a high degree of co-ordination in this operation, since, as previously indicated, if too much lead is added this does not become incorporated in the bath but is deposited on the base of the ladle.
  • the method of the present invention does not require any high capital cost equipment.
  • the only requirement is that of positioning the ladle outlet 7 or a rim 9 in such a way that it projects upward of or beyond the plane of the base 8 of the ladle 3, thus preventing the lead, deposited on the base, from being entrained by the stream of steel which emerges through the mouth-piece 7 when casting takes place.
  • the method to which the present invention relates can be applied to all kinds of steel compositions and can be adopted in present-day steel-producing techniques.
  • the method of the present invention can be used in all the usual steel-making processes, for example, Siemens- Martin, electric furnace, L.D., continuous casting, or mold-casting by the siphon or direct methods.
  • ingots manufactured by the method of the present invention do not need to be end-cropped, as is the case with ingots manufactured by the classical methods.
  • the lead particles form a fine, homogeneous dispersion, the grain-size of which is often less than one micron.
  • a method of producing lead-bearing steel, containing a uniform distribution of lead comprising the steps of discharging a stream of molten steel from a melting furnace into a ladle,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US00079529A 1970-02-03 1970-10-09 Method of producing lead bead bearing steel Expired - Lifetime US3756805A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES376188A ES376188A1 (es) 1970-02-03 1970-02-03 Perfeccionamientos introducidos en el proceso de fabrica- cion de aceros.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3756805A true US3756805A (en) 1973-09-04

Family

ID=8455007

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00079529A Expired - Lifetime US3756805A (en) 1970-02-03 1970-10-09 Method of producing lead bead bearing steel

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3756805A (xx)
AT (1) AT322598B (xx)
BE (1) BE762489A (xx)
CH (1) CH545855A (xx)
DE (2) DE2012668A1 (xx)
ES (1) ES376188A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2079204A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1311156A (xx)
LU (1) LU62493A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL7101331A (xx)
SE (1) SE382829B (xx)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3917240A (en) * 1971-08-02 1975-11-04 Sumitomo Metal Ind Apparatus for projecting pieces of a deoxidizing agent into molten steel
US4203763A (en) * 1977-12-21 1980-05-20 Scandinavian Lancers Aktiebolag Method of manufacturing a lead alloy steel and a steel made according to the method
US4371395A (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-02-01 Southwire Company Technique for adding lead to steel
US4751047A (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-06-14 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of adding low-melting-point metal to molten steel
US4781887A (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-11-01 Nippon Steel Corporation Production of steels containing low melting point metals
US4849167A (en) * 1988-03-18 1989-07-18 Inland Steel Company Method and appartus for adding liquid alloying ingredient to molten steel
US4848755A (en) * 1988-03-18 1989-07-18 Inland Steel Company Apparatus for adding liquid alloying ingredient to molten steel

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT345491B (de) * 1976-12-10 1978-09-25 Voest Ag Einrichtung zur zugabe von zusatzstoffen in einen metallgiessstrahl
DE2730045C2 (de) * 1977-07-02 1984-11-08 Krupp Stahl Ag, 4630 Bochum Verfahren zum Herstellen verschleißbeständiger Schienen und/oder Radwerkstoffen

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3917240A (en) * 1971-08-02 1975-11-04 Sumitomo Metal Ind Apparatus for projecting pieces of a deoxidizing agent into molten steel
US4203763A (en) * 1977-12-21 1980-05-20 Scandinavian Lancers Aktiebolag Method of manufacturing a lead alloy steel and a steel made according to the method
US4371395A (en) * 1981-07-06 1983-02-01 Southwire Company Technique for adding lead to steel
US4781887A (en) * 1986-11-14 1988-11-01 Nippon Steel Corporation Production of steels containing low melting point metals
US4751047A (en) * 1987-05-26 1988-06-14 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of adding low-melting-point metal to molten steel
US4849167A (en) * 1988-03-18 1989-07-18 Inland Steel Company Method and appartus for adding liquid alloying ingredient to molten steel
US4848755A (en) * 1988-03-18 1989-07-18 Inland Steel Company Apparatus for adding liquid alloying ingredient to molten steel
AU616921B2 (en) * 1988-03-18 1991-11-14 Inland Steel Company Method and apparatus for adding liquid alloying ingredient to molten steel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2065802A1 (de) 1976-03-11
ES376188A1 (es) 1972-03-16
SE382829B (sv) 1976-02-16
LU62493A1 (xx) 1971-08-11
DE2012668A1 (de) 1971-08-12
GB1311156A (en) 1973-03-21
NL7101331A (xx) 1971-08-05
AT322598B (de) 1975-05-26
FR2079204A1 (xx) 1971-11-12
CH545855A (xx) 1974-02-15
BE762489A (fr) 1971-07-16

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