US3753365A - Swaging machine for the internal profiling of tubular workpieces - Google Patents

Swaging machine for the internal profiling of tubular workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3753365A
US3753365A US00246137A US3753365DA US3753365A US 3753365 A US3753365 A US 3753365A US 00246137 A US00246137 A US 00246137A US 3753365D A US3753365D A US 3753365DA US 3753365 A US3753365 A US 3753365A
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United States
Prior art keywords
workpiece
cushion
mandrel
gripping head
valve
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00246137A
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English (en)
Inventor
B Kralowetz
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US3753365A publication Critical patent/US3753365A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/152—Making rifle and gunbarrels
    • B21C37/153—Making tubes with inner- and/or outer guides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
    • B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
    • B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact

Definitions

  • Mandrel means formed with a shoulder are adapted to enter said workpiece so that the latter surrounds said shoulder.
  • a plurality of dies are spaced around said mandrel means and adapted to swage said workpiece onto said mandrel means.
  • a gripping head surrounds said mandrel means and is adapted to axially support said workpiece at one end thereof and operable to rotate said workpiece about its axis and to advance it toward said dies at the same time.
  • a holder-up is adapted to axially support said workpiece at the opposite end thereof and movable in the axial direction of said workpiece.
  • Means are provided to apply a hydraulic backpressure to said holder-up so that the same yieldably resists the movement of said workpiece as the same is advanced by said gripping head.
  • the gripping head comprises means defining a chamber adapted to contain a cushion of liquid under pressure, which cushion is adapted to axially support said workpiece, and a piston interposed between said cushion and said workpiece and surrounding said mandrel means.
  • the machine also comprises valve means operable to reduce the pressure of said cushion when said shoulder enters between said dies.
  • This invention relates to a swaging machine for the inside profiling of tubular workpieces, particularly of barrels of firearms, by die impacts over an offset mandrel, in which machine the workpiece is gripped be tween a gripping head, which feeds the workpiece to the dies and rotates it at the same time, and a holderup, which is subjected to a constant backpressure by a liquid and against said backpressure is 'forced back as the workpiece advances, and the mandrel is secured to a rod, which extends through the gripping head.
  • a swaging machine has been developed in which the workpiece is also firmly axially supported by the gripping head but the hydraulic backpressure applied to the holder-up in dependence on the desired internal shape of the workpiece portion disposed between the dies at any time can be automatically varied by means of at least one valve or the like, which is incorporated in the return conduit for the displaced liquid under pressure.
  • the presstressing force applied to that portion of the work piece which is adjacent to the holder-up is not constant but increases when an internal shoulder or the like is being swaged so that the workpiece cannot be stretched toward the holder-up and material cannot flow from the previously swaged shoulder formed under the action of the mandrel at the beginning of the chamber.
  • Practice has shown, however, that the forces which arise are often too large or the holder-up cannot apply the large backpressure forces required to prevent a stretching of the workpiece so that a satisfactory forging cannot be produced.
  • this object is essentially accomplished in that the workpiece is axially supported in the gripping head by a cushion of liquid under pressure through the intermediary of a piston, through which the mandrel extends, and the pressure applied to said cushion is adapted to be reduced by a valve or the like, which is preferably adapted to be additionally connected to the circuit, when the step of the mandrel enters the swagingzone between the dies.
  • a cushion of liquid under pressure through the intermediary of a piston, through which the mandrel extends, and the pressure applied to said cushion is adapted to be reduced by a valve or the like, which is preferably adapted to be additionally connected to the circuit, when the step of the mandrel enters the swagingzone between the dies.
  • the cylinder chamber which contains the cushion of liquid under pressure is fed by a pump through a conduit which is provided with a check valve and a pressure-regulating valve, Le, a valve which acts to maintain a constant pressure, and a second pressure-regulating valve which is responsive to a much lower pressure is adapted to be connected to the circuit by means of a solenoid valve, which is operable by a limit switch or the like. While the barrel is being swaged, the pressure of the cushion of liquid under pressure is controlled by the first pressureregulating valve.
  • a suitably offset stop, cam or the like acts on the limit switch, which then operates the solenoid valve to connect the second pressure-regulating valve to the circuit so that the latter valve now controls the pressure of the cushion of liquid under pressure.
  • This pressure of the cushion is thus reduced and the piston which axially supports the workpiece can be pushed back opposite to the feeding direction under the action of the flow of the material.
  • a comparatively simple hydraulic device is thus provided, which enables an automatic connection of the second valve into the circuit, provided that the stop, cam or the like for the limit switch is positioned as may be required.
  • the piston for axially supporting the workpiece is non-rotatably and axially slidably mounted in a sleeve, which defines the cylinder chamber for the cushion of liquid under pressure and which is rotatably and axially undisplaceably mounted in the gripping head.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view, partly in section, showing an entire machine
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 are similar views showing the essential parts of the machine in three different operating position's.
  • Swaging dies 1 together with means, not shown, for driving them and means for varying the stroke position of the dies are mounted in a swaging box 2, which is preceded by a bed 3 for a displaceable gripping head 4.
  • Rods 5 extend through the swaging box 2 and engage the gripping head 4.
  • the rods 5 are connected to pistons 6, which are slidable in cylinders 7 secured to the swaging box 2.
  • liquid under pressure delivered by a pump 9 is supplied to the pistons 6 so that the gripping head 4 is advanced toward the dies 1.
  • a sleeve 10 is rotatably and axially nondisplaceably mounted in the gripping head 4 and is driven by a motor 11.
  • a piston 12 which serves to directly axially support a workpiece 13 is nonrotatably and axially slidably mounted in the sleeve.
  • a cushion 14 of liquid under pressure is contained in that cylinder chamber which is remote from the workpiece 13.
  • the cushion is supplied by a pump 15, which is connected by a conduit 16 to the respective cylinder chamber.
  • the conduit 16 extends from the pump 15 through a check valve 17 and is provided with a pressure-regulating valve 18.
  • a solenoid valve 19 is operable by a limit switch, not shown, to connect a second pressureregulating valve 20 to the circuit. This second valve is set to a much lower pressure than the pressureregulating valve 18.
  • a yoke 21 is disposed between the two cylinders 7 and has another cylinder 22 secured to it.
  • a rotatable holder-up 24 is axially supported by a piston 23 mounted in the cylinder 22. Pressure is applied to one end of the piston 23 by a pump 25.
  • a pressureregulating valve 26 controls the backpressure of the liquid, which is displaced from the cylinder 22 during the movement of the holder-up.
  • the workpiece 13 consists, e.g., of a barrel of a firearm and is axially gripped between the piston 12 of the gripping head 4 and the holder-up 24. As the workpiece is advanced by the pistons 6, the holder-up 24 and piston 23 are forced back and the liquid under pressure is forced back through the valve 26 into the oil reservoir (FIGS.
  • a rod 27 extends through the gripping head and the gripping head sleeve as well as the piston 12.
  • a mandrel 28 is secured to the rod 27 and adapted to be retracted by an actuator 29. While the barrel and its grooves are being swaged, a portion 28' of the mandrel 28 is disposed between the dies 1 (FIG. 1). At the end of the barrel, the right-hand end of the mandrel engages an internal shoulder of the gripping head sleeve 10 so that the mandrel 28 together with the gripping head 4 is carried along toward the dies against the action of the hydraulic pressure in the actuator 29 (FIG. 2).
  • the solenoid valve 19 is operated to connect the pressure-regulating valve 20 to the circuit so that the pressure of the cushion 14 of liquid under pressure is reduced and the material of the workpiece can flow toward the gripping head 4 and can force back the piston 12 (FlGS. 3 and 4).
  • the actuator 22, 23 for the holder-up returns the entire apparatus back to its initial position and the finished workpiece is removed.
  • a swaging machine for the internal profiling of a tubular workpiece which comprises mandrel means formed with a shoulder and adapted to enter said workpiece so that the latter surrounds said shoulder,
  • a gripping head surrounding said mandrel means and adapted to axially support said workpiece at one end thereof and operable to rotate said workpiece about its axis and to advance it toward said dies at the same time
  • a holder-up adapted to axially support said workpiece at the-opposite end thereof and movable in the axial direction of said workpiece, and means for applying a hydraulic backpressure to said holder-up so that the same yieldably resists the movement of said workpiece as the same is advanced by said gripping head,
  • said gripping head comprising means defining a chamber adapted to contain a cushion of liquid under pressure, which cushion is adapted to axially support said workpiece, and a piston interposed between said cushion and said workpiece and surrounding said mandrel;
  • said machine also comprising valve means operable to reduce the pressure of said cushion when said shoulder enters between said dies.
  • valve means being adapted to be connected to said hydraulic circuit.
  • said gripping head comprises a gripping head body which is movable toward said dies
  • said means defining said chamber comprise a sleeve
  • said piston is nonrotatably and axially slidably mounted in said chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
US00246137A 1971-05-06 1972-04-21 Swaging machine for the internal profiling of tubular workpieces Expired - Lifetime US3753365A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT394071A AT305734B (de) 1971-05-06 1971-05-06 Schmiedemaschine zum Innenprofilieren rohrförmiger Werkstücke

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3753365A true US3753365A (en) 1973-08-21

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ID=3557484

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00246137A Expired - Lifetime US3753365A (en) 1971-05-06 1972-04-21 Swaging machine for the internal profiling of tubular workpieces

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3753365A (de)
JP (1) JPS5146510B1 (de)
AT (1) AT305734B (de)
DD (1) DD96866A5 (de)
DE (1) DE2218667C3 (de)
FR (1) FR2135189B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1349238A (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3893321A (en) * 1973-12-04 1975-07-08 Gfm Fertigungstechnik Swaging machine
US4321813A (en) * 1980-01-07 1982-03-30 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Pusher block for rotary forging machines and method of using same
WO1982003579A1 (en) * 1980-01-07 1982-10-28 Bruce N Hershock Pusher block for rotary forging machines and method of using same
US4359810A (en) * 1980-01-16 1982-11-23 The Marlin Firearms Company Method of forming cartridge chambers in firearm barrels
US4622080A (en) * 1983-01-05 1986-11-11 American Metal-Tech, Ltd. Gun barrel, mandrel and related processes
US4722216A (en) * 1982-02-08 1988-02-02 Grotnes Metalforming Systems, Inc. Radial forging method
DE3742516A1 (de) * 1986-12-15 1988-06-23 Hitachi Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines schraegverzahnten innenzahnrades
US4872250A (en) * 1986-09-18 1989-10-10 Ernst Grob Ag Method for fabricating a dished hollow body possessing a linear or helical inner toothing
US20070186604A1 (en) * 2003-12-30 2007-08-16 Robert Koppensteiner Method and apparatus for producing a cylindriacal hollow body from a blank
US20100199740A1 (en) * 2009-02-11 2010-08-12 Uwe Muschalik Method of and apparatus for making pipe from a tubular workpiece
US20150082846A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 GFM - GmbH Apparatus for forging a hollow body from a pre-perforated hollow block
CN104475479A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2015-04-01 北京科技大学 一种利用旋锻技术制备小口径厚壁金属管的工艺
US20190015885A1 (en) * 2016-03-17 2019-01-17 Repkon Machine and Tool Industry and Trade Inc. Method for producing gun barrels and apparatus for performing such method

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT346156B (de) * 1977-04-01 1978-10-25 Gfm Fertigungstechnik Schmiedemaschine zum schmieden grosser rohre ueber einen langen dorn
DE3515759C2 (de) * 1985-05-02 1994-10-06 Mueller Heinrich Masch Präzisionsschmiede zum Innenprofilieren von rohrförmigen Werkstücken
DE3517719C2 (de) * 1985-05-17 1994-09-15 Mueller Heinrich Masch Werkstückhalterung für eine Vorschubeinrichtung bei Umformmaschinen
DE20122516U1 (de) * 2001-04-11 2005-12-29 Gkn Driveline International Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Abstrecken von zylindrischen Hohlkörpern (Rohrziehen)
US6807837B1 (en) * 2003-03-26 2004-10-26 Randall L. Alexoff Method and apparatus for producing variable wall thickness tubes and hollow shafts
DE102010014583A1 (de) 2010-04-09 2011-10-13 Felss Gmbh Einrichtung einer Rundknetmaschine mit einer Werkstück-Halterung und einer Dornstangen-Halterung

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1617890A (en) * 1922-03-10 1927-02-15 Etna Machine Company Swaging machine
US3120137A (en) * 1961-01-03 1964-02-04 Ingersoll Rand Canada Apparatus for forming varying shaped bores in hollow members
US3177688A (en) * 1961-06-06 1965-04-13 Kralowetz Bruno Forging machine for the internal profiling of tubular workpieces, particularly of barrels for firearms

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1617890A (en) * 1922-03-10 1927-02-15 Etna Machine Company Swaging machine
US3120137A (en) * 1961-01-03 1964-02-04 Ingersoll Rand Canada Apparatus for forming varying shaped bores in hollow members
US3177688A (en) * 1961-06-06 1965-04-13 Kralowetz Bruno Forging machine for the internal profiling of tubular workpieces, particularly of barrels for firearms

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3893321A (en) * 1973-12-04 1975-07-08 Gfm Fertigungstechnik Swaging machine
US4321813A (en) * 1980-01-07 1982-03-30 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Pusher block for rotary forging machines and method of using same
WO1982003579A1 (en) * 1980-01-07 1982-10-28 Bruce N Hershock Pusher block for rotary forging machines and method of using same
US4359810A (en) * 1980-01-16 1982-11-23 The Marlin Firearms Company Method of forming cartridge chambers in firearm barrels
US4722216A (en) * 1982-02-08 1988-02-02 Grotnes Metalforming Systems, Inc. Radial forging method
US4622080A (en) * 1983-01-05 1986-11-11 American Metal-Tech, Ltd. Gun barrel, mandrel and related processes
US4872250A (en) * 1986-09-18 1989-10-10 Ernst Grob Ag Method for fabricating a dished hollow body possessing a linear or helical inner toothing
US4884427A (en) * 1986-12-15 1989-12-05 Hitachi, Ltd. Method of producing helical internal gear
DE3742516A1 (de) * 1986-12-15 1988-06-23 Hitachi Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen eines schraegverzahnten innenzahnrades
DE3742516C2 (de) * 1986-12-15 1994-09-22 Hitachi Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schrägverzahnten Innenzahnrades und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
US20070186604A1 (en) * 2003-12-30 2007-08-16 Robert Koppensteiner Method and apparatus for producing a cylindriacal hollow body from a blank
US7434434B2 (en) * 2003-12-30 2008-10-14 Gfm Beteiligungs- Und Management Gmbh & Co Kg Method and apparatus for producing a cylindrical hollow body from a blank
US20100199740A1 (en) * 2009-02-11 2010-08-12 Uwe Muschalik Method of and apparatus for making pipe from a tubular workpiece
US8459085B2 (en) * 2009-02-11 2013-06-11 Sms Meer Gmbh Method of and apparatus for making pipe from a tubular workpiece
US20150082846A1 (en) * 2013-09-25 2015-03-26 GFM - GmbH Apparatus for forging a hollow body from a pre-perforated hollow block
US9862012B2 (en) * 2013-09-25 2018-01-09 GFM—GmbH Apparatus for forging a hollow body from a pre-perforated hollow block
CN104475479A (zh) * 2014-09-25 2015-04-01 北京科技大学 一种利用旋锻技术制备小口径厚壁金属管的工艺
US20190015885A1 (en) * 2016-03-17 2019-01-17 Repkon Machine and Tool Industry and Trade Inc. Method for producing gun barrels and apparatus for performing such method
US10857580B2 (en) * 2016-03-17 2020-12-08 Repkon Machine and Tool Industry and Trade Inc. Method for producing gun barrels and apparatus for performing such method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2218667A1 (de) 1973-04-05
AT305734B (de) 1973-03-12
GB1349238A (en) 1974-04-03
FR2135189B1 (de) 1974-07-26
FR2135189A1 (de) 1972-12-15
DE2218667C3 (de) 1975-08-07
DD96866A5 (de) 1973-04-12
DE2218667B2 (de) 1974-12-19
JPS5146510B1 (de) 1976-12-09

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