US3747127A - Voice prosthesis - Google Patents

Voice prosthesis Download PDF

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Publication number
US3747127A
US3747127A US00194179A US3747127DA US3747127A US 3747127 A US3747127 A US 3747127A US 00194179 A US00194179 A US 00194179A US 3747127D A US3747127D A US 3747127DA US 3747127 A US3747127 A US 3747127A
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Prior art keywords
valve
port
prosthesis
valve body
set forth
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US00194179A
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English (en)
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S Taub
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New York Medical College
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New York Medical College
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0465—Tracheostomy tubes; Devices for performing a tracheostomy; Accessories therefor, e.g. masks, filters
    • A61M16/0468—Tracheostomy tubes; Devices for performing a tracheostomy; Accessories therefor, e.g. masks, filters with valves at the proximal end limiting exhalation, e.g. during speaking or coughing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/20—Larynxes; Tracheae combined with larynxes or for use therewith
    • A61F2/203—Larynxes; Tracheae combined with larynxes or for use therewith comprising an air passage from trachea to oesophagus or to pharynx; Artificial epiglottis

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A voice prosthesis for vocal rehabilitation of laryngectomees and which includes an air bypass valve assembly having a valve body with a port communicating with the atmosphere for inhalation and exhalation of air.
  • a tube is connected to the valve body and has an end adapted to be inserted in a tracheostomy opening in the human neck.
  • a second tube is connected to the valve body with its end adapted to be inserted in a cervical esophageal fistula. The second tube has a check valve for preventing reflux of secretions from the esophagus into the valve body.
  • the valve body includes a valve member which assumes a first position providing communication between the port and the opening during breathing at normal or stomal levels so that inhalation and exhalation normally are accomplished through this port.
  • the valve member is movable in response to the increased breathing levels necessary for phonation into a second position in which the port is closed to the atmosphere so that air exhaled from the lungs at phonation levels is transmitted from the tra- V cheostomy opening via these tubes and the esophageal fistula to flow over the esophageal mucosa in the area of the cricopharyngeus and provide a sound source that is articulated for speech.
  • a voice prosthesis which permits the laryngectomee to attain a more natural manner of speech and allows speech with inflection and excellent volume; the provision of such a voice prosthesis which permits the laryngectomee free use of his hands and requires no external power supply but utilizes only the laryngectomee's own respiratory system; the provision of a voice prosthesis which does not have to be removed during eating and in which the reflux of food and secretions into the unit and into the trachea are prevented; the provision of such a voice prosthesis which is easily concealed below the clothing such as a shirt collar and is thus not visible to others; the provision of a voice prosthesis which is relatively simple in construction and is reliable in operation; and the provision of a method of vocal rehabilitation of laryngectomees which requires only relatively simple surgical techniques and procedures and which requires little or no training to use effectively and which produces substantially natural speech effortlessly.
  • the voice prosthesis of this invention includes an air bypass valve assembly having a valve body with a port communicating with the atmosphere for inhalation and exhalation of air.
  • a first tube is connected to the valve body, having its end adapted to be inserted in a tracheostoma of a laryngectomee.
  • a second tube is connected to the valve body with its end adapted to be inserted in a cervical esophageal fistula.
  • the valve body has a valve member which assumes a first position in which there is communication between the port and the tracheostoma or tracheostomy opening during breathing at normal or stomal levels so that inhalation and exhalation at these levels are accomplished via this port.
  • the valve member is movable in response to increased breathing levels necessary for phonation into a second position in which the port is closed to the atmosphere whereby air exhaled from the lungs at phonation levels is transmitted from the tracheostomy opening via the first tube and the second tube through the esopha' geal fistula to flow over the esophageal mucosa in the area of the cricopharyngeus to provide a sound source that is articulated for speech.
  • a cervical esophageal fistula is formed and the laryngectomee is then fitted with an external tracheoesophageal bypass between the tracheostoma and the fistula.
  • a valved port is interposed in this bypass to provide communication between the tracheostoma and the atmosphere so as to permit the laryngectomee to inhale and exhale at stomal levels via the port and to block the port during exhalation at phonation levels.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation of a voice prosthesis of this invention as worn by a laryngectomee
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the voice prosthesis of FIG. 1 with portions shown in cross section to illustrate details of certain internal structure and parts;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section on line 3-3 of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 is a cross section of an alternate check valve for the esophageal fistula entry portion of this voice prosthesis.
  • FIG. 5 is an elevation of a voice prosthesis valve body of an alternate embodiment of this invention, illustrat ing in cross section the internal details of a breathpowered sound generator.
  • a voice prosthesis for vocal rehabilitation of laryngectomees is illustrated generally at reference numeral 1.
  • This prosthesis shown worn by the laryngectomee so as to rest in the general area of the natural hollow at the front of the throat, includes an air bypass valve V having a generally cylindrical valve body 3 with a tubular boss 5 extending downwardly (as shown in FIGS. 1-3 and 5) and receiving a tubular control member 7.
  • This valve body and its component parts are preferably fabricated from synthetic resin materials such as polycarbonate to provide a clear, lightweight, tough and strong structure.
  • Control member 7 has a tubular stem 9 having a beveled inner end 11, which constitutes a valve seat, and an enlarged outer end or knob 13. Stem 9 is rotatable in the boss 5 and a seal is provided therebetween by an O-ring 15.
  • This rotatable tubular control means has a central bore 17 which serves as a port or first passage to provide communication between the atmosphere and the interior of valve V.
  • a flexible resilient flappertype valve member 19 is secured at its lower edge as indicated at 21 to an internal ledge 22 within valve body 3.
  • This flapper valve 19 is generally circular and preferably formed from thin (e.g., about 0.03 inch) silicone rubber sheet and is biased by its own resilience to the solid-line position shown in FIG. 2 so as to overhang valve seat 11 but be spaced therefrom.
  • a generally D-shaped stop 23 positioned on the side or surface of the valve member 19 opposite that facing seat 11.
  • Valve V is interposed in an external tracheoesophageal bypass including a first rubber or plastic tube 25 connected to a nipple 26 providing a second passage in communication with valve seat 11 projecting from valve body 3 and having its end connected to a nipple 27 secured to extend angularly from an end flange 28 of a conventional tracheotomy or laryngectomy tube 29 (which is inserted in the tracheostomy opening or tracheostoma customarily surgically formed in the laryngectomees neck), and a second rubber or plastic tube 30.
  • Tube 30 is connected to another valve body nipple 31 providing a thirdpassage in the valve body in communication with the second passage (nipple 26) and has its other end connected to an external fistula check valve F which in turn has a tubular outlet nipple 33 inserted into the belled outer end of a rubber or plastic tube 34 extending through a cervical esophageal fistula.
  • the tubes 25 and 30 are preferably of the reinforced type having a wire helix encased in the tubing to provide some stiffness and resistance to sharp bending and collapse.
  • the cervical esophageal fistula is formed by the surgeon in the laryngectomees neck by making a longitudinal incision paralleling the anterior border of the sternomastoid muscle and carried deeply between the sternal and clavicular heads anterior to the carotid sheath into the retroesophageal space.
  • An opening is made into the lateral wall of the esophagus at a level approximating C4-C5 (4th and 5th cervical vertebrae) large enough to admit the tip of the little finger. This opening is made as low as feasible so that a rotated skin flap raised from the lateral side of the original incision may be rotated to lie in a retrograde direction.
  • plastic surgical techniques a skin-lined esophageal fistula is thereby formed which slants downwardly into the esophagus.
  • the tracheostomy tube is typically provided with a plate 35 with slots 36 to which end clips of a collar (not shown) may be attached to secure and support the prosthesis.
  • valve member 19 With the voice prosthesis worn as shown in FIG. 1, valve member 19 will maintain substantially its first or solid-line position as the laryngectomee breathes at normal or stomal levels (typically at pressures of 7-10 cm. of water). Thus inhalation and exhalation at this level take place via the port or passage 17.
  • the laryngectomee wishes to speak, he increases his breathing level to that normally necessary for phonation (typically pressures of 15-20 cm.
  • valve member 19 causes it to move to its second or dashed-line position closing the passage 17 and thereby causing the air exhaled from the lungs at phonation levels to be transmitted through tube 30 and to be delivered through the esophageal fistula to flow over the mucosa in the area of the cricopharyngeus and provide a sound source that is articulated by the tongue, teeth, palate and lips for speech.
  • This flow of air into the upper end of the esophageus and pharynx causes the walls of the cricopharyngeus and the hypopharynx to vibrate to produce a tone of varying pitch which can be articulated as noted above.
  • valve member 19 in its first position is clear of the seat (FIG. 1) to such an extent as to provide a passage between the seat and valve member in communication with port 17 of a cross sectional area not substantially less than that of the port, inhalation and exhalation at stomal levels are substantially unrestricted and unobstructed.
  • the laryngectomee can breathe freely at normal levels via the port 17 and only at phonation levels, and automatically, is exhalation directed through tube 30 to flow air from the trachea via the tracheostomy opening into the hypopharnyx. Stop 23 prevents excessive movement of valve member 19 away from the valve seat.
  • This prosthesis may be adjusted to the different breathing levels of different individuals by rotating knob 13 and thereby varying the attitude of the seat 11 relative to the surface of valve member 19. As the plane of the beveled end seat is rotated, this varies the air pressure to which the valve member 19 responds for movement into its second position to close port 17. This may be easily adjusted by the laryngectomee so that when he exercises or engages in some strenuous activity he may turn the knob to an open position to permit greater exchange of air and then readjust it again during more normal activities.
  • Fistula valve F includes a two-piece valve body of, for example, clear plastic material with an inlet housing 37 having a nipple 39 to which the exit end of tube 30 is attached and an internally threaded boss 41 into which a second outlet housing portion 43 is threaded.
  • a centrally grooved seat 45 is provided at the base of the threaded boss section 41.
  • a spider ring 47 is held snugly against this seat and sealed relative thereto by means of an O-ring 49 when the two housing portions 37 and 43 are fully threaded together.
  • a flutter valve diaphragm 51 of silicone rubber or the like (e.g., 0.02 inch thick) and having an integral central stem 53 is secured to the downstream side ofring 47.
  • Stem 53 has an enlarged head portion 57 which is pushed through a central hub 55 and expands to retain the centermounted valve diaphragm 51 within the valve body.
  • This diaphragm has sufficient body or stiffness to normally assume a closed or solid-line position as shown in FIG. 2 and thus prevent reflux of food particles or secretions into tube 30 and valve V.
  • the pressure of the exhaled air transmitted as shown by the dashed-line arrows through tube 30 and valve F will cause flutter valve 51 to assume its dashed-line open position, thus permitting the exhaled air to pass virtually unimpeded into the fistula valve housing section 43 and out nipple 33 thereof and through the esophageal fistula tube 341.
  • valve FA is a check valve mounted on the distal end of a tubular extension 59 of rubber or plastic which extends through the fistula to project into the esophagus.
  • a resilient flexible valve diaphragm 61 is secured to the top edge of the beveled end of extension 59 which constitutes the valve seat.
  • the diaphragm 61 of natural rubber or silicone rubber or the like, has sufficient body to remain in its closed or solidline position except during exhalation at phonation lev els, whereupon it opens to its dashed-line position.
  • FIG. 5 includes a breath-powered reed component to provide a sound source or generator G to modulate the air transmitted into the hypopharynx.
  • This vibratory reed generator rs located in the upper (as viewed in the drawings) portion of the valve body of the air bypass valve and is in communication with tube 30.
  • the modified valve VA has a valve body 3A with an upper portion constituting a sound generator casing 63 formed integrally therewith and having an entrance chamber 65, a flat reed 67 secured at its upper end to an abutment 69 of casing 63, and a sound chamber 71.
  • the frequency of this sound generator may be adjusted by means of a screw 73.
  • This sound generator component of this alternate voice prosthesis may, for example, be constructed as described in U.Sl Pat. No. 1,836,816.
  • Valve body 3A also includes a pair of tubular extensions 75 and 77 which serve as traps to receive any moisture or fluid that may be collected or form in tubes 25 and 30, respectively, and a pair of caps 79 and 811 which may be removed occasionally for draining and cleaning the valve body.
  • this embodiment functions in a fashion quite similar to that of the embodiments of FIGS. ll-4l except that the air supplied or transmitted through the esophageal fistula tube is sound modulated, typically at a low (e.g., about 120-180 cps.) frequency, and flows into the esophagus and provides a sound source that is articulated for speech.
  • a low e.g., about 120-180 cps.
  • a voice prosthesis for vocal rehabilitation of laryngectomees comprising an air bypass valve assembly including a valve body having a port communicating with the atmosphere for inhalation and exhalation of air, a first tube connected to said body with its end adapted to be inserted in a tracheostomy opening in a human neck, a second tube connected to said body with its end adapted to be inserted in a cervical esophageal fistula, said valve body having a valve member which assumes a first position in which there is communication between said port and said tracheostomy opening during breathing at stomal levels whereby inhalation and exhalation are accomplished via said port and which is movable in response to increased breathing levels necessary for phonation into a second position in which the port is closed to the atmosphere whereby air exhaled from the lungs at phonation levels is transmitted from the tracheostomy opening via said tubes and the esophageal fistula to flow over the esophageal mucos
  • check valve is mounted on the distal end of a tubular extension in communication with said second tube adapted to project internally through said fistula, said check valve comprising a valve flapper biased to close off the distal end of said tubular extension except during phonation.
  • a prosthesis as set forth in claim 1 which further includes means for adjustment thereof to vary the air pressure to which the valve member responds for movement into its second position to close said port whereby the prosthesis conveniently may be adjusted to accommodate the different breathing levels of different individuals.
  • said adjustment means includes a tubular control member having an inner end constituting a valve seat for said valve member, and means for varying the attitude of the seat relative to said valve member.
  • valve member is a flapper valve and the inner end of the tubular control member is beveled, said control member being rotatable in the valve body whereby the plane of the beveled end may be varied relative to an opposing face of the flapper valve.
  • valve body includes stop means positioned on the side of the valve member opposite that facing said seat and adapted to prevent said valve member from excessive movement away from the valve seat.
  • a prosthesis as set forth in claim 5 which further includes external means for manually adjusting said tubular control member, said external means comprising a knob on the outside of said valve body.
  • a prosthesis as set forth in claim 1 which further includes a breath-powered sound generator positioned in communication with the second tube and adapted to generate sound waves for transmission through the fistula in response to the passage of air from the tracheostomy opening during periods when the port is closed by the valve member.
  • a valve assembly including a valve body having a passageway adapted to be placed in communication with both the laryngectomees trachea and the laryngectomees hypopharynx, said valve body having a port of a predetermined cross sectional area providing communication with the atmosphere and said passageway for inhalation and exhalation of air, said valve body including a valve seat and a valve member which assumes a first position in which there is communication between said port and said passageway during breathing at stoma] levels whereby inhalation and exhalation are accomplished via said port and which valve member is movable in response to increased breathing levels necessary for phonation into a second position in which the port is closed to the atmosphere whereby air exhaled from the lungs at phonation levels flows into the hypopharynx to provide a sound source that is articulated for speech, the operation of the valve assembly being substantially insensitive to the effects of gravity, said valve member
  • said adjustment means including a tubular control member having an inner end constituting a valve seat for said valve member, and means for varying the attitude of said seat relative to said valve member.
  • said tubular control means having a central bore which constitutes said port, said valve member being a flapper valve and the inner end of the tubular control member being beveled, said flapper valve being biased by its own inherent resilience to said first position, said control member being rotatable in the valve body wherein the plane of the beveled end may be varied relative to an opposing face of the flapper valve.
  • a check valve connected to said valve body for preventing reflux or secretions into said valve assembly.
  • said check valve including a valve flapper substantially insensitive to the effects of gravity and biased to block communication between the hypopharynx and said valve body except during phonation.
  • a breath-powered sound generator connected to said valve body adapted to generate sound waves for transmission into the hypopharynx in response to the passage of air from the lungs during periods when the port is closed by the valve member.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
US00194179A 1971-11-01 1971-11-01 Voice prosthesis Expired - Lifetime US3747127A (en)

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US19417971A 1971-11-01 1971-11-01

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US00194179A Expired - Lifetime US3747127A (en) 1971-11-01 1971-11-01 Voice prosthesis

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US (1) US3747127A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4862293A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA950152A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2253496A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1414523A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3906956A (en) * 1974-07-03 1975-09-23 Max I Gilbert Cricothyrostomy instrument
US3952335A (en) * 1974-09-25 1976-04-27 The Aro Corporation Laryngeal prosthesis
US4040428A (en) * 1976-08-30 1977-08-09 The Aro Corporation Control valves for tracheotomy patient or laryngeal prosthesis
US4044402A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-08-30 National Research Development Corporation Laryngeal prosthesis
US4060856A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-12-06 National Research Development Corporation Surgical use of a laryngeal prosthesis
US4223411A (en) * 1978-08-07 1980-09-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Internal laryngeal prosthesis
US4274162A (en) * 1979-05-23 1981-06-23 Michael Joy Artificial replacement for a larynx
EP0093567A1 (en) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-09 Hansa Medical Products Inc. Voice prosthesis device
US4494252A (en) * 1983-08-22 1985-01-22 Bear Medical Systems, Inc. Laryngeal prosthesis
US4502151A (en) * 1983-11-01 1985-02-26 Xomed, Inc. Replaceable saliva barrier for intra-oral larynx
US4808183A (en) * 1980-06-03 1989-02-28 University Of Iowa Research Foundation Voice button prosthesis and method for installing same
US4911716A (en) * 1982-04-30 1990-03-27 Hansa Medical Products, Inc. Surgical implant for a voice prosthesis
US5059208A (en) * 1991-02-04 1991-10-22 Helix Medical, Inc. Adjustable tracheostoma valve
US20040024455A1 (en) * 1998-04-17 2004-02-05 De Vries Marinus Pieter Voice-producing prosthesis
US7025784B1 (en) 1981-10-29 2006-04-11 Hansa Medical Products, Inc. Method and apparatus for a tracheal valve
EP2236165A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-06 Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Tracheostoma valve
RU2446774C1 (ru) * 2010-10-07 2012-04-10 Леонид Григорьевич Кожанов Голосовой протез
CN101991475B (zh) * 2009-08-31 2013-02-06 北京航空航天大学 气压式基频调节电子人工喉
US20140305431A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2014-10-16 Resmed Limited Exchanger assembly for respiratory treatment
TWI465227B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 2013-06-04 2014-12-21
US20160038702A1 (en) * 2014-08-08 2016-02-11 Uemura Enterprise Co. Ltd Voice assist apparatus
CN111012547A (zh) * 2020-01-19 2020-04-17 安徽奥弗医疗设备科技股份有限公司 一种无喉发音器

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4439872A (en) * 1981-10-06 1984-04-03 Henley Cohn Julian L Apparatus to assist esophageal speech
JPH05205Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-10-03 1993-01-06
DE4218739C1 (de) * 1992-06-06 1993-09-30 Eska Medical Gmbh & Co Stimmprothese
ES2201578T3 (es) * 1999-02-01 2004-03-16 Adeva Medical Gesellschaft Fur Entwicklung Und Vertrieb Von Medizinischen Implantat-Artikeln Mbh Valvula para un traquostoma.

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405850A (en) * 1945-03-22 1946-08-13 Roberts Ottie Artificial larynx construction
US2804076A (en) * 1955-10-03 1957-08-27 Giraudon Rene Surgical device for patients undergoing a laryngotomy
FR1207144A (fr) * 1958-08-25 1960-02-15 Appareil respiratoire permettant l'usage de la parole pour opérés de la laryngectomie traités selon la méthode chirurgicale de réhabilitation phonétique du docteura. briani
US3017880A (en) * 1958-09-16 1962-01-23 Brook Airway Ltd Resuscitator
US3137299A (en) * 1961-07-28 1964-06-16 Carl J Tabor Tracheotomy tube

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2405850A (en) * 1945-03-22 1946-08-13 Roberts Ottie Artificial larynx construction
US2804076A (en) * 1955-10-03 1957-08-27 Giraudon Rene Surgical device for patients undergoing a laryngotomy
FR1207144A (fr) * 1958-08-25 1960-02-15 Appareil respiratoire permettant l'usage de la parole pour opérés de la laryngectomie traités selon la méthode chirurgicale de réhabilitation phonétique du docteura. briani
US3017880A (en) * 1958-09-16 1962-01-23 Brook Airway Ltd Resuscitator
US3137299A (en) * 1961-07-28 1964-06-16 Carl J Tabor Tracheotomy tube

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4044402A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-08-30 National Research Development Corporation Laryngeal prosthesis
US4060856A (en) * 1974-03-01 1977-12-06 National Research Development Corporation Surgical use of a laryngeal prosthesis
US3906956A (en) * 1974-07-03 1975-09-23 Max I Gilbert Cricothyrostomy instrument
US3952335A (en) * 1974-09-25 1976-04-27 The Aro Corporation Laryngeal prosthesis
US4040428A (en) * 1976-08-30 1977-08-09 The Aro Corporation Control valves for tracheotomy patient or laryngeal prosthesis
US4223411A (en) * 1978-08-07 1980-09-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Internal laryngeal prosthesis
US4274162A (en) * 1979-05-23 1981-06-23 Michael Joy Artificial replacement for a larynx
US4808183A (en) * 1980-06-03 1989-02-28 University Of Iowa Research Foundation Voice button prosthesis and method for installing same
US7025784B1 (en) 1981-10-29 2006-04-11 Hansa Medical Products, Inc. Method and apparatus for a tracheal valve
EP0093567A1 (en) * 1982-04-30 1983-11-09 Hansa Medical Products Inc. Voice prosthesis device
US4435853A (en) 1982-04-30 1984-03-13 Hansa Medical Products, Inc. Voice prosthesis device and placement tool therefor
US4911716A (en) * 1982-04-30 1990-03-27 Hansa Medical Products, Inc. Surgical implant for a voice prosthesis
US4494252A (en) * 1983-08-22 1985-01-22 Bear Medical Systems, Inc. Laryngeal prosthesis
US4502151A (en) * 1983-11-01 1985-02-26 Xomed, Inc. Replaceable saliva barrier for intra-oral larynx
US5059208A (en) * 1991-02-04 1991-10-22 Helix Medical, Inc. Adjustable tracheostoma valve
US20040024455A1 (en) * 1998-04-17 2004-02-05 De Vries Marinus Pieter Voice-producing prosthesis
US20050090897A1 (en) * 1998-04-17 2005-04-28 Aveda Medical Gmbh Voice-producing prosthesis
EP2236165A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-06 Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Tracheostoma valve
WO2010114372A3 (en) * 2009-04-01 2011-03-31 Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Tracheostoma valve
US8944063B2 (en) 2009-04-01 2015-02-03 Academisch Ziekenhuis Groningen Tracheostoma valve
CN101991475B (zh) * 2009-08-31 2013-02-06 北京航空航天大学 气压式基频调节电子人工喉
RU2446774C1 (ru) * 2010-10-07 2012-04-10 Леонид Григорьевич Кожанов Голосовой протез
US10589042B2 (en) * 2011-11-11 2020-03-17 ResMed Pty Ltd Exchanger assembly for respiratory treatment
US20140305431A1 (en) * 2011-11-11 2014-10-16 Resmed Limited Exchanger assembly for respiratory treatment
US11957835B2 (en) 2011-11-11 2024-04-16 ResMed Pty Ltd Exchanger assembly for respiratory treatment
TWI465227B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 2013-06-04 2014-12-21
US9700692B2 (en) * 2014-08-08 2017-07-11 Uemura Enterprise Co. Ltd Voice assist apparatus
US20160038702A1 (en) * 2014-08-08 2016-02-11 Uemura Enterprise Co. Ltd Voice assist apparatus
CN111012547A (zh) * 2020-01-19 2020-04-17 安徽奥弗医疗设备科技股份有限公司 一种无喉发音器

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GB1414523A (en) 1975-11-19
JPS4862293A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-08-30
DE2253496A1 (de) 1973-05-10
CA950152A (en) 1974-07-02

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