Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
  • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
  • C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/123—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms polycarboxylic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
  • C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
  • C10M2207/22—Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
  • C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/28—Esters
  • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
  • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
  • C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/242—Hot working
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/243—Cold working
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
  • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
  • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/20—Metal working
  • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
  • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/04—Aerosols

Definitions

• Metal working operations for example, forging, hot pressing, blanking, bending, stamping, drawing, cutting, punching, spinning and the like, generally employ a lubricant to facilitate the metal working operation.
• Lubricants greatly improve metal working operations in that they can reduce the power required for the operation, prevent sticking and decrease wear of dies and cutting bits.
• Common lubricants in metal working operations have been vegetable oilsQanimal oils and mineral oils, for example, palm oil, tallow oils and petroleum oils.
• Metal working operations generally expose unprotected metal surfaces to the atmosphere and other corrosive influences which can result in the formation of non-adherent oxides and hydroxides of the metal. Therefore, corrosion inhibitors are often added to metal working lubricants.
• metal working operations involving aluminum, copper, titanium and alloys of these metal's it is especially desirable to protect the metal worked from corrosion, i.e., the formation of non-adherent oxides and hydroxides.
• aluminum is prone to form a white non-adherent hydroxide if it is not protected during metal working operations.
• dimers of ethylenic monocarboxylic acids having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms may be used as lubricants for metal working operations.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,006,849 assigned to the Standard Oil Company discloses a metal working process for ferrous metals involving a lubricant composition employing such polymerized fatty acids.
• US. Pat. No. 2,922,763 assigned to Texaco, Inc. discloses'the use of full esters of such polymerized fatty acids in high temperature lubricant compositions.
• dibasic dimer acids nor the full esters of such acids is completely satisfactory in metal working operations involving aluminum, copper and titanium.
• dibasic acid dimers are excellent lubricants and provide corrosion resistance to these metals, these particular metals tend to form insoluble soaps with dimer acids which are inactive sludges.
• the dimer acids tend to stain aluminum in metal working operations so that it does not present a pleasant aesthetic appearance.
• the full esters of the dibasic acid esters are not completely satisfactory lubricants in that the full esters do not render aluminum, copper and titanium corrosion resistant.
• This invention presents a novel process for lubricating metal working operations involving aluminum, copper, titanium and alloys of these metals which comprises lubricating such operations with a monoester of a dimer acid of ethylenic monocarboxylic acids having from 16 to 22 carbon atoms.
• the advantages of the process of this invention are derived from the 'unique properties of the dimer acid ester utilized herein. These 2 dimer acid esters surprisingly do not form sludges, or stain the metal being worked and yet surprisingly are excellent lubricants and corrosion inhibitors.
• This invention relates to a process for lubricating metal working operations involving aluminum, copper, titanium and alloys of these metals which comprises lubricating such operations with a "surprisingly useful lubricant comprising monoesters of dimers of ethylenic monocarboxylic acids having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms.
• Typical of the metal working operations included within the scope of this invention are forging, hot pressing, blanking, bending, stamping, drawing, cutting, punching, spinning, and the like. These operations are well .known in the metal working art. A fuller (ICSCI'IP', tion of these operations all of which are common to the metal working art, can be found in the book titled AluminumForming published by the ReynoldsMetals Company, Richmond, Virginia.
• the temperature of the metal involved in the operation should not exceed about 800 F, and preferably should not exceed about 600 F;
• the surprisingly useful lubricants utilized in the process of this'invention comprise the methyl, ethyl and propyl monoesters of dimers of ethylenic monocarboxylic acids having from about l6 toabout 22 carbon atoms. Such esters are known in the prior art.
• the dimer acids from which the monoesters of this invention are prepared are wellknown in the prior art. More specifically, it is well known that unsaturated fatty acids having from about "l 6 to about 22 carbon atoms may be polymerized to yield'dimeric forms of the monomeric acids.
• the resulting dimers are dibasic carboxylic acids containing from about 32 to about 44 carbon atoms.
• oleicacid, recinoleic acid, linoleic acid, lineolaidic acid and eleostearic acid can be polymerized to form dimer acids which are dibasic carboxylic acids.
• An especially preferred dibasic dimer acid for use in forming the esters of this invention contains about 36 carbon atoms and is formed by the polymerization of two ethylenic monobasic acids containing about 18 carbon atoms, as for example oleic acid.
• Empol 1010 is a dibasic acid having about 36 carbon atoms produced by the polymerization at midmolecule of two unsaturated mono-basic fatty acids containing about l8 carbon atoms. Typical specifications for the commercial product are as follows:
• the monoesters useful in this invention are the methyl, ethyl and propyl esters of dimers of ethylenic monocarboxylic acids having from about 16 to about 22 carbon atoms.
• Such monoesters are most conveniently formed by heating the above mentioned dibasic dimer acids to a temperature of from about 180 C to about 260 C, and adding the appropriate alcohol, viz., methanol, ethanol or propanol, continuously, slowly and sub-surface to the hot dimer acid until the dimer acid has been reacted to one-half its theoretical acid value.
• the resulting esterifiedproduct is a mixture comprising primarily monoester dimerate, and some diester dimerate and unreacted dimer acid.
• the methyl ester is the preferred monoester in the process of this invention.
• the monoester dimerate should comprise at least 25 percent by weight of the mixture of dimers and preferably at least 50 percent by weight of the mixture to be optimumly effective.
• Suitable mineral oil carriers for the monoester dimerates are light mineral oils having a viscosity of from about 100 to about 1,000 Saybolt seconds Universal at 100 F.
• the monoester lubricant should comprise from about 5 to 20 percent by weight, preferably from about to percent by weight of the mineral oil carrier.
• Other suitable carriers as for example, soy bean oil, can be employed.
• the lubricant compositions of this invention can be applied to the metal to be worked prior to the metal working operation in any suitable manner which insures thorough contact of the surface of the metal.
• the lubricant can be brushed or sprayed on the metal, or the metal can be immersed in a bath of the lubricant.
• the lubricant is preferably sprayed on the metal to be worked, or the metal is immersed in a bath of the lubricant.
• dibasic dimer acid lubricants are especially prone to form metallic soap sludges because of continued exposure to these metals.
• the monoester dimerates of this invention are especially preferred when these methods of lubricant application are employed.
• the monoester dimerate lubricant isfirst applied to the metal to be worked, and then the metal is subjected to one or more metal working operations, as for example, the metal working operations hereinbefore discussed.
• metal working operations as for example, the metal working operations hereinbefore discussed.
• the metal working process of this invention is especially advantageous for working aluminum in that staining of aluminum due to lubricants used in metal working operations is a severe problem. It has been found that this problem is substantially eliminated by employing the lubricant compositions of this invention in metal working operations involving aluminum.
• alloys included within the scope of this invention are alloys of aluminum, copper, and titanium with copper, manganese, zinc, magnesium, and silicon, for example brass, bronze, and duraluminum.
• a lubricant composition comprising per cent by weight of a light petroleum oil having a viscosity of Saybolt seconds Universal at 100 F and 10 percent by weight of the methyl monoester of a dimer of oleic acid. This composition is continuously sprayed on to aluminum blanks having a thickness of 0.064 inches. The excess non-adherent lubricant is collected and recirculated for subsequent applications.
• the lubricated aluminum blanks are placed on a 100 ton drawing and forming press and in four draws are formed in to small deeply drawed cylindrical cups 20 inches high with a diameter of 10 inches.
• the resulting cup which is formed is corrosion resistant, and there is no staining due to the lubricant employed in the process.
• the 'recirulated lubricant composition shows no sludge formation.
• a lubricant composition comprising a mixture of methyl monoester of a dimer'acid and diester dimerate and unreacted dimer acid is formed in the following manner:
• the dimer of oleic acid is heated to 210 C and methanol is added to the heated dimer acid slowly, continuously and subsurface until the dimer acid has been reacted to one-half its theoretical acid value.
• the resulting composition is a mixture comprised of the methyl monoester of the dimer acid, the dimethyl ester of the EXAMPLE lIl
• the lubricant composition of Example II is employed in stamping copper blanks to form trays substantially the same results are obtained in that there is no staining due to the lubricant, and the copper is rendered corrosion resistant.
• a lubricant composition suitable for use in processing aluminum, copper and titanium metals and alloys comprising a. from about to percent by weight of a mineral oil carrier fluid having an SSU viscosity of about to 1,000 at 100 F and b. from about 5 to 20 percent by weight, based on the mineral oil of the monoester reaction product of about 1 mole of dimer acid containing from about 32 to 44 carbon atoms and about 1 mole of a lower alkyl alcohol selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol and propanol.
• composition of claim 1 wherein the dimer acid contains about 36 carbon atoms.
• a composition as in claim 2 wherein the monoester reaction product comprises from about 10 to 15 percent by weight of the mineral oil.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=25266462

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (2)

Citations (4)

• 1969
  • 1969-06-16 US US00834240A patent/US3755174A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1970
  • 1970-06-11 CA CA085,284A patent/CA943526A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-06-15 GB GB2888070A patent/GB1302073A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-06-16 FR FR7022156A patent/FR2046810B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1970-06-16 NL NL7008832A patent/NL7008832A/xx unknown
  • 1970-06-16 DE DE19702029765 patent/DE2029765A1/de active Pending
  • 1970-06-16 BE BE752073D patent/BE752073A/fr unknown

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events